| 1. |
- Johnsson, Anna-Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Specific SCAR markers and multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of two Trichoderma biocontrol strains in environmental samples
- 2011
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Ingår i: BioControl. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-6141 .- 1573-8248. ; 56, s. 903-913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several strains from the genus Trichoderma (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales) are commercially used as biocontrol agents, e.g. in formulations containing the two Trichoderma strains IMI206039 (Hypocrea parapilulifera B.S. Lu, Druzhinina & Samuels) and IMI206040 (T. atroviride P. Karst). To quantify the presence of the two isolates after application, we developed primers for SCAR markers (Sequence-Characterised Amplified Region). In order to quantify both fungal strains simultaneously, we also designed fluorophore-labelled probes distinguishing the two strains, to be used in combination with the SCAR primers. In incubations of two different soils, artificially inoculated and maintained under controlled conditions, the quantification through amplification with the SCAR markers in qPCR and through colony-forming units from plate counting correlated well. Further tests of the markers on samples taken from a golf green treated with a product containing both strains indicated that the two biocontrol strains did not establish, either on the golf green or in the surrounding area.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Von Rosen, Dietrich
(författare)
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Non-negative estimation of variance components in heteroscedastic one-way random-effects ANOVA models
- 2010
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Ingår i: Statistics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0233-1888 .- 1029-4910. ; 44, s. 557-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a considerable amount of literature dealing with inference about the parameters in a heteroscedastic one-way random-effects ANOVA model. In this paper, we primarily address the problem of improved quadratic estimation of the random-effect variance component. It turns out that such estimators with a smaller mean squared error compared with some standard unbiased quadratic estimators exist under quite general conditions. Improved estimators of the error variance components are also established.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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Unraveling the logics of landscape
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite conceptual oscillations through times, the concept of landscape remains highly subjective, whereupon unraveling its 'logics' opens up to a plurality of interpretations. Accordingly, by focusing on the interconnections present in the non-haphazard production of landscape, this publication elaborates on how the rural landscape is valued, monitored, changed, harbored, used and misused, be it through actions, representations or metaphors. This book covers a broad range of topics, with contributions from scholars from more than 30 countries.
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| 6. |
- Skovsgaard, Jens Peter
(författare)
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Bog om tarmvridrøn
- 2013
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Ingår i: Skoven. - 0106-8539. ; 45, s. 551-551
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Book review N. Mayer & R.T. Klumpp (ed.) 2013: Elsbeere in Österreich – Monographie. Verein zur Erhaltung, Pflege und Vermarktung der Elsbeere - Genussregion Wiesenwienerwald Elsbeere, Michelbach.
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| 7. |
- Messing, Ingmar
(författare)
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Land and land use : Natural preconditions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Agriculture and Forestry in Sweden since 1900- a cartographic description. - 9789187760617 ; , s. 14-22
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Messing, Ingmar
(författare)
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Marken i Sverige : Naturliga förutsättningar
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sveriges nationalatlas. Jordbruk och skogsbruk i Sverige sedan år 1900: en kartografisk beskrivning. - 9789187760594 ; , s. 14-22
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Tunon, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Kulturarv och hållbar utveckling
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - : Föreningen Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834 .- 2002-3812. ; , s. 99–106-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Liljenström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Scoping Report on Socio-Economic and Land Use Dynamics in the Stockholm-Mälar Region
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This scoping report for the COMPLEX work package 4 (WP4) on Socio-Economic and Land Use Dynamics in the Stockholm-Mälar Region has several objectives. The first is to present and outline the state-of-the-art, including a literature review, with regard to complex pathways to a low carbon society, with special relevance to the Stockholm-Mälar region. It will do so in a larger context of complex socio-natural systems, with an emphasis on a green economy, bioen-ergy and land use, as well as on societal transformation and behavioural change. Another objec-tive is to inform primarily our partners in COMPLEX, but also others who might be interested, including stakeholders in our study region. Perhaps the most important objective with this re-port is to provide a basis for the collaborative work within our work package, and with our col-leagues elsewhere. In this second revised version of the report, we have extended some parts, and shortened others, depending on suggestions and interesting new information. A part of this new information has come from a stakeholder workshop held in Sigtuna in early 2014, which to a great extent could contribute to a more elaborate analysis of stakeholder and policy maker positions. In addition, there is now a more extensive description of relevant land use modelling. The illustrations included in this report are extracted from scientific articles and other material that we are referring to. Their origin is explicitly cited but no copyright authorization has been requested, while this report is intended primarily for internal spread and use within the COM-PLEX consortium and its networks.
