| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 2. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2016 Challenge Results
- 2016
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Ingår i: COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2016 WORKSHOPS, PT II. - Cham : SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG. - 9783319488813 - 9783319488806 ; , s. 777-823
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2016 aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 70 trackers are presented, with a large number of trackers being published at major computer vision conferences and journals in the recent years. The number of tested state-of-the-art trackers makes the VOT 2016 the largest and most challenging benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the Appendix. The VOT2016 goes beyond its predecessors by (i) introducing a new semi-automatic ground truth bounding box annotation methodology and (ii) extending the evaluation system with the no-reset experiment.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Cong, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Macular Thickness and Volume in Older Adults : A Population-Based Optical Coherence Tomography Study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders. - 1540-4196 .- 1557-8518. ; 22:2, s. 141-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To explore the associations of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and individual components with macular thickness and volume among rural-dwelling Chinese older adults.Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 705 participants (age ≥60 years) derived from the MIND-China study. In 2018–2019, we collected data through face-to-face interview, clinical examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination, and blood test. We measured macular thickness and volume using spectral-domain OCT. MetS was defined following the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, the IDF/American Heart Association (AHA) criteria, the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. Data were analyzed with multivariable general linear models.Results: MetS was significantly associated with thinner macula in central (multivariable-adjusted β = −5.29; 95% confidence interval: −9.31 to −1.26), parafoveal (−2.85; −5.73 to 0.04) and perifoveal regions (−4.37; −6.79 to −1.95) when using the IDF criteria, in the perifoveal regions (−3.82; −6.18 to −1.47) when using the IDF/AHA criteria, and in the central region (−5.63; −10.25 to −1.02) when using the CDS criteria, and with reduced macular volume when using the IDF (−0.16; −0.26 to −0.07) and IDF/AHA (−0.13; −0.22 to −0.04) criteria. In the parafoveal region, the IDF-defined MetS was significantly associated with thinner retina in men (β = −6.25; −10.94 to −1.56) but not in women. Abdominal obesity (−2.83; −5.41 to −0.25) and elevated fasting blood glucose (−2.65; −5.08 to −0.21) were associated with thinner macular thickness in the perifoveal region.Conclusion: MetS is associated with macular thinning and reduced macular volume among rural-dwelling older adults, and the associations vary by the defining criteria of MetS.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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A survey on user-centric cell-free massive MIMO systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Digital Communications and Networks. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-5925 .- 2352-8648. ; 8:5, s. 695-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mobile data traffic has been exponentially growing during the last several decades. This was enabled by the densification of the network infrastructure in terms of increased cell density (i.e., Ultra-Dense Network (UDN)) and/or the increased number of active antennas per Access Point (AP) (i.e., massive Multiple-Input Multiple -Output (mMIMO)). However, neither UDN nor mMIMO will meet the increasing demand for the data rate of the Sixth Generation (6G) wireless communications due to the inter-cell interference and large quality-of-service variations. Cell-Free (CF) mMIMO, which combines the best aspects of UDN and mMIMO, is viewed as a key solution to this issue. In such systems, each User Equipment (UE) is served by a preferred set of surrounding APs cooperatively. In this paper, we provide a survey of the state-of-the-art literature on CF mMIMO. As a starting point, the significance and the basic properties of CF mMIMO are highlighted. We then present the canonical framework to discuss the essential details (i.e., transmission procedure and mathematical system model). Next, we provide a deep look at the resource allocation and signal processing problems related to CF mMIMO and survey the up-to-date schemes and algorithms. After that, we discuss the practical issues in implementing CF mMIMO and point out the potential future directions. Finally, we conclude this paper with a summary of the key lessons learned in this field.
