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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alm, A., et al.
(författare)
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Caries in adolescence - influence from early childhood
- 2012
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 40:2, s. 125-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyse the relationship between caries determinants in early childhood and caries prevalence in proximal surfaces in adolescents at the age of 15 years. Methods: The present longitudinal study is part of a series of surveys of oral health in 671 children followed from 1 to 15 years of age. Data were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires at 1, 3 and 6 years and bitewing radiographs at 15 years of age. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify caries-related determinants. The outcome variable was carious lesions and fillings (DFa) in approximal tooth surfaces at 15 years of age. Statistical comparisons were made between caries-free teenagers, DFa = 0 and teenagers with DFa > 0, DFa 4 and DFa 8, respectively. Results: In the final logistic regression analyses, caries experience at 6 years and mother's self-estimation of her oral health care as being less good to poor remained statistically significant and were related to caries in all three caries groups (i.e. DF > 0, 4 and 8) at 15 years of age. The consumption of sweets at 1 year remained statistically significant, with a caries experience of DF 4 and 8. The variables 'parents born abroad' and female gender were statistically significantly associated with DFa 4 and DFa 8, respectively. Furthermore, infrequent toothbrushing habits at 3 years of age and failure to attend the examination at 1 year were statistically significantly associated with caries at 15 years in the univariable analyses. Conclusion: Early caries experience, consumption of sweets at an early age and mother's self-estimation of her oral health care as being less good to poor are associated with approximal caries in adolescents. The study indicates that caries determinants identified during early childhood have a strong impact on approximal caries in adolescence.
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| 4. |
- Anticona Huaynate, Cynthia, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing inequities in unmet oral care needs among adults in Sweden : An intersectional approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 51:3, s. 428-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The goal of the Swedish oral healthcare system is to achieve good oral health and equitable access to care for the entire population. However, considerable inequities in oral health and care are evident and occur across a range of social dimensions. This study uses an intersectional approach to examine complex inequities in unmet oral care needs among adults in Sweden over the period 2004–2021.Methods: Data were obtained from 14 Health on Equal Terms surveys conducted during 2004–2021. The final sample was 129 473 individuals aged 26–84 years. Applying intersectional analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy, inequities in unmet oral care needs were estimated across 48 intersectional strata defined by gender, age, educational level, individual disposable income and immigrant status.Results: A high risk of unmet oral care needs was found among strata consisting of immigrants and those with low income. However, being an immigrant and/or having a low income did not universally entail a high risk but varied by the social position along other axes, particularly age and education. The discriminatory accuracy was moderate.Conclusion: Groups with certain social disadvantages are highly heterogeneous themselves. An intersectionality approach is important to prevent the risk of stigmatizing large heterogenous groups while failing to identify the most vulnerable strata. The discriminatory accuracy analysis suggested that further policy and/or interventions may be the most effective if approaching the whole population, combined with selected targeted interventions directed at the most disadvantaged social strata.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Barenthin, I, et al.
(författare)
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A two-wave interview study of frequency of dental visits and dental complaints
- 1979
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 7:3, s. 128-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A panel of 268 persons were interviewed twice at an interval of 2 years concerning their visits to dentists and their dental status. The answers they gave on the two occasions agreed well, except for the year of the last visit if it had taken place long ago. This was true both for the people who had gone to the dentist between the interviews and for those who had not. The panel was also asked whether they had any dental complaints. Sixteen percent of them reported complaints at one or both interviews. Complaints were more common among persons who did not often go to the dentist. The persons with complaints did not always get rid of them by going to a dentist. It is concluded that interview data be used for investigating the dental health and behavior of people who do not often go to the dentist, and that dentists are more successful in maintaining good dental health in people who have no dental complaints than in people who report having complaints.
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric measures of dental fear.
- 1984
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661. ; 12:5, s. 319-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four psychometric scales: Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), a modified version of the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), the Health Locus of Control Scale (HLCS), and a Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), were studied with regard to their implications for dental fear. Swedish versions given to groups of fearful and non-fearful dental patients as well as non-patients showed satisfactory metric properties. Mean scores obtained were in most cases similar to those reported for original American versions, even though some indications of cultural differences were observed. The scales seem to reflect important aspects of dental fear, and they represent a valuable methodology in research on etiology and treatment of dental fear.
