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- CERNERUD, LARS, et al.
(författare)
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Secular Changes in Height and Weight of Stockholm Schoolchildren born in 1933, 1943, 1953 and 1963
- 1991
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 18:6, s. 497-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Secular growth changes of Stockholm schoolchildren born in 1933, 1943, 1953 and 1963 were studied through samples of about 2500 children in each year. Heights and weights at the ages 7, 10 and 13 years were obtained from school health records stored in the Stockholm city archives. The increase in height and weight at these ages was more marked between the children born in 1933 and 1943 than later, except for the girls aged 7, who had no increase in height. The increase in height between the later samples was at age 7 years practically none, at age 10 years about 1 cm/decade and at age 13 years 1-2 cm/decade. The body mass index (BMI) indicated a continuous trend towards a slimmer body build for Stockholm schoolchildren at the age of 7 years. At the ages of 10 and 13 years the BMI remained fairly stable for the cohorts born from 1943 to 1963.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- CERNERUD, LARS
(författare)
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The Association between Height and some Structural Social Variables : A study of 10-year-old children in Stockholm during 40 years
- 1993
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 20:5, s. 469-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The associations between height of 10-year old children and mother's age, family size, number of inhabitants per room and father's occupational level were investigated over a period of 40 years. The analyses were based on samples of 10-year-old Stockholm schoolchildren born in 1933, 1943, 1953 and 1963. Family size consistently associated with height. Father's occupational level showed a statistically significant association only for children growing up in the 1930s and 1940s, and the number of inhabitants per room only during the 1930s. Mother's age was significantly associated with height only in the cohort of children born in 1963, taller children having older mothers. The influence of the structural social factors taken together on height variation was lowest in the 1953 cohort; its magnitude in the 1963 cohort was the same as in the 1943 cohort.
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| 6. |
- Häggström Gunfridsson, Erling, Docent, PhD, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term health outcomes from inbreeding in a historical Swedish population : longevity, fertility, and impairments
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 51:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Inbreeding, arising from consanguinity between related parents, has been observed to impact the health of individuals, typically attributed to biological factors. Nevertheless, these effects may be influenced by the social and environmental conditions. The prevalence of consanguineous marriages increased in certain parts of Sweden after it became legal in 1844, which offers a unique opportunity to study and understand the effects of inbreeding on health.Aim: The objective of this study is to explore the potential impact of inbreeding on the longevity, fertility, and impairments of individuals born in the Skellefteå region, Sweden, between 1890 and 1905, with a follow-up period extending until 1950.Subjects and methods: The level of inbreeding is calculated using micro-level parish register data and related to longevity, fertility, and impairments using regression analysis.Results: Inbreeding is shown to be associated with longevity, fertility, and impairments. It seems to affect the risk of stillbirth and impairments and male longevity and fertility.Conclusion: Inbreeding seems to have had a detrimental effect on some health outcomes in this historical population under study.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lindgren, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Growth and Socioeconomic Background of Stockholm Schoolchildren born in 1933-63
- 1992
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 19:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) at aged 7, 10 and 13 years for samples of Stockholm schoolchildren born in 1933, 1943, 1953 and 1963 were analysed in relation to their socioeconomic background. In height there were significant socioeconomic differences for boys and girls born in 1933 and 1943 at the ages of 7 and 10 years; children from the lowest socioeconomic group were smaller. For the cohort born in 1953 there were, however, no socioeconomic differences in height - either for boys or for girls. For children born in 1963, socioeconomic differences in height appeared again, but mainly for the boys; boys in the lowest socioeconomic group were smaller. Significant weight differences between socioeconomic groups were for the boys found only in cohorts born in 1943 and in 1963 and for the girls born in 1933, 1943 and 1953. Socioeconomic differences in BMI were found for boys born in 1943, when the middle socioeconomic group had the lowest index, and for boys born in 1963 when the highest socioeconomic group had the highest index. For girls socioeconomic differences in BMI were only found for girls born in 1953 when the lowest group had the highest BMI. The main conclusions from the study were: socioeconomic differences in height formerly present in Stockholm schoolchildren born in 1933 and 1943 were levelled out for the children born in 1953, but reappeared again for children born in 1963 - mainly for the boys; these socioeconomic height differences for the 1963 cohort were of about the same magnitudes as those for the cohort born in 1943 during the Second World War. The influence of socioeconomic background on the BMI of Stockholm schoolchildren born 1933-63 was not so marked.
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| 9. |
- Liversidge, HM, et al.
(författare)
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Timing of Demirjian's tooth formation stages
- 2006
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Ingår i: Annals of human biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 33:4, s. 454-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Said-Mohamed, Rihlat, et al.
(författare)
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Rural-urban variations in age at menarche, adult height, leg-length and abdominal adiposity in black South African women in transitioning South Africa
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 45:2, s. 123-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The pre-pubertal socioeconomic environment may be an important determinant of age at menarche, adult height, body proportions and adiposity: traits closely linked to adolescent and adult health.Aims: This study explored differences in age at menarche, adult height, relative leg-length and waist circumference between rural and urban black South African young adult women, who are at different stages of the nutrition and epidemiologic transitions.Subjects and methods: We compared 18-23 year-old black South African women, 482 urban-dwelling from Soweto and 509 from the rural Mpumalanga province. Age at menarche, obstetric history and household socio-demographic and economic information were recorded using interview-administered questionnaires. Height, sitting-height, hip and waist circumference were measured using standardised techniques.Results: Urban and rural black South African women differed in their age at menarche (at ages 12.7 and 14.5 years, respectively). In urban women, a one-year increase in age at menarche was associated with a 0.65 cm and 0.16% increase in height and relative leg-length ratio, respectively. In both settings, earlier age at menarche and shorter relative leg-length were independently associated with an increase in waist circumference.Conclusions: In black South African women, the earlier onset of puberty, and consequently an earlier growth cessation process, may lead to central fat mass accumulation in adulthood.