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| 5. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Structured Massive Access for Scalable Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0733-8716 .- 1558-0008. ; 39:4, s. 1086-1100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How to meet the demand for increasing number of users, higher data rates, and stringent quality-of-service (QoS) in the beyond fifth-generation (B5G) networks? Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is considered as a promising solution, in which many wireless access points cooperate to jointly serve the users by exploiting coherent signal processing. However, there are still many unsolved practical issues in cell-free massive MIMO systems, whereof scalable massive access implementation is one of the most vital. In this paper, we propose a new framework for structured massive access in cell-free massive MIMO systems, which comprises one initial access algorithm, a partial large-scale fading decoding (P-LSFD) strategy, two pilot assignment schemes, and one fractional power control policy. New closed-form spectral efficiency (SE) expressions with maximum ratio (MR) combining are derived. The simulation results show that our proposed framework provides high SE when using local partial minimum mean-square error (LP-MMSE) and MR combining. Specifically, the proposed initial access algorithm and pilot assignment schemes outperform their corresponding benchmarks, P-LSFD achieves scalability with a negligible performance loss compared to the conventional optimal large-scale fading decoding (LSFD), and scalable fractional power control provides a controllable trade-off between user fairness and the average SE.
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| 6. |
- Shiwei, Tian, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Mo Element on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiAl Alloys
- 2022
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Ingår i: Xiyou jinshu cailiao yu gongcheng. - : NORTHWEST INST NONFERROUS METAL RESEARCH. - 1002-185X. ; 51:7, s. 2336-2343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four TiAl alloys with different Mo contents were designed, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of these MoTiAl alloys were studied by scanning electron microscope, nanoindentation, and hot compression simulation methods. Results show that with increasing the Mo content, the content of. phase is gradually decreased, while that of beta phase is gradually increased. The Mo element mainly exists in the form of beta phase in the TiAl alloy. During the hot isostatic pressing process, the Mo element is diffused from the. and a 2 phases to the beta phase. The nanoindentation hardness of Mo-TiAl alloy reaches the maximum when the Mo content is 1.59at%, and it is negatively correlated with the interlamellar space. As the content of Mo element increases, the flow stress of Mo-TiAl alloys decreases, and the TiAl alloys with 2.11at% and 3.94at% Mo addtion have poor plasticity due to the Al element segregation.
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| 7. |
- Xing, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated opposite charge grafting induced ionic-junction fiber
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of ionic-junction devices has attracted growing interests due to the potential of serving as signal transmission and translation media between electronic devices and biological systems using ions. Among them, fiber-shaped iontronics possesses a great advantage in implantable applications owing to the unique one-dimensional geometry. However, fabricating stable ionic-junction on curved surfaces remains a challenge. Here, we developed a polyelectrolyte based ionic-junction fiber via an integrated opposite charge grafting method capable of large-scale continuous fabrication. The ionic-junction fibers can be integrated into functions such as ionic diodes and ionic bipolar junction transistors, where rectification and switching of input signals are implemented. Moreover, synaptic functionality has also been demonstrated by utilizing the fiber memory capacitance. The connection between the ionic-junction fiber and sciatic nerves of the mouse simulating end-to-side anastomosis is further performed to realize effective nerve signal conduction, verifying the capability for next-generation artificial neural pathways in implantable bioelectronics. Ionic-junction devices are difficult to integrate with fiber-shaped tissues like nerves and muscles for applications in implantable bioelectronics due to their large size and bulk structure. Authors realize here easy to implant fiber-shaped iontronics through an integrated opposite charge grafting process, enabling the construction of ionic logic gates and artificial neural pathways.
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| 8. |
- Zhang, Jiayi, et al.
