| 1. |
- Gao, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Rainbow Trout CYP1 Gene Expression Patterns in Gill and Liver for Haihe River Bio-monitoring
- 2015
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Ingår i: Huanjing Kexue. - 0250-3301. ; 36:10, s. 3878-3883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CYP1 subfamily genes in gills and liver of rainbow trout as biomarkers were studied to establish methods for quantitative mRNA expression analysis of these genes and to determine their expression pattern. Fish caged in various waters in the Haihe River (Tianjin) were analyzed. The mRNA expression patterns observed in Machangjian River and estuary site of Haihe River were markedly similar but at different levels, reflecting that those sites shared the similar pollution components but with different local pollution load. CYP1C1 and 1C3 were only induced at Gegu site and estuary site of Haihe River, indicating different types of CYP1 agonists in Machangjian River. Response patterns of multiple CYP1 genes in gills and liver could be applied in the monitoring strategy. The response patterns of CYP1 genes could be used for better understanding the relationship between complex mixtures of pollutants and biological response of organisms in aquatic environments.
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| 2. |
- Jiang, Tao
(författare)
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Simulated desorption kinetics of lead by the dominant plant roots released low molecular weight organic acids from the water-level-fluctuating zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir
- 2017
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Ingår i: Huan Jing Ke Xue. - 0250-3301. ; 38, s. 600-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vegetations grow vigorously in the water-level-fluctuating zone (WLFZ) of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) during the non-flooded period. Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) excreted from the roots of these plants may active the heavy metals in soil. In order to investigate the desorption kinetics of Pb in the vegetation covered soil of TGR, the LMWOAs released from Cynodon dactylon and Echinochloa crusgalli roots, which are the dominant species in WLFZ, were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Furthermore, single and mixed species of LMWOAs were also used in the simulation. The results showed that the variety and content of LMWOAs secreted from Cynodon dactylon roots were larger and higher than those of Echinochloa crusgalli. Citric acid, malonic acid, acetic acid and malic acid were the same LMWOAs released from the two types of plants. The contents of acetic acid were the highest among all LMWOAs, which were 0.765 and 0.261 mmol·kg-1in Cynodon dactylon and Echinochloa crusgalli roots, respectively.Citric acid, malonic acid and acetic acid were the same LMWOAs detected from their rhizosphere soils. In the citric acid, malonic acid and acetic acid desorption test, the desorption captivities of Pb were inhibited when the concentration of LMWOAs was lower than 1 mmol·L-1. The desorption ability displayed a decreasing order of malonic acid>citric acid>acetic acid. However, the three LMWOAs promoted the desorption of Pb in soil when their concentrations were higher than 1 mmol·L-1, respectively. The desorption ability displayed a decreasing order of citric acid>malonic acid>acetic acid. During the entire process of desorption, 0-240 min was the fast reaction stage, and the remaining time was the slow reaction stage. The pseudo-second order kinetics equation could fit best for the kinetic process.
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| 3. |
- Jiang, Tao
(författare)
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Use of the Nitrogen/Carbon Ratio (N/C) and Two End-Member Sources Mixing Model to Identify the Origins of Dissolved Organic Matter from Soils in the Water-Level Fluctuation Zones of the Three Gorges Reservoir
- 2019
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Ingår i: Huan Jing Ke Xue. - 0250-3301. ; 40, s. 2647-2656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soil dissolved organic matter (soil DOM) plays a crucial role in the environmental fate of pollutants because of its exceptional biogeochemical reactivity. Therefore, tracing the sources and understanding the properties of DOM through chemical characterization is important for clarifying the "structure-reactivity" of DOM in the environment. In this study, traditional elementary analysis methods including nitrogen/carbon ratio (N/C) determinations and derived two end-member source-loads mixing models were applied to soil DOM extracted from the water-level fluctuation zones of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area. The results were further compared to other characterization techniques that operate on the molecular scale (e. g., FTIR and analytical pyrolysis techniques). The ultimate objective was to assess the performance of N/C ratio and two end-member modeling for identifying the DOM sources. Additionally, a photo-bleaching kinetic experiment was conducted to test the correlation between DOM reactivity and its source-loadings. Results showed, based on the N/C ratio and mixing modeling, all soil DOM samples in the TGR area share "dual-source" characteristics, namely, allochthonousness (e. g., terrestrial) and autochthonousness (e. g., internal) attributes, which is in agreement with other advanced characterization tools. The traditional method results were comprehensible in light of the data from molecular techniques, but the information revealed only reflects certain aspects of DOM compositional characteristics. It can be concluded that the N/C ratio and mixing modeling can validate general sources of soil DOM, but not information about specific components. Meanwhile, the significant correlation between the photo-bleaching kinetic constant and N/C and source-loadings indicated that these two parameters can be used as rapid indicators to estimate soil DOM reactivity in photochemical processes. However, it should be emphasized that it remains essential to employ multiple characterization methods to investigate the biogeochemistry of soil DOM, so as to increase the characterization resolution with regard to the heterogeneity of DOM.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Beidong, 1972
(författare)
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Cloning and expression of the endo-beta-glucanase III cDNA gene from Trichoderma viride AS3.3711
- 2004
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Ingår i: Environmental Science. - 0250-3301. ; 25:5, s. 127-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the construction of yeast bioengineering strain which can degrade cellulosic waste, an endo-beta-glucanase III (EG III) cDNA gene of Trichoderma viride AS3.3711 was isolated with RT-PCR protocol. After sequencing it was constructed on S. cerevisiae induceable expression vector pYES2. A L9 (3(4)) orthogonal design was used to optimize yeast sonication assistant transformation. The expression of EG III gene was induced by 2% beta-D-glactose, the transcription and expression of it was detected by Northern blotting and Congo Red method respectively. The endo-beta-glucanase activity was assayed as CMCase activity with CMC-Na as a substrate. The results show that the ORF of EG III was 1254 bp, encoding 418 aa, deducing molecular weight 44.1 x 10(3), group 5 (sonication treat time 60 s, incubate 40 min, SS-DNA 150 microg, heat shock 5 min) was the optimum one of the orthogonal experiment, and EG III transformants can produced clear hydrolysis halos on the Congo-Red-CMC plate. The measure of the enzyme activity show that the expression product can be expressed in active forms and secreted to the medium. The enzyme activity was approached the highest level (0.041 U/mL) when the culture time was 60 h. The optimized enzyme reaction temperature was 50 degrees C and the optimized pH was 5.8.
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| 5. |
- Yu, Jun-Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Levels and distribution of short chain chlorinated paraffins in seafood from Dalian, China
- 2014
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Ingår i: Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.]. - Beijing : Ke xue zhu ban she. - 0250-3301. ; 35:5, s. 1955-1961
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafood samples were collected from Dalian, China to study the accumulation and distribution characteristics of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) by GC/ECNI-LRMS. Sum of SCCPs (dry weight) were in the range of 77-8 250 ng.g-1, with the lowest value in Scapharca subcrenata and highest concentration in Neptunea cumingi. The concentrations of sum of SCCPs (dry weight) in fish, shrimp/crab and shellfish were in the ranges of 100-3 510, 394-5 440, and 77-8 250 ng.g-1 , respectively. Overall, the C10 and C11 homologues were the most predominant carbon groups of SCCPs in seafood from this area,and a relatively higher proportion of C12-13 was observed in seafood with higher concentrations of sum of SCCPs . With regard to chlorine content, Cl1,, CI8 and CI6 were the major groups. Significant correlations were found among concentrations of different SCCP homologues (except C1, vs. Cl10 ) , which indicated that they might share the same sources and/or have similar accumulation, migration and transformation processes.
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