| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alinia, Minoo
(author)
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Diasporas in the contemporary world
- 2010
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 53:4, s. 387-388
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 4. |
- Alm, Susanne
(author)
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Isolating the effect of eviction on criminal convictions : Results from a Swedish study
- 2018
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 61:3, s. 263-282
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- On an individual level, criminal offending is linked to resource deficiencies. Since evictions tend to affect society’s weakest groups, we would expect evicted individuals to be convicted of crime to a higher degree than others even before eviction. But is there also a direct effect of eviction on criminal convictions? The aim of this study was to isolate the effect of eviction on criminal convictions. Propensity score matching was used and the analyses included all individuals evicted in Sweden from 2009 to 2010 (n = 5050), and a 10% sample of the adult population (n = 770,000). After matching based on relevant background factors, the analyses showed a significant increase in criminal convictions from the year of eviction until the end of the period studied, two to three years later. The pattern was similar for men and women. Future research should investigate eviction in relation to different types of crime.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Linus
(author)
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Gender, family life course and attitudes towards divorce in Sweden
- 2016
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 59:1, s. 51-67
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study investigates the impact of union formation, parenthood and union dissolution on Swedes’ attitudes toward divorce. The results, based on fixed-effects models of longitudinal data from the Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), suggest a prevalent, albeit small, influence of family life-course events on attitudes toward divorce in Sweden. Attitudes toward divorce are studied using two survey statements: ‘It is too easy to get divorced in today’s Sweden’ (item A) and ‘Parents should stay together for the sake of their children’ (item B). For both items, union dissolution from parental relationships is associated with a decrease in intolerance toward divorce, but only for women. For men, but not for women, parental union formation increases intolerance toward divorce as measured by item B. The results are discussed in relation to the literature on gendered family life-course experiences.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Aspers, Patrik
(author)
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Order in Garment Markets
- 2008
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; :3, s. 187-202
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this theoretical article is to analyse the social construction of order in two connected markets in the production flow of the global garment industry. The consumer market is identified as a status market, while the production market is defined as a `standard' market. In a `status' market, order is maintained because the identities of actors on both sides of the market are ranked according to status, which is a more entrenched social construction than the commodity traded in the market. In a market characterized by `standard', the situation is the reverse: the commodity is a more entrenched social construction than the identity rankings of actors in the market. The study ties together consumption and production of garments through several markets.
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| 9. |
- Autto, Janne Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Justifications of citizens' subject positions in public debates on welfare
- 2017
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 60:1, s. 61-73
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Foucault's work has inspired studies examining how subject positions are constructed for citizens of the welfare state that encourage them to adopt the subject position of active and responsible people or consumers. Yet these studies are often criticised for analysing these subject positions as coherent constructions without considering how their construction varies from one situation to another. This paper develops the concept of subject position in relation to the theory of justification and the concept of modality in order to achieve a more sensitive and nuanced analysis of the politics of welfare in public debates. The theory of justification places greater weight on actors' competence in social situations. It helps to reveal how justifications and critiques of welfare policies are based on the skilful contextual combination of diverse normative bases. The concept of modality, in turn, makes it possible to elaborate how subject positions in justifications and critiques of welfare policies become associated with specific kinds of values. We demonstrate the approach by using public debates on children's day care in Finland. The analysis illustrates how subject positions are justified in relation to different kinds of worlds and made persuasive by connecting them to commonly desirable rights, responsibilities, competences or abilities.
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| 10. |
- Axelsson, Ann-Sofie, 1967, et al.
(author)
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Making it Open and Keeping it Safe: e-Enabled Data-Sharing in Sweden
- 2009
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In: Acta Sociologica. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 52:2, s. 213-226
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article focuses on data-sharing – a central aspect of an ambitious e-Science programme recently embarked on in Sweden. Data-sharing has become a powerful and promising direction in e-Science in general, even though fraughtwith difficulties. Sweden has a unique position in relation to data-sharing: a worldunique set of social science and medical data collections, a well-established tradition of regulations concerning data protection, a widely used form of personal identification that allows integration of databases, and a population that generally trusts researchers and the Swedish state with personal data. The aim of this study was to find out how Swedish database owners/managers and database users – key actorsin the Swedish e-Science enterprise – anticipate the way that databases will be built up, managed and used in the future, and how this will influence e-Science. For thispurpose, these actors were interviewed and official documents on the topic were studied. It is concluded that openness and the integrity of personal data are particularly critical elements for the success of a range of future e-Science endeavours in Sweden and elsewhere.
