| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign is an ominous prognostic marker despite optimal workflow.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 122, s. 132-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abul-Kasim K, Brizzi M, Petersson J. Hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign is an ominous prognostic marker despite optimal workflow. Acta Neurol Scand: DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01277.x. (c) 2009 The Authors Journal compilation (c) 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard.Objectives - To evaluate the association between the hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) and the functional outcome on one hand, and different predictors such as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), infarct size, ASPECTS Score, intracerebral hemorrhage, and mortality on the other hand. Material and methods - Retrospective analysis of 120 patients with MCA-stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis. We tested the association between HMCAS and NIHSS, infarct volume, ASPECTS, outcome, level of consciousness, different recorded time intervals, and the day/time of admission. Results - Seventy-four percentage of patients treated with thrombolysis developed cerebral infarction. All patients with HMCAS (n = 39) sustained infarction and only 31% showed favorable outcome compared with 62% and 60%, respectively among patients without HMCAS (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002). There was statistically significant association between functional outcome and HMCAS (P = 0.002), infarct volume, NIHSS, and ASPECTS (P < 0.001). The time to treatment was 12 min shorter in patients who developed infarction (P = 0.037). Independent predictors for outcome were NIHSS and the occurrence of cerebral infarction on computed tomography for the whole study population, and infarct volume for patients who sustained cerebral infarction. Conclusions - Despite optimal workflow, patients with HMCAS showed poor outcome after intravenous thrombolysis. The results emphasize the urgent need for more effective revascularization therapies and neuroprotective treatment in this subgroup of stroke patients.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlgren, Cecilia, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple sclerosis incidence in the era of measles-mumps-rubella mass vaccinations.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 119:5, s. 313-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Viral childhood infections may be involved in the multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Following national Swedish vaccination programs, measles sharply declined in the 1970s, and measles, mumps, and rubella were virtually eliminated in cohorts born from 1981. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether the vaccination induced reduction in these infections influences the MS incidence. In addition, the public health aspect justified an early evaluation of beneficial as well as harmful effects of mass vaccinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From an incidence material of 534 MS patients, born 1959-1990, we selected one unvaccinated cohort and four cohorts, each corresponding to a vaccination program (MS patients = 251). RESULTS: With the ability to detect a decrease by 30-35%, and an increase by 37-48% in the MS incidence in the first three cohorts, we found no vaccination related MS incidence changes. The background MS incidence showed a significant gradual age dependent increase. CONCLUSIONS: While the present follow-up provided limited power in the last cohort, there is no evidence as yet that the radical decline in three viral infections influenced the MS incidence. However, the increasing background MS incidence of unknown cause may have concealed a reduction in MS risk associated with mass vaccinations.
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| 5. |
- Ahnlide, Jan Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Ictal SPECT in clinical perisylvian syndrome.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 109:4, s. 280-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Aked, Joseph, et al.
(författare)
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Completeness of case ascertainment in Swedish hospital-based stroke registers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 141:2, s. 148-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a worldwide development toward using data from hospital-based stroke registers to estimate epidemiological trends. However, incomplete case ascertainment may cause selection bias. We examined the completeness of case ascertainment and selection bias in two hospital-based Swedish stroke registers. Methods: First-ever stroke cases between March 2015 and February 2016 in the catchment area of Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, were included from multiple overlapping sources: two hospital-based stroke registers, Riksstroke-Lund and Lund Stroke Register (LSR); local outpatient and inpatient registers; primary care registers; and autopsy registers. The resulting population-based cohort was used as reference to assess completeness of case ascertainment and patient characteristics in Riksstroke-Lund and LSR. Results: In total, 400 stroke patients were identified. Riksstroke-Lund detected 328 (82%) patients, whereas LSR detected 363 (91%). Patients undetected by hospital-based registers had higher 28-day case fatality than those detected (44% vs 9%; P =.001). Patients only detected in primary care (n = 11) more often lived in healthcare facilities compared with those detected by hospital-based registers (57% vs 7%; P =.001). Patients not detected by Riksstroke-Lund, but detected by population-based sources, had less severe strokes (median NIHSS 3 vs 5; P =.013). Conclusions: Some first-ever stroke patients, such as those with high early case fatality and those with mild stroke, may go undetected with hospital-based screening used in clinical stroke registers. This can result in selection bias due to not identifying specific groups of patients including some with high early case fatality and those living in healthcare facilities.
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| 7. |
- Alfstad, K Å, et al.
(författare)
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Acute postoperative seizures after epilepsy surgery : a long-term outcome predictor?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 123:1, s. 48-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The prognostic value of acute postoperative seizures (APS) after epilepsy surgery is much debated. This study evaluated APS, defined as seizures in the first week post-surgery, as a predictor of long-term seizure outcome, and investigated the utility of other potential outcome predictors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 48 patients with temporal and extra-temporal epilepsy surgery were studied. Forty patients had lesional surgery. All had at least 2 year postoperative follow-up.RESULTS: At 2 year follow-up, 25 patients (53%) were seizure free. Univariate analysis showed that APS (P = 0.048), using ≥ six AEDs prior to surgery (P = 0.03), pathological postoperative EEG (P = 0.043) and female gender (P = 0.012) were associated with seizure recurrence.CONCLUSIONS: Univariate analysis indicate that APS, a high number of AEDs used prior to surgery, and pathological postoperative EEG are possible predictors of seizure recurrence after epilepsy surgery. Only gender retained significance in the multivariate analysis.
