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1.	Ottoson, D., et al. (författare) Electrophysiological measurements of the odour of single components of a mixture separated in a gas chromatograph 1964 Ingår i: Life Sciences. - 0024-3205 .- 1879-0631. ; 3:10, s. 1111-1115 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
2.	Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al. (författare) Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS. 2023 Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 373, s. 46-54 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p<0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
3.	Cederkrantz, Elin, et al. (författare) Absorbed Doses and Risk Estimates of (211)At-MX35 F(ab')2 in Intraperitoneal Therapy of Ovarian Cancer Patients. 2015 Ingår i: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-355X .- 0360-3016. ; 93:3, s. 569-76 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with dissemination in the peritoneal cavity. Most patients achieve clinical remission after surgery and chemotherapy, but approximately 70% eventually experience recurrence, usually in the peritoneal cavity. To prevent recurrence, intraperitoneal (i.p.) targeted α therapy has been proposed as an adjuvant treatment for minimal residual disease after successful primary treatment. In the present study, we calculated absorbed and relative biological effect (RBE)-weighted (equivalent) doses in relevant normal tissues and estimated the effective dose associated with i.p. administration of (211)At-MX35F(ab')2.
4.	Elgqvist, Jörgen, 1963, et al. (författare) Administered activity and metastatic cure probability during radioimmunotherapy of ovarian cancer in nude mice with 211At-MX35 F(ab')2. 2006 Ingår i: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-355X .- 0360-3016. ; 66:4, s. 1228-37 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: To elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-radioimmunotherapy of ovarian cancer in mice. This study: (i) estimated the minimum required activity (MRA), giving a reasonable high therapeutic efficacy; and (ii) calculated the specific energy to tumor cell nuclei and the metastatic cure probability (MCP) using various assumptions regarding monoclonal-antibody (mAb) distribution in measured tumors. The study was performed using the alpha-particle emitter Astatine-211 (211At) labeled to the mAb MX35 F(ab')2. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Animals were inoculated intraperitoneally with approximately 1 x 10(7) cells of the cell line NIH:OVCAR-3. Four weeks later animals were treated with 25, 50, 100, or 200 kBq 211At-MX35 F(ab')2 (n = 74). Another group of animals was treated with a nonspecific mAb: 100 kBq 211At-Rituximab F(ab')2 (n = 18). Eight weeks after treatment the animals were sacrificed and presence of macro- and microscopic tumors and ascites was determined. An MCP model was developed and compared with the experimentally determined tumor-free fraction (TFF). RESULTS: When treatment was given 4 weeks after cell inoculation, the TFFs were 25%, 22%, 50%, and 61% after treatment with 25, 50, 100, or 200 kBq (211)At-MX35 F(ab')2, respectively, the specific energy to irradiated cell nuclei varying between approximately 2 and approximately 400 Gy. CONCLUSION: As a significant increase in the therapeutic efficacy was observed between the activity levels of 50 and 100 kBq (TFF increase from 22% to 50%), the conclusion was that the MRA is approximately 100 kBq (211)At-MX35 F(ab')2. MCP was most consistent with the TFF when assuming a diffusion depth of 30 mum of the mAbs in the tumors.
5.	Mauerhofer, Volker, et al. (författare) Environmental net-gain governance : Global implementation challenges 2021 Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 321 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This Letter outlines the EU's & UN's latest environmental principle towards Net-Gains. It defines this principles' progress compared to recent “No-Net-Loss"/“Reduce-the-Rate-Of-Loss” approaches. Furthermore it introduces Environmental Net-Gain Governance as normative transition pathway and provides first practical approaches for increasing the worlds' biocapacity and for reducing impact from production and consumption. © 2021
6.	Radulovic, Vladimir, 1969, et al. (författare) Sustained heparin effect contributes to reduced plasma thrombin generation capacity early after cardiac surgery. 2012 Ingår i: Thrombosis research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2472 .- 0049-3848. ; 130:5, s. 769-774 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract INTRODUCTION: Thrombin is a key component in the coagulation cascade, and impaired thrombin generation has been linked to increased bleeding after surgical procedures. The aim was to evaluate postoperative thrombin generation capacity in plasma after cardiac surgery, and its potential associations to activity of individual coagulation factors and heparin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight coronary artery bypass grafting patients were included in a prospective observational cohort study. Thrombin generation capacity was analysed in plasma with calibrated automated thrombogram with tissue factor as activator before (baseline), and 2h and 24h after surgery. In addition, plasma activity of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XIII, were determined. Heparin effect was assessed by anti-Xa activity, APTT and thrombin time. RESULTS: Thrombin generation was markedly reduced 2h after surgery compared to baseline. Peak levels decreased with median 74% (interquartile range 52-90), p<0.001, and endogenous thrombin generation potential decreased with 65% (43-86), p<0.001. Postoperative changes in endogenous thrombin generation potential correlated inversely to changes in anti-Xa activity (r=-0.51, p=0.010) and to changes in thrombin time (r=-0.51, p=0.009), but there were no correlations to changes in individual coagulation factor activity. CONCLUSIONS: A marked reduction in thrombin generation potential was observed in the early postoperative phase after cardiac surgery. The decrease was independent of reductions in individual coagulation factor activity but correlated to heparin effects. The results indicate that a sustained heparin effect contributes to the postoperative reduction in thrombin generation capacity.
7.	Ternström, Lisa, 1972, et al. (författare) Plasma activity of individual coagulation factors, hemodilution and blood loss after cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study. 2010 Ingår i: Thrombosis research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2472 .- 0049-3848. ; 126:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Hemodilution and consumption of coagulation factors during cardiopulmonary bypass has been suggested to contribute to bleeding complications after cardiac surgery. The aim was to describe the activity of individual coagulation factors after CABG in relation to hemodilution and postoperative bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma concentrations of fibrinogen and plasma activity of FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, FXI and FXIII adjusted for hemodilution were analysed in 57 CABG patients before, and 2h and 24h after surgery. Postoperative bleeding was registered and correlations to coagulation factor activity were calculated. RESULTS: Adjusted plasma concentration of fibrinogen (-14+/-6%), and plasma activity of FII (-9+/-6%), FV (-13+/-8%), FX (-13+/-7%) and FXIII (-9+/-14%) were reduced two hours after surgery compared to baseline (all p<0.001). FVII (+3+/-12%, p=0.34) and FXI (+1+/-19%, p=0.50) were unchanged, while FVIII (+23+/-44%, p=0.006) and FIX (+23+/-17%, p<0.001) increased. Twenty-four hours after surgery fibrinogen (+45+/-27%), FVIII (+93+/-66%) and FIX (+33+/-26%) were all increased (all p<0.001), while FVII (-37+/-14%, p<0.001), FXI (-4+/-18%, p=0.02) and FXIII (-6+/-15%, p=0.004) were decreased. Median postoperative blood loss was 380 ml/12h. There were significant inverse correlations between postoperative blood loss and fibrinogen concentration 2h after surgery (r=-0.33, p=0.019) and between postoperative blood loss and pre- and postoperative FXIII activity (r=-0.34, p=0.009 and r=-0.41, p=0.003, respectively), but not between blood loss and any of the other factors. CONCLUSIONS: There is a marked dissociation in plasma activity of individual coagulation factors after CABG. Plasma concentration of fibrinogen and factor XIII activity correlates inversely to postoperative blood loss after CABG.