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| 11. |
- Azarian, Reza
(author)
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Social Ties Elements of a Substantive Conceptualization
- 2010
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 53:4, s. 323-338
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Paradoxically, the contemporary network approach has so far declined to produce a theoretically elaborate account of social relationships - the very core entities that underpin both its ontological outlook and methodological stance. This article addresses certain substantive aspects of social connectivity that are either theoretically underdeveloped or largely neglected in this approach. These include: (1) the essential and defining properties of relationships; (2) their inherent dynamics; (3) the impact of larger socio-cultural contexts in which specific ties and networks emerge; and, finally, (4) various grounds of connectivity and general types of social ties. The article concludes with a discussion of how the prevailing formalistic conception of social tie poses an obstacle to the materialization of the great potentials of the network approach and how a substantive re-conceptualization of its bedrock entity may open up the possibility of turning this mode of inquiry into a truly relational approach.
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| 12. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Professional talk on cybervetting: Accounting for a contested practise
- 2023
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 66:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Even though recruiters’ practise of searching for information online during recruitment and selection has been a contested practise, owing to the risk of discrimination and privacy intrusions as well as poor evidence for its ability to predict work performance, it is used in recruitment. In this article, our aim is to understand how ‘professional talk’ is used as a discursive resource to legitimize contested practises such as the practise of cybervetting by recruiters. The study is based on interviews with 37 recruiters in Sweden, all of whom had experience of cybervetting jobseekers. We found that professional talk was linked to objectivity and being unemotional, having knowledge about recruitment methods and the ability to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant information. In relation to the theory on professional talk, our study contributes with empirical evidence for the normative function of professional talk. Using cybervetting, as a case of legitimizing controversial practises, we provide a theoretical contribution to the theory on professional talk by illustrating how professional talk not only fills a disciplinary function by restraining a practise but also by enabling, legitimizing and providing discursive frames for how it can be performed.
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| 13. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(author)
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Vocabularies of Motive Among Employers Conducting Criminal Background Checks
- 2011
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In: Acta Sociologia. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 54:1, s. 27-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of criminal records in the recruitment process has increased dramatically in Sweden over the past decade. The article analyses the various vocabularies of motive used to account for the practice in order to examine how it is justified and legitimized by those resorting to it: employers, representatives of employers’ organizations and union representatives in the business sector who endorse criminal background checks as part of the employee screening processes. The dominant vocabulary as articulated in the interviews appealed to notions of corporate risk and security. However, it was contested by an alternative vocabulary focusing on an individual’s right to privacy and reintegration, and by a third vocabulary centring on the notion of trust. To stress their character as moral actors, employers who checked criminal records avoided relying on the risk vocabulary alone. They tended in addition to incorporate elements of the rights vocabulary to justify their actions against the values embodied in it. Even though the results of the study suggest parallels between the increase in the use of criminal background checks and a shift toward a ‘control society’ or a ‘society of exclusion’, they also show that legal rights of the individual still inform the justificatory discourses at least in Sweden.
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| 14. |
- Baranowska-Rataj, Anna, 1980-
(author)
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The impact of the parental division of paid labour on depressive symptoms – the moderating role of social policies
- 2022
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 65:3, s. 275-292
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines the association between the parental division of paid labour and depressive symptoms in a comparative perspective. It investigates how this relationship varies across couples in countries with different social policies using data from European Social Survey, and multilevel models with cross-level interactions between the parental division of paid labour and macro-level indicators of social policies.The results indicate that dual-earner couples report fewer depressive symptoms than parentsin other types of families. This relative advantage of dual-earner couples varies across policycontexts. The benefits of a dual-earner model over a male breadwinner model are larger incountries where childcare services are easily available and do not disappear in countries withgenerous financial support from the state. Additional analyses reveal how these relationshipsdiffer across gender.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Benner, Mats
(author)
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The Scandinavian challenge - The future of advanced welfare states in the knowledge economy
- 2003
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 46:2, s. 132-149
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Scandinavian countries - Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland - have developed a particular model of welfare, employment and economic governance. It is based on universal access to tax-financed social services and social insurance, full employment secured by expansive macro-economic policies and active labour market policies, highly organized labour markets, corporatist interest mediation, and so on. This article surveys the response of the Scandinavian socio-economic model to the challenges of economic globalization and the rise of a knowledge-based economy. It has repeatedly been stated that this changing economic model 'requires' labour market deregulations, tax cuts and privatizations of public services. The experience of the Scandinavian countries in the 1990s indicates that it is possible to retain traditional commitments to employment and social security by developing active policies for industrial renewal and support of innovation systems, technological development, scientific infrastructures and regional concentrations of industrial competence.