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| 8. |
- ALGOTSSON, A, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
- 1995
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 91:1, s. 14-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Almkvist, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective working and declarative memory in dementia and normal aging
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 140:2, s. 140-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Subjective memory complaints are common in both elderly individuals and patients with dementia. This study investigated the power of subjective memory, divided into declarative and working memory, to differentiate between patients with dementia and normal elderly individuals.Method: Two groups of participants, patients with dementia (n = 117) and normal elderly individuals (n = 117), individually matched with regard to age, gender, and education. All subjects had participated in the third wave of the HUNT population health survey in Nord-Trondelag County in Norway and completed the Meta-Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) in the HUNT study. The MMQ was subdivided into two components, one associated with declarative memory (episodic and semantic) and the other with working memory.Results: Patients with dementia reported significantly more subjective memory concerns than normal elderly individuals. The difference between working and declarative memory components was significantly greater in patients with dementia than in normal elderly individuals. This finding made it possible to differentiate patients with dementia from the normal elderly individuals. Mental and somatic health conditions did not significantly add power to differentiating the two groups.Conclusion: In clinical and research applications, subjective memory components could contribute to differentiation of patients with dementia and normal elderly individuals by using self-reported impairment in working memory, rather than declarative memory.
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| 14. |
- Alonso Magdalena, Lucia, et al.
(författare)
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Anticipation of age at onset in multiple sclerosis: methodologic pitfalls
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 121:6, s. 426-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/aim - There are several reports that claim anticipation in complex or polygenic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Crohn disease or schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to assess age at onset of MS during the last 60 years in the region of Costa de Ponent (Barcelona, Spain) showing how apparent changes in age at onset between generations can be an artefact of analysis based on cohorts that have not been followed enough time. Methods - The study comprised 1100 patients diagnosed of MS. The method used to correct for follow-up time bias involves constructing comparison cohorts that had been observed for the same amount of time. To ensure equal follow-up times, we restricted our analysis to patients whose onset was by 37 years of age (percentile 75) and were at least 37 years old. We analysed differences in age at onset using log-rank test to compare survival curves estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results - Age at onset decreases progressively from older to younger generations. However, when adjustment to equal follow-up time was done, anticipation in age at onset was not found. Conclusion - Anticipation of age at onset is undetectable when adjusted for follow-up time.
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| 15. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Increased CSF/serum albumin ratio: a recurrent finding in violent offenders.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 112:1, s. 48-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/ serum albumin ratios are increased in violent offenders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a previous study of violent offenders, we found significantly higher CSF/serum album ratios (as a sign of increased blood-brain barrier permeability) in violent offenders than in healthy controls. For the present replication study, we recruited a new group of 28 violent offenders, aged 45 years or younger, and 20 new control subjects. RESULTS: The albumin ratio was again significantly higher in the offender group (mean 6.2) than in the control group (mean 4.6) (P = 0.012). Substance abuse or current medication did not appear to explain this finding. CONCLUSION: Increased CSF/serum albumin ratios are an unspecific sign of neurological dysfunction in subgroups of violent offenders.
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| 16. |
- Anckarsäter, Rolf, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid protein reactions during non-neurological surgery.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 115:4, s. 254-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein markers of blood-CSF barrier integrity and immunological reactions during surgical stress. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients without neurological or psychiatric disorders undergoing knee replacements had CSF and serum samples drawn from spinal and arterial catheters before, 3 h after and the morning after surgery. RESULTS: Serum albumin decreased during surgery and CSF albumin decreased during and after surgery, and, as a consequence, the CSF/serum albumin ratio decreased significantly during the study period, especially after the intervention. In contrast, CSF concentrations of beta-2-microglobuline (beta2M) increased significantly during surgery and remained high. The CSF general marker beta-trace protein (betaTP) remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Central nervous system protein reactions to a non-neurological surgical intervention include sharply decreased permeability of albumin into the CSF and signs of intrathecal inflammatory activity.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Andersen, Oluf, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Diffusion tensor imaging in multiple sclerosis at different final outcomes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 137:2, s. 165-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:Methods to evaluate the relative contributions of demyelination vs axonal degeneration over the long-term course of MS are urgently needed. We used magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to estimate degrees of demyelination and axonal degeneration in the corpus callosum (CC) in cases of MS with different final outcomes.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We determined DTI measures mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), and axial (AD) and radial (RD) diffusivities in the CC of 31 MS patients, of whom 13 presented a secondary progressive course, 11 a non-progressive course, and seven a monophasic course. The study participants were survivors from an incidence cohort of 254 attack-onset MS patients with 50 years of longitudinal follow-up. As reference, we included five healthy individuals without significant morbidity.RESULTS:In patients with secondary progression, compared to all other groups, the corpus callosum showed increased RD and reduced FA, but no change in AD. None of the parameters exhibited differences among non-progressive and monophasic course groups and controls.CONCLUSION:Increased RD was observed in secondary progressive MS, indicating significant myelin loss. Normal RD values observed in the clinically isolated syndrome and non-progressive groups confirm their benign nature. AD was not a characterizing parameter for long-term outcome. Demyelination revealed by increased RD is a distinguishing trait for secondary progression.
