| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
|
|
| 2. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 3. |
- Liu, Claire, et al.
(författare)
-
Multifunctional Materials Strategies for Enhanced Safety of Wireless, Skin-Interfaced Bioelectronic Devices
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:34
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many recently developed classes of wireless, skin-interfaced bioelectronic devices rely on conventional thermoset silicone elastomer materials, such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), as soft encapsulating structures around collections of electronic components, radio frequency antennas and, commonly, rechargeable batteries. In optimized layouts and device designs, these materials provide attractive features, most prominently in their gentle, noninvasive interfaces to the skin even at regions of high curvature and large natural deformations. Past studies, however, overlook opportunities for developing variants of these materials for multimodal means to enhance the safety of the devices against failure modes that range from mechanical damage to thermal runaway. This study presents a self-healing PDMS dynamic covalent matrix embedded with chemistries that provide thermochromism, mechanochromism, strain-adaptive stiffening, and thermal insulation, as a collection of attributes relevant to safety. Demonstrations of this materials system and associated encapsulation strategy involve a wireless, skin-interfaced device that captures mechanoacoustic signatures of health status. The concepts introduced here can apply immediately to many other related bioelectronic devices.
|
|
| 4. |
- Chen, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
-
Highly Sensitive Graphene Oxide-based Fabry-Perot Low-frequency Acoustic Sensor With Low-coherence Polarized Demodulation Using Three-step Phase-Shifting Arctan Algorithms
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing low-frequency acoustic senor with high sensitivity is crucial for diverse applications, ranging from seismic monitoring, military operations, to pipeline surveillance. Here, we have proposed a high-sensitivity graphene oxide (GO)-based Fabry-Perot low-frequency sensor, in which a 170 nm thick, large-area and uniformly GO film was prepared by a vacuum filtration method. To enhance the accuracy and stability of the sensor, a low-coherence interference system based on birefringent crystal blocks was designed utilizing a three-step phase-shifting arctangent algorithm. Our sensor exhibited a sensitivity of -93.48 dB re 1 rad/μPa at 6-60 Hz with a fluctuation of 0.6 dB. The minimum detectable pressure of the sensor was measured at 0.37 μPa/Hz1/2 @20 Hz with a signal to noise ratio of 135.41 dB. Overall, this sensor offers simplicity in preparation, high sensitivity, low detectable sound pressure, making it a significant asset for low-frequency acoustic applications.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hu, Tianyu, et al.
(författare)
-
Steric hindrance induced low exciton binding energy enables low-driving-force organic solar cells
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Aggregate. - 2692-4560 .- 2766-8541. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exciton binding energy (Eb) has been regarded as a critical parameter in charge separation during photovoltaic conversion. Minimizing the Eb of the photovoltaic materials can facilitate the exciton dissociation in low-driving force organic solar cells (OSCs) and thus improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE); nevertheless, diminishing the Eb with deliberate design principles remains a significant challenge. Herein, bulky side chain as steric hindrance structure was inserted into Y-series acceptors to minimize the Eb by modulating the intra- and intermolecular interaction. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that steric hindrance-induced optimal intra- and intermolecular interaction can enhance molecular polarizability, promote electronic orbital overlap between molecules, and facilitate delocalized charge transfer pathways, thereby resulting in a low Eb. The conspicuously reduced Eb obtained in Y-ChC5 with pinpoint steric hindrance modulation can minimize the detrimental effects on exciton dissociation in low-driving-force OSCs, achieving a remarkable PCE of 19.1% with over 95% internal quantum efficiency. Our study provides a new molecular design rationale to reduce the Eb.
|
|
| 6. |
- Huang, Jinrong, et al.
