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1.	Aleksandrovskii, A. N., et al. (författare) Negative thermal expansion of fullerite C60 at helium temperatures 1997 Ingår i: Low temperature physics (Woodbury, N.Y., Print). - : AIP Publishing. - 1063-777X .- 1090-6517. ; 23:11, s. 943-946 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The thermal expansion of fullerite C60 has been measured in the temperature range 2–9 K. A compacted fullerite sample with a diameter of about 6 mm and height of 2.4 mm was used. It was found that at temperatures below ~ 3.4 K the linear thermal expansion coefficient becomes negative. At temperatures above 5 K our results are in good agreement with the available literature data. A qualitative explanation of the results is proposed
2.	Aleksandrovskii, A. N., et al. (författare) Thermal expansion of single-crystal fullerite C60 at helium temperatures 2000 Ingår i: Low temperature physics (Woodbury, N.Y., Print). - : AIP Publishing. - 1063-777X .- 1090-6517. ; 26:1, s. 75-80 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The thermal expansion of single-crystal fullerite C60 has been studied in the range of liquid-helium temperatures (2–10 K). At temperatures below ~4.5 K the thermal expansion of fullerite C60 becomes negative, in agreement with the previous results on polycrystalline materials. A qualitative explanation of the results is proposed.
3.	Andersson, Ove, et al. (författare) Reorientational relaxation in C60 following a pressure induced change in the pentagon/hexagon equilibrium ratio 1995 Ingår i: Physics Letters A. - : Elsevier Science B.V.. - 0375-9601 .- 1873-2429. ; 206:3-4, s. 260-264 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The orientational structure of C60 depends on pressure and temperature. Pressurization below the glass transition temperature Tg can freeze in non-equilibrium orientational structures. The relaxation of such structures on heating through Tg has been studied through thermal conductivity measurements and the effects observed are explained in a simple model.
4.	Lundin, Anders, et al. (författare) Compressibility and Structure of C70 1995 Ingår i: Europhysics letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 0295-5075 .- 1286-4854. ; 30:8, s. 469-474 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The compressibility of C70 has been investigated by means of direct piston and cylinder measurements in the temperature range 150 to 365 K and up to 1 GPa. At 296 and 343 K we find a very rapid change of volume with pressure below 0.15 GPa. We tentatively interpret this as a continuous molecular reorientation with pressure, probably resulting in a transformation from a mixture of face-centred cubic (f.c.c.) and rhombohedral (r.h.) phases to mainly pure r.h. phase. At 365 K as well as at 236 K and below we see no anomalies indicating any structural or rotational anomalies in the pressure range investigated. The zero-pressure bulk modulus decreases with increasing temperature, from 13.1 GPa at 185 K to 7.9 GPa at 365 K. Our volumetric measurements confirm a recently proposed phase diagram for C70.
5.	Lundin, Anders, et al. (författare) Compressibility of C61D2 up to 1 GPa in the temperature range 175 - 345 K 1996 Ingår i: Carbon. - : Elsevier Science Ltd.. - 0008-6223 .- 1873-3891. ; 34:9, s. 1119-1121 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We have measured the bulk modulus K for C61D2 up to 1 GPa in the temperature range 175–343 K. For face-centered cubic C61D2 above 290 K, we find an anomalously low value for K below about 0.15 GPa, possibly indicating pressure-induced changes in the structure. The (extrapolated) zero-p bulk modulus K(0) decreases with increasing T from 6.7 GPa at 175 K to 5.2 GPa at 343 K. A comparison with hypothetical expanded f.c.c. C60 with the same lattice constant shows that K(0) values are similar, indicating that the main intermolecular interactions are still between molecular bellies, not the sidegroups.
6.	Nagel, Peter, et al. (författare) C60 one- and two-dimensional polymers, dimers, and hard fullerite: Thermal expansion, anharmonicity, and kinetics of depolymerization 1999 Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 60:24, s. 16920-16927 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We report on high-resolution thermal expansion measurements of high-temperature-pressure treated C60 [one-dimensional (1D) and (2D) polymers and “hard fullerite”], as well as of C60 dimers and single crystal monomer C60 between 10 and 500 K. Polymerization drastically reduces the thermal expansivity from the values of monomeric C60 due to the stronger and less anharmonic covalent bonds between molecules. The expansivity of the “hard” material approaches that of diamond. The large and irreversible volume change upon depolymerization between 400 and 500 K makes it possible to study the kinetics of depolymerization, which is described excellently by a simple activated process, with activation energies of 1.9±0.1 eV (1D and 2D polymers) and 1.75±0.05 eV (dimer). Although the activation energies are very similar for the different polymers, the depolymerization rates differ by up to four orders of magnitude at a given temperature, being fastest for the dimers. Preliminary kinetic data of C70 polymers are presented as well.
7.	Persson, Per-Axel, et al. (författare) NMR and Raman characterization of pressure polymerized C-60 1996 Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 258:5-6, s. 540-546 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Bulk C60 has been treated at 1.1 GPa and 550–585 K, producing a dense insoluble material which on heating to above 600 K reverts to normal C60. Raman and IR studies on modified material show a large number of new lines, and the Raman pentagon pinch mode shifts from 1469 to 1458 cm−1 as on photopolymerization. MAS NMR shows one broadened line at the original C60 shift 144 ppm and a small peak at about 77 ppm due to the bridging carbons. None of the new resonances observed for C60 polymerized by other methods were observed. The results verify previously suggested polymeric structures where the fullerence cages are connected by four-membered rings.