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| 19. |
- Andersen, Oluf, 1941
(författare)
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From the Gothenburg cohort to the Swedish multiple sclerosis registry
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 126, s. 13-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An overview of prevalence and incidence studies performed in Swedish centres is provided, showing improving coverage and methodology, notably the development in Gothenburg of the representative incidence cohort design. A common database for major Swedish centres was established in 1995, implementing the terminology of predictors from the Gothenburg cohort. By 2001, these databases were merged into the web-based national multiple sclerosis (MS) registry, which has had an ever-increasing coverage, although with still moderate data density. The registry now contains records on 13,000 Swedish patients with MS. It has the status of a national quality registry and exerts nation-wide pharmacological surveillance. In addition, it has been, and is being, used in nearly 100 scientific studies, including large epidemiological and genetic projects.
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| 20. |
- Andersen, Oluf, 1941
(författare)
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MS and infections - Abandoned and surviving hypotheses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314. ; 136:S201, s. 4-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this introduction, we follow the ups and downs of infections in MS pathogenesis. Our arguments focus on specific agents and events, not referring to general MS epidemiology. The historical approach continues on to contemporary data and a critical analysis.
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| 21. |
- Andersen, Oluf, 1941
(författare)
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Nordic MS Epidemiology. Introduction.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 132:S199, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Andersson Hagiwara, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A shorter system delay for haemorrhagic stroke than ischaemic stroke among patients who use emergency medical service
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 137:5, s. 523-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesWe compare various aspects in the early chain of care among patients with haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic stroke. Materials & methodsThe Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and nine emergency hospitals, each with a stroke unit, were included. All patients hospitalised with a first and a final diagnosis of stroke between 15 December 2010 and 15 April 2011 were included. The primary endpoint was the system delay (from call to the EMS until diagnosis). Secondary endpoints were: (i) use of the EMS, (ii) delay from symptom onset until call to the EMS; (iii) priority at the dispatch centre; (iv) priority by the EMS; and (v) suspicion of stroke by the EMS nurse and physician on admission to hospital. ResultsOf 1336 patients, 172 (13%) had a haemorrhagic stroke. The delay from call to the EMS until diagnosis was significantly shorter in haemorrhagic stroke. The patient's decision time was significantly shorter in haemorrhagic stroke. The priority level at the dispatch centre did not differ between the two groups, whereas the EMS nurse gave a significantly higher priority to patients with haemorrhage. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to the suspicion of stroke either by the EMS nurse or by the physician on admission to hospital. ConclusionsPatients with a haemorrhagic stroke differed from other stroke patients with a more frequent and rapid activation of EMS.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Kennet, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of CSF dynamics with oscillating pressure infusion
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 128:1, s. 17-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Infusion tests are used to diagnose and select patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) for shunt surgery. The test characterizes cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and estimates parameters of the cerebrospinal fluid system, the pressure-volume index (PVI) and the outflow conductance (Cout). The Oscillating Pressure Infusion (OPI) method was developed to improve the test and reduce the investigation time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the new OPI method by comparing it with an established reference method. Methods Forty-seven patients (age 71.2 +/- 8.9years) with communicating hydrocephalus underwent a preoperative lumbar infusion investigation with two consecutive infusion protocols, reference (42min) and new (20min), that is, 94 infusion tests in total. The OPI method estimated Cout and PVI simultaneously. A real-time analysis of reliability was applied to investigate the possibility of infusion time reduction. Results The difference in Cout between the methods was 1.2 +/- 1.8l/s/kPa (Rout=-0.8 +/- 3.5mmHg/ml/min), P<0.05, n=47. With the reliability analysis, the preset 20min of active infusion could have been even further reduced for 19 patients to between 10 and 19min. PVI was estimated to 16.1 +/- 6.9ml, n=47. Conclusions The novel Oscillating Pressure Infusion method produced real-time estimates of Cout including estimates of reliability that was in good agreement with the reference method and allows for a reduced and individualized investigation time.
