| 1. |
- Bïlbïie, Gabriela, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the special issue Experimental and Corpus-based Approaches to Ellipsis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 59:2, s. 229-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ellipsis has been, and continues to be, of both theoretical and empirical interest. It affects the syntax of phrases or clauses by stranding their various constituents but keeps the semantics of the stranded constituents identical to that of their non-elliptical counterparts. The theoretical value of ellipsis lies, therefore, in the relationship between meaning and form that it encodes, such that a complete propositional meaning is paired with what appears to be a syntactically incomplete form. This property of ellipsis has inspired researchers to probe, in particular, the syntax of ellipsis and the role the surrounding context plays in helping resolve ellipsis, as stranded constituents depend on the surrounding context for their interpretation. Among the constructions that have attracted considerable attention over the years are clausal ellipsis (e.g. sluicing (Example 1), sprouting (Example 2), stripping (Example 3), and fragments (Example 4)), pseudogapping (Example 5), gapping (Example 6), and Right Node Raising (RNR) (Example 7), all of which are discussed in the contributions to this special issue.
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| 2. |
- Brandtler, Johan, 1978-
(författare)
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The question of form in the forming of questions : The meaning and use of clefted wh-interrogatives in Swedish
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 55:4, s. 755-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the meaning and use of clefted wh-interrogatives (I-clefts) in Swedish. It is shown that I-clefts always relate immediately to the topic under discussion and serve to clarify a matter in relation to this topic. They are never used in out-of-the-blue contexts. I argue that I-clefts have the same information structure as typically assumed for declarative clefts: the clefted clause expresses an existential presupposition and the cleft phrase is the identificational focus of the utterance. I further argue that the implication of existence commonly associated with canonical argument questions is weaker (a conversational implicature) than the existential presupposition associated with clefts. The results from an extensive corpus survey show that argument I-clefts (who, what) constitute no less than 98% of the total number of I-clefts in my material. This frequency is linked to the presuppositional status of the cleft construction: in contexts where the denoted event is presupposed as part of the common ground, the clefted variety is the more effective choice, due to its clear partitioning of focus and ground. The ‘cost’ of using a more complex syntactic structure (the cleft) is thus counterbalanced by the benefit of being able to pose a question adjusted to the contextual requirements. As non-argument questions are typically presuppositional irrespective of syntactic form, the gain of using a cleft is less obvious – hence their infrequency in the material.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Olof, 1945-
(författare)
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Scandinavian gender agreement revisited
- 1979
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 15:1, s. 93-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Hamann, Silke, et al.
(författare)
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*NT revisited again: An approach to postnasal laryngeal alternations with perceptual Cue constraints
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 53:1, s. 85-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phonological alternations in homorganic nasal–stop sequences provide a continuing topic of investigation for phonologists and phoneticians alike. Surveys like Herbert (1986), Rosenthal (1989), Steriade (1993) and Hyman (2001) demonstrate that cross-linguistically the most common process is for the postnasal stop to become voiced, as captured by Pater’s (1999) markedness constraint *NT. However, as observed since Hyman (2001), *NT alone does not account for all postnasal patterns of laryngeal alternation. In this paper, we focus on three problematic patterns. First, in some languages with a two-way laryngeal contrast, voiceless stops are aspirated postnasally, i.e. the contrast between NT and ND is enhanced, not neutralized. Second, in some languages with a three-way laryngeal contrast, the voicing contrast is maintained postnasally, while the aspiration contrast neutralizes in favour of aspiration. Third, in other languages with a three-way laryngeal contrast we find the opposite postnasal aspiration neutralization: aspiration is lost. We argue that an analysis based on perceptual cues provides the best account for this range of alternations. It demonstrates the crucial role of perceptual cues and laryngeal contrasts in a particular language while fitting the range of patterns into an Optimality Theoretic factorial typology that covers a wider range of postnasal laryngeal alternations than previous analyses.
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| 7. |
- Korolija, Natascha, et al.
(författare)
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Episodes : coding and analyzing coherence in multiparty conversation
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 34:4, s. 799-831
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Episodes in Conversatum are topically and interactionally defined. They are boundaried sequences at a structually intermediate level, that is, above the level of utterance/turn but below that of the whofe encounter and its major phases. We argue that episodes and topics are equally basic tp conversations. The initiation of a newepisode involes, per definition, the introtiuction of something new. On the oter hand, episode initiation.! are systematically dependent on lextual and contextual resorces that speakers take as given, when - in the interaction - they guide their interlocutors into doing or talking about sornething new. This poper presents the fundamentals of a modef ofepisode structure and its relations to contextual resources. It also outlines a method, topical episode analysis, for coding and analyzing coherence in terms of episode structure in (especially mu!tiparty) conversation.