8.	Persson, Per-Axel, et al. (författare) The physical properties of high-pressure polymerized C60 1997 Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, volume 58, issue 11. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; 58:11, s. 1881-1885 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract We have studied the structural, thermophysical, and spectroscopic properties of polymeric C60 obtained by high pressure treatment at pressures and temperatures near 1 GPa and 600 K. We present here a brief overview of our results for the structural and thermophysical properties and a more detailed report on recent results obtained by Raman spectroscopy on both thin films, polycrystalline, and single crystal material. The results presented include a comparison between Raman results for photopolymerized and pressure polymerized thin films and a preliminary estimate of the binding energy of polymeric C60.
9.	Rammer, Jörgen, 1952- (författare) Quantum field theory of non-equilibrium states 2007 Bok (refereegranskat)
10.	Sing, M., et al. (författare) Electronic structure studies of pressure-polymerized C60 1999 Ingår i: Synthetic Metals vol. 103. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; 103:1-3, s. 2454-2455 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract We have investigated the electronic structure of one and two-dimensional C60 polymers with regard to both their low-lying excitations and C 1s excitation spectra by means of electron energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission. We compare the results with those for pristine C60. In general, the spectra for the polymers resemble those for pristine C60 but show a broadening due to both the lowering of the symmetry and the increased intermolecular overlap. This is also reflected by a reduction of the optical gap in comparison with pristine C60.
11.	Soldatov, Alexander, et al. (författare) Molecular rotation in C70 at high pressures: a thermal conductivity study 1996 Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - : Elsevier Science Ltd. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 57:9, s. 1371-1375 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We have measured the thermal conductivity ε and the heat capacity per unit volume varrhocp of highly pure C70 in the temperature interval 100–450 K under pressures up to 1 GPa. Anomalies indicating freezing of uniaxial molecular rotation were observed in λ and varrhocp upon both cooling and increasing pressure. The phase boundary for this transition has an approximate slope dT/dp = 70 K Gpa−1. The temperature and pressure dependence of λ indicate a substantial amount of structural defects in the sample and strong metastability effects.
12.	Soldatov, Alexander, et al. (författare) Polymeric fullerenes: from C60 to C70 1999 Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings vol. 486. - Melville, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 1563969009 ; , s. 12-15 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract For the first time polymerization of both powder and single crystals of C70 fullerene was established after their subjection to high pressure (1.1 - 2 GPa) at elevated temperature (500 - 580 K). High-resolution capacitance dilatometry, FTIR/Raman spectroscopy and thermal conductivity were employed to characterise the polymeric phase of C70. The results demonstrate drastic changes in the physical properties of C70 on polymerization. We report on a reverse transformation to the monomeric state on heating the polymer to 500 K at ambient pressure. The activation energy of depolymerization was determined to be 1.8(1) eV. We discuss our results in terms of existing structural models for polymerization of C70 and compare the physical properties of C70 and C60 polymers.
13.	Soldatov, Alexander, et al. (författare) Transport and vibrational properties of pressure polymerized C60 1998 Ingår i: Molecular Materials (Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Section C), vol. 11. - Amsterdam : Overseas Publishers Association. ; 11:1-2, s. 1-6 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The vibrational spectrum of polycrystalline C60 polymerized at 1.1 GPa and 585 K was studied by inelastic neutron scattering. We find drastic changes in the spectrum compared to the vibrational spectrum of pristine C60: the appearance of a new, broad vibrational band at low energies, and splitting and significant changes in the peak positions of various modes. The thermal conductivity lambda of polymerized C60 was measured in the temperature range 150-320 K and was found to increase with a rise in temperature, which reflects strong phonon scattering. A high degree of structural disorder in the crystalline lattice of the polymeric phase is most probably responsible for the glass-like beahviour of lambda(T).
14.	Sundqvist, Bertil, et al. (författare) Phase diagram, structure, and disorder in C60 below 300 K and 1 GPa 1995 Ingår i: Solid State Communications. - : Elsevier Science Ltd. - 0038-1098 .- 1879-2766. ; 93:2, s. 109-112 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Earlier structural studies have shown that the pentagon-to-hexagon orientation ratio in the orientationally ordered simple cubic phase of C60 decreases under pressure. From anomalies observed in the compressibility and thermal conductivity of C60 under pressure we have deduced a pressure-temperature phase diagram for this substance in the range below 300 K and 1 GPa (10 kbar). We conclude that C60 forms a new, completely “hexagon” ordered structural phase above about 0.6 GPa at 150 K (1.2 GPa at 300 K), and that the glass transition shifts upwards in T under pressure by 54 K GPa−1. However, above 0.1 GPa, pentagon-to-hexagon orientation relaxation seems to occur on heating at an almost pressure independent temperature near 100 K.
15.	Sundqvist, Bertil, et al. (författare) Structural and physical properties of pressure polymerized C60 1998 Ingår i: Carbon, vol. 36 issue 5-6. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; 36:5-6, s. 657-660 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract We discuss the structural and dynamic properties of C60 polymerized under low-P, low-T conditions, and suggest that the disordered mixed orthorhombic-tetragonal-rhombohedral phases produced under these conditions arise from nucleation of molecular chains in random directions because of the quasi-free molecular rotation under standard reaction conditions in the fcc phase of C60. Polymerization in He gives results qualitatively different from those obtained in other media.
16.	Wågberg, Thomas, et al. (författare) 2D polymerization and doping of fullerenes under pressure 2000 Ingår i: High Pressure Research vol. 18. - : Gordon & Breach. ; 18:1-6, s. 139-143 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Tetragonal polymeric C60 has been studied by Raman spectroscopy and other methods. Attempts have been made to transform samples from the tetragonal to the orthorhom-bic phase and vice versa. The results suggest that the transformation is direct with no intermediate stage with free molecules. Tetragonal C60 has also been intercalated by potassium metal.
