| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Arnadottir, Solrun Dogg, et al.
(author)
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Aflimanir ofan ökkla 2010-2019 vegna útæðasjúkdóms og/eða sykursýki : Aðdragandi og áhættuþættir
- 2024
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In: Laeknabladid. - : LAEKNAFELAG ISLANDS-ICELANDIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 110:1, s. 20-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: No recent studies exist on lower extremity amputations (LLAs) in Iceland. The aim of this study was to investigate LLA incidence in Iceland 2010-2019 and preceding procedures in amputations induced by peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study on clinical records of all patients (>18 years) who underwent LLA in Iceland's two main hospitals during 2010-2019. Patients were excluded if LLA was performed for reasons other than DM and/or PAD. Symptoms, medication and circulation assessment were recorded from first hospital visit due to symptoms, and prior to the last LLA, respectively. Previous arterial surgeries and amputations were also recorded.RESULTS: A total of 167 patients underwent LLA. Thereof, 134 (77 ± 11 years, 93 men and 41 woman) due to DM and/or PAD. The LLA-rate due to those diseases increased from 4.1/100,000 inhabitants in 2010-2013 to 6.7/100,000 in 2016-2019 (p=0,04). Risk factors were mainly hypertension, 84%, and smoking, 69%. Chronic limb -threatening ischemia induced 71% of first hospital visits. Revascularisations were performed (66% endovascular) in 101 patients. Non -diabetic patients were 52% and had statins less frequently prescribed than DM patients (26:45, p<0.001).CONCLUSION: DM and/or PAD are the leading causes of LLA in Iceland. Amputation rate increased during the period but is low in an international context. Amputation is most often preceded by arterial surgery. DM is present in almost half of cases, similar or less than in most other countries. Opportunities for improved prevention should aim on earlier diagnosis and preventive treatment of non -diabetic individuals with PAD.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Birgisson, Helgi, et al.
(author)
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Skimun fyrir krabbameinum í ristli og endaþarmi : Yfirlitsgrein um nýgengi, dánartíðni, kostnað og árangur
- 2021
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In: Laeknabladid. - : LAEKNAFELAG ISLANDS-ICELANDIC MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 107:9, s. 398-405
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article the incidence and mortality for cancer of the colon and rectum in Iceland is discussed. The two most common screening methods, faecal immunochemical test (FIT) and colonoscopy are compared and an estimate of cost and benefits for the Icelandic society will be made. The incidence of cancer of the colon and rectum has been increasing in Iceland in last decades but mortality has decreased and survival improved. However, more individuals die from cancer of the colon and rectum than from both breast-and cervical cancer added together. It is likely that screening for cancer of the colon and rectum, could prevent at least 6 of the 28 deaths related to those cancers, occurring yearly in Iceland in screening age, given a screening ages of 50-74 years. The extra cost for the Icelandic community due to the implementation of screening for cancer of the colon and rectum will be acceptable due to the lower cost of simpler treatments, lower cancer incidence and reduced mortality.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Garoarsdottir, Helga Run, et al.
(author)
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Árangur kransæðahjáveituaðgerða hjá konum á Íslandi
- 2018
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In: Laeknabladid. - : LAEKNAFELAG ISLANDS-ICELANDIC MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 104:7-8, s. 335-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- InngangurMarkmið þessarar rannsóknar var að bera saman árangur kransæða-hjáveituaðgerða hjá konum og körlum á Íslandi með áherslu á snemm- og síðkomna fylgikvilla, 30 daga dánartíðni og langtímalifun.Efniviður og aðferðirAfturskyggn rannsókn á öllum sjúklingum sem gengust undir kransæðahjáveituaðgerð á Íslandi á árunum 2001-2013. Upplýsingar fengust úr sjúkraskrám og Dánarmeinaskrá Embættis landlæknis. Fylgikvillum var skipt í snemm- og síðkomna fylgikvilla og heildarlif-un reiknuð með aðferð Kaplan-Meier. Fjölþátta aðhvarfsgreining var notuð til að meta forspárþætti dauða innan 30 daga og Cox aðhvarfs-greining til að meta forspárþætti verri langtímalifunar. Meðaleftirfylgd var 6,8 ár. NiðurstöðurAf 1755 sjúklingum voru 318 konur (18%). Meðalaldur þeirra var fjórum árum hærri en karla (69 ár á móti 65 árum, p<0,001), þær höfðu oftar sögu um háþrýsting (72% á móti 64%, p=0,009) og