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- Bondeson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Michelangelo's divine goitre.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0141-0768. ; 96:12, s. 609-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Fei, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of the human endogenous retrovirus ERV3-encoded Env-protein in human tissues using antibody-based proteomics
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0141-0768 .- 1758-1095. ; 107:1, s. 22-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: There is growing evidence to suggest that human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have contributed to human evolution, being expressed in development, normal physiology and disease. A key difficulty in the scientific evaluation of this potential viral contribution is the accurate demonstration of virally expressed protein in specific human cells and tissues. In this study, we have adopted the endogenous retrovirus, ERV3, as our test model in developing a reliable high-capacity methodology for the expression of such endogenous retrovirus-coded protein. Design: Two affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies to ERV3 Env-encoded protein were generated to detect the corresponding protein expression pattern in specific human cells, tissues and organs. Participants: Sampling included normal tissues from 144 individuals ranging from childhood to old age. This included more than forty different tissues and organs and some 216 different cancer tissues representing the twenty commonest forms of human cancer. Setting: The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Main Outcome Measures: The potential expression at likely physiological level of the ERV3Env encoded protein in a wide range of human cells, tissues and organs. Results: We found that ERV3 encoded Env protein is expressed at substantive levels in placenta, testis, adrenal gland, corpus luteum, Fallopian tubes, sebaceous glands, astrocytes, bronchial epithelium and the ducts of the salivary glands. Substantive expression was also seen in a variety of epithelial cells as well as cells known to undergo fusion in inflammation and in normal physiology, including fused macrophages, myocardium and striated muscle. This contrasted strongly with the low levels expressed in other tissues types. These findings suggest that this virus plays a significant role in human physiology and may also play a possible role in disease. Conclusion: This technique can now be extended to the study of other HERV genomes within the human chromosomes that may have contributed to human evolution, physiology and disease.
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| 5. |
- Howick, Jeremy, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of empathic and positive communication in healthcare consultations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. - : Sage Publications. - 0141-0768 .- 1758-1095. ; 111:7, s. 240-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundPractitioners who enhance how they express empathy and create positive expectations of benefit could improve patient outcomes. However, the evidence in this area has not been recently synthesised.ObjectiveTo estimate the effects of empathy and expectations interventions for any clinical condition.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.Data sourceSix databases from inception to August 2017.Study selectionRandomised trials of empathy or expectations interventions in any clinical setting with patients aged 12 years or older.Review methodsTwo reviewers independently screened citations, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and graded quality of evidence using GRADE. Random effects model was used for meta-analysis.ResultsWe identified 28 eligible (n = 6017). In seven trials, empathic consultations improved pain, anxiety and satisfaction by a small amount (standardised mean difference −0.18 [95% confidence interval −0.32 to −0.03]). Twenty-two trials tested the effects of positive expectations. Eighteen of these (n = 2014) reported psychological outcomes (mostly pain) and showed a modest benefit (standardised mean difference −0.43 [95% confidence interval −0.65 to −0.21]); 11 (n = 1790) reported physical outcomes (including bronchial function/ length of hospital stay) and showed a small benefit (standardised mean difference −0.18 [95% confidence interval −0.32 to −0.05]). Within 11 trials (n = 2706) assessing harms, there was no evidence of adverse effects (odds ratio 1.04; 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 1.63). The risk of bias was low. The main limitations were difficulties in blinding and high heterogeneity for some comparisons.ConclusionGreater practitioner empathy or communication of positive messages can have small patient benefits for a range of clinical conditions, especially pain.Protocol registrationCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (protocol) DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011934.pub2.
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| 8. |
- Schulman, S
(författare)
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Anticoagulation in venous thrombosis
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0141-0768 .- 1758-1095. ; 89:11, s. 624-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major studies addressing various aspects of the treatment of deep vein thrombosis are reviewed. It has lately been demonstrated that heparin should be dosed according to body weight and is preferably given as subcutaneous injections twice daily. Alternatively, low-molecular-weight heparins may be given in a fixed dose once daily, which does not require monitoring. Oral anticoagulation should be started concomitantly with heparin and targeted at an international normalized ratio of 2.0-3.0. This treatment should continue for a longer duration than previously accepted, in many cases for 6 months. For patients with contraindications to oral anticoagulation, secondary prophylaxis with a low-molecular-weight heparin is also effective and safe.
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