17.	Andersson, Ole, et al. (författare) Device-independent certification of two bits of randomness from one entangled bit and Gisin's elegant Bell inequality 2018 Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 97:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We prove that as conjectured by Acín et al. [Phys. Rev. A 93, 040102(R) (2016)], two bits of randomness can be certified in a device-independent way from one bit of entanglement using the maximal quantum violation of Gisin's elegant Bell inequality. This suggests a surprising connection between maximal entanglement, complete sets of mutually unbiased bases, and elements of symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures, on one side, and the optimal way of certifying maximal randomness, on the other.
18.	Giangreco Marotta Puletti, Valentina, 1980- (författare) On string integrability : A journey through the two-dimensional hidden symmetries in the AdS/CFT dualities 2009 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract One of the main topics in the modern String Theory are the conjectured string/gauge (AdS/CFT) dualities. Proving such conjectures is extremely difficult since the gauge and string theory perturbative regimes do not overlap. In this perspective, the discovery of infinitely many conserved charges, i.e. the integrability, in the planar AdS/CFT has allowed us to reach immense progresses in understanding and confirming the duality.The first part of this thesis is focused on the gravity side of the AdS5/CFT4 duality: we investigate the quantum integrability of the type IIB superstring on AdS5 x S5. In the pure spinor formulation we analyze the operator algebra by computing the operator product expansion of the Maurer-Cartan currents at the leading order in perturbation theory. With the same approach at one loop order, we show the path-independence of the monodromy matrix which implies the charge conservation law, strongly supporting the quantum integrability of the string sigma-model. We also verify that the Lax pair field strength remains well-defined at one-loop order being free from UV divergences. The same string sigma-model is analyzed in the Green-Schwarz formalism in the near-flat-space (NFS) limit. Such a limit remarkably simplifies the string world-sheet action but still leaving interesting physics. We use the NFS truncation to show the factorization of the world-sheet S-matrix at one-loop order. This property defines a two-dimensional field theory as integrable: it is the manifestation of the higher conserved charges. Hence, we have explicitly checked their presence at quantum level. The second part is dedicated to the AdS4/CFT3 duality: in particular the type IIA superstring on AdS4 x CP3. We compute the leading quantum corrections to the string energies for string configurations with a large but yet finite angular momentum on CP3 and show that they match the conjectured all-loop Bethe Ansatz equations.
19.	Fan, Qunping, 1989, et al. (författare) Over 14% efficiency all-polymer solar cells enabled by a low bandgap polymer acceptor with low energy loss and efficient charge separation 2020 Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 13:12, s. 5017-5027 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Obtaining both high open-circuit voltage (V-oc) and short-circuit current density (J(sc)) has been a major challenge for efficient all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, we developed a polymer acceptor PF5-Y5 with excellent optical absorption capability (onset extending to similar to 880 nm and maximum absorption coefficient exceeding 105 cm(-1) in a film), high electron mobility (3.18 x 10(3) cm(2) V-1 s(-1)) and high LUMO level (-3.84 eV) to address such a challenge. As a result, the PBDB-T:PF5-Y5-based all-PSCs achieved a high power conversion efficiency of up to 14.45% with both a high Voc (0.946 V) and a high Jsc (20.65 mA cm(-2)), due to the high and broad absorption coverage, small energy loss (0.57 eV) and efficient charge separation and transport in the device, which are among the best values in the all-PSC field. In addition, the all-PSC shows a similar to 15% improvement in PCE compared to its counterpart small molecule acceptor (Y5)-based device. Our results suggest that PF5-Y5 is a very promising polymer acceptor candidate for applications in efficient all-PSCs.
20.	Azimi Mousolou, Vahid, 1982- (författare) Quantum Holonomy for Many-Body Systems and Quantum Computation 2013 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The research of this Ph. D. thesis is in the field of Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. A key problem in this field is the fragile nature of quantum states. This be comes increasingly acute when the number of quantum bits (qubits) grows in order to perform large quantum computations. It has been proposed that geometric (Berry) phases may be a useful tool to overcome this problem, because of the inherent robustness of such phases to random noise. In the thesis we investigate geometric phases and quantum holonomies (matrix-valued geometric phases) in many-body quantum systems, and elucidate the relationship between these phases and the quantum correlations present in the systems. An overall goal of the project is to assess the feasibility of using geometric phases and quantum holonomies to build robust quantum gates, and investigate their behavior when the size of a quantum system grows, thereby gaining insights into large-scale quantum computation. In a first project we study the Uhlmann holonomy of quantum states for hydrogen-like atoms. We try to get into a physical interpretation of this geometric concept by analyzing its relation with quantum correlations in the system, as well as by comparing it with different types of geometric phases such as the standard pure state geometric phase, Wilczek-Zee holonomy, Lévay geometric phase and mixed-state geometric phases. In a second project we establish a unifying connection between the geometric phase and the geometric measure of entanglement in a generic many-body system, which provides a universal approach to the study of quantum critical phenomena. This approach can be tested experimentally in an interferometry setup, where the geometric measure of entanglement yields the visibility of the interference fringes, whereas the geometric phase describes the phase shifts. In a third project we propose a scheme to implement universal non-adiabatic holonomic quantum gates, which can be realized in novel nano-engineered systems such as quantum dots, molecular magnets, optical lattices and topological insulators. In a fourth project we propose an experimentally feasible approach based on “orange slice” shaped paths to realize non- Abelian geometric phases, which can be used particularly for geometric manipulation of qubits. Finally, we provide a physical setting for realizing non-Abelian off-diagonal geometric phases. The proposed setting can be implemented in a cyclic chain of four qubits with controllable nearest-neighbor interactions. Our proposal seems to be within reach in various nano-engineered systems and therefore opens up for first experimental test of the non-Abelian off-diagonal geometric phase.