(författare)
-
A porcine brain-wide RNA editing landscape
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Nature. - 2399-3642. ; 4:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is an essential post-transcriptional modification. Although hundreds of thousands of RNA editing sites have been reported in mammals, brain-wide analysis of the RNA editing in the mammalian brain remains rare. Here, a genome-wide RNA-editing investigation is performed in 119 samples, representing 30 anatomically defined subregions in the pig brain. We identify a total of 682,037 A-to-I RNA editing sites of which 97% are not identified before. Within the pig brain, cerebellum and olfactory bulb are regions with most edited transcripts. The editing level of sites residing in protein-coding regions are similar across brain regions, whereas region-distinct editing is observed in repetitive sequences. Highly edited conserved recoding events in pig and human brain are found in neurotransmitter receptors, demonstrating the evolutionary importance of RNA editing in neurotransmission functions. Although potential data biases caused by age, sex or health status are not considered, this study provides a rich resource to better understand the evolutionary importance of post-transcriptional RNA editing. Huang et al performed a genome-wide RNA editing investigation in the porcine brain in which they found over 680,000 A-to-I RNA editing sites. They identified conserved recoding events between pig and human brains thus providing an extensive resource to aid our understanding of the evolutionary importance of post-transcriptional RNA editing.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Makafe, Gaelle G., et al.
(författare)
-
Quinoline Derivatives Kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Activating Glutamate Kinase
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Cell Chemical Biology. - : CELL PRESS. - 2451-9456 .- 2451-9448. ; 26:8, s. 1187-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a great need for identification and development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs with novel targets. Recent drug-discovery efforts typically focus on identifying inhibitors but not activators that perturb metabolic enzymes' functions as a means to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Here, we describe a class of quinoline compounds, Z0933/Z0930, which kill Mtb by acting as activators of glutamate kinase (GK), a previously untargeted enzyme catalyzing the first step of proline biosynthesis. We further show that Z0933/Z0930 augment proline production and induce Mtb killing via proline-derived redox imbalance and production of reactive oxygen species. This work highlights the effectiveness of gain-of-function probes against Mtb and provides a framework for the discovery of next-generation allosteric activators of GK.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sun, Fengbo, et al.
(författare)
-
1,5-Diiodocycloctane: a cyclane solvent additive that can extend the exciton diffusion length in thick film organic solar cells
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Energy and Environmental Sciences. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 17:5, s. 1916-1930
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The short exciton diffusion length associated with most state-of-the-art organic semiconductors used in organic solar cells (OSCs) imposes severe limits on the exciton transport in the larger donor/acceptor domains and the exciton dissociation at the interface, which hinder further improvements in the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of the thick-film devices. In this study, a new cyclane, 1,5-diiodocycloctane (DICO), was employed as a solvent additive to effectively extend the exciton LD within the bulk-heterojunction blend, which can function with the multiple photovoltaic materials system. Due to the great enhancement of molecular stacking and exclusively large domain sizes of photovoltaic materials with the assistance of the DICO additive, the trap density in devices is significantly reduced, thereby nearly doubling the LD in the thick film OSCs. Notably, the DICO-processed PM6/L8-BO-based OSC showed high thickness tolerance for the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer, delivering a high PCE of 19.1% in the case of a 110 nm thick film and still maintaining an excellent PCE of 17.2% in the case of a 300 nm thick film. Crucially, a noticeably increased stability of the multiple materials system was observed in the DICO-processed OSCs. These findings enrich the additive family with new cyclane systems to extend the exciton LD in thick film OSCs with high performance.
|
|
| 10. |
- Xiong, Shaobing, et al.
(författare)
-
Defect passivation by nontoxic biomaterial yields 21% efficiency perovskite solar cells
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics. - : ELSEVIER. - 2056-9386. ; 55, s. 265-271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defect passivation is one of the most important strategies to boost both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, nontoxic and sustainable forest-based biomaterial, betulin, is first introduced into perovskites. The experiments and calculations reveal that betulin can effectively passivate the uncoordinated lead ions in perovskites via sharing the lone pair electrons of hydroxyl group, promoting charge transport. As a result, the power conversion efficiencies of the p-i-n planar PSCs remarkably increase from 19.14% to 21.15%, with the improvement of other parameters. The hydrogen bonds of betulin lock methylamine and halogen ions along the grain boundaries and on the film surface and thus suppress ion migration, further stabilizing perovskite crystal structures. These positive effects enable the PSCs to maintain 90% of the initial efficiency after 30 days in ambient air with 60%+/- 5% relative humidity, 75% after 300 h aging at 85 degrees C, and 55% after 250 h light soaking, respectively. This work opens a new pathway for using nontoxic and low-cost biomaterials from forest to make highly efficient and stable PSCs. (C) 2020 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 11. |
- Xiong, Shaobing, et al.