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| 11. |
- Mattsson, Eskil, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of carbon stock and tree diversity of homegardens in a dry zone area of Moneragala District, Sri Lanka
- 2015
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Ingår i: Agroforestry Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1572-9680 .- 0167-4366. ; 89:3, s. 435-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homegarden agroforestry systems are suggested to hold a large potential for climate change mitigation and adaptation. This is due to their multifunctional role in providing income, food and ecosystem services while decreasing pressure on natural forests and hence saving and storing carbon. In this paper, above-ground biomass carbon and tree species diversity of trees was quantified in homegardens around two villages in the dry south-eastern part of Moneragala district of Sri Lanka. A total of 45 dry zone homegardens were sampled on size, diameter at breast height, tree height and species diversity. Using allometric equations, we find a mean above-ground biomass stock of 13 mega grams of carbon per hectare (Mg C ha−1) with a large range among homegardens (1–56 Mg C ha−1, n = 45) due to a variation of tree diversity and composition between individual homegardens. Mean above-ground carbon stock per unit area was higher in small homegardens (0.2 ha, 26 Mg C ha−1, n = 11) and statistically different compared to medium (0.4–0.8 ha, 9 Mg C ha−1, n = 27) and large (1.0–1.2 ha, 8 Mg C ha−1, n = 7) homegardens. In total, 4,278 trees were sampled and 70 tree species identified and recorded. The Shannon Wiener index were used to evaluate diversity per homegarden and ranged from 0.76 to 3.01 with a mean value of 2.05 ± 0.07 indicating a medium evenly distributed diversity of sampled tree species. The results show a vast heterogeneity in terms of carbon stock and tree diversity within the less studied dry zone homegardens; results that contribute to more knowledge of their expansion potential as well as climate mitigation and adaptation potential. The results are also useful for whether homegardens should be considered to be included as an activity to enhance natural forest cover within Sri Lanka’s newly commenced UN-REDD National Programme.
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| 12. |
- Thulin, Carl-Gustaf
(författare)
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Utsättning av arter : möjlighet för bevarandebiologin
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biodiverse. - 1401-5064. ; 15, s. 8-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ett halvöppet, lövträdsdominerat landskap med betande hjortdjur, visenter, förvildad nötboskap och vildsvin, jagade av livskraftiga populationer av varg, björn och lo. Utopier och vilda fantasier? Kanske i delar, men något håller definitivt på att hända med bevarandet, återskapandet och skötseln av de europeiska vildmarkerna
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| 13. |
- Norman, Johan
(författare)
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Skogen – en plats för upplevelser
- 2011
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Ingår i: Grön Entreprenör, Naturupplevelse och hälsa – forskningen visar vägen. - 9789157690364 ; , s. 62-75
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 14. |
- Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Nature-Based Therapeutic Interventions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Forests, Trees and Human Health. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 9789048198054 ; , s. 309-342
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
- Ahrné, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Tillstånd och trender för arter och deras livsmiljöer – rödlistade arter i Sverige 2015