(författare)
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Achievable Rate of Rician Large-Scale MIMO Channels With Transceiver Hardware Impairments
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 65:10, s. 8800-8806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transceiver hardware impairments (e.g., phase noise, inphase/quadrature-phase imbalance, amplifier nonlinearities, and quantization errors) have obvious degradation effects on the performance of wireless communications. While prior works have improved our knowledge of the influence of hardware impairments of single-user multiple-input multiple-output ( MIMO) systems over Rayleigh fading channels, an analysis encompassing the Rician fading channel is not yet available. In this paper, we pursue a detailed analysis of regular and large-scale (LS) MIMO systems over Rician fading channels by deriving new closed-form expressions for the achievable rate to provide several important insights for practical system design. More specifically, for regular MIMO systems with hardware impairments, there is always a finite achievable rate ceiling, which is irrespective of the transmit power and fading conditions. For LS-MIMO systems, it is interesting to find that the achievable rate loss depends on the Rician K-factor, which reveals that the favorable propagation in LS-MIMO systems can remove the influence of hardware impairments. However, we show that the nonideal LS-MIMO system can still achieve high spectral efficiency due to its huge degrees of freedom.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Jiayi, et al.
(författare)
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Local Partial Zero-Forcing Combining for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0090-6778 .- 1558-0857. ; 69:12, s. 8459-8473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) provides more uniform spectral efficiency (SE) for users (UEs) than cellular technology. The main challenge to achieve the benefits of cell-free massive MIMO is to realize signal processing in a scalable way. In this paper, we consider scalable full-pilot zero-forcing (FZF), partial FZF (PFZF), protective weak PFZF (PWPFZF), and local regularized ZF (LRZF) combining by exploiting channel statistics. We derive closed-form expressions of the uplink SE for FZF, PFZF, and PWPFZF combining with large-scale fading decoding over independent Rayleigh fading channels, taking channel estimation errors and pilot contamination into account. Moreover, we investigate the impact of the number of pilot sequences, antennas per AP, and APs on the performance. Numerical results show that LRZF provides the highest SE. However, PWPFZF is preferable when the number of pilot sequences is large and the number of antennas per AP is small. The reason is that PWPFZF has lower computational complexity and the SE expression can be computed in closed-form. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of PWPFZF combining with fractional power control and the numerical results show that it improves the performance of weak UEs and realizes uniformly good service for all UEs in a scalable fashion.
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| 10. |
- Chan, Yi-Hao, et al.
(författare)
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SARS-CoV-2 brainstem encephalitis in human inherited DBR1 deficiency.
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Journal of experimental medicine. - 1540-9538. ; 221:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inherited deficiency of the RNA lariat-debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1) is a rare etiology of brainstem viral encephalitis. The cellular basis of disease and the range of viral predisposition are unclear. We report inherited DBR1 deficiency in a 14-year-old boy who suffered from isolated SARS-CoV-2 brainstem encephalitis. The patient is homozygous for a previously reported hypomorphic and pathogenic DBR1 variant (I120T). Consistently, DBR1 I120T/I120T fibroblasts from affected individuals from this and another unrelated kindred have similarly low levels of DBR1 protein and high levels of RNA lariats. DBR1 I120T/I120T human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived hindbrain neurons are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exogenous WT DBR1 expression in DBR1 I120T/I120T fibroblasts and hindbrain neurons rescued the RNA lariat accumulation phenotype. Moreover, expression of exogenous RNA lariats, mimicking DBR1 deficiency, increased the susceptibility of WT hindbrain neurons to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inborn errors of DBR1 impair hindbrain neuron-intrinsic antiviral immunity, predisposing to viral infections of the brainstem, including that by SARS-CoV-2.
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| 11. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-Efficient Cell-Free Massive MIMO Through Sparse Large-Scale Fading Processing
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1536-1276 .- 1558-2248. ; 22:12, s. 9374-9389
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) systems serve the user equipments (UEs) by geographically distributed access points (APs) by means of joint transmission and reception. To limit the power consumption due to fronthaul signaling and processing, each UE should only be served by a subset of the APs, but it is hard to identify that subset. Previous works have tackled this combinatorial problem heuristically. In this paper, we propose a sparse distributed processing design for CF mMIMO, where the AP-UE association and long-term signal processing coefficients are jointly optimized. We formulate two sparsity-inducing mean-squared error (MSE) minimization problems and solve them by using efficient proximal approaches with block-coordinate descent. For the downlink, more specifically, we develop a virtually optimized large-scale fading precoding (V-LSFP) scheme using uplink-downlink duality. The numerical results show that the proposed sparse processing schemes work well in both uplink and downlink. In particular, they achieve almost the same spectral efficiency as if all APs would serve all UEs, while the energy efficiency is 2-4 times higher thanks to the reduced processing and signaling.