8.	Wang, D.Y., et al. (författare) Comparisons of MIPAS/ENVISAT ozone profiles with SMR/ODIN and HALOE/UARS observations 2005 Ingår i: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1948 .- 0273-1177. ; 36:5, s. 927-931 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ozone volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles are measured by the Michelson Interferometer for passive atmospheric sounding (MIPAS) on ENVISAT. The data sets produced by the science data processor at Institut fur Meteorologic und Klimaforschung (IMK), Germany are compared with those obtained by halogen occultation experiment (HALOE) on UARS and by sub-millimetre radiometer (SMR) on ODIN. For the stratospheric measurements taken during September/October 2002, the three instruments show reasonable agreement, with global mean differences within 0.1-0.3 ppmv. The typical zonal mean differences are of 0.4 ppmv for HALOE and 0.6 ppmv for SMR (4-6%) in the ozone VMR peak region at 25-30 km near the equator, though larger differences of 0.8-1 ppmv (8-10%) are also observed in a small latitude-altitude region in the tropic. A positive bias of about 0.2-0.4 ppmv in the MIPAS data in the 35-40 km region has also been found. Further studies are under way to explain these differences.
9.	Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al. (författare) An on-road study of sleepiness in split shifts among city bus drivers 2018 Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 114, s. 71-76 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Bus drivers often work irregular hours or split shifts and their work involves high levels of stress. These factors can lead to severe sleepiness and dangerous driving. This study examined how split shift working affects sleepiness and performance during afternoon driving. An experiment was conducted on a real road with a specially equipped regular bus driven by professional bus drivers.The study had a within-subject design and involved 18 professional bus drivers (9 males and 9 females) who drove on two afternoons; one on a day in which they had driven early in the morning (split shift situation) and one on a day when they had been off duty until the test (afternoon shift situation). The hypothesis tested was that split shifts contribute to sleepiness during afternoon, which can increase the safety risks. The overall results supported this hypothesis. In total, five of the 18 drivers reached levels of severe sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale ≥8) with an average increase in KSS of 1.94 when driving in the afternoon after working a morning shift compared with being off duty in the morning. This increase corresponded to differences observed between shift workers starting and ending a night shift. The Psychomotor Vigilance Task showed significantly increased response time with split shift working (afternoon: 0.337. s; split shift 0.347. s), as did the EEG-based Karolinska Drowsiness Score mean/max. Blink duration also increased, although the difference was not significant. One driver fell asleep during the drive. In addition, 12 of the 18 bus drivers reported that in their daily work they have to fight to stay awake while driving at least 2-4 times per month. While there were strong individual differences, the study clearly showed that shift-working bus drivers struggle to stay awake and thus countermeasures are needed in order to guarantee safe driving with split shift schedules.
10.	Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al. (författare) Seat belt usage in buses : An observation study of usage and travellers' perspectives 2023 Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 190 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study aims to evaluate seat belt usage in buses and to understand travellers' incentives of seat belt usage. Methods used are observational studies (10 cities, with 328 bus observations), focus group discussion (7 groups with a total of 32 participants) and a web survey (n = 1737 respondents). The results show that the seat belt use among bus passengers can be improved especially in regional and commercial bus traffic. It is more common to buckle up on long trips than on short trips. However, even though observations show high usage during long trips, travellers report that they remove the seat belt after a while if they want to sleep or for comfort reasons. For the bus drivers it is not possible to control passengers' usage. Dirty seat belts and technical malfunction might deter some passengers from using them and therefore systematic cleaning and control of seats and belts are recommended. On short trips one reason for not using the belt is related to worries about getting stuck and not being ready to get off in time. In general, it is most important to increase the usage on high-speed roads (>60 km/ h), in lower speed it might be more important to provide a seat for each passenger. Based on the results a list of recommendations is presented.
11.	Baravdish, George, 1964-, et al. (författare) An iterative method for the Cauchy problem for second-order elliptic equations 2018 Ingår i: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0020-7403 .- 1879-2162. ; 142, s. 216-223 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The problem of reconstructing the solution to a second-order elliptic equation in a doubly-connected domain from knowledge of the solution and its normal derivative on the outer part of the boundary of the solution domain, that is from Cauchy data, is considered. An iterative method is given to generate a stable numerical approximation to this inverse ill-posed problem. The procedure is physically feasible in that boundary data is updated with data of the same type in the iterations, meaning that Dirichlet values is updated with Dirichlet values from the previous step and Neumann values by Neumann data. Proof of convergence and stability are given by showing that the proposed method is an extension of the Landweber method for an operator equation reformulation of the Cauchy problem. Connection with the alternating method is discussed. Numerical examples are included confirming the feasibility of the suggested approach.
12.	Blomqvist, Sven, 1964-, et al. (författare) Postural muscle responses and adaptations to backward platform perturbations in young people with and without intellectual disability 2014 Ingår i: Gait & Posture. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-6362 .- 1879-2219. ; 39:3, s. 904-908 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study examines postural muscle responses to backward perturbations in young people (16-20 years) with and without intellectual disability (ID). The study included 56 young people with ID and 43 age-matched without ID volunteers. The subjects stood on a platform that was moved backwards in a surface translation. Lower and upper leg muscles and lower back spine muscles were recorded with surface electromyography (EMG). Muscle onset latency, time to peak amplitude (EMG), adaptation of muscle responses to repeated perturbations (using integrated EMG (IEMG) for epochs), and synergies and strategies were assessed. The result showed no differences between the two groups in muscle onset latency, synergies, and strategies. Young people with ID reduced their time to peak amplitude in investigated muscles, a response that was different from the group without ID. Also, young people with ID tended to adapt their IEMG less compared to the controls. These findings suggest that young people with ID have limited ability to use somatosensory information and adapt their postural muscle responses to repeated external perturbations.
13.	Draganović, Almir, 1964-, et al. (författare) Filtration of silica particles from a low-pH cementitious grout 2016 Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0950-0618 .- 1879-0526. ; 105, s. 29-34 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Spent nuclear fuel is stored in rock depositories. Swelled bentonite around the stored capsules prevents eventual spread of radioactive material by ground water. The pH-value of the ground water in contact with bentonite shall be less than 11 not to affect the swelling capacity of the bentonite. Therefore cementitious grout with low pH-value is used to grout these depositories. There is a risk that pH-value of this grout can locally increase due to filtration at fracture constriction and influence pH-value of ground water. Chemical SEM EDAX-analysis indicates that there is no risk of increasing of PH-value in this grout.
