| 1. |
- Alm, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Openness to Gender Atypical Occupations in Youth : Do Peer Groups and School Classes Matter?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 35:1, s. 97-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article analyses aspects of gender composition and social dominance in peer groups and school classes and their effects on the degree of openness to gender-atypical occupations in young adolescents. The data set used contains information for some 13,000 girls and boys living in Stockholm in the early 1960s. Results from multi-level regressions show that gender composition is significantly related to openness to gender-atypical occupations at peer-group level only. As the causal direction of this relationship can be questioned, the result should be interpreted with caution. Concerning aspects of dominance, quite substantive effects on individual openness to gender-atypical occupations are found for girls, albeit not for boys. Thus, for girls, the degree of openness to gender-atypical occupations of the most central girl in the school class significantly affects the degree of openness to gender-atypical occupations of individual girls in that school class.
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| 2. |
- Babarro, Javier Martín, et al.
(författare)
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Power Structure inthe Peer Group: The Role of Classroom Cohesion and Hierarchy in Peer Acceptance and Rejection of Victimized and Aggressive Students
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 37:9, s. 1197-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses the interacting effects of classroom cohesion and hierarchy on the relationships between victimization and aggression withpeer acceptance and rejection. Classroom cohesion and hierarchy were constructed from friendship nominations. Multilevel analysis conducted in asample of seventh- and eighth-grade students from the Sociescuela programin Spain (N = 6,600) showed that in cohesive and hierarchical classrooms, a higher level of victimization was found; peer rejection was more strongly associated with victimization. In contrast to previous research, for males, aggression was more strongly associated with peer acceptance in less hierarchized classrooms.
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| 3. |
- Bayram Özdemir, Sevgi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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What makes youth harass their immigrant peers? : understanding the risk factors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 36:5, s. 601-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- mmigrant youth are at risk of experiencing harassment in school; however, we have only limited understanding of what makes youth harass their peers on ground of their ethnic origin. To address this major limitation, we examined (a) whether youth’s negative attitudes toward immigrants impact their engagement in ethnic harassment over time and (b) whether youth’s impulsivity, their tendencies to engage in risky behaviors, and a chaotic surrounding school environment moderate the link between their negative attitudes toward immigrants and their involvement in ethnic harassment. The sample included 583 Swedish youth (Xage = 13.93, SD = .71). Youth with negative attitudes toward immigrants ethnically were found to harass their immigrant peers when they had high levels of impulsivity and violent tendencies. Contrary to our expectation, youth perceptions of school atmosphere did not act as a moderator. The present study highlights the importance of identifying risk factors to reach a comprehensive understanding of ethnic harassment.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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The Structure and Development of Dispositional Compassion in Early Adolescence
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 36:6, s. 840-873
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compassion may be directed towardat a broad range of targets. The present study investigated interrelations among other-directed compassion, self-compassion and environmental compassion in early adolescence (age 12-14; n = 256) and examined how the different manifestations of compassion were related to age and sex during this age period. Acts of Ccompassion directed at different targets were[1] assessed through self-reports and peer nominations. SEM-analysis supported a model that displayedportrayed compassion toward self, others and the environment as three distinct, but interrelated factors. Other-directed compassion and environmental compassion were higher in girls than in boys. There was a decrease in self-compassion with age, which was linked to negative self-perceptions in 13- and 14-year-old girls. The roles of experience and cognitive factors in linking different forms of compassion were discussed.
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| 5. |
- Bjärehed, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement and their Associations with Indirect Bullying, and Pro-Aggressive Bystander Behavior
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 40:1, s. 28-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the links between seven specific mechanisms of moral disengagement and indirect bullying, direct bullying, and pro-aggressive bystander behavior. In addition, the moderating role of gender on these associations was examined. Participants were 317 Swedish students in Grades 4 to 8 (?⎯⎯⎯age=12.6X¯age=12.6, SD = 1.35; 62% girls). Multivariate multiple regression analyses showed that indirect bullying was predicted by gender and victim attribution. Direct bullying was predicted by moral justification, and for girls, by victim attribution. Pro-aggressive bystander behavior was predicted by diffusion of responsibility, victim attribution, gender, and age. That is, boys and younger students were more prone to take the aggressor’s side compared with girls and older students. Furthermore, the relation between pro-aggressive bystander behavior and distortion of consequences appeared stronger in boys than in girls. These results highlight the relative importance of specific moral disengagement mechanisms and may have implications for interventions targeting bullying.