EuroSCOREst þeirra var hærra (6,1 á móti 4,3, p<0,001). Hlutfall annarra áhættu-þátta eins og sykursýki var hins vegar sambærilegt, líkt og útbreiðsla kransæðasjúkdóms. Alls létust 12 konur (4%) og 30 karlar (2%) innan 30 daga frá aðgerð en munurinn var ekki marktækur (p=0,08). Tíðni snemmkominna fylgikvilla, bæði minniháttar (53% á móti 48% p=0,07) og alvarlegra (13% á móti 11%, p=0,2), var sambærileg. Fimm árum frá aðgerð var lifun kvenna 87% borin saman við 90% hjá körlum (p=0,09). Þá var tíðni síðkominna fylgikvilla sambærileg hjá konum og körlum 5 árum frá aðgerð (21% á móti 19%, p=0,3). Kvenkyn reyndist hvorki sjálfstæður forspárþáttur 30 daga dánartíðni (OR 0,99; 95%-ÖB: 0,97-1,01) né verri lifunar (HR 1,08; 95%-ÖB: 0,82-1,42).Ályktun Mun færri konur en karlar gangast undir kransæðahjáveituaðgerð á Íslandi og eru þær fjórum árum eldri þegar kemur að aðgerð. Árangur kransæðahjáveitu er góður hjá konum líkt og körlum, en 5 árum eftir aðgerð eru 87% kvenna á lífi.
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| 7. |
- Gudbjartsson, Tómas, et al.
(author)
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Mennun, starfsvettvangur og framtídarhorfur a vinnumarkadi íslenskra skurdlaekna
- 2010
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 96:10, s. 9-603
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Information about the education, training and future employment prospects of Icelandic surgeons has not been available.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included all Icelandic surgeons, in all subspecialties, educated at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Iceland. Information on specialty training, higher academic degrees and in which country these were obtained was collected. Future employment prospects were analysed by calculating supply and demand until the year 2025. Approximations, such as sustained demand for surgeons per capita, were used.RESULTS: Out of 237 licensed surgeons, two thirds were living in Iceland and 36 were retired. Majority (69.2%) had been trained in Sweden and orthopaedic (26.9%) and general surgery (23.9%) were the most common subspecialties. The average age of surgeons in Iceland was 52 years and 44 years for surgeons abroad. Females were 8% of surgeons in Iceland while being 17.4% among 36 doctors in surgical training overseas. Over 19% had received a PhD degree. Predictions suggest that supply and demand for surgeons in Iceland will be equal in the year 2025, not taking into account the prospects for the working market outside Iceland.CONCLUSION: A third of Icelandic surgeons live outside Iceland. The proportion of female surgeons is low but it is increasing. Our predictions indicate a balanced work market for surgeons in Iceland for the next 15 years. However, there are many uncertainty factors in the calculations and they do not predict the prospects for individual subspecialties.
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| 8. |
- Gunnarsdottir, Anna Gudlaug, et al.
(author)
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Snemmkominn árangur opinna ósæðarlokuskipta við ósæðarlokuþrengslum hjá konum á Íslandi
- 2019
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 105:5, s. 215-221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) is the second most common open-heart procedure performed in Iceland. The aim of this study was to analyze the early outcome of AVR among females in Iceland.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study including 428 patients who underwent surgical AVR due to AS in Iceland from 2002-2013. Information was gathered from medical records, including pre-and postoperative results of echocardiography and complications. Overall survival was estimated (Kaplan-Meier) and logistic regression used to identify predictors of operative mortality. The median follow-up time was 8.8 years (0-16.5 years).Results: Of the 428 patients, 151 were female (35.3%), that were on average 2 years older than men (72.6 ± 9.4 vs. 70.4 ± 9.8 yrs., p=0.020). Preoperative symptoms were similar, but women had significantly higher EurosSCORE II than men (5.2 ± 8.8 vs. 3.2 ± 4.6, p=0.002). Maximal pressure-gradient across the aortic valve was higher for women (74.4 ± 29.3 mmHg vs. 68.0 ± 23.4 mmHg, p=0,013) but postoperative complications, operative mortality (8.6% vs. 4.0%, p=0.068) and 5-year survival (78.6% vs. 83.1%, p=0.245) were comparable for women and men. Logistic regression analysis showed that female gender was not an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.63-3.77).Conclusions: Females constitute one third of patients that undergo AVR for AS in Iceland. At the time of surgery females are two years older than men and appear to have a more significant aortic stenosis at the time of surgery. However, complication rates, operative mortality and long-term survival were comparable for both genders.