14.	Ericsson, Leif, 1964-, et al. (författare) Photoemission study of ZnO nanocrystals : Thermal annealing in UHV and induced band bending 2013 Ingår i: Surface Science. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 612, s. 10-15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ZnO nanocrystals distributed by spin-coating on SiO2/Si surfaces were annealed in UHV and studied in situ by synchrotron radiation based X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Changes in chemical composition and electronic structure of ZnO nanocrystal surfaces were found with increasing annealing temperatures. Annealing at 650 °C reduces the surface contaminant levels without any observed de-composition of ZnO. After annealing at 700 °C an initial de-composition of ZnO together with further reduction of contaminants was observed. As a result, 650 °C is found to be the optimal annealing temperature for thermal cleaning of ZnO nanocrystals. Chemical changes and induced point defect formation cause changes in the band structure of the ZnO/SiO2/Si system. An upward band bending of 0.7 eV on the surfaces of the ZnO nanocrystals was found after annealing at 300 °C. The bands on the surfaces of ZnO nanocrystals gradually bend downwards with increasing annealing temperatures. A downward band bending of 1.4 eV is the result after annealing at 750 °C for 1 h. This large downward band bending is explained as due to the change in balance of oxygen vacancies and zinc vacancies on the surfaces of ZnO nanocrystals.
15.	Eriksson, Göran, 1964- (författare) Follow-up questions in political press conferences 2011 Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - : Elsevier. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 43:14, s. 3331-3344 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study is to deepen the understanding of how journalists use follow-up questions in political press conferences. This ambition also involves a critical examination of the previous research on follow-up questions in this context. For the journalists, a press conference is a time when they have the opportunity to hold politicians accountable for their words and actions, which is a task often seen as a core democratic function of journalism. By asking a follow-up, a journalist can pursue an evasive answer and perform this watchdog role. In total, 6 press conferences from 2009 with the Swedish Government have been analyzed, comprising 29 sequences with follow-up questions. The analysis is organized around the following questions: How are follow-up turns related to initial questions and preceding answers? In what kind of situations do journalists perform adversarial actions and pursue the politician with their follow-up turn? What other kinds of actions are performed through follow-up questions? An essential conclusion is that follow-ups are not necessarily such prominent indicators of adversarialness as previous research suggests. Instead, a clear majority, 18 of 29, of follow-up uestions are nonadversarial in character and used for other purposes than challenging the politicians’ answers.
16.	Eriksson, Patrick, 1964, et al. (författare) ARTS, the atmospheric radiative transfer simulator, Version 2 2011 Ingår i: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4073 .- 1879-1352. ; 112:10, s. 1551-1558 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The second version of the atmospheric radiative transfer simulator. ARTS, is introduced. This is a general software package for long wavelength radiative transfer simulations, with a focus on passive microwave observations. The core part provides a workspace environment, in line with script languages. New for this version is an agenda mechanism that gives a high degree of modularity. The framework is intended to be as general as possible: the polarisation state can be fully described, the model atmosphere can be one- (1D), two- (2D) or three-dimensional (3D), a full description of geoid and surface is possible, observation geometries from the ground, from satellite, and from aeroplane or balloon are handled, and surface reflection can be treated in simple or complex manners. Remote sensing applications are supported by a comprehensive and efficient treatment of sensor characteristics. jacobians can be calculated for the most important atmospheric variables in non-scattering conditions. Finally, the most prominent feature is the rigorous treatment of scattering that has been implemented in two modules: a discrete ordinate iterative approach mainly used for 1D atmospheres, and a Monte Carlo approach which is the preferred algorithm for 3D atmospheres. ARTS is freely available, and maintained as an open-source project.
17.	Havarinasab, Said, 1964-, et al. (författare) Dose and Hg species determine the T-helper cell activation in murine autoimmunity 2007 Ingår i: Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-483X .- 1879-3185. ; 229:1-2, s. 23-32 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Inorganic mercury (mercuric chloride-HgCl2) induces in mice an autoimmune syndrome (HgIA) with T cell-dependent polyclonal B cell activation and hypergammaglobulinemia, dose- and H-2-dependent production of autoantibodies targeting the 34 kDa nucleolar protein fibrillarin (AFA), and systemic immune-complex deposits. The organic mercury species methylmercury (MeHg) and ethylmercury (EtHg-in the form of thimerosal) induce AFA, while the other manifestations of HgIA seen after treatment with HgCl2 are present to varying extent. Since these organic Hg species are converted to the autoimmunogen Hg2+ in the body, their primary autoimmunogen potential is uncertain and the subject of this study. A moderate dose of HgCl2 (8 mg/L drinking water - internal dose 148 μg Hg/kg body weight [bw]/day) caused the fastest AFA response, while the induction was delayed after higher (25 mg/L) and lower (1.5 and 3 mg/L) doses. The lowest dose of HgCl2 inducing AFA was 1.5 mg/L drinking water which corresponded to a renal Hg2+ concentration of 0.53 μg/g. Using a dose of 8 mg HgCl2/L this threshold concentration was reached within 24 h, and a consistent AFA response developed after 8-10 days. The time lag for the immunological part of the reaction leading to a consistent AFA response was therefore 7-9 days. A dose of thimerosal close to the threshold dose for induction of AFA (2 mg/L drinking water-internal dose 118 μg Hg/kg bw per day), caused a renal Hg2+ concentration of 1.8 μg/g. The autoimmunogen effect of EtHg might therefore be entirely due to Hg2+ formed from EtHg in the body. The effect of organic and inorganic Hg species on T-helper type 1 and type 2 cells during induction of AFA was assessed as the presence and titre of AFA of the IgG1 and IgG2a isotype, respectively. EtHg induced a persistent Th1-skewed response irrespectively of the dose and time used. A low daily dose of HgCl2 (1.5-3 mg/L) caused a Th1-skewed AFA response, while a moderate dose (8 mg/L) after 2 weeks resulted in a balanced or even Th2-skewed response. Higher daily doses of HgCl2 (25 mg/L) caused a balanced Th2-Th1 response already from onset. In conclusion, while metabolically formed Hg2+ might be the main AFA-inducing factor also after treatment with EtHg, the quality of the Hg-induced AFA response is modified by the species of Hg as well as the dose. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
18.	Hedlund, Ann, 1964-, et al. (författare) Safety motivation at work : evaluation of changes from six interventions 2016 Ingår i: Safety Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-7535 .- 1879-1042. ; 82, s. 155-163 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Unsafe work environments can be both unhealthy for employees and costly for organizations. Safety motivation is essential to enhancing safety behaviors among employees. The objective is to evaluate whether six different interventions including safety training increase safety motivation. A validated questionnaire was used at two metal companies, two municipal agencies, one paper mill, and one plastic company. Statistical tests were used to compare the results at the factorial and item levels. In three cases, safety motivation changed significantly at the factorial level. There was a significant difference in each intervention at the item level. The outcomes indicate that the degree of participation, the number of occasions, the primary target group, and the decision maker of the intervention affect safety motivation.