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| 12. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Improving Fairness for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Through Interference-Aware Massive Access
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 72:4, s. 5468-5472
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) provides good interference management by coordinating many more access points (APs) than user equipments (UEs). It becomes challenging to determine which APs should serve which UEs with which pilots when the number of UEs approximates the number of APs and far exceeds the number of pilots. Compared to the previous work, a better compromise between spectral efficiency (SE) and implementation simplicity is needed in such massive access scenarios. This paper proposes an interference-aware massive access (IAMA) scheme realizing joint AP-UE association and pilot assignment for CF mMIMO by exploiting the large-scale interference features. We propose an interference-aware reward as a novel performance metric and use it to develop two iterative algorithms to optimize the association and pilot assignment. The numerical results show a prominent advantage of our IAMA scheme over the benchmark schemes in terms of the user fairness and the average SE.
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| 13. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Sparse Large-Scale Fading Decoding in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 2022 IEEE 23RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SIGNAL PROCESSING ADVANCES IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION (SPAWC). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) systems are characterized by having many more access points (APs) than user equipments (UEs). A key challenge is to determine which APs should serve which UEs. Previous work has tackled this combinatorial problem heuristically. This paper proposes a sparse large-scale fading decoding (LSFD) design for CF mMIMO to jointly optimize the association and LSFD. We formulate a group sparsity problem and then solve it using a proximal algorithm with block-coordinate descent. Numerical results show that sparse LSFD achieves almost the same spectral efficiency as optimal LSFD, thus achieving a higher energy efficiency since the processing and signaling are reduced.
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| 14. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Treating Interference as Noise in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC 2022). - : IEEE. - 9781538683477 - 9781538683484 ; , s. 1385-1390
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- How to manage the interference introduced by the enormous wireless devices is a crucial issue to address in the prospective sixth-generation (6G) communications. The treating interference as noise (TIN) optimality conditions are commonly used for interference management and thus attract significant interest in existing wireless systems. Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) is a promising technology in 6G that exhibits high system throughput and excellent interference management by exploiting a large number of access points (APs) to serve the users collaboratively. In this paper, we take the first step on studying TIN in CF mMIMO systems from a stochastic geometry perspective by investigating the probability that the TIN conditions hold with spatially distributed network nodes. We propose a novel analytical framework for TIN in a CF mMIMO system with both Binomial Point Process (BPP) and Poisson Point Process (PPP) approximations. We derive the probability that the TIN conditions hold in close form using the PPP approximation. Numerical results validate our derived expressions and illustrate the impact of various system parameters on the probability that the TIN conditions hold.
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| 15. |
- Chen, Shuaifei, et al.
(författare)
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Wireless Caching: Cell-Free versus Small Cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC 2021). - : IEEE. - 9781728171227
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caching popular contents at a large number of access points and edge-clouds is a promising solution to alleviate the increasing backhaul congestion in beyond fifth-generation (B5G) networks. By integrating with cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO), wireless caching can harness their combined virtues, i.e., almost uniform service quality, strong macro-diversity, and reduction of the data traffic from the core network. In this paper, we consider an offline cache-aided scenario with two caching strategies to minimize the total energy consumption (TEC), which are evaluated from the cache hit probability (CHP). The TEC minimization is showed to be NP-complete and, hence, dealt with a proposed greedy algorithm. An adaptive power control policy is proposed to reduce the TEC. We compare CF mMIMO with small cells in terms of the successful content delivery probability (SCDP) and TEC, respectively. The numerical results show that CF mMIMO can offer a much more uniform service, significantly higher SCDP, and lower average TEC when compared to than SC.