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| 9. |
- Gunnarsdottir, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Meðfædd vélindalokun á Íslandi 1963-2002
- 2004
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 90:9, s. 629-633
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Oesophageal atresia is an congenital anomali with incidence of 1/3000-1/4500 live births. The results of reconstructive surgery has improved greatly, to 80-92% survival reported in the last two decades. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of oesophageal atresia in Iceland and to evaluate the results of operations at the Department of Pediatric surgery at The Children's Hospital, Landspítal inn - University Hospital in Iceland. Material and methods: This retrospective study included all children diagnosed with oesophageal atresia in Iceland between 1963 and 2002. Information was gathered from hospital records, including birth-weight, gestational age, the type of atresia and the presence of other congenital anomalies. The results of operation were determined including post operative complications. Information on life births in Iceland for the same period was gathered from the Icelandic National Register. Results: Thirtyseven children were diagnosed with oesophageal atresia in these 40 years. The average birth-weight was 2626g, including 14 children (38%) with low birth-weight (<2500g). Fifteen children (41%) were prematurely born (<38 weeks). Thirtyfour children (92%) had the most common type of oesophageal atresia with proximal blind loop and distal tracheooesophageal fistula. Thirtyfour children were operated on, including one in Denmark. Nine children died within 60 days after surgery. The most common cause of death was lung inflammation (n=7, 78%). The survival after surgery in Iceland was 73% in the study period. Other congenital defects were common in this patient group with congenital heart defects as the most common ones (n=12, 32%). The incidence decresead in the study period from 1/3737 in the first ten years to 1/10639 in the last decade, this did not reach statistical signifiquance. Conclusion: It is interesting to see this decrease in incidence in the study period and this is the lowest incidence known to us. The survival has improved from previous study but is however still lower compared to our neighbouring countries. Other congenital anomalies are common in this patient group.
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| 10. |
- Gunnarsdottir, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Skurðaðgerðir við launeista á Barnaspítala Hringsins 1970-1993
- 2003
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 89:2, s. 119-123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Cryptorchidism is a common congenital genito-urological anomali in males with increased risk of infertility and testicular cancer. In this retrospective study the results of operations for undescended testis at Landspitalinn University Hospital were reviewed with special emphasis on patients diagnosed with testicular cancer later in life. Material and methods: The study includes 593 males with undescended testis who were operated on between 1970 and 1993. Information was gathered from hospital records, including birth-weight, age at diagnosis and operation, localization of the testes and complications to surgery. Information on patients diagnosed with testicular cancer was aquired from the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Results: The average birth-weight was 3461 g, including 58 boys (10%) with low birth-weight (
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| 11. |
- Gunnarsdottir, Guorun Mist, et al.
(author)
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Endurtekin krampaköst hjá ungri konu : sjúkratilfelli
- 2016
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213. ; 102:7-8, s. 339-342
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 18 ára hraust stúlka kom endurtekið á slysadeild á 6 vikna tímabili vegna krampakasta. Engin fyrri saga var um flogaveiki og hún tók engin lyf. Myndrannsóknir og heilalínurit bentu ekki til flogaveiki. Hún mældist með lækkaðan blóðsykur í tvígang á slysadeild, 1,3 mmól/L og 1,7 mmól/L (4,0-6,0 mmól/L). Vaknaði þá grunur um insúlínmyndandi æxli. Gerð var víðtæk leit að æxlisvexti sem bar engan árangur. Var hún því send erlendis í frekari uppvinnslu, meðal annars í jáeindaskanna og sérhæfða æðamyndatöku. Hún var að lokum greind með nesidioblastosis. Hér verður fjallað um sjúkratilfellið auk yfirferðar um þennan sjaldgæfa sjúkdóm og uppvinnslu á honum.
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| 12. |
- Gunnarsdottir, Sunna Lu Xi, et al.