21.	Castelain, Mickaël, et al. (författare) Fast uncoiling kinetics of F1C pili expressed by uropathogenic Escherichia coli are revealed on a single pilus level using force-measuring optical tweezers 2011 Ingår i: European Biophysics Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0175-7571 .- 1432-1017. ; 40:3, s. 305-316 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) expressvarious kinds of organelles, so-called pili or fimbriae, thatmediate adhesion to host tissue in the urinary tract throughspecific receptor-adhesin interactions. The biomechanicalproperties of these pili have been considered important forthe ability of bacteria to withstand shear forces from rinsingurine flows. Force-measuring optical tweezers have beenused to characterize individual organelles of F1C typeexpressed by UPEC bacteria with respect to such properties.Qualitatively, the force-versus-elongation response wasfound to be similar to that of other types of helix-like piliexpressed by UPEC, i.e., type 1, P, and S, with force-inducedelongation in three regions, one of which represents theimportant uncoiling mechanism of the helix-like quaternarystructure. Quantitatively, the steady-state uncoiling forcewas assessed as 26.4 ±1.4 pN, which is similar to those ofother pili (which range from 21 pN for SI to 30 pN for type 1).The corner velocity for dynamic response (1,400 nm/s) wasfound to be larger than those of the other pili (400–700 nm/sfor S and P pili, and 6 nm/s for type 1). The kinetics werefound to be faster, with a thermal opening rate of 17 Hz, afew times higher than S and P pili, and three orders ofmagnitude higher than type 1. These data suggest that F1Cpili are, like P and S pili, evolutionarily selected to primarilywithstand the conditions expressed in the upper urinary tract.
22.	Klacar, Simon, 1984 (författare) Chemical Properties of Oxidized Silver - A Density Functional Theory Study 2011 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
23.	Sjöqvist, Erik, et al. (författare) Conceptual aspects of geometric quantum computation 2016 Ingår i: Quantum Information Processing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-0755 .- 1573-1332. ; 15:10, s. 3995-4011 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Geometric quantum computation is the idea that geometric phases can be used to implement quantum gates, i.e., the basic elements of the Boolean network that forms a quantum computer. Although originally thought to be limited to adiabatic evolution, controlled by slowly changing parameters, this form of quantum computation can as well be realized at high speed by using nonadiabatic schemes. Recent advances in quantum gate technology have allowed for experimental demonstrations of different types of geometric gates in adiabatic and nonadiabatic evolution. Here, we address some conceptual issues that arise in the realizations of geometric gates. We examine the appearance of dynamical phases in quantum evolution and point out that not all dynamical phases need to be compensated for in geometric quantum computation. We delineate the relation between Abelian and non-Abelian geometric gates, and find an explicit physical example where the two types of gates coincide. We identify differencies and similarities between adiabatic and nonadiabatic realizations of quantum computation based on non-Abelian geometric phases.
24.	Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Thermophysical Properties (ECTP-11), Umeå, Sweden, 13-16 June 1988 1989 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
25.	Winter, Johannes, et al. (författare) Charge transfer in alkali-metal-doped polymeric fullerenes 1996 Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 54, s. 17486-17492 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present room-temperature Raman measurements of pressure-polymerized C60 and compare them with the spectra of RbC60 in the orthorhombic phase. Although both materials were prepared according to two completely different routes the spectra show a surprising similarity with respect to mode positions and line splitting. We concluded from this that both materials, the uncharged pressure-polymerized C60 and the rubidium-doped orthorhombic compound, have the same overall structure and the AC60 compounds can be considered as the doped species of the C60, polymerized using moderate low pressure and high temperatures. From a detailed comparison between both spectra mode shifting and line broadening as a consequence of the charge transfer was determined and electron-phonon coupling constants were estimated for the high-frequency Hg(7) and Hg(8) modes. The low values for the coupling constants compared to the ones in the K3C60 can explain the lack of superconductivity in the AC60 compounds.
26.	Sefer, Birhan, 1983-, et al. (författare) Chemical Milling of Cast Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo Alloys in Hydrofluoric-Nitric Acid Solutions 2017 Ingår i: Corrosion. - : Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP). - 0010-9312 .- 1938-159X. ; 73:4, s. 394-407 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The behavior of cast Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo during chemical milling in hydrofluoric-nitric (HF-HNO3) acid solutions with 1:3 and 1:11 molar ratios was investigated using electrochemical and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Faster corrosion rate in 1:3 solutions was measured for Ti-6Al-4V than for Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, whereas in 1:11 solution Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo exhibited higher corrosion rate. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements revealed difference in the Volta potential between the α-laths and the β-layers in the Widmansttäten microstructure indicating operation of microgalvanic cells between the microconstituents when in contact with HF-HNO3 solution. The AFM topography measurements demonstrated faster corrosion of the α-laths compared to the β-layers, in both alloys. In 1:3 solutions, higher α/β height difference was measured in Ti-6Al-4V, whereas in 1:11 solution, the difference was higher in Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo. The results revealed that the chemical milling behavior of the two investigated alloys is controlled by the microscopic corrosion behavior of the individual microconstituents.