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| 17. |
- Bernhardt, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes to the gender division of labor and the transition to fatherhood : Are egalitarian men in Sweden more likely to remain childless?
- 2016
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 59:3, s. 269-284
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most European countries, including Sweden, have witnessed considerable postponement of first births over the past several decades, and societal gender equality has been mentioned among the central reasons for the delay in childbearing. Continued postponement of parenthood over the life course can result in final childlessness, i.e. the individual will reach the end of his/her reproductive period without having become a parent. As levels of final childlessness have been increasing in most European countries, studies of childlessness have become more common. However, most of these studies deal exclusively with women, and the theorizing regarding what leads to final childlessness, particularly among men, is clearly underdeveloped. In this paper we will contribute to this research area by investigating the long-term relationships between attitudes toward domestic gender equality and men's transition to parenthood in Sweden. Our dependent variable is a close approximation of final childlessness. We use Swedish panel survey data on attitudes to the gender division of labor among still childless young adults aged 22-30 in 1999, combined with register data on births in the period 1999-2012. The article shows that the initial delay in becoming fathers evidenced by more egalitarian men is not made up in the long term.
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| 18. |
- Bihagen, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Elite mobility among college graduated men in Sweden : Skills, personality and family ties
- 2017
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 60:4, s. 291-308
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using Swedish registry data, we study the chances of mobility into the Swedish labour market elite for men who graduated in the years 1985-2005. The elite is defined as top earners within mid- and large sized firms and within the public sector organisations (henceforth, we use organisation for both firms and public organisations). Using discrete time event history models, we study the incidence of elite entry in terms of external recruitment and internal promotion. The choice of field of study and of college or university are important, as are personality and, to a limited extent, cognitive ability. What is most striking is that having kin in elite positions increases the chance of elite entry in general, and having parents in top positions in the same organisation increases the likelihood of internal promotion. In sum, elite entry among college-educated males is associated with a diversity of factors, suggesting that complex explanations for labour market success should be considered, where skills, personality, and family ties all seem to matter.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Bihagen, Erik, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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The gender gap in the business elite: stability and change in characteristics of Swedish top wage earners in large private companies, 1993-2007
- 2014
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 57:2, s. 119-133
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using unique Swedish register data on all employees in large private companies, we study trends in the gender composition of top wage employees from 1993 to 2007. The analyses reveal that the likelihood of women holding top wage positions has more than doubled since the early 1990s, but men are still markedly over-represented in this group of employees. We focus on educational choices, considering level and field of study as well as university attended. One important conclusion is that, although education is important in reaching a top wage position, field of education and university attended only marginally explain the gender gap. However, relative to other women, having a career signalling degree (i.e. economics, law or engineering) from a more prestigious university helps women. Dividing the sample into different cohorts indicates that the gender gap is partly a cohort effect, i.e. it is smaller among those born in the 1960s compared to cohorts born in the 1940s and 1950s. It should be noted that there is still a gender gap among employees born in the 1960s and that the gap widens after age 30. Future studies should focus more deeply on this family-related ‘period of divergence’.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Borell, Klas
(author)
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Terrorism and Everyday Life in Beirut 2005 : Mental Re-Constructions, Precautions and Normalization
- 2008
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 51:1, s. 55-70
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although the psychological stress created by terror has beenextensively researched, little has been written about the subjectiveexperience of living with terror. How do people perceive riskand how do they adjust their daily lives? The Lebanese capitalBeirut suffered from a wave of bomb attacks following the assassinationof Lebanon's former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri on 14 February2005. In order to examine people's reactions and ways of copingwith these events, 14 focus group interviews (n = 77) were conductedin targeted areas. The findings suggest that Beirutis couldno longer rely on the taken-for-granted routines of daily life.By changing their routes to school or work and avoiding publicplaces, they restricted their daily activities. However, thedata also suggest that targeted people attempted to normalizetheir everyday lives. Two strategies were employed. The firstcan be described as bracketing in time and space, which meansthat people tried to benefit from periods they perceived asmoments of reprieve, and that they defined business and privatespace as safe havens. Bracketing can also be described as re-normalization,i.e. as an attempt to return to the previous state of `normality'.The other strategy can be described as crisis normalizationand means that the new evaluations of the risks and new patternsof action adopted, which originally deviated from people's establishedroutines, themselves became routinized.