19.	Holgersson, Stellan, 1964, et al. (författare) Analysis of the metal content of small-size Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) printed circuit-boards part 1: Internet routers, mobile phones and smartphones 2018 Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 133, s. 300-308 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The metal content of printed circuit boards from three types of Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) products were analysed. The products disassembled to retrieve the printed circuit boards (PCBs) were 10 Internet routers, modems and hubs; 30 mobile phones; and 30 smartphones. The collected boards of each product type were milled to 2-3 mm fractions, cryo-milled further and then leached with aqua regia. Leaching solutions were analysed for Ag, Al, As, Au, Be, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Sb, Sn and Zn. The leaching residues were pyrolysed, fused with LiBO2 and analysed for Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, P, Sc, Si, Sr, Ti, V, W, Y, Zr and Zn. The results gave a PCB weight of the total product weight of 43% for the routers and 21% for the two phone types. The main constituents of the PCBs were carbon polymers with a concentration of 34%, 30% and 25% for routers, mobile phones and smartphones, respectively and Cu, with a concentration of 22%, 34% and 40% for routers, mobile phones and smartphones, respectively. The concentrations of precious metals, Ag, Au and Pd, in PCBs were found to be 1213 ppm, 199 ppm and 20 ppm for the routers; 2640 ppm, 1051 ppm and 119 ppm for mobile phones; and 2773 ppm, 1083 ppm and 55 ppm for the smartphones, respectively. The concentrations of toxic metals, As, Be, Cr and Pb, in the PCBs were <70 ppm, 0.3 ppm, 506 ppm and 3413 ppm for routers; 93 ppm, 99 ppm, 953 ppm and 3747 ppm for mobile phones; and 141 ppm, 115 ppm, 1306 ppm and 260 ppm for smartphones, respectively. The results demonstrate that for toxic metals, the Pb content is lower in more modern smartphones compared with older mobile phones while the content of other toxic metals are fairly constant. For the routers, the Pb content was similar to the mobile phones, despite the later production year span (2004-2010) compared with the mobile phones (1999-2010). Regarding precious metals the contents of Ag and Au remain at same level when comparing older mobile phones with newer smartphones. Internet routers, modems and hubs are shown to also be a potential source for precious metals, with comparable concentrations to the two phone types if the total product weight is considered.
20.	Hössjer, Ola, 1964-, et al. (författare) Sharp lower and upper bounds for the covariance of bounded random variables 2022 Ingår i: Statistics and Probability Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7152 .- 1879-2103. ; 182 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper we derive sharp lower and upper bounds for the covariance of two bounded random variables which are applicable when knowledge about their expected values, variances or both is available. When only the expected values are known, our result can be viewed as an extension of the Bhatia–Davis inequality for variances. We also provide a number of different ways to standardize covariance. For a binary pair of random variables, one of these standardized measures of covariation agrees with a frequently used measure of dependence between genetic variants.
21.	Jönson, Håkan, 1964- (författare) Social democratic aging in the People's Home of Sweden 2005 Ingår i: Journal of Aging Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-4065 .- 1879-193X. ; 19:3, s. 291-308 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The article describes collective action frames and ideologically informed identities provided by the senior rights movement in Sweden, with special focus on the optimistic and future-oriented descriptions produced by the National Organization of Pensioners (PRO) between 1941 and 1976. These images are related to concepts from social movement theory and compared with competing action frames. It is concluded that the success of the PRO perspective should be understood in relation to the development and political culture of the Swedish welfare state during the 20th century. By presenting a history about the development from poor-law society to welfare state, PRO representatives mobilized members in resistance to enemies and injustices that were identified as forces of the past. The rhetoric of welfare progress helped members of PRO to frame improvements that would only benefit future pensioners, as part of a struggle against the stigma of poverty in old age. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
22.	Kurasov, Pavel, 1964-, et al. (författare) Gauge fields, point interactions and few-body problems in one dimension 2004 Ingår i: Reports on mathematical physics. - 0034-4877 .- 1879-0674. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
23.	Ljung, Lotta, 1964-, et al. (författare) Incidence and predisposing factors of extra-articular manifestations in contemporary rheumatoid arthritis 2024 Ingår i: European journal of internal medicine. - 0953-6205 .- 1879-0828. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis [RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, with potential for extra-articular manifestations (ExRA). The incidence and predisposing factors for ExRA and the mortality were evaluated in an early RA inception cohort.Methods: Patients (n = 1468; 69 % females, mean age (SD) 57.3(16.3) years) were consecutively included at the date of diagnosis, between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2016, and assessed prospectively. In December 2016 development of ExRA was evaluated by a patient questionnaire and a review of medical records. Cumulative incidence and incidence rates were compared between 5-year periods and between patients included before and after 1 January 2001. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to identify predictors for ExRA, and models with ExRA as time-dependent variables to estimate the mortality.Results: After a mean (SD) follow-up of 9.3(4.9) years, 238 cases (23.3 %) had ExRA and 151 (14.7 %) had ExRA without rheumatoid nodules. Most ExRA developed within 5 years from diagnosis. Rheumatoid nodules (10.5 %) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (7.1 %) were the most frequent manifestations, followed by pulmonary fibrosis (6.1 %). The ExRA incidence among more recently diagnosed patients was similar as to the incidence among patients diagnosed before 2001. Seropositivity, smoking and early biological treatment were associated with development of ExRA. After 15 years 20 % had experienced ExRA. ExRA was associated with increased mortality, HR 3.029 (95 % CI 2.177–4.213).Conclusions: Early development of ExRA is frequent, particularly rheumatoid nodules. Predisposing factors were age, RF positivity, smoking and early biological treatment. The patients with ExRA had a 3-fold increase in mortality.
24.	Marell, Agneta, 1964-, et al. (författare) Intelligent transportation system and traffic safety : – drivers perception and acceptance of electronic speed checkers 1999 Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - : Elsevier. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 7:2-3, s. 131-147 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) can play an important role in reducing risks and increasing traffic safety. Discussion as to whether a technological approach or a behavioral approach is the right way to achieve a safer traffic environment forms a point of departure for this paper. On the one hand, there are the technicians who emphasize technology as the way towards safer traffic. Behaviorists, on the other hand, view the drivers’ behavior as fundamental and argue that education and incentive-oriented policies are essential in order to influence the driver and therefore increase traffic safety. Independent of the approach advocated a successful outcome of either a technological improvement, or an information campaign, has to be based on a high level of acceptance among potential users. In order to increase traffic safety, it is therefore essential to recognize driver motivation and attitudes. In this paper we focus on drivers’ attitudes towards risk, traffic safety and safety measures. A study of drivers’ attitudes and acceptance of an electronic device for speed checking (which the drivers tested for nine months) indicated a high acceptance level. The drivers perceived that they had both become more aware of traffic regulations and behaved in accordance with safety regulations.