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| 12. |
- Scorrano, G., et al.
(författare)
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The genetic and cultural impact of the Steppe migration into Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 48:3, s. 223-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background During the early 3rd millennium BCE migration from Pontic Steppe, mainly related to Yamnaya culture, has affected European populations both culturally and genetically, however, it has long been debated to what extent this migration was male-driven, and how this replacement process took place which eliminated partially/largely Neolithic male lines over time. Aim This paper aims to evaluate the influence of the Steppe migration on European Bronze Age populations by calculating both male and female genetic contributions of the Steppe-related ancestry to the European Bronze Age populations. With this approach, we will be able to clarify the hypotheses on whether it was male-biased migration or not. Subjects and methods To evaluate the genetic impact and the proportion of the Steppe-related ancestry to the European Bronze Age populations, we performed PCA and qpAdm analyses by using published genome-wide data. In addition, we quantified male and female genetic contribution into Europe by using the analysis of uniparental markers and the X-chromosome. Results The Steppe migration had a considerable impact on the genetic makeup of the Bronze Age European populations. The data suggest that the Steppe-related ancestry arriving into Central Europe was male-driven, dominantly in the Corded Ware culture populations and lesser in the Bell Beaker populations. In fact, there is no evidence that this migration had a significant input on the mitochondrial genetic pool of all European Bronze Age populations. Conclusions Our analyses suggest that the Steppe-related ancestry had genetic impact on mainly Central-Eastern Europe. Moreover, this migration was male-driven for most of the Central European populations belonging to the Corded Ware groups, and to a lesser extent for the Bell Beaker groups.
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| 13. |
- Terán, José Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Low birthweight prevalence among Spanish women during the economic crisis : differences by parity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 47:3, s. 304-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have demonstrated a negative, significant impact on birthweight associated with the current economic crisis in Spain, which has also been reported for other European countries. Effects by parity are not known. Our aim is to compare the trends in low birthweight (LBW) by parity in Spain from 1996 to 2016. Using the National Vital Statistics data, joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the time periods of significant changes in the prevalence of LBW by parity. Adjusted relative risk (RR) of LBW by year of birth was calculated in order to confirm that the time trend differences in LBW by parity were independent of possible confounders. The prevalence of LBW among live births to primiparous increased from 5.12% to 6.87% in 2008 and then stabilised at maximum values, while among live births to multiparous LBW increased from 3.96% to a maximum of 5.20% and then significantly reduced. Trends in adjusted RR of LBW by parity confirm that primiparous and multiparous were affected differently by the economic crisis. Older, nulliparous women may have felt more biosocial pressure to reproduce during the economic crisis, compared to women who were already mothers. This biosocial pressure may have increased the risks for LBW.
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| 14. |
- Zhang, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Relation of socioeconomic status to overweight and obesity : a large population-based study of Chinese adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 44:6, s. 495-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: China has been going through significant changes in social and economical aspects and with great socioeconomic disparity in different regions. However, data on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity are not available in Tianjin, China.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between SES and high adiposity among the adult population in Tianjin.Subjects and methods: A total of 7351 individuals aged 20-79 were included in this study. Socioeconomic information was collected through an interview following a structured questionnaire. Waist circumference, body weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the criteria of the Working Group on Obesity in China. Data were analysed using multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders.Results: Stratified analysis showed that higher monthly income and education were related to decreased odds of abdominal overweight/ obesity in women, while high education was associated with increased odds of general overweight/obesity in men. Retirement increased the odds of abdominal overweight and obesity and non-manual work was associated with low odds of abdominal obesity in women.Conclusions: SES was associated with general and abdominal overweight/obesity and sex may play a role in such an association.
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| 15. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cumulative incidence of and risk factors for BCG infection after adjuvant BCG instillations
- 2024
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Ingår i: BJU INTERNATIONAL. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo investigate the cumulative incidence proportion of disseminated or local Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infections after adjuvant BCG instillations in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).Patients and MethodsWe analysed the timing and occurrence of BCG infections and absolute and relative risk in relation to patient characteristics available in the Swedish nationwide database 'BladderBaSe 2.0'. The cumulative incidence proportion of a BCG infection was indicated by a reported diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in the patient registry or filing a prescription for tuberculostatic drugs.ResultsThe cumulative incidence proportion was 1.1% at the 5-year follow-up in 5033 patients exposed to adjuvant BCG instillations. The incidence rate was highest during the first 2 years after start of BCG instillations. Women had a lower risk than men (hazard ratio 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.74). Age and calendar time at diagnosis, comorbidity, tumour risk group, previous medication with corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or time between transurethral resection of the bladder tumour and commencing the adjuvant BCG instillation were not associated with risk.ConclusionsThese data further supports that the overall risk of a BCG infection after BCG-instillation treatment for NMIBC is low. The great majority of infections occur in the first 2 years, calling for an awareness of the diverse symptoms of BCG infection during this period. We provide evidence for male sex as a risk factor; however, the statistical precision is low and with a risk of selection bias, making it difficult to rule out the other suggested risk factors without further studies with different approaches.
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