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| 24. |
- Andersson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Valproic acid and socioeconomic associations in Swedish women with epilepsy 2010-2015
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 143:4, s. 383-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective We investigated the correlation between socioeconomic status and the prescription of Valproic acid (VPA) in women of fertile age in Sweden. Methods This is a registered-based cohort study including all women living in Sweden aged 18-45 years in the years 2010-2015, with a diagnosis of epilepsy and no intellectual disability (n = 9143). Data were collected from the National Patient Register, the Drug Prescription Register, and the Longitudinal integration database for health insurance and labor market studies (LISA). Results Women with only 9 years of school were more often prescribed VPA than women with a University degree (12.9% compared to 10.7% in 2015 [p = 0.015]). Similar differences were seen between the lowest and highest income group (16.6% compared to 12.7% in 2015 [p < 0.001]). The odds of having a VPA prescription in 2015 was 1.59 (p < 0.001) in women with 9 years of school compared to women with a University degree, and 1.60 (p < 0.001) in the lowest income group relative to the highest income group after adjusting for age. From 2010 to 2015, the proportion with VPA prescription in the whole cohort diminished with an absolute reduction of -2.2% (p < 0.001). The decrease was similar among the different education and income groups (p = 0.919 and p = 0.280). Significance The results indicate that the increased knowledge on VPA teratogenicity was implemented across socioeconomic strata in the Swedish healthcare system. Women with lower income or education level remained more frequent VPA users. Whether this difference reflects epilepsy type or severity, or socioeconomic disparities, merit further study.
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| 25. |
- Andgren, S, et al.
(författare)
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Time delay between symptom and surgery in patients with carotid artery stenosis.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 124, s. 329-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Andgren S, Sjöberg L, Norrving B, Lindgren A. Time delay between symptom and surgery in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Acta Neurol Scand: DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01478.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives - Many severe strokes are preceded by warning signs such as a transient ischemic attack or stroke with minor deficits. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) of a symptomatic carotid artery stenosis can prevent future strokes, but should be performed within 2 weeks after the initial symptom to maximize the benefit. The aim of this study was to determine the time delays between symptom and CEA. Methods- We performed a single center observational retrospective study at a tertiary stroke center. A total of 142 carotids in 139 patients with symptomatic stenoses between 2002 and 2006 were included. The main outcome measure was time between qualifying cerebrovascular symptom and CEA. Results - The median time between symptom and CEA was 26 days. The longest delays were between the last diagnostic examination and carotid conference, and between carotid conference and surgery. The median time was shorter for those who received emergency medical care (median 21 days) and for those who were admitted immediately to hospital (median 20 days). Conclusions - The time between symptom and surgery is often longer than desirable. There are several measures to improve the chain of procedures for patients with carotid artery stenosis. These may include omitting the formal carotid conference for uncomplicated cases and minimizing waiting time for surgery.
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| 26. |
- Andreasen, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of total-tau, phospho-tau and A beta 42 predicts development of Alzheimer's disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314. ; 179, s. 47-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical diagnostic markers may be valuable to help in the diagnosis early in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in the phase before clinically overt dementia, i.e. in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We studied 44 patients with MCI who, at 1-year follow-up investigation, had progressed to AD with dementia, and 32 controls. Three CSF biomarkers related to the central pathogenic processes in AD were analysed, including CSF total-tau (T-tau) (as a marker for neuronal degeneration), CSF phospho-tau (P-tau) (as a marker for hyperphosphorylation of tau and possibly for the formation of neurofibrillary tangles), and CSF A beta 42 (as a marker for A beta metabolism, and possibly for the formation of senile plaques). At baseline, 35/44 (79.5%) of the MCI patients had high CSF T-tau, 31/44 (70.4%) high CSF P-tau, while 34/44 (77.3%) had low CSF-A beta 42 levels. The positive likelihood ratio was 8.45 for CSF T-tau, 7.49 for CSF P-tau and 8.20 for CSF A beta 42. These findings suggest that these CSF-markers are abnormal before the onset of clinical dementia, and that they may help to identify MCI patients that will progress to AD. CSF diagnostic markers will be especially important when drugs with potential effects on the progression of AD (e.g. gamma-secretase inhibitors) will reach the clinical phase.
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| 27. |
- Antonsson, Malin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Post-surgical effects on language in patients with presumed low-grade glioma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 137:5, s. 469-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a slow-growing brain tumour often situated in or near areas involved in language and/or cognitive functions. Thus, language impairments due to tumour growth or surgical resection are obvious risks. We aimed to investigate language outcome following surgery in patients with presumed LGG, using a comprehensive and sensitive language assessment. Materials and methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients with presumed LGG were assessed preoperative, early post-operative, and 3 months post-operative using sensitive tests including lexical retrieval, language comprehension and high-level language. The patients’ preoperative language ability was compared with a reference group, but also with performance at post-operative controls. Further, the association between tumour location and language performance pre-and post-operatively was explored. Results: Before surgery, the patients with presumed LGG performed worse on tests of lexical retrieval when compared to a reference group (BNT: LGG-group median 52, Reference-group median 54, P = .002; Animals: LGG-group mean 21.0, Reference-group mean 25, P = 001; Verbs: LGG-group mean 17.3, Reference-group mean 21.4, P = .001). At early post-operative assessment, we observed a decline in all language tests, whereas at 3 months there was only a decline on a single test of lexical retrieval (Animals: preoperative. median 20, post-op median 14, P = .001). The highest proportion of language impairment was found in the group with a tumour in language-eloquent areas at all time-points. Conclusions: Although many patients with a tumour in the left hemisphere deteriorated in their language function directly after surgery, their prognosis for recovery was good.