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 2015 års upplaga av den svenska rödlistan är den fjärde i ordningen. Den är baserad på IUCN:s rödlistningskriterier och revideras vart femte år. I rödlistan bedöms risken som enskilda arter av djur, växter och svampar löper att försvinna från Sverige. Bedömningen utförs av ArtDatabankens medarbetare i samverkan med över 100 externa experter, indelade i 14 expertkommittéer för olika organismgrupper. Under arbetet med 2015 års rödlista har tillstånd och trender bedömts för 21 600 arter och 1 318 lägre taxa (apomiktiska arter, underarter och varieteter), sammanlagt ca 22 900 taxa. Av de bedömda arterna klassificerades 2 029 som hotade (kategorierna CR, EN och VU) och 4 273 som rödlistade (inkluderar även kategorierna NT, RE och DD). Förhållandet mellan antalet rödlistade och antalet bedömda arter ar 19,8 %, vilket är ungefär samma värde som 2010 och 2005. I denna rapport jämförs antalet och andelen rödlistade arter mellan olika organismgrupper, biotoper, substrat och påverkansfaktorer. Texten ar indelad i en allmän del och åtta kapitel inriktade på olika landskapstyper. Landskapstyperna utgör en grov indelning av landets miljöer enligt följande kategorier: Skog, Jordbrukslandskap, Urbana miljöer, Fjäll, Våtmarker, Sötvatten, Havsstränder och Havsmiljöer. Skogen och jordbrukslandskapet är de artrikaste landskapstyperna med 1 800 respektive 1 400 arter som har en stark anknytning dit, och ytterligare flera hundra arter som förekommer där mer sporadiskt. De faktorer som påverkar flest rödlistade arter i Sverige är skogsavverkning och igenväxning, som båda utgör ett hot mot vardera ca 30 % av de rödlistade arterna. Avverkning minskar arealen av skog där naturliga strukturer och naturlig dynamik upprätthålls, och den orsakar därmed förlust av livsmiljöer. Igenväxning orsakas av ett antal faktorer, bland annat upphörande hävd (bete och slåtter), gödsling, trädplantering och brist på naturliga störningsregimer som t.ex. regelbundna översvämningar kring vattendrag och sjöar. Andra viktiga påverkansfaktorer är fiske, torrläggning av våtmarker, tillbakagång hos värdarter (främst alm och ask som drabbats av invasiva svampsjukdomar), klimatförändringar och konkurrens från invasiva arter. IUCN:s rödlisteindex beräknas för ett urval av de bedömda organismgrupperna. Rödlisteindex visar att skillnaderna mellan rödlistorna från 2000, 2005, 2010 och 2015 är små. Ett par undantag finns dock. Groddjur och stora däggdjur har fått en något förbättrad situation sedan 2000. Totalt förefaller det ändå som att trycket mot Sveriges artstock har förblivit relativt konstant under de senaste 15 åren.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Benavent-Celma, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Current practices and emerging possibilities for reducing the spread of oomycete pathogens in terrestrial and aquatic production systems in the European Union
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Fungal Biology Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1749-4613 .- 1878-0253. ; 40, s. 19-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diseases caused by oomycete pathogens are a global threat to forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. Because of their complex life cycles, characterised by dormant resting structures that enable their survival for years under hostile environmental conditions, reducing the spread of oomycetes is a challenging task. In this review, we present an overview of this challenge, starting from the need to understand the natural and anthropogenic dispersal pathways of these pathogens. Focusing on the European Union, we explore current legislation that forms a backbone for biosecurity protocols against the spread of oomycetes through trade and transport. We discuss the options for prevention, containment and long-term management of oomycetes in different production settings, emphasising the importance of prevention as the most cost-efficient strategy to reduce the spread of these pathogens. Finally, we highlight some of the new and emerging technologies and strategies as potential tools in the integrated pest management of animal and plant diseases caused by oomycetes. We emphasise the urgency of actions to halt the global spread of these pathogens.
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| 18. |
- Ritter, Camila, et al.