(författare)
-
Direct Observation on p- to n-Type Transformation of Perovskite Surface Region during Defect Passivation Driving High Photovoltaic Efficiency
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Joule. - : CELL PRESS. - 2542-4351. ; 5:2, s. 467-480
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from significant nonradiative recombination, limiting their power conversion efficiencies. Here, for the first time, we directly observe a complete transformation of perovskite MAPbI(3) surface region energetics from p- to n-type during defect passivation caused by natural additive capsaicin, attributed to the spontaneous formation of a p-n homojunction in perovskite active layer. We demonstrate that the p-n homojunction locates at similar to 100 nm below perovskite surface. The energetics transformation and defect passivation promote charge transport in bulk perovskite layer and at perovskite/PCBM interface, suppressing both defect-assisted recombination and interface carrier recombination. As a result, an efficiency of 21.88% and a fill factor of 83.81% with excellent device stability are achieved, both values are the highest records for polycrystalline MAPbI(3) based p-i-n PSCs reported to date. The proposed new concept of synergetic defect passivation and energetic modification via additive provides a huge potential for further improvement of PSC performance.
|
|
| 12. |
- Yang, Jianming, et al.
(författare)
-
Energetics and Energy Loss in 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 10:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) are emerging as potential challengers to their 3D counterpart due to superior stability and competitive efficiency. However, the fundamental questions on energetics of the 2D RPPs are not well understood. Here, the energetics at (PEA)(2)(MA)(n)-1PbnI3n+1/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) interfaces with varying n values of 1, 3, 5, 40, and infinity are systematically investigated. It is found that n-n junctions form at the 2D RPP interfaces (n = 3, 5, and 40), instead of p-n junctions in the pure 2D and 3D scenarios (n = 1 and infinity). The potential gradient across phenethylammonium iodide ligands that significantly decreases surface work function, promotes separation of the photogenerated charge carriers with electron transferring from perovskite crystal to ligand at the interface, reducing charge recombination, which contributes to the smallest energy loss and the highest open-circuit voltage (V-oc) in the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the 2D RPP (n = 5)/PCBM. The mechanism is further verified by inserting a thin 2D RPP capping layer between pure 3D perovskite and PCBM in PSCs, causing the V-oc to evidently increase by 94 mV. Capacitance-voltage measurements with Mott-Schottky analysis demonstrate that such V-oc improvement is attributed to the enhanced potential at the interface.
|
|
| 13. |
- Yang, Zhikai, et al.
(författare)
-
3D Breast Ultrasound Image Classification Using 2.5D Deep learning
- 2024
-
Ingår i: 17th International Workshop on Breast Imaging, IWBI 2024. - : SPIE.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 3D breast ultrasound is a radiation-free and effective imaging technology for breast tumor diagnosis. However, checking the 3D breast ultrasound is time-consuming compared to mammograms. To reduce the workload of radiologists, we proposed a 2.5D deep learning-based breast ultrasound tumor classification system. First, we used the pre-trained STU-Net to finetune and segment the tumor in 3D. Then, we fine-tuned the DenseNet-121 for classification using the 10 slices with the biggest tumoral area and their adjacent slices. The Tumor Detection, Segmentation, and Classification on Automated 3D Breast Ultrasound (TDSC-ABUS) MICCAI Challenge 2023 dataset was used to train and validate the performance of the proposed method. Compared to a 3D convolutional neural network model and radiomics, our proposed method has better performance.
|
|
| 14. |
- Yang, Zhikai, et al.
(författare)
-
Lesion Localization in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis with Deformable Transformers by Using 2.5D Information
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Medical Imaging 2024: Computer-Aided Diagnosis. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we adapted a transformer-based method to localize lesions in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images. Compared with convolutional neural network-based object detection methods, the transformer-based method does not require non-maximum suppression postprocessing. Integrated deformable convolution detection transformers can better capture small-size lesions. We added transfer learning to tackle the issue of the lack of annotated data from DBT. To validate the superiority of the transformer-based detection method, we compared the results with deep-learning object detection methods. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method performs better than all comparison methods.
|
|