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| 8. |
- Ljung, Magnus, 1935-
(författare)
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-ed adjectives revisited
- 1976
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 12:1, s. 159-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 12. |
- Vesterinen, Rainer, 1965-
(författare)
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Mood alternation in Spanish conditional clauses : Condition, cause and the dominion hypothesis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267 .- 1469-7742. ; 52:1, s. 175-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper analyzes the mood alternation between conditional clauses introduced by the particle si (‘if’), on the one hand, and by conditional conjunctions such as a condición de que (‘on the condition that’), con tal de que (‘provided that’) and siempre y cuando (‘as long as’), on the other hand. Situated within the theoretical perspective of Cognitive Grammar, the paper argues that the conceptual content of the linguistic unit that introduces the conditional clause determines mood choice. In particular, it is claimed that the indicative mood in si-clauses reflects the conceptualizer’s reasoning about the causal relation between two events. By contrast, the occurrence of the subjunctive mood in other conditional clauses is analyzed as a natural effect of the condition expressed by the conditional conjunction. The analysis further shows that the mood alternation can be explained by the concept of dominion. The particle si introduces a clause that is located within the conceptualizer’s epistemic dominion, whereas other conditional conjunctions introduce clauses that are located outside the dominion of effective control.
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| 13. |
- Barddal, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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The change that never happened: the story of oblique subjects
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267. ; 39:3, s. 439-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper contributes to an ongoing debate on the syntactic status of oblique subject-like NPs in the ‘impersonal’ construction (of the type me-thinks) in Old Germanic. The debate is caused by the lack of canonical subject case marking in such NPs. It has been argued that these NPs are syntactic objects, but we provide evidence for their subject status, as in Modern Icelandic and Faroese. Thus, we argue that the syntactic status of the oblique subject-like NPs has not changed at all from object status to subject status, contra standard claims in the literature. Our evidence stems from Old Icelandic, but the analysis has implications for the other old Germanic languages as well. However, a change from non-canonical to canonical subject case marking (‘Nominative Sickness’) has affected all the Germanic languages to a varying degree.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Caballero Rodríguez, Rosario, et al.
(författare)
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Verbs in speech framing expressions : Comparing English and Spanish
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267. ; 54:1, s. 45-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this large-scale corpus study, we explore how direct speech is portrayed in English and Spanish Speech Framing Expressions (SFEs).While the whole SFE is taken into account in the semantic analysis, our specific focus is the finite verb of the SFE. The study has two aims. Firstly, we survey the use of verbs in SFEs and offer a comprehensive inventory of those verbs in English and Spanish as representatives of Germanic and Romance languages respectively in order to determine what verb meanings are used to cue direct speech, what lexical resources contribute these meanings, and how rich and varied these vocabularies are in the two languages. Secondly, this groundwork and the comparisons across the languages allow for making a theoretical contribution to the debate about general typological differences in the semantics and lexicalization patterns of verbs in Germanic and Romance languages to the area of verbs for speech and to meaning modelling in general. Five main semantic categories of verbs were identified in the analysis: SPEECH, ACTIVITY, PERCEPTION, COGNITION and EMOTION. We show that Spanish features a much more varied repertoire than English and makes more use of verbs related to the domains of thinking and reasoning, while the physical domain is the preferred one in the English data set. It emerges that even though the same types of lexical resources are available in both languages, their various ways of describing direct speech differ to a large extent. Semantically speaking, Spanish verbs are richer and more elaborate and, contrary to the received view in motion research, Spanish manner meanings play an important role in the lexicalization of its verbs.
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| 18. |
- Nykiel, Joanna, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Case-matching effects under clausal ellipsis and the cue-based theory of sentence processing
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Linguistics. - 0022-2267. ; 59:2, s. 327-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is concerned with case-matching effects under clausal ellipsis. We begin by considering available crosslinguistic data that indicate that variation in case marking on a fragment is delimited by the argument structure of the lexical head that assigns case to the fragment's correlate in the antecedent clause. We then offer experimental evidence for a case-matching preference in Korean when a fragment and its correlate may differ in case marking. This case-matching preference corresponds to a known case of mandatory case-matching in Hungarian, but their relationship is not predicted by any of the existing syntactic accounts of case-matching effects under clausal ellipsis. We propose a novel perspective on fragments that derives case-matching effects, including optional and mandatory case matching, from the predictions of cue-based retrieval. Two further acceptability judgment studies are offered in support of our proposal.
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