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| 9. |
- Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Usefulness of two psychometric scales in Swedish patients with severe dental fear.
- 1985
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661. ; 13:2, s. 70-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental fears and other fears were assessed in 67 patients with dental fear with the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), and a behavioral dentist's rating scale (DR). Patients were selected because of extreme initial dental fear (n = 20), favorable response to treatment for dental fear (n = 23). CDAS change paralleled behavioral change (DR), supporting the usefulness of CDAS in assessing dental fear. GFS scores did not change in either group but were higher among patients who did not respond to treatment for dental fear; these findings are discussed in terms of treatment outcome prediction and treatment specificity.
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Social and health-related factors associated with refraining from seeking dental care : A cross-sectional population study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 45:3, s. 258-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Social inequities are considered to affect healthcare utilization, whereas less is known about the factors associated with refraining from seeking dental care. This study aimed to investigate whether people with no social support, long-term illness, caregiver burden and low socioeconomic status (SES) refrained from seeking dental care in higher proportion than the general Swedish population.Methods: This study used cross-sectional questionnaire data from repeated nationwide health surveys during 2004-2013 of a total of 90 845 people. The questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics, social support, long-term illness, caregiving burden, SES and dental care-seeking behaviour. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, correlation analyses and logistic regressions were used to investigate associations between independent variables and dental care-seeking behaviour.Results: In the total sample, 15.1% of respondents reported refraining from seeking dental care. Having no emotional social support or having no instrumental social support was separately associated with reporting refraining from seeking dental care in adjusted multivariate models (odds ratio [OR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.34 and OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.67-2.13, respectively). Having a long-term illness was associated with refraining from seeking dental care in adjusted models (adjusted OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.35-1.51). Furthermore, being an informal caregiver was associated with refraining from seeking dental care (adjusted OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07-1.23). Low SES was associated with higher refraining from seeking dental care; the strongest association was with having financial problems (adjusted OR: 3.57, 95% CI: 3.19-4.00). Interaction effects were found between education level and SES, and between social support and long-term illness, and the outcome.Conclusions: The findings in this study imply that having no social support, having long-term illness, being informal caregiver or having financial problems are factors associated with reporting refraining from seeking dental care, on a population basis.
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| 11. |
- Bergström, Eva-Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Approximal caries increment in adolescents in a low caries prevalence area in Sweden after a 3.5-year school-based fluoride varnish programme with Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat
- 2014
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 42:5, s. 404-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo evaluate approximal caries increment among 12- to 16-year-olds in a low caries prevalence area in Sweden after a 3.5-year school-based fluoride (F) varnish programme with Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat. MethodsThe design was a RCT study with 1365 adolescents, divided into following four groups: Group 1 Bifluorid 12 two applications/year; Group 2 Duraphat two applications/year; Group 3 Bifluorid 12 four applications/year and Group 4 no F varnish at school. 1143 children (84%) completed the study. Approximal caries was registered on bitewing radiographs. ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in caries prevalence among the groups either at baseline or after 3.5years . The caries increment for Group 1 was 1.342.99 (mean +/- SD), 1.24 +/- 2.84 for Group 2, 1.07 +/- 2.66 for Group 3 and 1.25 +/- 2.75 for Group 4, with no statically significant differences either between Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat with the same frequency of F varnish applications or between the F groups and the control group. ConclusionsIn an area with low caries prevalence in Sweden, the supplementary caries-preventive effect of school-based F varnish applications, to regular use of F toothpaste at home and to regular caries prevention given at the Public Dental Clinics, appears to be nonsignificant regarding approximal caries increment.