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| 23. |
- Boye, Katarina, 1975-
(author)
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Can you stay home today? Parents’ occupations, relative resources and division of care leave for sick children
- 2015
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 58:4, s. 357-370
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This is one of only a few studies on the division of care leave for sick children (temporary parental leave) between parents in Sweden and is the first to examine the importance of differences in parents’ work characteristics. The study uses register data for parents with children born between 1999 and 2002 to analyse two aspects of parents’ employment that may be of importance for the division of care leave: their relative resources, in this case wages, and different occupations. First, the results show that a father’s share of care leave increases as the mother’s relative wage decreases. This suggests that decisions about care leave are influenced by bargaining power gained through differences in resources. Second, the resources of couples where both partners work in the same occupation are more equal, and such couples also divide care leave more equally than couples with different occupations. However, the fact that same-occupation couples tend to share care leave more equally does not seem to be explained by similarities in the partners’ work characteristics, and may instead be due to unmeasured, stable characteristics. Greater income and career possibilities for the women are proposed as a possible explanation of the division of care leave for same-occupation couples.
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| 24. |
- Brandén, Maria, et al.
(author)
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The opportunity structure of segregation : School choice and school segregation in Sweden
- 2022
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 65:4, s. 420-438
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is a matter of debate whether free school choice should lead to higher or lower levels of school segregation. We investigate how school choice opportunities affect school segregation utilizing geocoded Swedish population register data with information on 13 cohorts of ninth graders. We find that local school choice opportunities strongly affect the sorting of students across schools based on the parents’ country of birth and level of education. An increase in the number of local schools leads to higher levels of local segregation net of stable area characteristics, and time-varying controls for population structure and local residential segregation. In particular, the local presence of private voucher schools pushes school segregation upwards. The segregating impact of school choice opportunities is notably stronger in ‘native’ areas with high portions of highly educated parents, and in areas with low residential segregation. Our results point to the importance of embedding individual actors in relevant opportunity structures for understanding segregation processes.
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| 25. |
- Brante, Thomas
(author)
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Sociological Approaches to the Professions
- 1988
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : Sage Publications, Ltd.. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 31:2, s. 119-142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies of the professions clearly illustrate the intricate interplay between general conceptions of society and history, sociological theory, definitions of social categories, empirical research and political values – or, more briefly, between theory, ’facts’ and politics. In this article the interplay is illustrated by the two dominant theory-constructions on professions in sociology. The first is the functionalist or ’naive’ tradition, the second the neoweberian or ’cynical’ alternative. It is argued that both traditions are permeated by several shortcomings. In particular, they have universalistic claims, but are in fact outcomes of professionals’ own self-images during specific and limited social and historical circumstances. Sociologies of professions turn out to be ideologies of professionals. In a concluding section the preconditions for a more realistic approach to the professions are outlined.
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| 26. |
- Breznau, Nate, et al.
(author)
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Immigrant presence, group boundaries, and support for the welfare state in Western European societies
- 2016
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 59:3, s. 195-214
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The intersection of group dynamics and socioeconomic status theories is applied as a framework for the puzzling relationship of immigration and support for the welfare state in Western Europe. Group dynamics theories suggest that how individuals define their group boundaries moderates the impact of immigration on support for the welfare state. Immigrant presence should have the strongest effects for those with exclusive national group boundaries; weaker for those with conditionally inclusive boundaries based on reciprocity; and weakest or non-existent for those with inclusive group boundaries. Group boundaries should interact with material self-interest, leading individuals with less material security who are more likely to face social risks to be more supportive of the welfare state. Using data from the 4th European Social Survey linked to regional and national data, we find that group boundary salience plays a large moderating role in the relationship between immigration and native support for the welfare state, and that this role is intricately linked to material self-interest. Group dynamics should therefore be viewed in conjunction with existing structural welfare state theories as opposed to an alternative or isolated mechanism.