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| 16. |
- Ding, Yunji, et al.
(författare)
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An efficient leaching of palladium from spent catalysts through oxidation with Fe(III)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 12:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reclamation of spent catalysts for the efficient recovery of palladium (Pd) is gaining growing attention due to its scarcity and high supply risk. Currently Pd extraction from spent catalysts through an efficient, economical, and green method has remained a challenge. In this study, Fe 3+ is utilized for leaching through oxidation of Pd in a mild condition. Before leaching, distillation was proposed to remove and recover the organics from spent catalysts. The effects of HCl concentration, Fe 3+ concentration, NaCl concentration, leaching time, and temperature on the leaching efficiency of Pd were investigated to determine the optimum leaching conditions. The results show that Pd extraction and dissolution of Al 2 O 3 increase with higher HCl concentration. The effect of NaCl on Pd leaching efficiency is significant at low acid concentration (2.0 mol/L HCl). The leaching efficiency was 99.5% for Pd under the following conditions: 2.0 mol/L HCl, 4.0 mol/L NaCl, and 0.67 mol/L Fe 3+ at 80 °C for 90 min. The leaching kinetics fits best to the shrinking-core model of surface chemical reaction. The activation energy for the leaching of Pd was 47.6 kJ/mol. PdCl 42- was selectively adsorbed by anion exchange resin. The filtrate containing adequate H + , Cl - , and Fe 3+ was reused as leaching agent. Pd leaching efficiency was over 96% after five cycle times. This study provides an efficient process for recovery of Pd from spent catalysts.
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| 17. |
- Ding, Yunji, et al.
(författare)
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Recovery of Platinum from Spent Petroleum Catalysts: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
- 2019
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Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4701. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global yield of platinum (Pt) recovery from spent catalysts is about 30%. Pt recovery from spent catalysts is one of the most significant methods to reduce its supply risk and meet future demand. The current hydro-leaching processes always involve extremely high acidity (c(H+) > 6.0 mol/L), causing serious environmental issues and consuming large amounts of reagents. This paper studied the recovery of Pt from spent petroleum catalysts in a mild leaching solution (c(H+) = 1.0-2.0 mol/L). The HCl and NaCl were used as leaching agents, while H2O2 was used for oxidation of Pt. The leaching factors, including solid/liquid ratio (S/L), acidity, leaching temperature, and H2O2 usage, were studied. The leaching efficiency of Pt was 95.7% under the conditions of S/L of 1:5 g/mL, HCl of 1.0 mol/L, NaCl of 5.0 mol/L, 10% H2O2/spent catalysts of 0.6 mL/g, and temperature of 90 degrees C for 2 h. The leaching kinetic of platinum fits best to the Avrami equation. The apparent activation energy for leaching platinum was 114.9 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the effects of the operating variables were assessed and optimized by employing a response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken Design. The result shows that HCl concentration had the greatest impact on the leaching efficiency as compared to the H2O2 concentration and S/L ratio. Pt leaching efficiency was increased to 98.1% at the optimized conditions of HCl of 1.45 mol/L, NaCl of 4.55 mol/L, 10% H2O2/spent catalysts of 0.66 mL/g, and S/L of 1:4.85. The purity of Pt is over 90% by the reduction of iron powder.
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| 18. |
- Fan, Wen, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Analysis of Cell-Free Massive MIMO Over Spatially Correlated Fading Channels
- 2019
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Ingår i: ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC). - : IEEE. - 9781538680889 - 9781538680896
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising network architecture for future wireless systems. This paper investigates the uplink performance of cell-free massive MIMO systems employing the least-square (LS) estimator over spatially correlated fading channels. We first derive a generalized closed-form expression of the spectral efficiency as a function of the number of access point (AP) antennas and the spatial correlation matrices. We use this result to analyze the impact that the fronthaul, number of users and number of APs have on the energy efficiency. Compared to traditional colocated massive MIMO using maximum ratio combining (MRC), our analysis shows that the large performance gain of cell-free massive MIMO with low-complexity linear LS estimators.