25.	Marell, Agneta, 1964-, et al. (författare) Intelligent transportation systems and traffic safety – Drivers perception and acceptance of electronic speed checkers. 1999 Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 7:2/3, s. 131-147 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
26.	McLoughlin, Stephen, 1964-, et al. (författare) Paurodendron stellatum: a new Permian permineralized herbaceous lycopsid from the Prince Charles Mountains, Antarctica 2015 Ingår i: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. - : Elsevier. - 0034-6667 .- 1879-0615. ; 220, s. 1-15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Diminutive, silica-permineralized lycopsid axes, from a Guadalupian (Middle Permian) silicified peat in the Bainmedart Coal Measures of East Antarctica are described and assigned to Paurodendron stellatum sp. nov. Axes consist only of primary-growth tissues with a vascular system characterized by an exarch actinostele with 6–20 protoxylem points. Stems have a relatively narrow cortex of thin-walled cells that are commonly degraded, but the root cortex typically contains more robust, thick-walled cells. The stems bear helically inserted, elliptical–rhombic, ligulate microphylls. Roots possess an eccentrically positioned monarch vascular strand. Paurodendron stellatum is one of a very small number of anatomically preserved lycopsid axes described from the Gondwanan Permian and represents the first post-Carboniferous record of this genus. Based on dispersed vegetative remains, megaspores and microspores, herbaceous lycopsids, such as P. stellatum, appear to have been important understorey components of both low- and high-latitude mire forests of the late Palaeozoic.
27.	McLoughlin, Stephen, 1964-, et al. (författare) Synchrotron X-ray imaging reveals the three-dimensional architecture of beetle borings (Dekosichnus meniscatus) in Middle–Late Jurassic araucarian conifer wood from Argentina 2022 Ingår i: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0034-6667 .- 1879-0615. ; , s. 104568-104568 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Longitudinally aligned borings attributed to the ichnotaxon Dekosichnus meniscatus in the inner secondary wood of a silicified Middle–Late Jurassic conifer from Argentina contain finely granular frass particles arranged in meniscoid laminae. Synchrotron X-ray computed tomographic reconstruction of the borings reveals new characters of this ichnotaxon, such as opposing orientations of menisci in some adjacent borings, regular spacing of minor and major meniscoid laminae, a scarcity of tunnel branching, and rare occurrences of cylindrical–spherical terminal chambers on excavations. Architectural and distributional features of the galleries suggest excavation by cerambycid beetle larvae, thus representing one of the earliest potential fossil records of this group. The borings are confined to the inner wood of a young tree that experienced a moderately seasonal climate in a volcanically influenced landscape. By detecting subtle heterogeneities in composition, this study demonstrates that high-energy synchrotron X-ray tomography can characterize anatomical features and complex ecological interactions within even densely permineralized (silicified) plant fossils.
28.	McLoughlin, Stephen, 1964-, et al. (författare) The reproductive biology of glossopterid gymnosperms—A review 2021 Ingår i: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0034-6667 .- 1879-0615. ; 295, s. 104527-104527 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We review recent advances on glossopterid reproductive biology and their implications for seed plant phylogeny and the ecology of this widespread Permian Gondwanan group. Microsporangiate organs are interpreted to have been arranged in loose compound cones—an organization that evokes comparisons with Ginkgoales, Cordaitales and early conifers. The pollen was typically taeniate, bisaccate, and primarily adapted to wind dispersal. The diverse ovuliferous organs generally incorporated some form of marginal flange or wing. In most cases, the wing was probably protective, wrapping around the ovules during early development. However, we postulate that some conspicuous flanges were potentially analogous to angiosperm petals, functioning as corolla-like guides to attract insect pollinators. The arrangement of seed-bearing polysperms adnate to the subtending leaf to form a fertiliger in glossopterids represented another means of protecting the ovules. In some cases, highlighting the polysperm against the attached leaf might have increased the showiness of the ovule-bearing part for pollinators. In other cases, detachment of the fertiliger may have aided anemochory by retarding seed fall through rotation analogous to dispersal in extant Tilia. The microgametophyte in glossopterids is characterized by a short, weakly branched, haustorial tube, and the release of motile sperm cells. At least some seeds of glossopterids express polyembryony. Mature seeds possessed various micropylar modifications for the entrapment of pollen, and winged or bulbous expansions of the outer integument to aid anemochory or possibly hydrochory. Vegetative regeneration as a response to damage occurred via epicormic buds and possibly by the development of lignotubers.
29.	Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al. (författare) Negative life events predict weight gain in a 13-year follow-up of an adult Swedish population. 2020 Ingår i: Journal of psychosomatic research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1360 .- 0022-3999. ; 132 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Increasing psychosocial stress may underlie contemporary obesity trends. We investigate cross-sectional and prospective associations between negative life events (NLEs) and anthropometric indicators, and whether these are explained by lifestyle, depression and sleeping problems.Participants in the Swedish INTERGENE cohort answered questions about ten types of NLE, and indicated whether they occurred during the last year or earlier (2001-04, n=2706). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured at baseline, and at follow-up (2014-16, n=974). Numbers of recent and distant NLE were related to anthropometric variables using linear models including age, sex, and education, and further adjusted for lifestyle, and psychological problems. Prospective models were adjusted for baseline anthropometric values.Participants reported on average 3.6 types of NLEs, of which 70% were experienced more than one year ago. At baseline, distant but not recent NLEs were associated with higher values of both BMI and WHR. These associations were explained in part by lifestyle and depression assessed at baseline. Recent but not distant NLEs predicted gain in BMI, 0.19 (0.07, 0.30) kg/m2, and WHR, 0.005 (0.002, 0.007), per event and independent of baseline covariates. The largest associations were seen for job insecurity and financial worries, with 0.35 (0.17, 0.52) kg/m2 increase in BMI corresponding to approximately 1.2kg per event, in both sexes.We observed positive associations between NLEs and weight gain over 13years including signs of latency and recovery regarding adverse weight development.
30.	Silfverskiöld, Stefan, 1964-, et al. (författare) Does the method for Military Utility Assessment of Future Technologies provide utility? 2021 Ingår i: Technology in society. - : Elsevier. - 0160-791X .- 1879-3274. ; 67, s. 1-10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Military Utility Assessment of Future Technologies (MUAFT) method was developed as a cost-efficientalternative to methods such as NATO’s Disruptive Technology Assessment Games, to be used as a part of theSwedish Armed Forces’ long-term capability development process. The question addressed in this study iswhether MUAFT can be considered to have validity in its context and thus if it has potential to be useful to othersmall to medium size states. The analysis was based on an operationalization of Clark’s framework for scienceand technology intelligence analysis, combined with a military capability centric view of military utility. MUAFTreports from 2012 to 2018 were reviewed in terms of how they satisfy five key criteria. The study shows thatMUAFT provides utility, if used by a suitably composed group of experts, who are aware of the method’s limitations.The limitations mainly originate from a lack of explicit support for assessing the impact of forces forchange, other than technological forces, on military capability development. The expert group serves as thesynthesizing bridge between technology forecasts and military utility assessments. Therefore, comprehensiveexpertise is needed in various military technology specialisations, in the sponsor’s military capabilities and insubjects necessary to master in order to assess other influential societal forces for change.
31.	Toll, Staffan, 1964- (författare) Second order shear lag theory 2012 Ingår i: Composites Science And Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-3538 .- 1879-1050. ; 72:12, s. 1313-1317 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The standard shear lag theory for elastic aligned short-fibre composites is extended to allow for a gradient of overall strain. The result is a one-dimensional strain gradient theory of the Toupin-Mindlin type. All parameters are the same as in the standard theory, and in the limits of weak strain gradients, large fibre aspect ratios or low elastic modulus ratios, the standard theory is recovered. The gradient effect is illustrated by a simple one-dimensional boundary value problem: a vertical composite rod fixed at both ends and loaded by gravity. The fibre length significantly affects the solution when the fibres are rigid and their length is near the rod length; but otherwise the effect is weak.