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| 27. |
- Bukodi, Erzsebet, et al.
(author)
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The effects of social origins and cognitive ability on educational attainment : Evidence from Britain and Sweden
- 2014
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 57:4, s. 293-310
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In previous work we have shown that in Britain and Sweden alike parental class, parental status and parental education have independent effects on individuals’ educational attainment. In this paper we extend our analyses, first by also including measures of individuals’ early-life cognitive ability, and second by bringing our results for Britain and Sweden into direct comparative form. On the basis of extensive birth-cohort data for both countries, we find that when cognitive ability is introduced into our analyses, parental class, status and education continue to have significant, and in fact only moderately reduced and largely persisting, effects on the educational attainment of members of successive cohorts. There is some limited evidence for Britain, but not for Sweden, that cognitive ability has a declining effect on educational attainment, and a further cross-national difference is that in Britain, but not in Sweden, some positive interaction effects occur between advantaged social origins and high cognitive ability in relation to educational success. Overall, though, cross-national similarities are most apparent, and especially in the extent to which parental class, status and education, when taken together, create wide disparities in the eventual educational attainment of individuals who in early life were placed at similar levels of cognitive ability. Some wider implications of these findings are considered.
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| 28. |
- Bunar, Nihad
(author)
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The Geographies of Education and Relationships in a Multicultural City Enrolling in High-Poverty, Low-Performing Urban Schools and Choosing to Stay There
- 2010
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 53:2, s. 141-159
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Given the institutional and financial opportunity to choose any school public or private/independent - in the city, how are we to understand students choosing to stay in their low-performing, high-poverty schools with bad reputations? Drawing on interviews with 53 students from two urban schools in Stockholm and Malmo, as well as on the secondary literature and theoretical perspectives on community discourse and the freedom of choice policy, I argue that we will never understand why students choose to stay if we consider only the values of the pedagogical commodities exchanged in the educational quasi-market. The analytical gaze ought to embrace sociological perspectives on the local community and schools, including individual strategies in relation to school choice and the power of relations, categorization and stigmatization. Thus, I conclude that neither deficiency in information, transportation costs and time nor some murky cultural-religious incentives are behind the decision to stay. The major incentive can be found in the ongoing negotiations between different aspects of community and school discourse that young people develop, whereby, among other things, the prospect of losing a network and the feeling of safety and becoming an outsider in exchange for gaining access to a 'Swedish' middle-class school is, for the time being, not deemed a fair deal.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Burns, Tom R.
(author)
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Unequal Exchange and Uneven Development in Social Life : Continuities in a Structural Theory of Social Exchange
- 1977
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 20:3, s. 217-245
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper takes up two basic concepts in a structural theory of social exchange: the structuring of exchange systems and unequal exchange. The latter is conceptualized in terms of structural consequences of ex change activity. The two concepts are used to analyze the role of exchange activity in the production and reproduction of social structure and cor responding exchange systems.The intentional structuring of exchange systems is the focus of the second part (Structuring exchange systems) with two examples from inter national political economy: the structuring of England/Portugal trade re lations in the seventeenth century and the formation of Bretton Woods economic institutions. The third part (Social structure and unequal ex change) examines the reciprocal relationship between social structure and unequal exchange processes. A general model is formulated and applied to exchange systems at different societal levels: husband/wife exchange. capitalist employer/labor exchange, and exchange between enterprises of developed and those of less developed countries. The fourth part (Ques tions for the future) refers to two matters for future research: the trans formation of unequal exchange systems and the role of social context in structuring the logic of social action and meaning in exchange activity.
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| 32. |
- Bygren, Magnus
(author)
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Unpacking the causes of segregation across workplaces
- 2013
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 56:1, s. 3-19
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The way employee flows generate ethnic and gender segregation across workplaces is investigated using a population sample of 80,139 workplaces with 977,978 employees in the Stockholm area. Comparisons of actual stocks and flows of employees across workplaces to counterfactual simulations of these reveal that segregation clearly has a random component to it: Even with random allocation of employees to workplaces, segregation would still be substantial. Systematic (non-random) segregation appears to be upheld primarily because employees recruited to workplaces are similar to those already employed there, not because underrepresented groups within workplaces are systematically screened out. This tendency appears to be less connected to between-group differences in education, occupation or industry, but instead largely sustained by the tendency of employers to select new employees from a pool of workplaces where their employees have been employed previously. Network recruiting might generate this pattern, but unobserved individual and workplace factors cannot be ruled out as potential confounders. The results speak to theories of homosociality applied to segregation processes: If homosocial biases affect segregation, they apparently do so mostly in the recruitment process to workplaces, but less so through processes of exclusion of minorities from workplaces.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Cappelen, C., et al.