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| 6. |
- Bjärehed, Marlene, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms of moral disengagement and their associations with indirect bullying, direct bullying, and pro-aggressive bystander behavior
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 40:1, s. 28-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the links between seven specific mechanisms of moral disengagement and indirect bullying, direct bullying, and pro-aggressive bystander behavior. In addition, the moderating role of gender on these associations was examined. Participants were 317 Swedish students in Grades 4 to 8 (Mage=12.6, SD = 1.35; 62% girls). Multivariate multiple regression analyses showed that indirect bullying was predicted by gender and victim attribution. Direct bullying was predicted by moral justification, and for girls, by victim attribution. Pro-aggressive bystander behavior was predicted by diffusion of responsibility, victim attribution, gender, and age. That is, boys and younger students were more prone to take the aggressor’s side compared with girls and older students. Furthermore, the relation between pro-aggressive bystander behavior and distortion of consequences appeared stronger in boys than in girls. These results highlight the relative importance of specific moral disengagement mechanisms and may have implications for interventions targeting bullying.
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| 7. |
- Glatz, Terese, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Hostile interactions in the family : Patterns and links to youth externalizing problems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 40:1, s. 56-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In line with family systems theory, we examined patterns of hostile interactions within families and their associations with externalizing problems among early-adolescent children. Using hostility scores based on observational data of six dyadic interactions during a triadic interaction (n = 462; i.e., child-to-mother, mother-to-child, child-to-father, father-to-child, mother-to-father, father-to-mother)—latent profile analysis supported three distinct profiles of hostility. The low/moderate hostile profile included families with the lowest levels of hostility across dyads; families in the mutual parent-child hostileprofile scored higher on parent-child hostility, but lower on interparental hostility; the hostile parentprofile showed higher levels of parent-to-child and interparental hostility, but lower child-to-parent hostility. Concerning links to youth outcomes, youth in the mutual parent-child hostile profile reported the highest level of externalizing problems, both concurrently and longitudinally. These results point to the importance of examining larger family patterns of hostility to fully understand the association between family hostility and youth adjustment.
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| 8. |
- Jaf, Darun, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Parents’ Disapproval of Peers and Monitoring on Immigrant and Native Youth’s Participation in Organized Sports in Sweden : The Mediating Role of Engagement in Delinquent Activities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 41:3, s. 437-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was (a) to investigate the effect of perceived parents’ disapproval of peer relations and perceived parental monitoring on youth’s engagement in organized sports activities, (b) to examine whether youth’s engagement in delinquent behaviors mediates the link between parents’ behaviors and youth’s participation in and dropout from organized sports, and (c) to test whether the mediation process is moderated by youth’s immigrant background. Data were collected from immigrant and Swedish adolescents (N = 687) in seventh grade over two consecutive years. Our main findings revealed that youth who disclose their whereabouts to parents and whose parents practice control are less likely to engage in delinquent behaviors, and, in turn, more likely to engage in organized sports. The findings were similar with respect to sports dropout. Most importantly, these results hold for both immigrant and Swedish youth.
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| 9. |
- Korol, Liliia, et al.
(författare)
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Friend support as a buffer against engagement in problem behaviors among ethnically harassed immigrant adolescents
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 47:7, s. 885-913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims to investigate whether support from a friend protects against the negative effects of ethnic harassment on engagement in delinquent and violent behaviors among immigrant adolescents in Sweden (n = 365; X = 13.93, SD = .80). We found that when ethnically harassed immigrant adolescents received friend support, they were less likely to engage in problem behaviors concurrently. Yet, friend support did not moderate the longitudinal associations between ethnic harassment and problem behaviors. These findings highlight the important role of supportive friendship relations in counteracting the detrimental effects of ethnic harassment on externalizing problems, particularly in the short term.
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| 10. |
- Korol, Liliia, et al.
