| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 8. |
- Johnston, Jennifer J., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Analysis Expands the Spectrum of Phenotypes Associated with GLI3 Mutations
- 2010
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1059-7794. ; 31:10, s. 1142-1154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A range of phenotypes including Greig cephalopolysyndactyly and Pallister-Hall syndromes (GCPS, PHS) are caused by pathogenic mutation of the GLI3 gene. To characterize the clinical variability of GLI3 mutations, we present a subset of a cohort of 174 probands referred for GLI3 analysis. Eighty-one probands with typical GCPS or PHS were previously reported, and we report the remaining 93 probands here. This includes 19 probands (12 mutations) who fulfilled clinical criteria for GCPS or PHS, 48 probands (16 mutations) with features of GCPS or PHS but who did not meet the clinical criteria (sub-GCPS and sub-PHS), 21 probands (6 mutations) with features of PHS or GCPS and oral-facial- digital syndrome, and 5 probands (1 mutation) with nonsyndromic polydactyly. These data support previously identified genotype-phenotype correlations and demonstrate a more variable degree of severity than previously recognized. The finding of GLI3 mutations in patients with features of oral-facial-digital syndrome supports the observation that GLI3 interacts with cilia. We conclude that the phenotypic spectrum of GLI3 mutations is broader than that encompassed by the clinical diagnostic criteria, but the genotype-phenotype correlation persists. Individuals with features of either GCPS or PHS should be screened for mutations in GLI3 even if they do not fulfill clinical criteria. Hum Mutat 31:1142-1154, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 9. |
- Sawakuchi, A. O., et al.
(författare)
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Luminescence of quartz and feldspar fingerprints provenance and correlates with the source area denudation in the Amazon River basin
- 2018
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Ingår i: Earth and Planetary Science Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0012-821X .- 1385-013X. ; 492, s. 152-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Amazon region hosts the world's largest watershed spanning from high elevation Andean terrains to lowland cratonic shield areas in tropical South America. This study explores variations in optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals in suspended silt and riverbed sands retrieved from major Amazon rivers. These rivers drain Pre-Cambrian to Cenozoic source rocks in areas with contrasting denudation rates. In contrast to the previous studies, we do not observe an increase in the OSL sensitivity of quartz with transport distance; for example, Tapajos and Xingu Rivers show more sensitive quartz than Solimbes and Madeira Rivers, even though the latter have a significantly larger catchment area and longer sediment transport distance. Interestingly, high sensitivity quartz is observed in rivers draining relatively stable Central Brazil and Guiana shield areas (denudation rate xi = 0.04 mm yr(-1)), while low sensitivity quartz occurs in less stable Andean terrains (xi = 0.24 mm yr(-1)). An apparent linear correlation between quartz OSL sensitivity and denudation rate suggests that OSL sensitivity may be used as a proxy for erosion rates in the Amazon basin. Furthermore, luminescence sensitivity measured in sand or silt arises from the same mineral components (quartz and feldspar) and clearly discriminates between Andean and shield sediments, avoiding the grain size bias in provenance analysis. These results have implications for using luminescence sensitivity as a proxy for Andean and shield contributions in the stratigraphic record, providing a new tool to reconstruct past drainage configurations within the Amazon basin.
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| 11. |
- De Ferrari, G. M., et al.
(författare)
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation: a new and promising therapeutic approach for chronic heart failure
- 2011
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Ingår i: European heart journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1522-9645 .- 0195-668X. ; 32:7, s. 847-855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: In chronic heart failure (CHF), reduced vagal activity correlates with increased mortality and acute decompensation. Experimentally, chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) improved left ventricular (LV) function and survival; clinically, it is used for the treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy. We assessed safety and tolerability of chronic VNS in symptomatic CHF patients, using a novel implantable nerve stimulation system. The secondary goal was to obtain preliminary data on clinical efficacy. METHODS AND RESULTS: This multi-centre, open-label phase II, two-staged study (8-patient feasibility phase plus 24-patient safety and tolerability phase) enrolled 32 New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV patients [age 56 +/- 11 years, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) 23 +/- 8%]. Right cervical VNS with CardioFit (BioControl Medical) implantable system started 2-4 weeks after implant, slowly raising intensity; patients were followed 3 and 6 months thereafter with optional 1-year follow-up. Overall, 26 serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred in 13 of 32 patients (40.6%), including three deaths and two clearly device-related AEs (post-operative pulmonary oedema, need of surgical revision). Expected non-serious device-related AEs (cough, dysphonia, and stimulation-related pain) occurred early but were reduced and disappeared after stimulation intensity adjustment. There were significant improvements (P < 0.001) in NYHA class quality of life, 6-minute walk test (from 411 +/- 76 to 471 +/- 111 m), LVEF (from 22 +/- 7 to 29 +/- 8%), and LV systolic volumes (P = 0.02). These improvements were maintained at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: This open-label study shows that chronic VNS in CHF patients with severe systolic dysfunction may be safe and tolerable and may improve quality of life and LV function. A controlled clinical trial appears warranted.