(author)
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The use of Intra Aortic Balloon Pump in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
- 2020
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In: Laeknabladid. - : LAEKNAFELAG ISLANDS-ICELANDIC MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 106:2, s. 63-70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a mechanical device that increases cardiac output by increasing diastolic blood flow to the coronary arteries and lowers the afterload of the left ventricle in systole. IABP is primarily used in acute heart failure, that includes patients that have to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Its usage, however, in cardiac surgery has been declining with ongoing controversy regarding its benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the use and indications and outcome of IABP related to CABG surgery. Material and Methods: The study was retrospective and included 2177 patients that underwent CABG at Landspitali during 2001-2018. We compared those who received an IABP with controls, using uni- and multivariate analysis. Long term survival and complications (major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events, MACCE) was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. Results: A total of 99 (4.5%) patients received an IABP. The incidence was highest in 2006 (8.9%) and lowest in 2001 (1.7%), but the incidence did not change during the study period (p=0.90). Most patients received the pump before (58.6%) or during (34.3%) CABG, but only 6.1% after surgery. Complication rate was 14.1%, with bleeding from the insertion site in the groin being the most common complication. Thirty day mortality was higher in the IABP group compared with controls (22.2% vs 1.3%, p<0.001) and both 5-year survival (56.4% vs 91.5%, 95% CI: 0.47-0.67) and 5-year MACCE-free survival (46.9% vs 83.0%, 95% CI: 0.38-0.58) were inferior. Conclusions: Less than 5% of patients received IABP in relation to CABG in Iceland and the rate hasn't changed much for the last 18 years. Both the complication rate and 30-day mortality was higher in patients in IABP group and both the long term and MACCE-free survival was much worse, probably mostly related to worse overall clinical condition of the patient that received IABP.
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| 13. |
- Haraldsdottir, Sigurdis, et al.
(author)
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Krabbamein í ristli og endaþarmi - yfirlitsgrein
- 2014
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 100:2, s. 75-82
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the Western hemisphere and the incidence increases with increasing age. Most colorectal cancers are localized with or without lymph node metastases. Up to 20% of patients present with metastatic disease, most commonly to the liver. Surgery is the only curative therapy for localized colorectal cancer and adjuvant chemotherapy is usually recommended for patients with lymph node metastases. Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are the key components of rectal cancer therapy. Selected patients with recurrent and metastatic disease can be salvaged with surgery but chemotherapy remains the mainstay of therapy for advanced colorectal cancer. Substantial progress has been observed in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in recent years.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Helgadóttir, Björg, et al.
(author)
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[Utilization of complimentary and alternative health services in Iceland].
- 2010
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 96:4, s. 267-73
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Westerners increasingly use complimentary and alternative (CAM) methods for curing illness and promoting health. The central ideas of CAM appear to resonate with large segments of the general public. Little is known about CAM use in Iceland. The purpose of the study was to assess the scope of utilization of CAM providers and the likely explanatory factors.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data come from a national postal health survey that took place during the Fall of 2006. A sample of Icelandic adults, age 18-75, was randomly drawn from the National Register. 1532 individuals responded to the survey yielding a 60% response rate.RESULTS: Almost 32% of the respondents had used a CAM provider in the past 12 months, an estimated increase of 6% since 1998. Women and high income individuals were more likely to use a CAM provider than men and lower income individuals. Physical and mental distress was also related to the likelihood of CAM use. Individuals having negative or positive attitude toward physician services were more likely to use a CAM provider than those expressing a neutral attitude. Finally, repeated physician visits were related to an increased likelihood of CAM use.CONCLUSIONS: Icelanders use CAM providers to a considerable degree, and CAM use has increased in recent years. It appears that some clients regard the care they receive in the general health system as insufficient. Most CAM users appear to use CAM treatments as a supplement to the care received in the general health system.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Hjaltadottir, Ingibjorg, et al.