(författare)
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Why Do Ethnically Harassed Immigrant Adolescents Engage in Violent Behaviors? : The Role of Affiliation With Violent Peers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 41:6, s. 809-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to analyze affiliations with violent peers as an underlying mechanism that associates ethnic harassment with violent behaviors among immigrant youth (N= 365;M-age= 13.93,SD= 0.80), and also identify the risk factors in this relation. The results revealed that identification with an immigrant peer crowd at school made ethnically harassed immigrant adolescents more inclined to associate with violent peers and, in turn, engage in violent behaviors over time. Immigrant youth's orientation toward the mainstream culture was not found to either elevate or buffer the effect of ethnic harassment on youth's affiliation with violent peers. Yet, ethnically harassed immigrant adolescents were shown to be more prone to violent behaviors over time when they were less orientated toward Swedish culture. The findings suggest that preventing ethnicity-based harassment and diversifying adolescents' peer groups at schools may be a way to prevent immigrant adolescents' involvement in violent behaviors.
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| 11. |
- Qin, Xingna, et al.
(författare)
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Parents on the Sidelines: The Role of Parental Directing in Chinese Adolescents' Friendship Dynamics Related to Academic Achievement, Aggression, and Prosocial Behavior
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescents' peer interactions strongly influence their school behavior, raising the question of whether parents can still direct adolescents' friendship choices or whether they are mostly on the sidelines. Chinese cultural values emphasize the importance of having "good" friends, raising questions about adolescents' adherence to parental direction of friendships. This study examined friendship dynamics among seventh and eighth graders in central China (n = 1,454, 46.7% girls), focusing on achievement, aggression, and prosocial behavior. Social network analysis revealed that Chinese students tended to select friends who were more similar to them in achievement, aggression, and prosocial behavior. Interestingly, they avoided aggressive peers but were attracted to high-achieving and prosocial peers. Despite parental emphasis on friendship quality, the study found no parental direction in adolescent friendship selection. These findings underscore the central role of peer characteristics in friendship dynamics, while highlighting the limited impact of parental directing on Chinese adolescents' friendship selection.
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| 12. |
- Skoog, Therése, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining why early-maturing girls are more exposed to sexual harassment in early adolescence
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : Sage Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 36:4, s. 490-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we tested two competing explanations of the previously established link between early female puberty and sexual harassment in early adolescence. The sample included 680 seventh-grade Swedish girls (Mage = 13.40, SD = .53). Findings revealed that looking more sexually mature and being sexually active mediated the link between pubertal timing and sexual harassment. The magnitude of the indirect effect through sexually mature appearance was greater than that through engagement in sexual behaviors. Apparently, early-maturing girls are sexually harassed as a result of natural and normative sexual development, which happens earlier than for most of their peers. The findings have clear implications for prevention of sexual harassment in adolescence
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| 13. |
- Skoog, Therése, et al.
(författare)
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Role of Pubertal Timing in the Development of Peer Victimization and Offending From Early- to Mid-Adolescence
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 42:1, s. 5-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used latent growth curve analysis to extend research on associations between early puberty and adverse peer relations by examining the role of pubertal timing in the developmental trajectories of peer victimization and offending from early- to mid-adolescence. We made use of three-wave longitudinal data collected annually from a cohort of Swedish adolescents (N = 1,515, 51% girls, X¯¯¯X¯age at T1 = 13.0 years). The results revealed negative developmental trends for peer victimization and offending. Early pubertal timing was linked to higher initial levels and a steeper decrease of peer victimization and offending. The only effect of pubertal timing that differed between the genders was that the initial level of offending was stronger for boys than girls. In conclusion, the negative impact of early pubertal timing on peer victimization and offending occurs in the early stages of adolescence and disappears thereafter.
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| 14. |
- Stattin, Håkan, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Peer influences on adolescent drinking : a social transition perspective
- 1989
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 9:3, s. 227-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a longitudinal sample of Swedish midadolescents, variations from the normal transition into regular drinking habits were proposed to be linked to particular types of peer relationships. The interpersonal ecology for variations from the age-normative patterns was assumed to be the association with younger, older, or full-time working peers. As predicted, analyses for midadolescent males and females (N = 1,012) at age 14 years showed that having younger peers as friends was related to a lower prevalence of and less frequent drunkenness in midadolescence as compared to having only same-age peers as friends. Similar results were evident for association with older or with working peers. The differential impact of peers, which was evident at the age of 14 years, was still significant 17 months later but not at the age of 26 years. Discussion emphasized the need to assess differential influences on timing in the transitions in social behavior in adolescence.
