| 1. |
- Amore, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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From governance to meta-governance in tourism? : Re-incorporating politics, interests and values in the analysis of tourism governance
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 41:2, s. 109-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite its theorization in the political and policy sciences in the early 1990s, the concept of metagovernance has gained relatively little recognition in tourism studies. Nevertheless, its significance in the political sciences and policy literature, especially as a result of the perceived failure of governance systems following the recent global financial crisis, has only served to reinforce its relevance. Metagovernance addresses some of the perceived failures of traditional governance approaches and associated interventions, and has enabled the understanding of central-state led regimes of shadowed hierarchical authorities and local-level micro-practices of social innovation and self-government. In contrast, tourism studies have tended to restrict study of the political dimension of tourism governance and the role of the state under the traditional parallelism between government and governance. Examination of how governance is itself governed enables a better understanding of the practices of planning and policy making affecting tourism and destinations. In particular, the applications of concepts of governance are inextricably linked to a given set of value assumptions which predetermine the range of its application. A short example of the application of the metagovernance paradigm is provided from the New Zealand context. It is concluded that governance mechanisms are not value-neutral and instead serve to highlight the allocation of power in a destination and the dominance of particular values and interests.
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| 2. |
- Falk, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of land characteristics for resilience of domestic tourism demand
- 2022
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Routledge. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates empirically if land characteristics (especially forests and mountains) are of importance for the local ability to withstand the shock of the Covid-19 on domestic tourism demand during the summer of 2020. A second step of the analysis focuses on the recovery stage in the subsequent summer. Three tourism indicators are considered: arrivals, overnight stays and length of stay. Official data on land use characteristics of 2029 villages in the Federal state of Bavaria (South Germany) are employed for the analysis. Estimations using the Spatial Durbin model combined with the Heckman selection model reveal that there is a significant relationship between the proportion of forest within as well as surrounding the village and the demand for domestic tourism compared with the 2019 baseline. There is also a significant relationship with the altitude of the surrounding areas. The importance of mountains and forests is present in both the initial year of the pandemic and in the recovery year of 2021, although the magnitude is lower in the summer of 2021. Direct and spatial effects can also be found for lakes and rivers on overnight stays and length of stay.
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| 3. |
- Farsari, Ioanna
(författare)
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Exploring the nexus between sustainable tourism governance, resilience and complexity research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 48:3, s. 352-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Governance and complexity have increasingly become subjects of interest within research on sustainable tourism. Governance has been marked by a turn to more corporatist and networked policymaking structures. At the same time, the use of the concept of complexity in research on tourism destinations and governance is gaining momentum in an effort to address the links in increasingly networked systems as well as the interrelatedness of the multiple features of a tourist destination. Meanwhile, resilience has emerged as a new buzzword in research on sustainable development and governance which denotes the ability of a destination to cope with and adapt to change. This article reviews the literature on destination governance to identify critical issues and trends and discusses the relevance of complexity approaches. Evolutionary studies and research on resilience in a sustainability context are becoming part of this discussion. The review sheds light on the limitations and merits of each of these concepts, as well as on their nexus. The article concludes with some key areas for future research on destination governance. The aim of the review is to contribute to conceptual clarity and to advance the application of complexity approaches in research on destination governance.
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| 4. |
- Farsari, Ioanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Use of Cognitive Mapping in Analysing Sustainable Tourism Policy: Methodological Implications
- 2010
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 35:2, s. 145-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing body of literature arguing for the need to examine sustainable tourism and policies for sustainable tourism within complexity theory. Methods which are particularly developed to study complex problems are needed in order to move from conceptualization and theory to understanding and operationalization of the complexity underpinning policies for sustainable tourism. This paper discusses the development of a cognitive mapping method to study sustainable tourism policy as a complex problem which has to be viewed holistically, with ethical implications, and with means and goals being intermingled in adaptive routes. A variation of SODA (Strategic Options Development and Analysis) approach to cognitive mapping is proposed and the decisions the researcher has to make regarding the method of elicitation, the coding and the analysis of the cognitive maps are discussed. This method is particularly useful to study complexity between policy issues as perceived by policy-makers and to build models in the form of cognitive maps. The method discussed here provides rich qualitative information capable of revealing goals, key policy considerations, and their interrelatedness in a holistic context. Complexity may be examined and structured, and policies can be studied as a set of interrelated policy issues. In this way, policies for sustainable tourism can be improved on the basis of knowledge and complexity management.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Fälton, Emelie
(författare)
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The romantic tourist gaze on Swedish national parks : tracing ways of seeing the non-human world through representations in tourists’ Instagram posts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Routledge. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; , s. 1-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourism in national parks is on the rise and contributes to shaping notions of the non-human world (often depicted as ‘nature’). One country that is currently facing a shift towards an enhanced emphasis on tourism in its national parks is Sweden. This article aims to unravel, illuminate, and problematize ways of seeing the non-human world in tourists’ Instagram posts about Swedish national parks, and also to consider the productive effects these might have on the relationship between humans and the non-human world. In a discursive and visual cultural analysis, representations of the non-human world, how they are situated in historically inherited ways of seeing, and what implications they might have for how humans approach and understand the non-human world are traced and reflected upon. These representations construct ways of seeing the non-human world as a sublime, desolate, and physically challenging treasury of unique character. In this way, a romantic tourist gaze is constructed, which approaches the national parks as isolated enclaves and commodified havens that offer tourists an escape from humanity, grand views, and seclusion. The main implication of this tourist gaze is a sustaining of the approach to the human world and the non-human world as separated.