32.	Torgersson, Olof, 1964, et al. (författare) Using Text Generation to Access Clinical Data in a Variety of Contexts 2002 Ingår i: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - 1879-8365 .- 0926-9630. ; 90, s. 460-465 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract MedView is a joint project with participants from oral medicine and computer science. The aim of the project is to build a large database from patient examinations and produce computerised tools to access data in various ways. One way to access data is to read case descriptions generated from stored cases. We give a description of how documents are generated from data and how these are used in a variety of contexts to supply useful information.
33.	Wikström, Fredrik, 1964-, et al. (författare) The influence of packaging attributes on consumer behaviour in food-packaging life cycle assessment studies - a neglected topic 2014 Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 73, s. 100-108 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The role of packaging systems to reduce food waste is rarely modelled in life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. This means that a packaging system format with a lower environmental impact that causes high food waste, may appear to be a better alternative than a packaging system with a higher environmental impact that reduces food waste. This can be contradictory to the purpose of using LCA to reduce overall environmental impacts, because food generally has a higher environmental impact than the packaging system. This paper highlights packaging attributes that may influence food waste, and demonstrates via six packaging scenarios how the environmental impact for the functional unit of “eaten food” can be calculated when food waste is included. The results show that the function of “avoiding food waste” is a critical packaging issue. The connection between packaging design and food waste should be acknowledged and valued by relevant stakeholders such as: food producers, manufacturers, brand owners, retailers and consumers, and also in packaging regulations. To fully explore the potential for packaging systems to reduce their overall environmental impact, food waste should be included.
34.	Wikström, Fredrik, 1964-, et al. (författare) The influence of packaging attributes on recycling and food waste behaviour – An environmental comparison of two packaging alternatives 2016 Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 137, s. 895-902 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper analyses how user behaviour influences the environmental comparison of two different packages for minced meat - a lightweight tube and a tray. The direct and indirect environmental effects are evaluated using simplified LCA. A number of packaging attributes with regard to food waste and recycling behaviour are analysed for the packages, and then used for the scenario calculations. The results show that the tube is the superior environmental alternative when only the direct effects are considered. When indirect effects and user behaviour are included in the comparison, the tray is the better alternative due to higher recycling rates and, most importantly, less food waste during the process of emptying. However, the environmental impacts due to the food waste in the tube may be compensated for, if the longer shelf-life of the tube results in lower wastage in the households. It is concluded that indirect environmental effects and user behaviour should be included in environmental assessments of packaging to obtain meaningful results.
35.	Örtorp, Anders, 1964, et al. (författare) The fit of cobalt-chromium three-unit fixed dental prostheses fabricated with four different techniques: A comparative in vitro study. 2011 Ingår i: Dental materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0097 .- 0109-5641. ; 27:4, s. 356-363 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate and compare the marginal and internal fit in vitro of three-unit FDPs in Co-Cr made using four fabrication techniques, and to conclude in which area the largest misfit is present. METHODS: An epoxy resin master model was produced. The impression was first made with silicone, and master and working models were then produced. A total of 32 three-unit Co-Cr FDPs were fabricated with four different production techniques: conventional lost-wax method (LW), milled wax with lost-wax method (MW), milled Co-Cr (MC), and direct laser metal sintering (DLMS). Each of the four groups consisted of eight FDPs (test groups). The FDPs were cemented on their cast and standardised-sectioned. The cement film thickness of the marginal and internal gaps was measured in a stereomicroscope, digital photos were taken at 12× magnification and then analyzed using measurement software. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: Best fit based on the means (SDs) in μm for all measurement points was in the DLMS group 84 (60) followed by MW 117 (89), LW 133 (89) and MC 166 (135). Significant differences were present between MC and DLMS (p<0.05). The regression analyses presented differences within the parameters: production technique, tooth size, position and measurement point (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: Best fit was found in the DLMS group followed by MW, LW and MC. In all four groups, best fit in both abutments was along the axial walls and in the deepest part of the chamfer preparation. The greatest misfit was present occlusally in all specimens.
36.	Alpenberg, Jan, Docent, 1964-, et al. (författare) Environmental performance measurement in a Swedish municipality – Motives and stages 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 370 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper we study the motives behind sustainability strategy implementation and how the performance measurement system (PMS) is modified during different development stages in a municipal organization. We use a case study approach and focus on one of the greenest municipalities in Europe, Växjö municipality in Sweden. With empirical results supporting the existence of several phases during the implementation process, our research offers two important contributions. First, it provides additional insight in the set of motives for the use of PMS during different development phases. Main stakeholders, politicians and managers of municipal departments and municipality owned companies, have revealed several “layers” of motives, which have shaped the development of the PMS. Second, the research also show that the PMS has a noticeable symbolic importance in promoting and communicating the green strategy to citizens and businesses in the region.
37.	Grahn, Inga-Lill, 1964, et al. (författare) Accounting for changes in series of vocalisations – Professional vision in a gym-training session 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 212, s. 72-86 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper presents a study of vocalisations, i.e., non-lexical sounds, in video-filmed sessions of gym training where one personal trainer (PT) and three clients are working out together. The object of study are series of vocalisations performed in connection with series of physical exercises, and the participants' orientation to change in such series is explained using the notion of professional vision (Goodwin 1994, 2013, 2018). We use sequential analysis of the multi-modal interaction, focusing on the PT's interactional work to make changes in series of vocalisations accountable. Our results show how vocalisations are recycled by the PT, transformed in new interactional contexts and thereby rebuilt into new social actions such as correcting, criticising or instructing. The under-specified nature of vocalisations (Keevallik and Ogden 2020) gives the PT an opportunity to reuse them as objects of knowledge for the members of the group, sharing his professional vision in co-operative actions (Goodwin 2013). The study potentially contributes not only to research into vocalisations as one of humans' communicative resources for inter-subjective understanding, but also to the analysis of professional practices used for providing physical health-care.
38.	Hedegaard Sørensen, Claus, 1964-, et al. (författare) The role of meta-governance in public transport systems : A comparison of major urban regions in Denmark and England 2023 Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 130, s. 37-45 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The governance of public transport is experiencing growing interest as a field of research. Collaboration, contracts, ownership are among the concepts applied in the literature. Outside the specific field of public transport, the term meta-governance and meta-governors - referring to actors and activities that aim to govern and guide a network - has gained increased attention. The point of departure for this article is to study if and to what extent the concept of meta-governance can contribute additional insight to the study of public transport governance, if signs of meta-governance in public transport can be observed in two cases included in the study, and finally, what the nature is of the networks within which it takes place. The cases are the Copenhagen Region, Denmark, and the West Midlands Region, England. In both cases there are signs of meta-governance. It is not clear whether it has increased in scale or level of activity over recent years, but it is likely to increase in the future. The core meta-governor identified in both cases is the passenger transport authority, although in the Danish case there are more actors of almost similar significance and governing capability. We conclude that the meta-governance concept adds to other concepts used in analyses of public transport governance by including more instruments of governance, bringing to the fore the need of a core, nodal actor, and by stressing furthermore the autonomy but also interdependence of other actors in the network.