27.	Zhao, K., et al. (författare) CLOSELY-LOCATED MIMO ANTENNAS OF TRI-BAND FOR WLAN MOBILE TERMINAL APPLICATIONS 2010 Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 24:2-3, s. 363-371 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A closely-located MIMO antennas of tri-band with an inter-PIFA (Planner Inverted-F Antenna) spacing of only 20mm is proposed for WLAN mobile terminal applications. Two L-shaped slots etched on each PIFA are introduced appropriately to achieve high isolation at higher frequencies and tri-band property. The MIMO antenna can operate in the bands of 2.4-2.4812 GHz, 5.07-5.4 GHz and 5.64-6.61 GHz, and the mutual couplings are less than -16.5 dB, -27 dB and -23 dB, respectively. Radiation pattern, gain and efficiency are also measured. Our designed antenna has the advantages of closely-located structure, tri-band, high isolation, small variation of gain and high efficiency.
28.	Wirsenius, Stefan, 1963, et al. (författare) How much land is needed for global food production under scenarios of dietary changes and livestock productivity increases in 2030? 2010 Ingår i: Agricultural Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2267 .- 0308-521X. ; 103:9, s. 621-638 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Growing global population figures and per-capita incomes imply an increase in food demand and pressure to expand agricultural land. Agricultural expansion into natural ecosystems affects biodiversity and leads to substantial carbon dioxide emissions.Considerable attention has been paid to prospects for increasing food availability, and limiting agricultural expansion, through higher yields on cropland. In contrast, prospects for efficiency improvements in the entire food-chain and dietary changes toward less land-demanding food have not been explored as extensively. In this study, we present model-based scenarios of global agricultural land use in 2030, as a basis for investigating the potential for land-minimized growth of world food supply through: (i) faster growth in feed-to-food efficiency in animal food production; (ii) decreased food wastage; and (iii) dietary changes in favor of vegetable food and less land-demanding meat. The scenarios are based in part on projections of global food agriculture for 2030 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO. The scenario calculations were carried out by means of a physical model of the global food and agriculture system that calculates the land area and crops/pasture production necessary to provide for a given level of food consumption.In the reference scenario - developed to represent the FAO projections - global agricultural area expands from the current 5.1. billion ha to 5.4. billion. ha in 2030. In the faster-yet-feasible livestock productivity growth scenario, global agricultural land use decreases to 4.8. billion. ha. In a third scenario, combining the higher productivity growth with a substitution of pork and/or poultry for 20% of ruminant meat, land use drops further, to 4.4. billion. ha. In a fourth scenario, applied mainly to high-income regions, that assumes a minor transition towards vegetarian food (25% decrease in meat consumption) and a somewhat lower food wastage rate, land use in these regions decreases further, by about 15%. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
29.	Surpi, Alessandro, et al. (författare) Localised modifications of anatase TiO2 thin films by a Focused Ion Beam 2010 Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X .- 1872-9584. ; 268:19, s. 3142-3146 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A Focused Ion Beam (FIB) has been used to implant micrometer-sized areas of polycrystalline anatase TiO2 thin films with Ga+ ions using fluencies from 10(15) to 10(17) ions/cm(2). The evolution of the surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition, the chemical modifications of the surface were followed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The implanted areas show a noticeable change in surface morphology as compared to the as-deposited surface. The surface loses its grainy morphology to gradually become a smooth surface with a RMS roughness of less than 1 nm for the highest ion fluence used. The surface recession or depth of the irradiated area increases with ion fluence, but the rate with which the depth increases changes at around 5 x 10(16) ions/cm(2). Comparison with implantation of a pre-irradiated surface indicates that the initial surface morphology may have a large effect on the surface recession rate. Detailed analysis of the XPS spectra shows that the oxidation state of Ti and O apparently does not change, whereas the implanted gallium exists in an oxidation state related to Ga2O3.
30.	Azar, Christian, 1969, et al. (författare) Low carbon dioxide emissions and no nuclear power - towards a renewable energy system in Sweden and the world 2001 Ingår i: Building Sustainable Energy Systems - Swedish Experiences, S. Silveira (Ed.) (Swedish National Energy Administration). ; , s. 445-474 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
31.	Azar, Christian, 1969 (författare) The cost of reducing CO2 emissions 2010 Ingår i: Climatic Change - Science and Policy. (Eds) Stephen H. Schneider, Rosencranz, A., Mastrandrea, M.D., and Kuntz-Duriseti, K., Island Press, Washington.. - 9781597265676 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
32.	Azar, Christian, 1969, et al. (författare) The feasibility of low CO2 concentration targets and the role of bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) 2010 Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-1480 .- 0165-0009. ; 100:1, s. 195-202 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC 1992) calls for stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. We use three global energy system models to investigate the technological and economic attainability of meeting CO2 concentration targets below current levels. Our scenario studies reveal that while energy portfolios from a broad range of energy technologies are needed to attain low concentrations, negative emission technologies-e.g., biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)-significantly enhances the possibility to meet low concentration targets (at around 350 ppm CO2).
33.	Sadigh, B., et al. (författare) Scalable parallel Monte Carlo algorithm for atomistic simulations of precipitation in alloys 2012 Ingår i: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 85:18 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present an extension of the semi-grand-canonical (SGC) ensemble that we refer to as the variance-constrained semi-grand-canonical (VC-SGC) ensemble. It allows for transmutation Monte Carlo simulations of multicomponent systems in multiphase regions of the phase diagram and lends itself to scalable simulations on massively parallel platforms. By combining transmutation moves with molecular dynamics steps, structural relaxations and thermal vibrations in realistic alloys can be taken into account. In this way, we construct a robust and efficient simulation technique that is ideally suited for large-scale simulations of precipitation in multicomponent systems in the presence of structural disorder. To illustrate the algorithm introduced in this work, we study the precipitation of Cu in nanocrystalline Fe.