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| 15. |
- Trost, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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The Study of Family Context : Examining Its Role for Identity Coherence and Adolescent Adjustment for Swedish Adolescents
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 40:2, s. 165-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present cross-sectional study aimed to examine whether characteristics of the parent-child relationship in adolescence are important for adjustment and identity development. Participants were recruited from schools in central Sweden for a larger longitudinal study when the cohort was 13- to 14-year-olds (N = 3,667). Characteristics of the parent-child relationship, like parental warmth, democratic parenting, and child communication, and adolescent adjustment problems and identity coherence were studied. It was found that democratic parenting was positively linked to child communication but negatively associated with problematic peer relationships and behavioral problems. Parental warmth was linked to other parenting characteristics as well as identity cohesion. Democratic parenting was linked to greater school engagement and identity coherence for boys and girls. Gender differences were found. The findings support the notion that democratic and warm parenting may provide support for adolescent identity development and adjustment.
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| 16. |
- Van Zalk, Nejra, et al.
(författare)
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Social Anxiety-Impulsivity Subgroups and Links to Later Emotional Adjustment in Adolescence : A Latent Transition Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 40:9, s. 1397-1426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing body of research has acknowledged the heterogeneity of subclinical social anxiety, identifying a subgroup of individuals who exhibit high levels of impulsivity. In a sample of Swedish early adolescents (N = 2,509, M-age = 13.64; 52.8% girls), we conducted latent transition analyses (LTA) to identify four classes of subclinical social anxiety-impulsivity across three time points. We identified a Low Social Anxiety-Low Impulsivity class, as well as a High Anxiety-High Impulsivity class for girls and boys, which had high levels of Time-4 internalizing problems. The latter class was less stable but larger for boys. There was also a more typical High Anxiety-Low Impulsivity class for both genders. Nevertheless, Low Anxiety-High Impulsivity girls and boys fared the worst in terms of both internalizing and externalizing problems later on. To our knowledge, this is the first study to adopt an LTA framework to investigate trajectories of early adolescent social anxiety-impulsivity over time.
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| 17. |
- Zettergren, Peter
(författare)
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Cluster analysis in sociometric research : A pattern-oriented approach to identifying temporally stable peer status groups of girls
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Early Adolescence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0272-4316 .- 1552-5449. ; 27:1, s. 90-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A modern clustering technique was applied to age-10 and age-13 sociometric data with the purpose of identifying longitudinally stable peer status clusters. The study included 445 girls from a Swedish longitudinal study. The identified temporally stable clusters of rejected, popular, and average girls were essentially larger than corresponding groups, identified according to the frequently used Coie, Dodge, and Coppotelli (CDC) classification method. It was further shown that all stably rejected and all (but one) stably popular CDC girls were members in corresponding clusters. Although no stable clusters of neglected or controversial girls were identified, some temporally volatile clusters were found, which were interpreted as largely accidental groupings. Rejected and popular clusters showed similar associations to some childhood adjustment correlates as the CDC groups and also have been documented by earlier sociometric research. The conclusion was that the clustering technique seems to be a promising classification method in longitudinal sociometric research.
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| 18. |
- Wiberg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Concentrations and enantiomer fractions of organochlorine compounds in Baltic species hit by reproductive impairment
- 2002
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-7268 .- 1552-8618. ; 21:12, s. 2542-2551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concentrations and enantiomer fractions (EFs) of organochlorine compounds (OCs) were determined in tissues of gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) and salmon (Salmo salar) originating from the Baltic Sea. The selected seal specimens ranged from starved to unstarved animals, and some of them suffered from a disease complex, while the salmon samples originated from individuals, which were known to produce offspring with and without the M74 syndrome. Significant differences in residue levels and EFs were found between seal groups but not between M74 salmon and non-M74 salmon. The relations between chemical and biological variables of seal samples were investigated with multivariate statistics. Poor health status correlated strongly with age, while bad nutrition condition was associated mainly with high pollution loads and distinctively nonracemic chiral OC compositions. High biotransformation rate (as indicated by fraction of chlordane metabolites in relation to total level of chlordanes) was also associated with large deviations from racemic values and high contaminant levels.
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| 19. |
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