39.	Jaarsma, Tiny, Professor, 1964-, et al. (författare) We told you so : knowledge is not enough to improve heart failure self-care behaviour 2019 Ingår i: ESC Heart Failure. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2055-5822. ; 21:11, s. 1443-1444 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract n/a
40.	James, Stefan K., 1964-, et al. (författare) Usefulness of biomarkers for predicting long-term mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (A GUSTO IV substudy) 2006 Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 97:2, s. 167-172 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The present study evaluated whether biomarkers of ischemia, inflammation, myocardial damage, and dysfunction are equally useful in patients who have diabetes mellitus (DM) for prediction of cardiac events in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS). DM was present in 1,677 of 7,800 patients (21.5%) who had non-ST-elevation ACS and were included in the Fourth Global Utilization of Strategies To Open Occluded Arteries (GUSTO IV) trial. Creatinine, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), troponin T, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 were analyzed in serum samples that were obtained at a median of 9.5 hours from symptom onset. One-year mortality rates were 13.5% among patients who had DM (n = 227) and 6.9% among those who did not (n = 418, p < 0.001). The median level of NT-pro-BNP was 2 times as high in patients who had DM, whereas troponin T levels did not differ by DM status. Mortality increased with ascending quartiles of NT-pro-BNP, with 1-year mortality rates of 3.9% (n = 11) in the bottom quartile and 29% (n = 103) in the top quartile. In multivariable analyses, factors that were predictive of 1-year mortality in patients who did not have DM were also significant for those who did. Presence of ST depression > 0.5 mm had the highest odds ratio of 2.3 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 4.6). NT-pro-BNP levels > 669 ng/L (odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 3.6) and interleukin-6 levels > 10 ng/L (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 3.0) were significant biomarker predictors. In conclusion, DM confers a high long-term mortality in non-ST-elevation ACS. Despite a larger proportion of ST depression and increased levels of NT-pro-BNP and interleukin-6 at admission, these factors provide independent prognostic information that may improve risk stratification and guidance of treatment.
41.	Sjöstedt de Luna, Sara, 1964- (författare) Some properties of weakly approaching sequences of distributions 2005 Ingår i: Statistics and Probability Letters. - 0167-7152 .- 1879-2103. ; 75, s. 119-126 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
42.	Acuña Mora, Mariela, 1990, et al. (författare) The Scope of Research on Transfer and Transition in Young Persons With Chronic Conditions 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1054-139X .- 1879-1972. ; 65:5, s. 581-589 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose To determine the amount, type, and evidence level of published literature on transfer and/or transition of young people with chronic conditions (CCs) and to describe the characteristics of such studies. Methods Databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for publications in English, French, Spanish, Dutch, or Swedish. Included publications were related to transfer and/or transition of young persons (10–25 years) with a CC. Grey literature was excluded. Region and country where the study was performed, type of study design, study population (i.e., type of CC, sample size, group), and data collection methods were extracted from the studies. Results We included 952 publications for data analysis, of which 790 were quantitative, 128 qualitative, and 34 multimethods or mixed methods studies. Only seven studies were experimental designs, and the majority (n = 341) were categorized as expert opinion or narrative reviews. Endocrinology and neurology were the most common medical specialties involved in the studies, and young persons were the most represented group, while health-care providers were involved the least. Conclusions The majority of publications are categorized at the lowest evidence level. Furthermore, evidence is limited to a certain group of medical specialties.
43.	Adamson, Carly, et al. (författare) Efficacy of Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction According to Body Mass Index. 2021 Ingår i: European journal of heart failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 23:10, s. 1662-1672 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIMS: In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), there is an ’obesity paradox’, where survival is better in patients with a higher body mass index (BMI) and weight loss is associated with worse outcomes. We examined the effect of a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor according to baseline BMI in the Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse- outcomes in Heart Failure trial (DAPA-HF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Body mass index was examined using standard categories, i.e. underweight ($<$18.5 kg/m(2) ); normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) ); overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m(2) ); obesity class I (30.0-34.9 kg/m(2) ); obesity class II (35.0-39.9 kg/m(2) ); and obesity class III ($>$/=40 kg/m(2) ). The primary outcome in DAPA-HF was the composite of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death. Overall, 1348 patients (28.4%) were under/normal- weight, 1722 (36.3%) overweight, 1013 (21.4%) obesity class I and 659 (13.9%) obesity class II/III. The unadjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for the primary outcome with obesity class 1, the lowest risk group, as reference was: under/normal-weight 1.41 (1.16-1.71), overweight 1.18 (0.97-1.42), obesity class II/III 1.37 (1.10-1.72). Patients with class I obesity were also at lowest risk of death. The effect of dapagliflozin on the primary outcome and other outcomes did not vary by baseline BMI, e.g. hazard ratio for primary outcome: under/normal-weight 0.74 (0.58-0.94), overweight 0.81 (0.65-1.02), obesity class I 0.68 (0.50-0.92), obesity class II/III 0.71 (0.51-1.00) (P-value for interaction = 0.79). The mean decrease in weight at 8 months with dapagliflozin was 0.9 (0.7-1.1) kg (P $<$ 0.001). CONCLUSION: We confirmed an ’obesity survival paradox’ in HFrEF. We showed that dapagliflozin was beneficial across the wide range of BMI studied. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03036124.
44.	Afshari, Kevin, et al. (författare) Prognostic factors for survival in stage IV rectal cancer: A Swedish nationwide case–control study 2019 Ingår i: Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-7404 .- 1879-3320. ; 29, s. 102-106 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The aim was to identify patient-, tumor- and treatment-related prognostic factors for five-year survival in rectal cancer patients with synchronous stage IV disease. Material and methods: This nationwide case-control study was based on the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry with supplementary information from medical records and the Swedish Inpatient Registry during the period 2000–2008. All resected rectal cancer patients with synchronous metastases that survived more than five years were included as cases. The control group consisted of corresponding patients who lived less than five years, matched in a 1:2 based on gender, age, resection of the rectal tumor, and the study period. Results: A total of 405 patients were identified; 99 long-term survivors (LTS) and 182 short-term survivors (STS). Patient-related factors of symptoms and comorbidity did not differ between LTS and STS. Among the treatment-related factors, multiple site metastases (p = 0.007), bilobar liver metastasis (p = 0.002), and increasing number of liver metastasis (p < 0.001) were associated with STS. Prognostic treatment-related factors were preoperative radiotherapy (p = 0.001), metastasectomy (p < 0.001), and radical resection of the primary tumor (p = 0.014). In the multivariable analysis, the single most important factor for becoming a LTS was a metastasectomy (hazard ratio: 8.474, 95% confidence interval: 4.098–17.543). Conclusions: The most important prognostic factor for long-term survival in patients with stage IV rectal cancer was metastasectomy, especially liver surgery. With thorough selection of patients for metastasectomy more patients with metastasized rectal cancer may survive beyond five years. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
45.	Aggarwal, Ruchi, et al. (författare) Sunlight promoted removal of toxic hexavalent chromium by cellulose derived photoactive carbon dots 2022 Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 287 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A scalable synthetic procedure for fabricating photoactive carbon dots (CD) from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is presented. The MCC was transformed into a photoactive nanosized CD by a one-step acid-assisted thermal-carbonization (~90 °C for 30 min). The efficiency of the obtained CD was determined by photo-removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from wastewater. CD obtained from cellulose completely removed 20 ppm of Cr(VI) wastewater within ∼120 min under sunlight illumination. No Cr(VI) removal was observed in dark conditions and with control cellulose material as reference samples. The Cr(VI) removal follows pseudo-first-order kinetics along with a half-life of ∼26 min. Furthermore, the Cr(VI) removal from wastewater was supported via cyclic voltammetry analysis. Using a low-cost, naturally available cellulose material and sulfuric acid, the world's most-used chemical, creates techno-economic prerequisites for a scalable process of photoactive carbon dots.