(author)
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The Law of Jante and generalized trust
- 2018
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 61:4, s. 419-440
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A widespread cultural phenomenon - and/or individual disposition - is the idea that one should never try to be more, try to be different, or consider oneself more valuable than other people. In Scandinavia this code of modesty is referred to as the 'Jante mentality', in Anglo-Saxon societies the 'tall poppy syndrome', and in Asian cultures 'the nail that stands out gets hammered down'. The study reported here examines how this modesty code relates to generalized trust. We argue, prima facie, that a positive and a negative relationship are equally plausible. Representative samples of the Norwegian population were asked about their agreement with the Jante mentality and the extent to which they have trust in other people. Two population surveys were conducted; one measuring individual level associations and another measuring aggregate level associations. It was found that the relationship between having a Jante mentality and trust is negative, at both levels of analysis and, furthermore, that the Jante mentality - this modesty code assumed to be instilled in Scandinavians from early childhood - is a powerful predictor of generalized trust.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Carroll, Eero, 1970-
(author)
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The Precariously Housed and the Risk of Homelessness : A Longitudinal Study of Evictions in Sweden in the 1980s
- 1995
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In: Acta Sociologica. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 38, s. 151-165
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study is intended as a contribution to the ongoing US and European debate on housing inequality and homelessness. We do this by focusing on the problems faced by the "precariously housed", or people repeatedly threatened with eviction, in the advanced welfare state of Sweden. Our empirical analysis is based on a sample of individuals repeatedly threatened with evictin in Sweden in the period 1982-1986. Using proportional hazard regressions, we show that the increase in risk for a new eviction threat for these individuals can best be explained by a combination of unfavorable social circumstances and difficult personal problems, both of which need to be addressed by housing policy.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Intermarriage and Immigrant Integration in Sweden An Exploratory Analysis
- 2008
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 51:4, s. 329-354
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we explore marital exogamy ( especially intermarriage between immigrants and natives) among 39 different immigrant groups using cross-sectional registry data for the total immigrant populations in Sweden in 2003. Immigrants who are better educated, who spend a longer time in Sweden before marriage and live outside the bigger cities are more likely to be married to natives. Controlling for age at immigration, education, time between immigration and marriage, settlement size and the relative size of the immigrant group of the opposite sex, immigrants from Western Europe ( excluding Finland) and the United States are more likely to be married to natives than are other immigrants. We also analyse the link between intermarriage and economic integration, with the results indicating a strong association between intermarriage and economic integration in terms of employment and income. Immigrants married to natives are more likely to be employed, and also to have higher individual and household income.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Edling, Christofer, et al.
(author)
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Women in power: Sex differences in Swedish local elite networks
- 2013
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 56:1, s. 21-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Women occupy a small minority of elite positions in contemporary society. In addition, the minority of women who gain access to influential elite positions are often assumed to have their actual influence circumscribed by mechanisms of marginalization. However, systematic evidence to support the latter view is relatively scarce. We apply social network analysis to study sex differences in local elite networks in Sweden, and show empirically that, despite the fact that women are the minority group across all elite dimensions, female elites uphold the same ‘structural status’ as male elites.
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| 46. |
- Edlund, Jonas
(author)
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Attitudes towards tax reform and progressive taxation : Sweden 1991-96
- 1999
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 42:4, s. 337-355
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the most debated elements of the Social Democratic reform of the Swedish tax system was the lowered income tax rate, which mainly affected the upper tax brackets. An analysis of public attitudes to the tax reform during three time periods reveals that attitudinal patterns are characterized by stability, both on aggregate and individual levels, and by profound social divisions. Support is more prevalent among more affluent social strata and those affiliated with Bourgeoisie parties compared to workers, low-income earners and those with left-wing preferences. Following attitudinal developments in the aftermath of the tax reform, social conflicts - mainly structured along class dimensions - as well as demands for tax progression tended to increase between 1991 and 1996.