(author)
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Health and survival in Icelandic nursing homes 2003-2014, before and after the setting of stricter criteria for nursing home admission in December 2007
- 2019
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In: Laeknabladid. - : LAEKNAFELAG ISLANDS-ICELANDIC MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 105:10, s. 435-441
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Many factors influence the nursing needs and survival of nursing home residents, including the admission criteria. The aim of the study was to compare health, survival and predictors for one- and two-year survival of people entering Icelandic nursing homes between 2003-2007 and 2008-2014. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, comparative study. The data was obtained from a Directorate of Health database for all interRAI assessments of Icelandic nursing homes from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2014 (N = 8487). Results: There was a significant difference in the health and survival of new nursing home residents before and after December 31, 2007. In the latter period, the mean age was 82.7 years. In the previous period, it was 82.1 years, and the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, diabetes and COPD increased between the periods. One-year survival decreased from 73.4% to 66.5%, and two-year survival decreased from 56.9% to 49.1%. The strongest mortality risk factors were heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as high scores on the CHESS scale and ADL long scale. Conclusion: After 2007, new residents were older, in poorer health, and their life expectancy was shorter than for those moving to nursing homes before that. The results suggest that the aim of the regulatory change was achieved, i.e., to prioritise those in worst health. Their care needs may therefore be different and greater than before.
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| 19. |
- Jonsson, Eythor Orn, et al.
(author)
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Sjúkratilfelli. Sýking í gervilið í hné eftir endurteknar liðástungur
- 2016
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213. ; 102:9, s. 6-393
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- UNLABELLED: An 80-year old male presented with an infected knee replacement following repeated joint aspirations. They were carried out due to recurrent hemarthrosis resulting from an initially missed quadriceps tendon injury. The infection was eradicated first after arthrodesis. This case highlights that prosthetic joints are sensitive to infection, which once established can be difficult to eradicate. Careful consideration is necessary before aspirating prosthetic joints. Diagnosing quadriceps tendon injuries can be difficult and they must be included in the differential diagnosis of traumatic hemarthrosis. We review the initials steps in the diagnosis and management of periprosthetic joint infections.KEY WORDS: periprosthetic joint infection, total knee replacement, quadriceps tendon rupture, hemarthrosis, joint aspiration. Correspondence: Eythor Orn Jonsson, eythororn@gmail.com.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Sigmundsson, Freyr Gauti, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Árangur agera á slitinni fjærsin upphandleggsvöva á FSA 1986-2006 [Repair of distal biceps brachii tendon ruptures : long term retrospective follow-up for two-incision technique]
- 2009
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknafelag Islands. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 95:1, s. 19-24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Rupture of the distal tendon of the biceps muscle is a rare injury. If unrepaired the patient will be left with weakness of supination of the arm and flexion in the elbow. Long term results for the 2-incision approach for tendon reinsertion are few but in this study we describe the long term, clinical, functional, and subjective results of surgical repair using the 2-incision method described by Boyd and Anderson.MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients who were operated at FSA hospital during the years 1986-2000 because of rupture of the distal tendon of the biceps muscle were asked to participate in the study. Twelve of 16 patients accepted and answered the DASH questionnaire. Strength was tested with handheld dynamometer and ROM where measured. Radiograph was taken of the affected arm.RESULTS: From 1986 through 2006 we operated on 16 patients because of rupture of the distal biceps tendon, one female and 15 male. Mean age at the time of rupture was 46 years (24-53).The average follow up were seven years (1-17). Ten of 12 patients were operated within two weeks from the injuries. No difference in strength was found between operated and non-operated arms. Late repair was associated with high DASH score and poor subjective results. Six patients developed heterotopic ossification but none of them developed radioulnar synostosis. One reoperation because entrapment of the median nerve was done.CONCLUSIONS: Despite heterotopic ossification and a small ROM deficit the Boyd and Anderson technique for repair of distal biceps ruptures yields good long term results in a low volume rural hospital. Early diagnosis and tendon reinsertion is of great importance to avoid persistent anterior elbow pain and poor subjective results.
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| 23. |
- Sigmundsson, Freyr Gauti, et al.
(author)
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Pisa-heilkenni – sjúkratilfelli
- 2019
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213. ; 105:5, s. 231-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This case report describes a 66-year old woman with Parkinson´s disease and a subacute onset lateral postural deformity. She experienced severe back pain and reduced walking ability. She was diagnosed with Pisa syndrome and sagittal and coronal imbalance was observed on radiographs. Posterior reconstructive surgery was performed from sacrum to Th10. Post operatively, sagittal and coronal imbalance was improved and maintained at the two year follow-up. The patient remained pain free and improvements in walking ability were sustained. The caveats of spine surgery in Parkinson´s patients are discussed and the importance of goal oriented surgery in terms of improvements in sagittal and coronal balance.