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| 19. |
- Liang, Xiubo, et al.
(författare)
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Menstrual Monster : A Tangible Interactive Co-educational Game Designed for Teenagers
- 2022
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Ingår i: CHI EA '22. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450391566
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning menstruation in early adolescence could reduce teenagers’ misunderstanding of it and help them treat menstruation in a proper way. This paper explored a tangible game for teenagers of different genders learning menstruation through collaborative playing. The game included five levels where users play together and learn the cause, products, symptoms of menstruation as well as try to judge some scenarios and listen to audios about menstruation. In our user study, we invited three groups of teenagers ages 11 to 16. Each group contained at least one male and one female, and we let them play the game freely. Teenagers were successfully able to play the game collaboratively, learn menstruation-related knowledge. The results revealed motivation differences related to gender, and after the game, teenagers demonstrated the observable change of the attitude towards menstruation.
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| 20. |
- Liu, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Pickering multiphase materials using plant-based cellulosic micro/nanoparticles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Aggregate. - 2692-4560.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pickering multiphase systems stabilized by solid particles have recently attracted increasing attention due to their excellent stability. Among various solid stabilizers, natural and renewable cellulosic micro/nanoparticles that are derived from agricultural and forestry sources have become promising candidates for Pickering stabilization due to their unique morphological features and tunable surface properties. In this review, recent progress on forming and stabilizing Pickering multiphase systems using cellulosic colloidal particles is summarized, including the physicochemical factors affecting their assembly at the interfaces and the preparation methods suitable for producing Pickering emulsions. In addition, relevant application prospects of corresponding Pickering multiphase materials are outlined. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of such renewable Pickering multiphase systems are presented. This review aims to encourage the utilization of cellulosic micro/nanoparticles as key components in the development of Pickering systems, leading to enhanced performance and unique functionalities. image
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| 21. |
- Wang, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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| 22. |
- Wang, Sainan, et al.
(författare)
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Second-line antituberculosis drug exposure thresholds predictive of adverse events in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1201-9712 .- 1878-3511. ; 140, s. 62-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between drug exposure and adverse events (AEs) during the standardized multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR -TB) treatment, as well as to identify predictive drug exposure thresholds. Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational multicenter study among participants receiving standardized MDR -TB treatment between 2016 and 2019 in China. AEs were monitored throughout the treatment and their relationships to drug exposure (e.g., the area under the drug concentration -time curve from 0 to 24 h, AUC0-24 h ) were analyzed. The thresholds of pharmacokinetic predictors of observed AEs were identified by boosted classification and regression tree (CART) and further evaluated by external validation. Results: Of 197 study participants, 124 (62.9%) had at least one AE, and 15 (7.6%) experienced serious AEs. The association between drug exposure and AEs was observed including bedaquiline, its metabolite M2, moxifloxacin and QTcF prolongation (QTcF > 450 ms), linezolid and mitochondrial toxicity, cycloserine and psychiatric AEs. The CART -derived thresholds of AUC0-24 h predictive of the respective AEs were 3.2 mg <middle dot>h/l (bedaquiline M2); 49.3 mg <middle dot>h/l (moxifloxacin); 119.3 mg <middle dot>h/l (linezolid); 718.7 mg <middle dot>h/l (cycloserine). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the drug exposure thresholds predictive of AEs for key drugs against MDR -TB treatment. Using the derived thresholds will provide the knowledge base for further randomized clinical trials of dose adjustment to minimize the risk of AEs.
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| 23. |
- Xu, Wenjie, et al.