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| 28. |
- Apostolaki-Hansson, Trine, et al.
(författare)
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Patient factors associated with receiving reversal therapy in oral anticoagulant-related intracerebral hemorrhage
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 146:5, s. 590-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to describe baseline characteristics of patients with oral anticoagulant-related intracerebral hemorrhage (OAC-ICH) in Sweden and to identify predictive variables associated with receiving hemostatic treatment in the event of OAC-ICH. Methods: We performed an observational study based on data from Riksstroke and the Swedish Causes of Death Register to define baseline characteristics of patients with OAC-ICH who received reversal treatment compared with patients who did not receive reversal treatment during 2017–2019. Predictive analysis was performed using multivariable logistic regression to identify odds ratios for factors associated with receiving OAC reversal treatment. Results: We included 1902 patients ((n = 1146; OAC reversal treatment) (n = 756; no OAC reversal treatment)). The proportion of non-Vitamin K oral anticoagulant associated ICH (NOAC-ICH) patients who received reversal treatment was 48.4% and the proportion of Vitamin K antagonist-associated ICH (VKA-ICH) patients was 72.9%. Factors associated with a lower odds of receiving reversal treatment were increased age (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96–0.99), previous stroke (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–0.98), comatose LOC (OR = 0.36;95%CI: 0.27–0.48; ref. = alert), pre-stroke dependency (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58–0.91), and NOAC treatment (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.28–0.42). Care at a university hospital was not associated with higher odds of receiving reversal treatment compared to treatment at a county hospital. Conclusion: Treatment with a reversal agent following OAC-ICH was related to several patient factors including type of OAC drug. We identified that only 48% of patients with NOAC-ICH received hemostatic treatment despite an increase in these cases. Further studies are required to guide the use of reversal therapies more precisely, particularly in NOAC-ICH.
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| 29. |
- Apostolaki-Hansson, Trine, et al.
(författare)
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Prognosis for intracerebral hemorrhage during ongoing oral anticoagulant treatment
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 139:5, s. 415-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most serious adverse effect of treatment with oral anticoagulants. Prognostic data after ICH associated with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are sparse. We compared 90-day survival and functional outcome following NOAC-ICH versus VKA-ICH using data from the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke). Methods: Using data from Riksstroke and the Swedish Causes of Death Register between 2012 and 2016, we compared all-cause 90-day mortality for patients with NOAC-ICH versus VKA-ICH using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test. Cox regression, with adjustment for age, sex, previous stroke, and level of consciousness (LOC) on admission, was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for 90-day mortality. Estimated functional outcome at 90 days, based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), was compared between VKA- and NOAC-associated ICH using chi-squared test. Results: We included 2483 patients; 300 with NOAC-ICH and 2183 with VKA-ICH. In both groups, mean age was 79 years, and 58% were male. No significant difference between NOAC-ICH and VKA-ICH was found for all-cause 90-day mortality (44.3% NOAC-ICH versus 42.6% VKA-ICH; P = 0.54, HR = 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-1.12) or 90-day estimated functional outcome (mRS 0-2:13.7% and 15.3%; mRS 3-5:27.3% and 28.9%, respectively (P = 0.52)). Factors predicting death were increased age (HR = 1.03; 95%CI: 1.02-1.04) and reduced LOC (drowsy: HR = 3.48; 95%CI: 2.86-4.23; comatose: HR = 12.27; 95%CI: 10.13-14.87). Conclusion: In this large study on anticoagulant-associated ICH, we found no significant difference in mortality and functional outcome at 90 days between NOAC-ICH versus VKA-ICH.
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| 30. |
- Appelros, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A review on sex differences in stroke treatment and outcome
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 121:6, s. 359-369
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - Beyond epidemiological differences, it has been controversial whether any important sex differences exist in the treatment of stroke. In this review paper, the following areas are covered: thrombolysis, stroke unit care, secondary prevention, surgical treatment, and rehabilitation. Additionally, symptoms at stroke onset, as well as outcome measures, such as death, dependency, stroke recurrence, quality of life, and depression are reviewed. Methods - Search in PubMed, tables-of-contents, review articles, and reference lists after studies that include information about sex differences in stroke care. Results - Ninety papers are included in this review. Women suffer more from cortical and non-traditional symptoms. Men and women benefit equally from thrombolysis and stroke unit care. Women with cardioembolic strokes may benefit more from anticoagulant therapy. Most studies have not found any tendency towards sexism in the choice of treatment. Post-stroke depression and low quality-of-life seem to be more common among women. Mortality rates are higher among men in some studies, while long-term ADL-dependency seems to be more common among women. Conclusions - Sex differences in stroke treatment and outcome are small, with no unequivocal proof of sex discrimination. Women have less favourable functional outcome because of higher age at stroke onset and more severe strokes.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Appelros, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Stroke prevalence in a medium-sized Swedish municipality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 143:2, s. 210-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Many patients who have had stroke survive with functional disability for years. Stroke prevalence is a fundamental measure of the impact of stroke in society. Stroke prevalence has never been evaluated in Sweden.MATERIALS & METHODS: 2019 with respect to stroke survivors (ICD-10 I60-I69) living in Kumla (population 21,738), a municipality well representative of Sweden.RESULTS: 330 individuals with stroke were found, of which 42% were women. The mean age was 74.1 years in men and 75.1 years in women. 11.5% of the patients had more than one stroke. The mean duration since the first stroke was 8.3 years. The crude prevalence per 100,000 was 1754 in men, 1281 in women and 1518 in both sexes. Adjusted to the European population, the ratio was 1570 per 100,000, and to the World population 936 per 100,000.CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a declining stroke incidence in Sweden, the stroke prevalence in Kumla, Sweden, is relatively high. Comparisons with other studies indicate that a decline in prevalence may have occurred since the early 2000s. Modern registers can support data collection, but the index stroke may have occurred almost forty years back in time.