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| 7. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The Future of Tourism: Can Tourism Growth and Climate Policy be Reconciled? : A Climate Change Mitigation Perspective.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 35:2, s. 119-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourism is an increasingly significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions growth in the sector is in substantial conflict with global climate policy goals that seek to mitigate climate change through significant emission reductions. This article discusses the role of various tourism sub-sectors in generating emissions, and technical and management options in reducing these. It concludes that given observed and anticipated emission growth rates, technology and management will not be sufficient to achieve even modest absolute emission reductions in the sector, pointing to the key role of social and behavioural change in realizing climatically sustainable tourism. The article also discusses some of the systemic barriers that have to be overcome in order for tourism to comply with post- Kyoto Protocol global mitigation frameworks. The article concludes that radical change will be needed to reconcile the holiday and business travel demands of a growing world population with the climate policy targets of the international community, specifically restricting anthropogenic global warming to less than 2°C.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jernsand, Eva Maria, 1967
(författare)
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Student living labs as innovation arenas for sustainable tourism
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 44:3, s. 333-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to explore sustainable tourism in relation to the concept of student living labs, defined as spaces for open innovation, co-creation and experimentation in real-life settings with students. Although these features are vital for the tourism industry, living labs are seldom discussed nor used in tourism research, education and practice. To illustrate living labs’ organisation, facilitation and impediments, the author uses an ethnographic description and analysis of five different experiences that have the characteristics of living labs. The findings show that tourism living labs offer students opportunities for hands-on engagement in the co-creation and testing of frontier solutions with private, public and civil society sector partners. They also enhance social inclusion, environmental responsibility and life-long learning. For the tourism industry, labs can offer new knowledge; more, extended and deepened relationships; and opportunities to find an educated workforce. The challenges include project timeframes; documentation and information; equality among participants: the size of student groups; and the resources of the university. The article stresses the importance of recognising and handling the challenges that come with the introduction of living labs in a tourism context.
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| 11. |
- Jernsand, Eva Maria, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Tourism memories : a collaborative reflection on inclusion and exclusion
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 48:6, s. 820-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to explore how people’s differentiated privileged and marginalised positions in society create instances of inclusion and exclusion in tourism. Eight authors utilised their diverse disciplinary and theoretical bases to engage in individual autoethnography and collaborative reflections of their personal experiences of being tourists and hosts. Through our Western and non-Western, White and non-White experiences, we reveal experiences from a multitude of perspectives, and problematise the dominant White racial frame. The methodology illustrates unquestioned privileges and feelings of discomfort when personally faced with exclusionary practices and creates an understanding of how individuals have different experiences of enchantment and the tourist gaze. The experience of marginalisation is serial and dialectical, which illustrates the complexity of tourism. The paper contributes to an enhanced and multifaceted understanding of tourism experiences and proposes measures to reveal issues of exclusion. Also, the use of autoethnography and collaborative reflection as methodological tools provide opportunities for researchers and practitioners to engage in reflexive conversation on discriminatory practices, and how they hinder certain individuals and groups from enjoying tourism products and services.
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| 12. |
- Kraff, Helena, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Multicultural food events – opportunities for intercultural exchange and risks of stereotypification
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 48:3, s. 844-855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Events based on food from various cultures are often promoted as multicultural and as opportunities for establishing insights into other cultures. They are also highlighted as springboards for recently immigrated food entrepreneurs and as spaces for labour market integration. However, with such events often having underlying social agendas and sometimes being free of charge, such aims risk being undermined. Generally being linked to minority cultures, food events also risk leading to exotification where individuals are made into symbols of multiculturalism, which consolidates the idea that cultural diversity is an offer for an ethnic majority to enjoy. This paper aims to open a critical debate on multicultural food events by exploring barriers to inclusion and the influence of prejudice. Criticism aimed at misuses of multiculturalism in relation to food events and tourism is used as a theoretical lens for the analysis of two types of food events. The findings illustrate how shallow interpretations of multiculturalism still influence tourism products and reinforce the norms they claim to counteract. Thus, tourism stakeholders need to gather critical insights about the influence of white hegemonies, whilst recognising the effect of their own bias.