34.	Fritioff, T., et al. (författare) Purification of radioactive neutron-rich argon beams using an ion source in charge breeding mode 2006 Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 556:1, s. 31-37 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Measurements of nuclear properties of some neutron-rich asymmetric fission isotopes at an ISOL laboratory present a severe problem when a plasma ion source is used as the primary ion-source. The problem is associated with intense multi-charged symmetric fission contaminants that cannot be mass-separated from asymmetric fission products. In this work we demonstrate how this problem can be overcome on-line by using an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) as a charge-breeding secondary ion-source. Mixed Ar+/Kr2+/Xe3+ radioactive beams from an plasma ion-source were injected into the PHOENIX ECRIS that currently is installed at the ISOLDE facility at CERN in order to improve the ratio of Ar to the background contaminants of Kr and Xe. The signal to noise ratio was improved by more than two orders of magnitude after charge-breeding and mass-separation of the Ar8+, Ar9+ beams. The information on the decay of the Ar-48 nucleus obtained in these tests is useful for a better understanding of the origin of the Ca-48/Ca-46 meteorite isotopic anomaly. Potential applications of the method are discussed.
35.	Baek, Seung Ki, 1979-, et al. (författare) Curvature-induced frustration in the XY model on hyperbolic surfaces 2009 Ingår i: Physical Review E - Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. - 1539-3755. ; 79:6, s. 060106(R)- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We study low-temperature properties of the XY spin model on a negatively curved surface. Geometric curvature of the surface gives rise to frustration in local spin configuration, which results in the formation of high-energy spin clusters scattered over the system. Asymptotic behavior of the spin-glass susceptibility suggests a zero-temperature glass transition, which is attributed to multiple optimal configurations of spin clusters due to nonzero surface curvature of the system. It implies that a constant ferromagnetic spin interaction on a regular lattice can exhibit glasslike behavior without possessing any disorder if the lattice is put on top of a negatively curved space such as a hyperbolic surface.
36.	Grandell, Leena, et al. (författare) Energy Return on Investment for Norwegian Oil and Gas from 1991 to 2008 2011 Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 3:11, s. 2050-2070 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Norwegian oil and gas fields are relatively new and of high quality, which has led, during recent decades, to very high profitability both financially and in terms of energy production. One useful measure for profitability is Energy Return on Investment, EROI. Our analysis shows that EROI for Norwegian petroleum production ranged from 44:1 in the early 1990s to a maximum of 59:1 in 1996, to about 40:1 in the latter half of the last decade. To compare globally, only very few, if any, resources show such favorable EROI values as those found in the Norwegian oil and gas sector. However, the declining trend in recent years is most likely due to ageing of the fields whereas varying drilling intensity might have a smaller impact on the net energy gain of the fields. We expect the EROI of Norwegian oil and gas production to deteriorate further as the fields become older. More energy-intensive production techniques will gain in importance.
37.	Höök, Mikael, 1982- (författare) Future coal production outlooks in the IPCC Emission Scenarios : Are they plausible? 2011 Ingår i: Energy and Environment. - 0958-305X .- 2048-4070. ; 22:7, s. 837-858 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Anthropogenic climate change caused by CO2 emissions is strongly linked to the future energy production, specifically coal. The Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) contains 40 scenarios for future fossil fuel production and is used by the IPCC to assess future climate change. This study examines the SRES coal production outlooks. Fundamental assumptions regarding coal availability and production in SRES was also compared with recent studies on reasonable future production outlooks. It was found that SRES puts unreasonable expectation on just a few countries. Is it reasonable to expect that China, already accounting for 46% of the global output, would increase their production by a factor of 8 over the next 90 years, as implied by certain SRES scenarios? It is concluded that SRES is underpinned by a paradigm of perpetual growth and technological optimism as well as old and outdated resource estimates. This has resulted in overoptimistic production outlooks.
38.	Svedberg, Christopher (författare) Future Stability of the Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar Field System 2011 Ingår i: Annales de l'Institute Henri Poincare. Physique theorique. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1424-0637 .- 1424-0661. ; 12:5, s. 849-917 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ringstrom managed (in Invent Math 173(1):123-208, 2008) to prove future stability of solutions to Einstein's field equations when matter consists of a scalar field with a potential creating an accelerated expansion. This was done for a quite wide class of spatially homogeneous space-times. The methods he used should be applicable also when other kinds of matter fields are added to the stress-energy tensor. This article addresses the question whether we can obtain stability results similar to those Ringstrom obtained if we add an electromagnetic field to the matter content. Before this question can be addressed, more general properties concerning Einstein's field equation coupled to a scalar field and an electromagnetic field have to be settled. The most important of these questions are the existence of a maximal globally hyperbolic development and the Cauchy stability of solutions to the initial value problem.
39.	Höök, Mikael, 1982-, et al. (författare) Descriptive and predictive growth curves in energy system analysis 2011 Ingår i: Natural Resources Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-7439 .- 1573-8981. ; 20:2, s. 103-116 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study reviews a variety of growth curve models and the theoretical frameworks that lay behind them. In many systems, growth patterns are, or must, ultimately be subjected to some form of limitation. A number of curve models have been developed to describe and predict such behaviours. Symmetric growth curves have frequently been used for forecasting fossil fuel production, but others have expressed a need for more flexible and asymmetric models. A number of examples show differences and applications of various growth curve models. It is concluded that these growth curve models can be utilised as forecasting tools, but are do not necessarily provide better predictions than any other method. Consequently, growth curve models and other forecasting methods should be used together to provide a triangulated forecast. Furthermore, the growth curve methodology offers a simple tool for resource management to determine what might happen to future production if resource availability poses a problem. In the light of peak oil and the awareness of natural resources as a basis for the continued well-being of society and mankind, resource management should be an important factor in future social planning.