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| 36. |
- Appelros, P., et al.
(författare)
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Ten-year risk for myocardial infarction in patients with first-ever stroke : a community-based study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 124:6, s. 383-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) share common risk factors. The risk for stroke patients to have a myocardial infarction (MI) has not been fully explored. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-seven first-ever stroke patients were ascertained prospectively. The 10-year incidence of MI was examined by register searches. The results were compared to the general Swedish population. Predictors for MI were identified using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The cumulative incidence of MI over 10 years was 25.0/100 (95% confidence interval (CI), 19.5-31.5), 26.5 for men, (95% CI, 18.9-45.8) and 23.4 for women (95% CI, 16.0-32.9). Compared to the general population, the relative risk for stroke patients having a MI was 1.6 for men (95% CI, 1.12-2.37) and 1.9 for women (95% CI, 1.27-2.90). In multivariate analysis, CHD before the stroke (MI, angina pectoris, coronary artery bypass grafting, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) and peripheral artery disease were significant predictors for MI. Conclusions: The risk for MI is significantly higher, for both male and female stroke patients, compared to the general population. Stroke patients with previous CHD and peripheral artery disease are at highest risk. Stroke patients should receive adequate secondary prevention, and cardiac complaints must be taken seriously.
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| 37. |
- Appelros, P., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the Swedish inpatient and cause-of-death registers in the context of stroke
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 123:4, s. 289-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background - Quality follow-up within stroke care is important in times when stroke prevalence is increasing and health care funds are limited. Administrative data, such as data from the inpatient register (IPR) and the cause-of-death register (CDR) are often used for this purpose, but the validity of such data has not been ascertained. Methods - During the year 1999-2000, a community-based stroke register was established in a Swedish municipality. Data from that register was compared with two administrative registers, the IPR and the CDR. Results - Using multiple overlapping data sources, 377 patients with first-ever stroke were found in the community-based register. Forty-four of these (12%) were missing in the IPR/CDR. Non-hospitalized patients were less likely to be registered in the IPR/CDR, as were patients who were not initially treated in a stroke unit. Stroke severity was lower among non-registered patients. Thirty patients (8%) in the IPR/CDR were misclassified as stroke patients. Conclusions - Quality follow-up within stroke care could be biased or have low comparability, when administrative data are used. Great caution should be taken when data derived from the inpatient and cause-of-death registers, and more validation work needs to be carried out in the context of stroke.
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| 38. |
- Archer, T., et al.
(författare)
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Exercise alleviates Parkinsonism : clinical and laboratory evidence
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 123:2, s. 73-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present review examines the putative benefits for individuals afflicted with Parkinsonism, whether in the clinical setting or in the animal laboratory, accruing from different exercise regimes. The tendency for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) to express either normal or reduced exercise capacity appears regulated by factors such as fatigue, quality-of-life and disorder severity. The associations between physical exercise and risk for PD, the effects of exercise on idiopathic Parkinsonism and quality-of-life, the effects of exercise on animal laboratory models of Parkinsonism and dopamine (DA) loss following neurotoxic insults, and the effects of exercise on the DA precursor, L-Dopa, efficacy are examined. It would appear to be case that in view of the particular responsiveness of the dopaminergic neurons to exercise, the principle of 'use it or lose' may be of special applicability among PD patients.
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| 39. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949
(författare)
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Physical exercise alleviates debilities of normal aging and Alzheimer's disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. - 0001-6314. ; 123:4, s. 221-238
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both healthy aging and the pathologic incidence of disorders associated with aging involve an array of debilities. Physical exercise harnesses implicit and inherent biologic characteristics amenable to the putative interventional influences under clinical, institutional or laboratory conditions. The neurodegenerative and pathophysiologic progressions that constitute Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), normal aging, and different animal models of AD have shown the existence of several putative mechanisms. A large variety of moderating factors have demonstrated that the ever-proliferating plethora of neurotrophic factors, neurogenesis as observed through generality of expression and neuronal arborization. The insistent efficacy of brain vascular angiogenesis may delay also the comorbid incidence of depressive disorders with dementia pathology. The pathogenesis of aging may be contained by selective treatments: these diverse conditions, linked to the basis of the aging concept, have been shown, to greater or lesser extents, to respond to a variety of scheduled applications of physical exercise. The range of reports that provide accounts of the mechanisms mediating the positive progressive response to exercise intervention is far-ranging; these studies indicate that subtle changes at molecular, neuronal, vascular and epigenetic levels may exert notable consequence at functional expression and, perhaps most essentially, offer convincing expectancy of significant benefits.