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| 12. |
- Zabel, B A, et al.
(författare)
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Human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6/CC chemokine receptor 9 is selectively expressed on intestinal homing T lymphocytes, mucosal lymphocytes, and thymocytes and is required for thymus-expressed chemokine-mediated chemotaxis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - 1540-9538. ; 190:9, s. 1241-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TECK (thymus-expressed chemokine), a recently described CC chemokine expressed in thymus and small intestine, was found to mediate chemotaxis of human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6/L1.2 transfectants. This activity was blocked by anti-GPR-9-6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3C3. GPR-9-6 is expressed on a subset of memory alpha4beta7(high) intestinal trafficking CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. In addition, all intestinal lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes express GPR-9-6. In contrast, GPR-9-6 is not displayed on cutaneous lymphocyte antigen-positive (CLA(+)) memory CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, which traffic to skin inflammatory sites, or on other systemic alpha4beta7(-)CLA(-) memory CD4/CD8 lymphocytes. The majority of thymocytes also express GPR-9-6, but natural killer cells, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils are GPR-9-6 negative. Transcripts of GPR-9-6 and TECK are present in both small intestine and thymus. Importantly, the expression profile of GPR-9-6 correlates with migration to TECK of blood T lymphocytes and thymocytes. As migration of these cells is blocked by anti-GPR-9-6 mAb 3C3, we conclude that GPR-9-6 is the principal chemokine receptor for TECK. In agreement with the nomenclature rules for chemokine receptors, we propose the designation CCR-9 for GPR-9-6. The selective expression of TECK and GPR-9-6 in thymus and small intestine implies a dual role for GPR-9-6/CCR-9, both in T cell development and the mucosal immune response.
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| 13. |
- Zabel, M, et al.
(författare)
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Corrigendum
- 2019
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Ingår i: ESC heart failure. - : Wiley. - 2055-5822. ; 6:4, s. 899-899
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
- Durr, Hermann A., et al.
(författare)
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A Closer Look Into Magnetism : Opportunities With Synchrotron Radiation
- 2009
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on magnetics. - 0018-9464 .- 1941-0069. ; 45:1, s. 15-57
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unique properties of synchrotron radiation, such as broad energy spectrum, variable light polarization, and flexible time structure, have made it an enormously powerful tool in the study of magnetic phenomena and materials. The refinement of experimental techniques has led to many new research opportunities, keeping up with the challenges put up by modern magnetism research. In this contribution, we review some of the recent developments in the application of synchrotron radiation and particularly soft X-rays to current problems in magnetism, and we discuss future perspectives.
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| 17. |
- Van Kampen, M., et al.
(författare)
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On the realization of artificial XY spin chains
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 17:2, s. L27-L33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spin chains are the most elementary entities in the study of magnetic ordering behavior. The authors describe a route toward the realization of artificial XY spin chains. Using thin-film deposition and e-beam lithog., 300 and 550 nm diam. pillars consisting of alternating disks of permalloy and Al2O3 were made. Shape anisotropy forces the magnetization in plane, creating a chain of two-dimensional magnetic moments →i. The disks couple to each other by their dipolar stray fields, resulting in an interaction Jij→i·→j, with Jij the coupling between disks i and j. This form closely resembles a chain of xy spins, coupled by effective interactions Jij. The authors present a magnetic characterization of the pillars, and compare the results with model calcns. Also, spin dynamics and ordering phenomena are addressed.