(författare)
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Biodiversity assessments in the 21st century: The potential of insect traps to complement environmental samples for estimating eukaryotic and prokaryotic diversity using high-throughput DNA metabarcoding.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Genome. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 1480-3321 .- 0831-2796. ; 62:3, s. 147-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid loss of biodiversity, coupled with difficulties in species identification, call for innovative approaches to assess biodiversity. Insects make up a substantial proportion of extant diversity and play fundamental roles in any given ecosystem. To complement morphological species identification, new techniques such as metabarcoding make it possible to quantify insect diversity and insect-ecosystem interactions through DNA sequencing. Here we examine the potential of bulk insect samples (i.e., containing many non-sorted specimens) to assess prokaryote and eukaryote biodiversity and to complement the taxonomic coverage of soil samples. We sampled 25 sites on three continents and in various ecosystems, collecting insects with Slam-traps (Brazil) and Malaise-traps (South Africa and Sweden). We then compared our diversity estimates with the results obtained with biodiversity data from soil samples from the same localities. We found a largely different taxonomic composition between the soil and insect samples, testifying to the potential of bulk insect samples to complement soil samples. Finally, we found that non-destructive DNA extraction protocols, which preserve insect specimens for morphological studies, constitute a promising choice for cost-effective biodiversity assessments. We propose that the sampling and sequencing of insect samples should become a standard complement for biodiversity studies based on environmental DNA.
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| 19. |
- Jayasiri, Subashini C., et al.
(författare)
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The Faces of Fungi database: fungal names linked with morphology, phylogeny and human impacts
- 2015
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Ingår i: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 74:1, s. 3-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Taxonomic names are key links between various databases that store information on different organisms. Several global fungal nomenclural and taxonomic databases (notably Index Fungorum, Species Fungorum and MycoBank) can be sourced to find taxonomic details about fungi, while DNA sequence data can be sourced from NCBI, EBI and UNITE databases. Although the sequence data may be linked to a name, the quality of the metadata is variable and generally there is no corresponding link to images, descriptions or herbarium material. There is generally no way to establish the accuracy of the names in these genomic databases, other than whether the submission is from a reputable source. To tackle this problem, a new database (FacesofFungi), accessible at www.facesoffungi.org (FoF) has been established. This fungal database allows deposition of taxonomic data, phenotypic details and other useful data, which will enhance our current taxonomic understanding and ultimately enable mycologists to gain better and updated insights into the current fungal classification system. In addition, the database will also allow access to comprehensive metadata including descriptions of voucher and type specimens. This database is user-friendly, providing links and easy access between taxonomic ranks, with the classification system based primarily on molecular data (from the literature and via updated web-based phylogenetic trees), and to a lesser extent on morphological data when molecular data are unavailable. In FoF species are not only linked to the closest phylogenetic representatives, but also relevant data is provided, wherever available, on various applied aspects, such as ecological, industrial, quarantine and chemical uses. The data include the three main fungal groups (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Basal fungi) and fungus-like organisms. The FoF webpage is an output funded by the Mushroom Research Foundation which is an NGO with seven directors with mycological expertise. The webpage has 76 curators, and with the help of these specialists, FoF will provide an updated natural classification of the fungi, with illustrated accounts of species linked to molecular data. The present paper introduces the FoF database to the scientific community and briefly reviews some of the problems associated with classification and identification of the main fungal groups. The structure and use of the database is then explained. We would like to invite all mycologists to contribute to these web pages.
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| 20. |
- Salomon, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Evolutionary process of Hordeum brachyantherum 6x and related tetraploid species revealed by nuclear DNA sequences
- 2009
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Ingår i: Breeding Science. - : Japanese Society of Breeding. - 1344-7610 .- 1347-3735. ; 59, s. 611-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A hexaploid form of Hordeum brachlyantherum ssp. brachyantherum was discovered in California in 1980, and its origin has since been studied over the past three decades. We applied EF-G, a nuclear DNA sequence, to infer the parents of the hexaploid form. In polyploid taxa, amplified DNAs were cloned into a vector, and EF-G copies were amplified from the colonies by PCR and digested with restriction enzymes to separate different types. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the DNA sequences. The result showed that H. brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum 6x and 4x carried one identical DNA sequence of 910 bp, and had closely related DNA sequences of 931 bp. H. brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum 6x and H. marinum ssp. gussoneanum 2x shared one identical DNA sequence of 915 bp. From these results we hypothesized that H. brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum 6x has evolved by an outcrossing between H. marinum ssp. gussoneanum 2x and H. brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum 4x, followed by a chromosome doubling. Our results also indicate that H. marinum was involved in the polyploidization of H. secalinum, H. capense, and H. marinum. The origins of H. jubatum and H. depressum are discussed.