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| 24. |
- Sigmundsson, Freyr Gauti, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Pisa-heilkenni – sjúkratilfelli : [Pisa Syndrome - case report]
- 2019
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknafelag Islands. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 105:5, s. 231-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This case report describes a 66-year old woman with Parkinson´s disease and a subacute onset lateral postural deformity. She experienced severe back pain and reduced walking ability. She was diagnosed with Pisa syndrome and sagittal and coronal imbalance was observed on radiographs. Posterior reconstructive surgery was performed from sacrum to Th10. Post operatively, sagittal and coronal imbalance was improved and maintained at the two year follow-up. The patient remained pain free and improvements in walking ability were sustained. The caveats of spine surgery in Parkinson´s patients are discussed and the importance of goal oriented surgery in terms of improvements in sagittal and coronal balance.
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| 25. |
- Steinþórsson, Árni Steinn, et al.
(author)
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Langtímaárangur viðgerða vegna hrörnunartengds míturlokuleka á Íslandi
- 2021
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213. ; 107:6, s. 279-286
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Degenerative mitral valve disease is the most common indication for mitral valve repair in the Western world. The aim of this study was to study the long term outcome of mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral valve regurgitation in Iceland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 101 consecutive mitral valve repair patients (average age 57.7 years, 80.2% male) operated in Iceland 2004-2018 for degenerative mitral valve regurgitation. Long term survival and MACCE (major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event) free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared to age and gender matched reference population. Median follow-up time was 83 months. RESULTS: On average there were 6,7 (range 1-14) mitral valve repairs performed annually with 99% of the patients receiving ring annuloplasty. A total of 82 (82,2%) underwent resection of the posterior leaflet and 64.4% recieved Gore-TexR-chordae. Major early complications occured in 28.7% of cases, most commonly perioperative myocardial infarction (11.9%) and reoperation for bleeding (8.9%). Mortality within 30 days was 2%, the median duration of intensive care unit stay was one day and the median hospital length of stay was 8 days. One patient needed reoperation later for recurrent mitral regurgitation. Five and ten year MACCEfree survival was 91.1% (95%-CI: 85.3-97.2) and 81.0 (95%-CI: 71.6-91.6), respectively. Five year survival was 93.5% (95-CI: 88.6-98.7) and 10 year survival 85.3% (95%-CI: 76.6-94.9), which was not different from an age and gender matched reference population (p=0.135, log-rank test). CONCLUSION: Outcomes of mitral valve repair due to degenerative mitral regurgitation is good in Iceland and results are comparable to larger institutions overseas. Long term prognosis is generally good although early postoperative complications often occur.
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| 26. |
- Svanbergsson, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Segulómun við greiningu lendahryggsverkja : Nýting, samband við einkenni og áhrif á meðferð
- 2017
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In: LAEKNABLADID. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213. ; 103:1, s. 17-22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Non-specific low-back pain is a worldwide problem. More specific diagnosis could improve prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became available in Akureyri Hospital in 2004 but its utilisation in diagnosing low-back pain has not been investigated. Objective: To study the use of MRI in diagnosing low-back pain, correlation of the MRI outcomes with other clinical findings and its possible effects on treatment. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive analysis of patients' journals. Included were all adult (18 years and older) residents of Akureyri who underwent low-back MRI in Akureyri Hospital in 2009. Results: During 2009, 169 patients (82 women) underwent low-back MRI, mean age 51 years (18-88). The most common pathological findings were connected to the lumbar disk. Disk herniation was diagnosed in 38% of the patients, 77% at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level. MRI results correlated poorly with symptoms and clinical findings. Treatment options for disk herniation were prescription of medications (70%), referrals to physiotherapy (67%) and orthopaedic surgeons (61%). Nine patients were operated. Among patients referred to physiotherapy, 49% were first examined with MRI and thus waited longer for referral than those referred directly to physiotherapy (p=0.008). One year after the MRI, recovery rate was 51%. Prognosis was better for patients referred to physiotherapy (p=0.024). Conclusions: MRI seems to be used for general diagnosis of low-back pain. Symptoms and MRI results correlate poorly, emphasizing the need for the doctor's thorough weighing of clinical and MRI findings when diagnosing low-back pain. Recovery rate of patients with lumbar disk herniation improves by physiotherapy. The general use of MRI might delay treatment.
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| 27. |
- Tryggvadottir, Ellen Alma, et al.