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| 18. |
- Zabel, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Large potential for crop production adaptation depends on available future varieties
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 27:16, s. 3870-3882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change affects global agricultural production and threatens food security. Faster phenological development of crops due to climate warming is one of the main drivers for potential future yield reductions. To counter the effect of faster maturity, adapted varieties would require more heat units to regain the previous growing period length. In this study, we investigate the effects of variety adaptation on global caloric production under four different future climate change scenarios for maize, rice, soybean, and wheat. Thereby, we empirically identify areas that could require new varieties and areas where variety adaptation could be achieved by shifting existing varieties into new regions. The study uses an ensemble of seven global gridded crop models and five CMIP6 climate models. We found that 39% (SSP5-8.5) of global cropland could require new crop varieties to avoid yield loss from climate change by the end of the century. At low levels of warming (SSP1-2.6), 85% of currently cultivated land can draw from existing varieties to shift within an agro-ecological zone for adaptation. The assumptions on available varieties for adaptation have major impacts on the effectiveness of variety adaptation, which could more than half in SSP5-8.5. The results highlight that region-specific breeding efforts are required to allow for a successful adaptation to climate change.
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| 19. |
- Banas, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Chemerin Is an Antimicrobial Agent in Human Epidermis
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemerin, a chemoattractant ligand for chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) is predicted to share similar tertiary structure with antibacterial cathelicidins. Recombinant chemerin has antimicrobial activity. Here we show that endogenous chemerin is abundant in human epidermis, and that inhibition of bacteria growth by exudates from organ cultures of primary human skin keratinocytes is largely chemerin-dependent. Using a panel of overlapping chemerin-derived synthetic peptides, we demonstrate that the antibacterial activity of chemerin is primarily mediated by Val 66 -Pro 85, which causes direct bacterial lysis. Therefore, chemerin is an antimicrobial agent in human skin.
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| 21. |
- Bruessing, F., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetization and magnetization reversal in epitaxial Fe/Cr/Co asymmetric spin-valve systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 85:17, s. 174409-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated asymmetric Fe/Cr/Co/Cr superlattices with two magnetic layers of Fe and Co, which are different with respect to their magnetic properties: magnetization, coercivity, and magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic layers are weakly coupled via a mediating Cr spacer layer providing an antiferromagnetic alignment of adjacent layers. The magnetic structure of these spin-valve-like Fe/Cr/Co/Cr superlattices was analyzed from the remanent state up to saturation via polarized neutron scattering and polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR). Furthermore, the domain structure in remanence was imaged via polarized x-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM). This analysis reveals that the Co magnetization strongly affects the Fe domain structure, while the layer magnetization is collinear from the remanent antiparallel state up to the ferromagnetic saturation state. However, for certain Co layer thicknesses, the as-grown remanent state exhibits a noncollinear antiferromagnetic spin structure, which cannot be recovered after applying a magnetic field. However, the noncollinear structure is reproducible with freshly grown superlattices.
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| 22. |
- Felisberto, Paulo, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustic monitoring of O-2 production of a seagrass meadow
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0981 .- 1879-1697. ; 464, s. 75-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acoustic data were acquired in October 2011 over a Posidonia oceanica meadow in the Bay of la Revellata, Calvi, Corsica. The purpose was to develop an acoustic system for monitoring the oxygen (O-2) production of an entire seagrass meadow. In a shallow water area (<38 m), densely covered by P. oceanica, a sound source transmitted signals in 3 different bands (400-800 Hz, 1.5-3.5 kHz and 65-8.5 kHz) toward three self-recording hydrophones at a distance of 100 m, over the period of one week. The data show a high correlation between the diel cycle of the acoustic signals' energy received by the hydrophones and the temporal changes in water column O-2 concentration as measured by optodes. The results thus show that a simple acoustic acquisition system can be used to monitor the O-2-based productivity of a seagrass meadow at the ecosystem level with high temporal resolution. The finding of a significant production of O-2 as bubbles in seagrass ecosysterns suggests that net primary production is underestimated by methods that rely on the mass balance of dissolved O-2 measurements.
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| 23. |
- Franke, James A, et al.