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| 40. |
- Archer, Trevor, et al.
(författare)
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Physical exercise ameliorates deficits induced by traumatic brain injury
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 125:5, s. 293-302
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extent and depth of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major determining factor together with the type of structural insult and its location, whether mild, moderate or severe, as well as the distribution and magnitude of inflammation and loss of cerebrovascular integrity, and the eventual efficacy of intervention. The influence of exercise intervention in TBI is multiple, ranging from anti-apoptotic effects to the augmentation of neuroplasticity. Physical exercise diminishes cerebral inflammation by elevating factors and agents involved in immunomodulatory function, and buttresses glial cell, cerebrovascular, and blood-brain barrier intactness. It provides unique non-pharmacologic intervention that incorporate different physical activity regimes, whether dynamic or static, endurance or resistance. Physical training regimes ought necessarily to be adapted to the specific demands of diagnosis, type and degree of injury and prognosis for individuals who have suffered TBI. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Arnardottir, S, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion body myositis - Sensory dysfunction revealed with quantitative determination of somatosensory thresholds
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:1, s. 22-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to evaluate sensory function in inclusion body myositis (IBM), nine patients were subjected to sensibility screening and quantitative determination of somatosensory thresholds. Data were compared with results from electrophysiological examination and muscle biopsy. On sensibility screening all but one of the IBM patients had abnormal findings in hands and/or feet mostly affecting thermal sensibility. Vibratory thresholds were abnormal in five and thermal thresholds in four of the patients. Mean vibratory thresholds were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the IBM patients when compared with the controls. Significantly increased heat pain thresholds were found in hands and feet when compared with the controls while thermal thresholds were normal. Nerve conduction velocities were decreased in three patients, EMG showed both myopathic and neuropathic abnormalities in six patients. Eight patients had neuropathic abnormalities on muscle biopsy. The sensory dysfunction found suggests an affection of peripheral nerves in IBM mainly affecting large diameter myelinated nerve fibres corroborating earlier findings of a peripheral neuropathy in IBM.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Asp, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired procedural memory in narcolepsy type 1
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 146:2, s. 186-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Sleep enhances the consolidation of memories. Here, we investigated whether sleep-dependent memory consolidation differs between healthy subjects and narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) patients. Material and Methods We recruited 18 patients with NT1 and 24 healthy controls. The consolidation of spatial (declarative memory; 2-dimensional object location) and procedural (non-declarative memory; finger sequence tapping) memories was examined across one night of at-home sleep. Sleep was measured by an ambulatory sleep recording device. Results The overnight gain in the number of correctly recalled sequences in the finger-tapping test was smaller for NT1 patients than healthy subjects (+8.1% vs. +23.8% from pre-sleep learning to post-sleep recall, p = .035). No significant group differences were found for the overnight consolidation of spatial memory. Compared to healthy subjects, the sleep of NT1 patients was significantly more fragmented and shallow. However, no significant correlations were found between sleep parameters and overnight performance changes on the memory tests in the whole group. Conclusion The sleep-dependent consolidation of procedural but not spatial memories may be impaired among patients with NT1. Therefore, future studies are warranted to examine whether sleep improvement, for example, using sodium oxybate, can aid the sleep-dependent formation of procedural memories among NT1 patients.
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| 45. |
- Asztely, Fredrik, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The diagnosis and treatment of limbic encephalitis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 126:6, s. 365-375
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term limbic encephalitis (LE) was first introduced in 1968. While this disease was initially considered rare and is often fatal with very few treatment options, several reports published in the last decade provide a better description of this condition as well as possible causes and some cases of successful treatment. The clinical manifestation of LE is primarily defined by the subacute onset of short-term memory loss, seizures, confusion and psychiatric symptoms suggesting the involvement of the limbic system. In addition, EEG often shows focal or generalized slow wave or epileptiform activity, and MRI findings reveal hyperintense signals of the medial temporal lobes in T2-weighted or FLAIR images. The current literature suggests that LE is not a single disorder but is comprised of a group of autoimmune disorders predominantly affecting the limbic system. Before the diagnosis of LE can be determined, other causes of subacute encephalopathy must be excluded, especially those resulting from infectious aetiologies. LE has previously been regarded as a paraneoplastic phenomenon associated with the classical onconeuronal antibodies that are primarily directed against intracellular antigens. However, recent literature suggests that LE is also associated with antibodies that are directed against cell surface antigens, and these cases of LE display a much weaker association to the neoplasm. The treatment options for LE largely depend on the aetiology of the disease and involve the removal of the primary neoplasm. Therefore, a search for the underlying tumour is mandatory. In addition, immunotherapy has been successful in a significant number of patients where LE is not associated with cancer.