40.	Abat, E., et al. (författare) Photon reconstruction in the ATLAS Inner Detector and Liquid Argon Barrel Calorimeter at the 2004 Combined Test Beam 2011 Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The reconstruction of photons in the ATLAS detector is studied with data taken during the 2004 Combined Test Beam, where a full slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to beams of particles of known energy at the CERN SPS. The results presented show significant differences in the longitudinal development of the electromagnetic shower between converted and unconverted photons as well as in the total measured energy. The potential to use the reconstructed converted photons as a means to precisely map the material of the tracker in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter is also considered. All results obtained are compared with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation of the test-beam setup which is based on the same simulation and reconstruction tools as those used for the ATLAS detector itself.
41.	Fredlund, Tobias, et al. (författare) Towards addressing transient learning challenges in undergraduate physics: An example from electrostatics 2015 Ingår i: European journal of physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0143-0807 .- 1361-6404. ; 36:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article we characterize transient learning challenges as learning challenges that arise out of teaching situations rather than conflicts with prior knowledge. We propose that these learning challenges can be identified by paying careful attention to the representations that students produce. Once a transient learning challenge has been identified, teachers can create interventions to address it. By illustration, we argue that an appropriate way to design such interventions is to create variation around the disciplinary-relevant aspects associated with the transient learning challenge.References:Bowden J and Marton F 1998 The University of Learning: Beyond Quality and Competence in Higher Education (London: Kogan Page)Chen Z and Gladding G 2014 How to make a good animation: a grounded cognition model of how visual representation design affects the construction of abstract physics knowledge Phys. Rev. ST— Phys. Educ. Res. 10 010111Coppens P, De Cock M and Kautz C 2012 Student understanding of filters in analog electronics lab courses Proc. 40th Ann. Proc. SEFI Conf. (Thessaloniki, Greece)Cummings K 2011 A developmental history of physics education research The Second Committee Meeting on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research (http://sites.nationalacademies.org/xpedio/groups/dbassesite/documents/webpage/ dbasse_072580.pdf)Domert D, Linder C and Ingerman Å 2005 Probability as a conceptual hurdle to understanding one- dimensional quantum scattering and tunnelling Eur. J. Phys. 26 47–59Driver R and Erickson G 1983 Theories-in-action: some theoretical and empirical issues in the study of students’ conceptual frameworks in science Stud. Sci. Educ. 10 37–60Fraser J M, Timan A L, Miller K, Dowd J E, Tucker L and Mazur E 2014 Teaching and physics education research: bridging the gap Rep. Prog. Phys. 77 1–17Fredlund, T, Airey, J and Linder, C (2012) Exploring the role of physics representations: an illustrative example from students sharing knowledge about refraction. Eur. J. Phys. 33, 657–66Fredlund, T, Airey, J and Linder, C (2015) Enhancing the possibilities for learning: variation of disciplinary-relevant aspects in physics representations. Eur. J. Phys. 36, 055001Hammer D 2000 Student resources for learning introductory physics Phys. Educ. Res., Am. J. Phys. Suppl. 68 52–9Helm H and Novak J D (ed) 1983 Proc. Int. Seminar on Misconceptions in Science and Mathematics (Ithaca, NY: Department of Education, Cornell University)Heron P R L and Hazelton R 2013 Interpreting students’ errors: examples from electrostatics Proc. ESERA 2013 (Nicosia, Cyprus) pp 82–9Ingerman Å, Berge M and Booth S 2009a Physics group work in a phenomenographic perspective— learning dynamics as the experience of variation and relevance Eur. J. Eng. Educ. 34 349–58Ingerman Å, Linder C and Marshall D 2009b The learners’ experience of variation: following students’ threads of learning physics in computer simulation sessions Instr. Sci. 37 273–92Khan Academy 2014 Electric potential at a point in space (www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/ physical-processes/electrostatics-1/v/electric-potential-at-a-point-in-space)Knight R D 2002 Five Easy Lessons: Strategies for Successful Physics Teaching (San Fransisco: Addison-Wesley)Marton F 2015 Necessary Conditions of Learning (New York: Routledge)Marton F and Booth S 1997 Learning and Awareness (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates)Marton F and Pang M F 2006 On some necessary conditions of learning J. Learn. Sci. 15 193–220Marton F and Tsui A B M 2004 Classroom Discourse and the Space of Learning (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates)McDermott L C 1991 Millikan lecture 1990: what we teach and what is learned–closing the gap Am. J. Phys. 59 301–15McDermott L C and Redish E F 1999 Resource letter PER-1: physics education research Am. J. Phys. 67 755–67McDermott L C and Shaffer P S 2002 Tutorials in Introductory Physics 1st edn (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall)Nordling C and Österman J 2006 Physics Handbook: for Science and Engineering (Lund: Studentlitteratur)Planinic M 2006 Assessment of difficulties of some conceptual areas from electricity and magnetism using the conceptual survey of electricity and magnetism Am. J. Phys. 74 1143–8Prather E E, Rudolph A L, Brissenden G and Schlingman W M 2009 A national study assessing the teaching and learning of introductory astronomy: I. The effect of interactive instruction Am. J. Phys. 77 320–30Reif F 2008 Applying Cognitive Science to Education: Thinking and Learning in Scientific and Other Complex Domains (Cambridge: MIT Press)Reif F and Larkin J H 1991 Cognition in scientific and everyday domains: comparison and learning implications J. Res. Sci. Teach. 28 733–60Roth W-M and McGinn M K 1998 Inscriptions: toward a theory of representing as social practice Rev. Educ. Res. 68 35–59Sayre E C and Heckler A F 2009 Peaks and decays of student knowledge in an introductory E&M course Phys. Rev. ST—Phys. Educ. Res. 5 013101Tao P-K and Gunstone R F 1999 The process of conceptual change in force and motion during computer-supported physics instruction J. Res. Sci. Teach. 36 859–82Tuminaro J and Redish E F 2007 Elements of a cognitive model of physics problem solving: epistemic games Phys. Rev. ST—Phys. Educ. Res. 3 020201Viennot L 2001 Reasoning in Physics: the Part of Common Sense (Dordrecht: Kluwer Publishers) Young H D and Freedman R A 2004 University Physics with Modern Physics (San Francisco: Pearson)
42.	Rocha, Luis E C, 1981- (författare) Exploring patterns of empirical networks 2011 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract We are constantly struggling to understand how nature works, trying to identify recurrent events and looking for analogies and relations between objects or individuals. Knowing patterns of behavior is powerful and fundamental for survival of any species. In this thesis, datasets of diverse systems related to transportation, economics, sexual and social contacts, are characterized by using the formalisms of time series and network theory. Part of the results consists on the collection and analyzes of original network data, the rest focuses on the simulation of dynamical processes on these networks and to study how they are affected by the particular structures. The majority of the thesis is about temporal networks, i.e. networks whose structure changes in time. The new temporal dimension reveals structural dynamical properties that help to understand the feedback mechanisms responsible to make the network structure to adapt and to understand the emergence and inhibition of diverse phenomena in dynamic systems, as epidemics in sexual and contact networks.