(författare)
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Agricultural breadbaskets shift poleward given adaptive farmer behavior under climate change
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 28:1, s. 167-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern food production is spatially concentrated in global "breadbaskets". A major unresolved question is whether these peak production regions will shift poleward as the climate warms, allowing some recovery of potential climaterelated losses. While agricultural impacts studies to date have focused on currently cultivated land, the Global Gridded Crop Model Intercomparison Project (GGCMI) Phase 2 experiment allows us to assess changes in both yields and the location of peak productivity regions under warming. We examine crop responses under projected end-of-century warming using 7 process-based models simulating 5 major crops (maize, rice, soybeans, and spring and winter wheat) with a variety of adaptation strategies. We find that in no-adaptation cases, when planting date and cultivar choices are held fixed, regions of peak production remain stationary and yield losses can be severe, since growing seasons contract strongly with warming. When adaptations in management practices are allowed (cultivars that retain growing season length under warming and modified planting dates), peak productivity zones shift poleward and yield losses are largely recovered. While most growing-zone shifts are ultimately limited by geography, breadbaskets studied here move poleward over 600 km on average by end of the century under RCP8.5. These results suggest that agricultural impacts assessments can be strongly biased if restricted in spatial area or in the scope of adaptive behavior considered. Accurate evaluation of food security under climate change requires global modeling and careful treatment of adaptation strategies.
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| 24. |
- Franke, James A., et al.
(författare)
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The GGCMI Phase 2 emulators : Global gridded crop model responses to changes in CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen (version 1.0)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Geoscientific Model Development. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1991-959X .- 1991-9603. ; 13:9, s. 3995-4018
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Statistical emulation allows combining advantageous features of statistical and process-based crop models for understanding the effects of future climate changes on crop yields. We describe here the development of emulators for nine process-based crop models and five crops using output from the Global Gridded Model Intercomparison Project (GGCMI) Phase 2. The GGCMI Phase 2 experiment is designed with the explicit goal of producing a structured training dataset for emulator development that samples across four dimensions relevant to crop yields: Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, temperature, water supply, and nitrogen inputs (CTWN). Simulations are run under two different adaptation assumptions: That growing seasons shorten in warmer climates, and that cultivar choice allows growing seasons to remain fixed. The dataset allows emulating the climatological-mean yield response of all models with a simple polynomial in mean growing-season values. Climatological-mean yields are a central metric in climate change impact analysis; we show here that they can be captured without relying on interannual variations. In general, emulation errors are negligible relative to differences across crop models or even across climate model scenarios; errors become significant only in some marginal lands where crops are not currently grown. We demonstrate that the resulting GGCMI emulators can reproduce yields under realistic future climate simulations, even though the GGCMI Phase 2 dataset is constructed with uniform CTWN offsets, suggesting that the effects of changes in temperature and precipitation distributions are small relative to those of changing means. The resulting emulators therefore capture relevant crop model responses in a lightweight, computationally tractable form, providing a tool that can facilitate model comparison, diagnosis of interacting factors affecting yields, and integrated assessment of climate impacts.
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| 25. |
- Franke, James A., et al.
(författare)
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The GGCMI Phase 2 experiment : Global gridded crop model simulations under uniform changes in CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen levels (protocol version 1.0)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Geoscientific Model Development. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1991-959X .- 1991-9603. ; 13:5, s. 2315-2336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concerns about food security under climate change motivate efforts to better understand future changes in crop yields. Process-based crop models, which represent plant physiological and soil processes, are necessary tools for this purpose since they allow representing future climate and management conditions not sampled in the historical record and new locations to which cultivation may shift. However, process-based crop models differ in many critical details, and their responses to different interacting factors remain only poorly understood. The Global Gridded Crop Model Intercomparison (GGCMI) Phase 2 experiment, an activity of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP), is designed to provide a systematic parameter sweep focused on climate change factors and their interaction with overall soil fertility, to allow both evaluating model behavior and emulating model responses in impact assessment tools. In this paper we describe the GGCMI Phase 2 experimental protocol and its simulation data archive. A total of 12 crop models simulate five crops with systematic uniform perturbations of historical climate, varying CO2, temperature, water supply, and applied nitrogen ("CTWN") for rainfed and irrigated agriculture, and a second set of simulations represents a type of adaptation by allowing the adjustment of growing season length. We present some crop yield results to illustrate general characteristics of the simulations and potential uses of the GGCMI Phase 2 archive. For example, in cases without adaptation, modeled yields show robust decreases to warmer temperatures in almost all regions, with a nonlinear dependence that means yields in warmer baseline locations have greater temperature sensitivity. Inter-model uncertainty is qualitatively similar across all the four input dimensions but is largest in high-latitude regions where crops may be grown in the future.
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