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| 13. |
- Nyman, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Tourism destination choice sets for families with wheelchair-bound children
- 2018
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Routledge. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 43:1, s. 26-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Families with disabled children encounter a range of mobility constraints when travelling for tourism purposes, yet how such constraints affect their ultimate destination choices is currently not well understood. This paper applies a destination choice set model to explain how families with wheelchair-bound children with cerebral palsy choose their holiday destinations. Interviews with 13 parents revealed that these families find many destinations unavailable due to various mobility and travel constraints, such as inaccessible modes of transport and accommodations. The destination choices are trade-offs between constraints and desires of the disabled child and other family members. The findings suggest that the destination choice set model for this particular target group should also consider an ‘accessible set’ of destinations with universal design when exploring travel-related decisions of these families. Finally, the paper argues for a more differentiated approach towards identifying and responding to travel constraints of families with disabled children.
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| 14. |
- Phi, Giang, et al.
(författare)
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Critical issues in tourism co-creation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 44:3, s. 281-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Phi, Giang T., et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative tourism-making : an interdisciplinary review of co-creation and a future research agenda
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 44:3, s. 284-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For some time, tourism researchers have sought to examine and theorise types of collaborative exchange and the characteristics of relational work in tourism. Different ontological and epistemological framings, and associated language games have contributed to a fragmented body of knowledge. In this paper, we argue that the new term ‘co-creation’ is part of this language game, and efforts to date have not linked co-creation to the broader and deeper currents of theory building that have come before. We thus place co-creation within its wider context by, firstly, building a meta-narrative review of the literature that draws together a number of disparate disciplinary-inspired lines of thinking, and secondly, by identifying and extending key concepts of co-creation and its logics to tourism. We trace seven threads of scholarship that demonstrate the ideas and values associated with co-creation have diverse historical roots. Using a meta-narrative approach, we unpack the characteristics of co-creation from different disciplinary lenses, directing attention to issues beyond service-dominant logic approaches towards wider issues of participation, inclusion, power, responsibility, and value. In the process, we contribute to a new and fresh appreciation of value co-creation in tourism literature, along with a nine-point agenda that suggest directions for future research and practice.
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| 16. |
- Scott, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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What could the next 40 years hold for global tourism?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 40:3, s. 269-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past 40 years, tourism has developed to become a sector of global economic, social and environmental significance. This paper provides a retrospective overview of the massive expansion and evolving geography of international and domestic tourism over the last 40 years, including the factors that enabled and challenged this growth, in order to contextualize a discussion of what the next 40 years may hold for global tourism. Social, technical, economic, environmental and political dimensions influencing tourism over the past and future 40 years are identified, together with a synthesis of available long-range scenarios of tourism futures to 2050. Comparisons with selected non-tourism scenarios suggest that current assessments of tourism futures are limited in scope, and that the tourism sector may have much to learn from scenario building and forecasting from other economic sectors and analyses of global grand challenges. Reconciling anticipated tourism growth with the sustainability and development imperatives of the next 40 years are discussed.
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| 17. |
- Seraphin, Hugues, et al.
(författare)
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Responsible tourism : the 'why' and 'how' of empowering children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 47:1, s. 62-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children empowerment should be a core component of any responsible tourism initiatives and their involvement and support is required to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Drawing on a theory adaptation research approach, this study proposes a framework for children's empowerment for responsible and sustainable tourism, inside and outside of the family context. The study sought to answer two key questions: Why children should be engaged in responsible tourism? How should children be engaged in responsible tourism? In addressing these key questions, the study developed a Future Responsible Tourist Capital Development (FRTCD) framework that advises on a prospective process of developing and nurturing children to have the essential skills, education and experience required for the responsible and sustainable development of the tourism industry. The findings of this study propose a new perspective on children empowerment inside and outside of the family context, and highlight the significance of children as sustainability thinkers, actioners, and transformers. Overall, the study contributes to the growing research on empowerment in sustainability discourse in general and children's empowerment in particular.
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| 18. |
- Seyfi, Siamak, et al.
(författare)
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Antecedents of domestic visitor's memorable experiences and gender difference : a heritage tourism context
- 2024
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the interplay between visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image in shaping memorable tourism experiences (MTE) within the realm of domestic heritage tourism, as well as the potential moderating role of gender in these relationships. Data were collected in the historic city of Kashan, Iran through a self-administered questionnaire and a combination of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and multi-group analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The results strongly support the influence of visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image on various dimensions of MTE. Additionally, noteworthy gender differences emerged, revealing that authenticity has a more pronounced impact on meaningfulness, knowledge, and involvement for female tourists. Moreover, distinct gender disparities were observed in the effects of destination image on these three dimensions. These findings make a valuable contribution to the tourism and MTE literature by emphasizing the significance of gender-specific perceptions and attitudes within the context of heritage tourism.