(författare)
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MathKingdom : Teaching Children Mathematical Language Through Speaking at Home via a Voice-Guided Game
- 2023
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Ingår i: CHI '23. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450394215
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The amount and quality of mathematical language in the family are positively associated with promoting children’s mathematical abilities. However, mathematical language in many families is poor. Through need-finding investigation, we developed MathKingdom, a voice-agent-based game that helps children aged 4–7 learn and use rich, accurate mathematical language (e.g., mathematical expressions related to measurement, sequence, patterns). The game has four flows, in which users can wake up, transform, decorate, and perform as their avatars, as well as practice basic mathematical vocabulary, mathematical single sentences, coherent mathematical statements, and free expression. We refined the system design through wizard-of-oz testing and then evaluated it with 18 families. The results showed that MathKingdom effectively engaged children, enhanced their mathematical language skills and mathematical abilities, and encouraged parent-child conversations about math.
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| 24. |
- Yang, Jiayi, et al.
(författare)
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Spherical nanocomposite particles prepared from mixed cellulose–chitosan solutions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 23:5, s. 3105-3115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel cellulose–chitosan nanocomposite particles with spherical shape were successfully prepared via mixing of aqueous biopolymer solutions in three different ways. Macroparticles with diameters in the millimeter range were produced by dripping cellulose dissolved in cold LiOH/urea into acidic chitosan solutions, inducing instant co-regeneration of the biopolymers. Two types of microspheres, chemically crosslinked and non-crosslinked, were prepared by first mixing cellulose and chitosan solutions obtained from freeze thawing in LiOH/KOH/urea. Thereafter epichlorohydrin was applied as crosslinking agent for one of the samples, followed by water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification, heat induced sol–gel transition, solvent exchange, washing and freeze-drying. Characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, total elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the prepared particles as being true cellulose–chitosan nanocomposites with different distribution of chitosan from the surface to the core of the particles depending on the preparation method. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction was performed to study the morphology and size distribution of the prepared particles. The morphology was found to vary due to different preparation routes, revealing a core shell structure for macroparticles prepared by dripping, and homogenous nanoporous structure for the microspheres. The non-crosslinked microparticles exhibited a somewhat denser structure than the crosslinked ones, which indicated that crosslinking restricts packing of the chains before and under regeneration. From the obtained volume-weighted size distributions it was found that the crosslinked microspheres had the highest median diameter. The results demonstrate that not only the mixing ratio and distribution of the two biopolymers, but also the morphology and nanocomposite particle diameters are tunable by choosing between the different routes of preparation.
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| 25. |
- Zhang, Jiayi, et al.
(författare)
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Guest Editorial Special Issue on Multiple Antenna Technologies for Beyond 5G-Part-I
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8716 .- 1558-0008. ; 38:8, s. 1633-1636
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recently, the first version of the fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) standard with massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been finished by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), with initial deployments occurring in 2018. Despite the major advances in 5G, there are still many challenges remaining. 6G and beyond will require even higher data rates, lower latencies, better energy efficiency, and improved robustness. Multiple antenna technologies, which have played important roles in nearly all recent wireless standards, will be key to addressing these challenges. MIMO research continues to evolve, and new MIMO research topics such as enhanced massive MIMO techniques and array architectures hold much potential for 6G and beyond. Cell-free massive MIMO utilize a large number of distributed access points (APs) that jointly serve users in a coordinated fashion, using only local channel state information at each AP. While the performance of cell-free massive MIMO can be analyzed using a similar methodology as in cellular massive MIMO, the fundamental limits, signal processing, and resource allocation are substantially different. In order to reduce the hardware cost and energy consumption in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems, beamspace MIMO has been proposed to significantly reduce the number of required radio-frequency (RF) chains by using lens antenna arrays or phase shifters. Alternatively, the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) concept involves electromagnetically controllable surfaces that can be integrated into large-scale infrastructure such as building walls, airports, and stadiums. There are active and partially passive forms of large intelligent surface (LIS), and variants with either large antenna spacing or continuous aperture. There are also some substantial differences between the new multiple antenna technologies and traditional MIMO systems, such as transceiver design and propagation models. This special issue aims to highlight recent research on multiple antenna technologies.
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