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| 46. |
- Axelson, Hans W., et al.
(författare)
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No benefit of treatment with cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multifocal motor neuropathy
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 117:6, s. 432-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction - Patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) usually respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), but because of the short-lasting effect the treatment must be given repeatedly. Remission after treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide has recently been reported in one patient refractory to IVIG. Case report - Here we report on a patient who responded to IVIG, but temporarily deteriorated dramatically after treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation. Today the situation is the same as before the treatment with cyclophosphamide and blood stem cell transplantation, i.e. IVIG is given every 4 weeks. Conclusion - Our patient did not benefit from the treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation. The effect of treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide in MMN seems to be difficult to predict and that should be paid attention to if this type of treatment is considered.
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| 47. |
- Axelsson, Markus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid NCAM levels are modulated by disease-modifying therapies
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 139:5, s. 411-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Little is known about what leads to recovery between relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly following treatment. In the past, it has been demonstrated that soluble neural cell adhesion molecule (sNCAM), a putative biomarker of neuroplasticity, increased following steroid treatment in the Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS subjects undergoing acute relapses. Taking this a step further, we have evaluated the effect of disease-modifying treatment (DMTs) on CSF sNCAM levels in various subtypes of MS. Methods: We measured CSF sNCAM levels at baseline and after 12-24months of DMT in 69 patients, 49 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 20 progressive MS(PMS), and 24 healthy controls (HC) using an in-house ELISA. Of this, 31 patients had received natalizumab, 17 mitoxantrone, and 21 fingolimod. Changes in disability were measured using EDSS and disease severity by MSSS. In conjunction, CSF NfL levels were also measured. Results: At baseline, the mean sNCAM level was 268.7ng/mL (SD: 109ng/mL) in MS patients compared with 340.6ng/ml (SD: 139ng/mL) in HC, and PMS had significantly lower sNCAM (239.2ng/mL, SD: 123.0, P=0.019) compared to RRMS (269.4, SD: 127.4, P=0.043). After natalizumab and mitoxantrone treatments, we observed an increase in mean sNCAM. However, in the fingolimod-treated group, mean sNCAM decreased. There was no correlation found with EDSS or MSSS, or NfL levels as a whole. Conclusions: Cerebrospinal fluid sNCAM levels were found to be lower in MS than in HC and the lowest sNCAM levels were found in PMS. Following natalizumab and mitoxantrone treatments, we observed an elevation in sNCAM levels, an effect that was not observed following fingolimod treatment. These changes, however, did not appear to correlate with disability in the short-term or NfL levels. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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| 48. |
- Axelsson, Markus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Neurofilament light protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid predict long-term disability of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A pilot study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 138:2, s. 143-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the recovery from Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is good in most patients, some develop permanent severe disability or even die. Early predictors would increase the likelihood to identify patients at risk for poor outcome at the acute stage, allowing them intensified therapeutic intervention.Eighteen patients with a history of GBS 9-17years ago were reassessed with scoring of neurological disability and quality of life assessment (QoL). Their previous diagnostic work-up included clinical examination with scoring of disability, neurophysiological investigation, a battery of serology tests for infections, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. Aliquots of CSF were frozen, stored for 20-28years, and analyzed by ELISA for determination of neurofilament light protein (NFL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).Patients with poor outcome (n=3) had significantly higher NFL and GFAP levels at GBS nadir than those with good outcome (n=15, P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). High NFL correlated with more prominent disability and worse QoL at long-term follow-up (r=.694, P<.001, and SF 36 dimension physical component summary (PCS) (r =-.65, P<.05), respectively, whereas GFAP did not correlate with clinical outcome or QoL.High NFL in CSF at the acute stage of GBS seems to predict long-term outcome and might, together with neurophysiological and clinical measures, be useful in treatment decisions and clinical care of GBS.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Balogh, Nora, et al.
(författare)
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The five-items memory screen-extended variant: A tool for assessing memory
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 141:2, s. 162-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose The detection of memory impairment is an important part of dementia screening. However, the scope of memory measures in current screening batteries is limited. There is a need for a short yet sensitive instrument for early detection of memory impairment that could serve as a complement to existing globally oriented screening tests, for example, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). To that end, the current study investigates the sensitivity and psychometric properties of the memory screening instrument The Five-Items Memory Screen -Extended Variant (FIMS-XV). Methods Hundred and forty-five participants included in the Gothenburg Mild Cognitive Impairment Study-27 patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), 73 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 45 with mild dementia-underwent cognitive screening including the MMSE and FIMS-XV. Ninety participants also underwent extensive neuropsychological testing. Results The FIMS-XV showed high internal consistency and strong correlations with established neuropsychological memory tests. Both the FIMS-XVdelayed recall score and the FIMS-XV total score differentiated mild dementia patients from patients with SCI and MCI. Conclusions The FIMS-XV shows promise as a sensitive tool for screening for memory impairment in all putative phases of dementia.
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