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| 21. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
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Protax-fungi: A web-based tool for probabilistic taxonomic placement of fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences
- 2018
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 220:2, s. 517-525
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 New Phytologist Trust. Incompleteness of reference sequence databases and unresolved taxonomic relationships complicates taxonomic placement of fungal sequences. We developed Protax-fungi, a general tool for taxonomic placement of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, and implemented it into the PlutoF platform of the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi. With empirical data on root- and wood-associated fungi, Protax-fungi reliably identified (with at least 90% identification probability) the majority of sequences to the order level but only around one-fifth of them to the species level, reflecting the current limited coverage of the databases. Protax-fungi outperformed the Sintax and Rdb classifiers in terms of increased accuracy and decreased calibration error when applied to data on mock communities representing species groups with poor sequence database coverage. We applied Protax-fungi to examine the internal consistencies of the Index Fungorum and UNITE databases. This revealed inconsistencies in the taxonomy database as well as mislabelling and sequence quality problems in the reference database. The according improvements were implemented in both databases. Protax-fungi provides a robust tool for performing statistically reliable identifications of fungi in spite of the incompleteness of extant reference sequence databases and unresolved taxonomic relationships.
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| 22. |
- Crous, P. W., et al.
(författare)
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Fusarium : more than a node or a foot-shaped basal cell
- 2021
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Ingår i: Studies in mycology. - : CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE. - 0166-0616 .- 1872-9797. ; :98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent publications have argued that there are potentially serious consequences for researchers in recognising distinct genera in the terminal fusarioid clade of the family Nectriaceae. Thus, an alternate hypothesis, namely a very broad concept of the genus Fusarium was proposed. In doing so, however, a significant body of data that supports distinct genera in Nectriaceae based on morphology, biology, and phylogeny is disregarded. A DNA phylogeny based on 19 orthologous protein-coding genes was presented to support a very broad concept of Fusarium at the F1 node in Nectriaceae. Here, we demonstrate that re-analyses of this dataset show that all 19 genes support the F3 node that represents Fusarium sensu stricto as defined by F. sambucinum (sexual morph synonym Gibberella pulicaris). The backbone of the phylogeny is resolved by the concatenated alignment, but only six of the 19 genes fully support the F1 node, representing the broad circumscription of Fusarium. Furthermore, a re-analysis of the concatenated dataset revealed alternate topologies in different phylogenetic algorithms, highlighting the deep divergence and unresolved placement of various Nectriaceae lineages proposed as members of Fusarium. Species of Fusarium s. str. are characterised by Gibberella sexual morphs, asexual morphs with thin- or thick-walled macroconidia that have variously shaped apical and basal cells, and trichothecene mycotoxin production, which separates them from other fusarioid genera. Here we show that the Wollenweber concept of Fusarium presently accounts for 20 segregate genera with clear-cut synapomorphic traits, and that fusarioid macroconidia represent a character that has been gained or lost multiple times throughout Nectriaceae. Thus, the very broad circumscription of Fusarium is blurry and without apparent synapomorphies, and does not include all genera with fusarium-like macroconidia, which are spread throughout Nectriaceae (e.g., Cosmosporella, Macroconia, Microcera). In this study four new genera are introduced, along with 18 new species and 16 new combinations. These names convey information about relationships, morphology, and ecological preference that would otherwise be lost in a broader definition of Fusarium. To assist users to correctly identify fusarioid genera and species, we introduce a new online identification database, Fusarioid-ID, accessible at www.fusarium.org. The database comprises partial sequences from multiple genes commonly used to identify fusarioid taxa (act1, CaM, his3, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub2, ITS, and LSU). In this paper, we also present a nomenclator of names that have been introduced in Fusarium up to January 2021 as well as their current status, types, and diagnostic DNA barcode data. In this study, researchers from 46 countries, representing taxonomists, plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, and students, strongly support the application and use of a more precisely delimited Fusarium (= Gibberella) concept to accommodate taxa from the robust monophyletic node F3 on the basis of a well-defined and unique combination of morphological and biochemical features. This F3 node includes, among others, species of the F. fujikuroi, F. incarnatum-equiseti, F. oxysporum, and F. sambucinum species complexes, but not species of Bisifusarium [F. dimerum species complex (SC)], Cyanonectria (F. buxicola SC), Geejayessia (F. staphyleae SC), Neocosmospora (F. solani SC) or Rectifusarium (F. ventricosum SC). The present study represents the first step to generating a new online monograph of Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera (www.fusarium.org).