43.	Lindwall, Katrin, 1959-, et al. (författare) Maker Tour - Mot nya höjder : Make IT flow, del 2 2018 Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Utmaningarna är en del av projektet Maker tour - Mot nya höjder ( tidigare Mot nya höjder). Projektets mål är att öka intresset för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik bland skolelever.Läs gärna mer på http://motnyahojder.com/
44.	Lindwall, Katrin, 1959-, et al. (författare) Maker tour: mot nya höjder : make space HT-19 2019 Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Utmaningarna är en del av projektet Maker tour - Mot nya höjder (tidigare Mot nya höjder). Projektets mål är att öka intresset för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik bland skolelever.
45.	Lindwall, Katrin, 1959-, et al. (författare) Maker tour: mot nya höjder : make IT shine HT-18 2018 Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Utmaningarna är en del av projektet Maker tour - Mot nya höjder (tidigare Mot nya höjder). Projektets mål är att öka intresset för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik bland skolelever.
46.	Lindwall, Katrin, 1959-, et al. (författare) Mot nya höjder : Make IT happen våren 2016 2016 Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Utmaningarna är en del av projektet Mot nya höjder ( från 2018 Maker tour - Mot nya höjder). Projektets mål är att öka intresset för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik bland skolelever.Läs gärna mer på www.motnyahojder.com
47.	Tyrberg, Barbro, et al. (författare) Mot nya höjder : Make it taste (Make it move) 2017 Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Utmaningarna är en del av projektet Mot nya höjder. Projektets mål är att öka intresset för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik bland skolelever.
48.	Shiu, Jin-Yu, 1978, et al. (författare) DC and microwave performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs passivated with sputtered SiNx 2007 Ingår i: Semicronductor Science and Technology. ; 22, s. 717-721 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The effects of sputtered and room temperature plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (RT-PECVD) SiNx passivation on the dc and microwave performance of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)are studied. The pulsed I–V characteristics from a class B quiescent bias point and transient measurements indicate that the sputtered SiNx passivation is more efficient in suppressing lag effects in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Dispersion-free sputtered SiNx passivated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were obtained using this technique. Continuous-wave (CW) measurements without active cooling give a maximum output power density of 6.6 W mm−1 at Vgs=−4 V, Vds = 50 V and a maximum power added efficiency of 51.3% at Vgs=−4 V, Vds = 30 V at 3 GHz on 2 × 50 μmAlGaN/GaN HEMTs on the sapphire substrate, with a gate length of 2 μm and without field-plated gates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest level power density reported on the sapphire substrate without field-plate design. The extrinsic cut-off frequency ( ft) and maximumoscillation frequency ( fmax) are 51 GHz and 100 GHz, respectively, on 2 × 50 × 0.15 μm HEMTs. To our knowledge, the sputtered SiNx passivation for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is a unique technique, which has never beenpublished before.
49.	Costa, Luciano da F, et al. (författare) Analyzing and modeling real-world phenomena with complex networks: a survey of applications 2011 Ingår i: Advances in Physics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-8732 .- 1460-6976. ; 60:3, s. 329-412 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The success of new scientific areas can be assessed by their potential in contributing to new theoretical approaches and in applications to real-world problems. Complex networks have fared extremely well in both of these aspects, with their sound theoretical basis being developed over the years and with a variety of applications. In this survey, we analyze the applications of complex networks to real-world problems and data, with emphasis in representation, analysis and modeling. A diversity of phenomena are surveyed, which may be classified into no less than 11 areas, providing a clear indication of the impact of the field of complex networks.
50.	Onipko, Alexander, et al. (författare) Tunneling through a tilted tight-binding sand 2002 Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 960, s. 143-152 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the single-band approximation, an explicit expression of the exponential factor, that governs tunneling through a thin crystal subjected to a constant electric field, is derived. The basic features of Wannier-Stark, Airy, and intermediate type of quantization, as they are displayed in the transmission spectrum and hence in tunneling current, are thus described analytically.

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