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| 47. |
- Edlund, Jonas, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Class and work autonomy in 21 countries : A question of production regime or power resources?
- 2010
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 53:3, s. 213-228
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autonomy, or the extent to which employees can control their own work, is a central theme in debates on organizational flexibility and labour market stratification. Predictions of upskilling and autonomy, for manual workers too, have been a striking component in visions of post-Fordism and post-industrialism. The two main comparative labour market theories - the varieties of capitalism school and the power resources approach - suggest that both the level and the distribution of autonomy vary across production contexts, either because of national differences in skill requirements or because of the varying strength of organized labour. The objective of the article, based on the 2004 European Social Survey, is to test these two hypotheses by examining national variation regarding mean levels and class differences in autonomy among 21 countries. The main conclusion is that both mean levels and class differences in autonomy have much more to do with the strength of organized labour than with the skill requirements of production. The analysis also questions a central element of the varieties of capitalism theory, namely the notion of national production strategies based on differences in skill specificity.
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| 48. |
- Edlund, Jonas, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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The democratic class struggle revisited : the welfare state, social cohesion and political conflict
- 2015
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 58:4, s. 311-328
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper attempts to resolve disagreements concerning how class conflicts are manifested in contemporary welfare states. An analytical distinction is made between social (tensions/antagonism between classes) and political (class based differences in political preferences) manifestations of class conflict. Using ISSP data (1999/2009) from 20 countries, the results indicate that social conflict is more common in meagre welfare states where material inequality is relatively high compared to encompassing highly redistributive welfare states where levels of material inequality are relatively low. When it comes to distributive struggles in the political sphere – political conflict – the pattern is reversed. The results do not support arguments emphasizing that class as an analytical concept is irrelevant for understanding socio-political phenomena in modern industrial democracies. Instead, the results suggest that the character of class conflict varies across national socio-economic contexts in tandem with between-country variation in the institutional setup of the welfare state. The results support the theory outlined in The Democratic Class Struggle, which suggests that in modern welfare states, institutionalized political conflict tends to replace less institutionalized and unorganized social conflict. This is more the case in encompassing welfare states than in residual welfare states.
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| 49. |
- Edlund, Jonas, 1963-
(author)
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The influence of the class situations of husbands and wives on class identity, party preference and attitudes towards redistribution : Sweden, Germany and the United States
- 2003
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 46:3, s. 195-214
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influences of female employment on working couples' class-based identities, preferences towards government redistribution, and choice of political party in Sweden, Germany, and the US are analysed in this article. Two issues are of interest. The first is the unit of class composition: families (conventional approach) versus individuals (individual approach). The results indicate that the conventional approach explains more of the variation in the dependent variables than does the individual approach. However, in many cases the inclusion of female employment within the class schema increases the explanatory power of social class significantly. The second issue is cross-country variation. Based on assumptions about the post-industrial economy, a hypothesis concerning cross-country variation in class-gender patterns is tested. In contrast to the hypothesis, the data show that female employment influences are greatest in Germany, closely followed by Sweden. In the US, influences of female employment on working couples' socio-political orientations are negligible.
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| 50. |
- Edlund, Jonas
(author)
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Trust in the capability of the welfare state and general welfare state support: Sweden 1997-2002
- 2006
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In: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 49:4, s. 395-417
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A central component of institutional trust is related to perceptions of state capacity. Claims have been made that if citizens’ experiences with the state tell them that the government is efficacious, fair and trustworthy, then the odds for supporting publicly financed welfare policies are higher compared to a situation when their experiences with government feed feelings of inefficiency, corruption, unfairness and arbitrary discretion. The general question guiding the empirical analysis is the following: Is distrust in institutional capability an important prerequisite for general welfare state support withdrawal? Relying on Swedish nationally representative survey data, this issue is examined using Latent Class Analysis (LCA). Empirical evidence suggests that distrust in the institutional capability of the welfare state has not translated into widespread anti-welfare state sentiments. For some citizens, distrust in the capability of the welfare state is an issue of insufficient resources and they are willing to increase social spending in order to improve social services and benefits. For other citizens, distrust is closely connected with anti-welfare state sentiments. The article discusses the implications of the results for arguments about institutional trust and welfare state support.
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