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| 23. |
- Tedersoo, Leho, et al.
(författare)
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Novel soil-inhabiting clades fill gaps in the fungal tree of life
- 2017
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Ingår i: Microbiome. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2049-2618. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - Fungi are a diverse eukaryotic group of degraders, pathogens, and symbionts, with many lineages known only from DNA sequences in soil, sediments, air, and water. Results - We provide rough phylogenetic placement and principal niche analysis for >40 previously unrecognized fungal groups at the order and class level from global soil samples based on combined 18S (nSSU) and 28S (nLSU) rRNA gene sequences. Especially, Rozellomycota (Cryptomycota), Zygomycota s.lat, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota are rich in novel fungal lineages, most of which exhibit distinct preferences for climate and soil pH. Conclusions - This study uncovers the great phylogenetic richness of previously unrecognized order- to phylum-level fungal lineages. Most of these rare groups are distributed in different ecosystems of the world but exhibit distinct ecological preferences for climate or soil pH. Across the fungal kingdom, tropical and non-tropical habitats are equally likely to harbor novel groups. We advocate that a combination of traditional and high-throughput sequencing methods enable efficient recovery and phylogenetic placement of such unknown taxonomic groups.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Kahlert, Maria
(författare)
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Jämförande test av kiselalgers och bottenfaunas lämplighet som indikatorer för närsaltshalt och surhet inom miljömålsuppföljningen
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Data från 321 enskilda vattendrag med information om vattenkemi, kiselalger och bottenfauna sammanställdes och analyserades för att jämföra kiselalgers och bottenfaunas lämplighet som indikatorer på närsaltshalt och surhet inom miljömålsuppföljningen. Vad gäller surhet gav kiselalgsindexet en mer precis och pålitlig överrensstämmelse med uppmätta pH-halter (både årsmedel och lägsta pH under året) än bottenfaunaindexen. Kiselalgsindexet hade även en lägre mellanårsvariation som var starkare kopplad till variationen i pH. Vi fann inga regionala skillnader i bedömningen av surhet med något av indexen. Vad gäller bedömningen av närsalter var skillnaderna mellan de jämförda indexen mindre men kiselalgerna svarade i allmänhet något bättre mot de uppmätta halterna av närsalter än bottenfaunaindexen. Vid en jämförelse av bedömning av ekologisk status för vattendrag som klassats med båda bedömningsgrunderna ger bottenfaunan i genomsnitt en högre status än kiselalgerna, särskilt i södra Sverige. Kiselalgernas bedömning av ekologisk status korrelerade bättre än bottenfaunan med statusklassning av näringsämnen (totalfosfor) i vattendrag . Vi konstaterar att skillnaderna i bedömning av ekologisk status med avseende på näring behöver undersökas vidare men att för miljömålsuppföljningens syfte att hitta en väl fungerande och kostnadseffektiv biologisk indikator på vattenkemiska variabler som surhet och närsaltshalt så verkar kiselalger bättre lämpade än bottenfauna.
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