(author)
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Correlation between intake of fish or supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids and early pregnancy plasma concentrations
- 2022
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In: Laeknabladid. - : Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal. - 0023-7213 .- 1670-4959. ; 108:5, s. 238-243
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids are considered important for fetal development, but previous studies suggest suboptimal intake in part of pregnant women in Iceland. The study aim was to evaluate intake of food and supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids, among pregnant women in Iceland and correlations to fatty acid composition in plasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 853 pregnant women attending their 11-14 weeks ultrasound appointment. Information on intake of food and supplements containing long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) as well as background was obtained by a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for analysis of plasma fatty acids. Correlation was evaluated using the Spearman correlation. RESULTS: Median intake of lean fish was 1.3 times per week, while fatty fish was consumed once monthly. About 50% of the women took omega-3 containing supplements daily. Higher intake of both fish and omega-3 containing supplements was reflected in higher omega-3 plasma levels (r=0.37 p<0.001). A positive correlation was seen between intake of cod liver oil/capsules (r=0.23, p=0.001), omega-3 oil/capsules (r=0.20, p=0.001) and plasma concentration of omega-3. However, no correlation was seen between intake of a maternal multivitamin containing omega-3 and corresponding plasma concentration (r=0.03, p=0.98). CONCLUSION: Intake of food and supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids was reflected in plasma concentration, except for an Icelandic maternal multivitamin. One third of the women followed the recommendation of eating fish at least twice weekly. About 50% had a daily intake of supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids.
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| 28. |
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| 30. |
- Vidarsdottir, Halla, et al.
(author)
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Kirtilkrabbamein í botnlanga á islandi 1990-2009 -- lýdgrundud rannsókn
- 2011
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 97:10, s. 42-537
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Adenocarcinoma of the appendix is less than 0.5% of all gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence, symptoms, pathology and treatment of appendiceal adenocarcinoma in a well defined cohort as well as the prognosis of the patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study on all patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the appendix in Iceland from 1990-2009. Information on epidemiological factors, survival and treatment was collected. All histological material was reviewed. Overall survival was estimated with median follow up of 15 months (range, 0-158).RESULTS: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with appendiceal adenocarinoma in the study period (median age 63 yrs, range: 30-88, 50% males). Age-standardized incidence was 0.4/100,000/year. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (n=10). Eight patients had clinical signs of appendicitis. Most patients were diagnosed at operation or at pathological examination but one patient was diagnosed at autopsy. Five patients had an appendectomy and 11 a right hemicolectomy. One patient was not operated on and in three patients only a biopsy was taken. Twelve patients had chemotherapy and seven of them for metastatic disease. Eight patients had adenocarcinoma, seven mucinous adenocarcinoma, three signet ring adenocarcinoma, one mixed goblet cell carcinoid and mucinous adenocarcinoma,one mixed adenocarcinoma and signet ring adenocarcinoma and two a mucinous tumour of unknown malignant potential. In eight cases the tumor originated in adenoma. Most of the patients had a stage IV disease (n=13), three stage III, three stage II and three stage I. Operative mortality was 4.8% (n=1). Disease specific five year survival was 54% but overall five year survival was 44% respectively.CONCLUSION: Adenocarcinoma of the appendix is a rare disease. No patients were diagnosed pre-operatively. Over half of the patients presented with stage IV disease.
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| 31. |
- Vidarsdóttir, Halla, et al.
(author)
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Skurdmedferd lungnameinvarpa - yfirlitsgrein um ábendingar og árangur medferdar
- 2013
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 99:3, s. 43-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Iceland every third individual is diagnosed with malignant disease; cancer being the cause of death in one out of four individuals with only cardiovascular diseases being more common cause of death. Approximately one third of cancer patients are diagnosed with lung metastases making the lungs one of the most common metastatic site. In some of these patients a metastasectomy is a treatment option with the intention of improving survival. In this evidence-based review, the indications and outcome of pulmonary metastasectomy are discussed. This review is aimed at doctors within different specialties where Icelandic studies on pulmonary metastasectomy are referred to.
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| 32. |
- Vidarsdóttir, Halla, et al.
(author)
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Tilfelli mánadarins
- 2010
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 96:4, s. 6-275
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 33. |
- Vidarsdottir, Halla, et al.
(author)
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Tilfelli mánadarins
- 2008
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In: Laeknabladid. - 0023-7213. ; 94:5, s. 383-385
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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