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| 19. |
- Shepherd, Jack, 1992-
(författare)
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‘I’m not your toy’ : rejecting a tourism boycott
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As tourists become more politically conscious, the number of boycotts grows. Despite their proliferation, tourism boycotts rarely succeed. This study explores why tourists reject boycotts in the context of mega-events that are often subject to boycott calls. The paper focuses on the attempted boycott of the 2019 Eurovision Song Contest in Tel Aviv, Israel, by the Palestinian activist group BDS. Qualitative and quantitative insights from a questionnaire sent to tourists who attended the event provide several reasons for boycott rejection. Tourists were antagonistic to the boycott and shared concerns about its rationale, deeming it unnecessary and unwarranted. This was motivated by a desire to keep the Eurovision free of the contested politics of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The findings highlight the potential risks of using boycotts in tourism, where boycott demands of non-consumption rub against the innate desire for consumption (or self-gratification) in tourism. Based on these findings, the paper suggests alternative ways of working for peace through tourism in settings of intractable conflict.
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| 20. |
- Sojasi Qeidari, Hamdollah, et al.
(författare)
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'You wouldn't want to go there' : what drives the stigmatization of a destination?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a highly competitive market, managing the quality of destination image is a major concern for tourism marketers and policymakers. Negative connotations attached to a destination can potentially produce forms of stigma and lead to the stigmatization of a destination. Research on stigmas attached to tourists or tourism practitioners has gained growing scholarly attention; however, empirical knowledge on the stigmas associated with a place (spatial stigma) and the underlying factors driving the stigmatization of a destination is yet to be developed in tourism literature. To fill this gap and grounded in a multidisciplinary literature on the stigma-place nexus, this study explores the stigmatization of Iran through an analysis of in-depth interviews with the representatives of country's key tourism informants. The findings of the qualitative study demonstrated how Iran's destination identity is contested. Six reinforcing forms of stigmas were identified: political, religion, security, hygiene, performance and regional stigmas. The study concludes that destination stigma is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that manifests in different ways depending on where it is generated, encountered and experienced. In adopting a more contextual approach the study offers several new perspectives on stigma production, negotiation and resistance in tourism destinations.
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| 21. |
- Yachin, Jonathan Moshe, 1981-
(författare)
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Alters & functions : exploring the ego-networks of tourism micro-firms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Resarch. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0250-8281 .- 2320-0308. ; 46:3, s. 319-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For tourism micro-firms, networks embody a potential to pursue opportunities and compensate for lack of resources and missing skills. This study explores the ego-networks of tourism micro-firms. A focused approach that uses multiple name generators is applied to elicit significant alters and understand their functional characteristics. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with owner-managers of tourism micro-firms in rural Sweden. A block-model presents an abstract image of a tourism micro-firm’s ego-network. It accounts for alters’ attributes, location and number of functions they fulfil. The networks incorporate social, business-related and interest-based ties. The analysis brings forth the meaning that entrepreneurs assign to their relationships. Ownermanagers of tourism micro-firms incline to utilise existing ties in their immediate environment for multiple purposes. Cognitive proximity and personal comparability are crucial factors in determining with whom entrepreneurs associate. The micro-perspective provided by this study contributes to the growing body of tourism literature on networks, entrepreneurship and microfirms. Particularly, the block-model and identified network functions constitute a framework within which researchers can study the ego-networks of micro-firms. For entrepreneurs, this framework is a valuable reference point against which they can develop their ego-networks and understand how they can utilise the knowledge and resource embedded in them.
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| 22. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Mining heritage gone wrong: A study of disappointed tourists at China’s national mine parks
- 2024
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Ingår i: Tourism Recreation Research. - 0250-8281.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mine parks are a late twentieth-century addition to the global heritage repertoire. To date, most studies of visitor experiences at mining heritage sites focus on tourists who appreciate their outings. Yet mine parks do not satisfy all those who visit. What goes wrong for those who visit these destinations and feel disappointed, and how do they express their displeasure? We answer this question by scrutinising the online negative reviews of tourists from seven Chinese national mine parks. Our analysis indicates ‘disgruntled tourists’ want the sites of former resource extraction to include a sight and meet their expectations for hospitable, accessible, and knowledgeable service. When mine parks fail to deliver, they become disappointed, dissatisfied, and angry. They overwhelmingly articulate their unhappiness using a language of ‘lack’ or deficiency and talking about ‘value for money’. The reviews further suggest that disappointed visitors write online reviews to vent negative emotions, warn other tourists, and punish site staff. Drawing on the broader literature on mining tourism, heritage tourism, and visitor experiences, we indicate strategies that mining heritage professionals could use to remedy disgruntled tourists’ sense of deficiency, while also contributing to scholarly discussions about what makes tourism meaningful.
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| 24. |
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