46.	Ahlström, Christer, 1977-, et al. (författare) Effects of the road environment on the development of driver sleepiness in young male drivers 2018 Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 112, s. 127-134 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Latent driver sleepiness may in some cases be masked by for example social interaction, stress and physical activity. This short-term modulation of sleepiness may also result from environmental factors, such as when driving in stimulating environments. The aim of this study is to compare two road environments and investigate how they affect driver sleepiness. Thirty young male drivers participated in a driving simulator experiment where they drove two scenarios: a rural environment with winding roads and low traffic density, and a suburban road with higher traffic density and a more built-up roadside environment. The driving task was essentially the same in both scenarios, i.e. to stay on the road, without much interaction with other road users. A 2 x 2 design, with the conditions rural versus suburban, and daytime (full sleep) versus night-time (sleep deprived), was used. The results show that there were only minor effects of the road environment on subjective and physiological indicators of sleepiness. In contrast, there was an increase in subjective sleepiness, longer blink durations and increased EEG alpha content, both due to time on task and to night-time driving. The two road environments differed both in terms of the demand on driver action and of visual load, and the results indicate that action demand is the more important of the two factors. The notion that driver fatigue should be countered in a more stimulating visual environment such as in the city is thus more likely due to increased task demand rather than to a richer visual scenery. This should be investigated in further studies.
47.	Alexanderson, Camilla, 1978, et al. (författare) A single early postnatal estradiol injection affects morphology and gene expression of the ovary and parametrial adipose tissue in adult female rats. 2010 Ingår i: The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1220 .- 0960-0760. ; 122:1-3, s. 82-90 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Events during early life can affect reproductive and metabolic functions in adulthood. We evaluated the programming effects of a single early postnatal estradiol injection (within 3h after birth) in female rats. We assessed ovarian and parametrial adipose tissue morphology, evaluated gene expression related to follicular development and adipose tissue metabolism, and developed a non-invasive volumetric estimation of parametrial adipose tissue by magnetic resonance imaging. Estradiol reduced ovarian weight, increased antral follicle size and number of atretic antral follicles, and decreased theca interna thickness in atretic antral follicles. Adult estradiol-injected rats also had malformed vaginal openings and lacked corpora lutea, confirming anovulation. Estradiol markedly reduced parametrial adipose tissue mass. Adipocyte size was unchanged, suggesting reduced adipocyte number. Parametrial adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity was increased. In ovaries, estradiol increased mRNA expression of adiponectin, complement component 3, estrogen receptor alpha, and glucose transporter 3 and 4; in parametrial adipose tissue, expression of complement component 3 was increased, expression of estrogen receptor alpha was decreased, and expression of leptin, lipoprotein lipase, and hormone-sensitive lipase was unaffected. These findings suggest that early postnatal estradiol exposure of female rats result in long-lasting effects on the ovary and parametrial adipose tissue at adult age.
48.	Alfonzo, Emilia, et al. (författare) No survival difference between robotic and open radical hysterectomy for women with early-stage cervical cancer: results from a nationwide population-based cohort study 2019 Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 116, s. 169-177 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after open and robotic radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. Patients and methods: This was a nationwide population-based cohort study on all women with cervical cancer stage IA1-IB of squamous, adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous histological subtypes, from January 2011 to December 2017, for whom radical hysterectomy was performed. The Swedish Quality Register of Gynaecologic Cancer was used for identification. To ensure quality and conformity of data and to disclose patients not yet registered, hospital registries were reviewed and validated. Cox and propensity score regression analysis and univariable and multivariable regression analysis were performed in regard to OS and DFS. Results: There were 864 women (236 open and 628 robotic) included in the study. The 5-year OS was 92% and 94% and DFS was 84% and 88% for the open and robotic cohorts, respectively. The recurrence pattern was similar in both groups. Using propensity score analysis and matched cohorts of 232 women in each surgical group, no significant differences were seen in survival: 5-year OS of 92% in both groups (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50–2.01) and DFS of 85% vs 84% in the open and robotic cohort, respectively (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.66–1.78). In univariable and multivariable analysis with OS as the end-point, no significant factors were found, and in regard to DFS, tumour size (p < 0.001) and grade 3 (p = 0.02) were found as independent significant risk factors. Conclusion: In a complete nationwide population-based cohort, where radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer is highly centralised, neither long-term survival nor pattern of recurrence differed significantly between open and robotic surgery. © 2019 The Authors
49.	Ali, Y, et al. (författare) MedView-design and adoption of an interactive system for oral medicine. 2000 Ingår i: Studies in health technology and informatics. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. ; 77, s. 3-7 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract MedView is a joint project with participants from oral medicine and computer science. The aim of the project is to build a large database from patient examinations and produce computerized tools to extend, view, and analyze the contents of the database. The contents of the data base is based on a formalization of health-care processes and clinical knowledge in oral medicine harmonized within the network SOMNET. We give an overview of the current status of the MedView project and discuss background and future directions.
50.	Almroth, Per, 1975-, et al. (författare) Modeling of the high temperature behaviour of IN792 in gas turbine hot parts 2002 Ingår i: Computational materials science. - 0927-0256 .- 1879-0801. ; 25:3, s. 305-315 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The material parameters for two isothermal viscoplastic models with deliberately limited sets of material parameters have been estimated. The models are to describe the behaviour of the nickel based superalloy IN792 in a gas turbine hot part application. The models are based on a power law flow equation and the state variable used is backstress. The model calibration is done by least-squares optimization using non-standard constitutive tests that are aimed at describing relevant component conditions. The constitutive tests give information about the kinematic hardening effects for the backstress evolution equations, while secondary creep data provides stress versus inelastic strain rate information for the flow equation. All tests are uniaxial and isothermal. With the estimated parameter sets the models give relatively good fits to the data. The results suggest that the models can be used to describe the high temperature behaviour of IN792. ⌐ 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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