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| 12. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Does staff-assessed care quality predict early failure of dental fillings? : A prospective study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 48:5, s. 387-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate staff-assessed care quality as an indicator of register-based measures of care quality at dental clinics, more specifically register-based measures of survival of dental fillings and initiation of preventive treatments for caries patients.Methods: This prospective study includes data from cross-sectional workplace psychosocial risk assessment surveys at dental clinics and register data on survival of dental fillings, and initiation of preventive treatment for caries patients obtained from the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontal Disease (SKaPa) Demographic background data on the age, gender, income level and place of birth of patients was obtained from Statistics Sweden (SCB). The data were analysed using discrete-time multilevel survival analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The results showed that staff-assessed care quality rated by the total staff or by dental nurses at the clinic predicted the risk of replacement of dental fillings made due to a caries diagnosis during the 3-year follow-up period, controlling for potential confounding due to patient demographic characteristics (age, sex, income and country of birth). In contrast, the better the staff-assessed care quality at the clinic, the smaller the proportion of the patients received preventive care in addition to operative caries therapy when controlling for potential confounding due to patient demographics. Care quality assessed by dentists at the clinic did not predict either of these outcome measures.Conclusions: Premature failure of dental fillings is costly for both patients and society, which leads to a need for relevant measures for following dental care quality. Our findings indicate that staff-assessed care quality - a cheap and easy measure to collect and follow continuously in dental practice - can be used to monitor aspects of quality in real time in order to facilitate continuous improvement and quickly amend quality problems. Also, it can be used for integrating quality improvement in systematic work environment risk management.
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| 13. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Good Work for dentists - a qualitative analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 38:2, s. 159-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study explores dentists' perceptions of Good Work in the meaning of positive and rewarding aspects in their work in contrast to a traditional problem-centred focus on work life. Methods: Nine informants were selected among Danish and Swedish general dental practitioners to obtain variation as to country of origin, gender, age and clinical work experience. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim in the original language. Statements concerning positive aspects of work were used for systematic text condensation according to the principles of Giorgi's phenomenological analysis, as modified by Malterud, generalizing descriptions reflecting aspects of Good Work. Selection of participants continued until saturation of the emerging categories was achieved. Results: The core of Good Work emanates from the clinical encounter: from the relation with the patient and from the opportunity to carry out high quality odontological handicraft. Social relations at the workplace, as well as organizational values and conditions were perceived as influencing the opportunities to achieve the rewarding aspects from the clinical encounter. Conclusions: The results implicate a need for developing a work-environmental model with intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards when dealing with human service organizations. At policy level it is necessary to address the professional culture.
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| 14. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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It is not just about occupation, but also about where you work
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 45:4, s. 372-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Dentistry is characterized by a meaningful but also stressful psychosocial working environment. Job satisfaction varies among staff working under different organizational forms. The aim of this study was to identify (i) to what extent crucial psychosocial work environment characteristics differ among occupations in general public dental clinics in Sweden, and (ii) how much of the variation within each occupation is attributable to the organizational level. Methods: All staff (N=1782) employed in four public dental organizations received an email with personal log-in to an electronic questionnaire based on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. After two reminders, a response rate of 75% was obtained. Responses from 880 nonmanagerial dentists, dental hygienists and dental nurses working in general practices were included in our analyses. Results: First, we compared the three dental occupations. We found that job demands, task resources (eg influence, possibilities for development and role clarity), strain symptoms and attitudes to work differed among occupations, dentists having the least favourable situation. Next, we compared the four organizations for each occupational group, separately. For dentists, a significant and relevant amount of variance (P<.05 and ICC >.05) was explained by the organizational level for 15 of 26 subscales, least pronounced for task resources. By contrast, for dental nurses and hygienists, the corresponding number was 2 subscales of 26. The psychosocial working environment of people working at the organization with the highest levels of strain indicators and the least positive work-related attitudes differed systematically from the organization with the most favourable profile, in particular regarding job demands and leadership aspects. Conclusion: In conclusion, the psychosocial working environment depended to a large degree on occupation and, for dentists in particular, also on their organizational affiliation. The findings suggest a potential for designing interventions at organizational level for improvements of the psychosocial working environment for dentists.
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| 15. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of social support, community and trust in dentistry
- 2011
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 39:4, s. 289-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Relationships among people at work have previously been found to contribute to the perception of having a good work. The aim of the present paper was to develop scales measuring aspects of social support, trust, and community among dentists, and to evaluate psychometric properties of the scales. Material and methods: In 2008, a questionnaire was sent to 1835 general dental practitioners randomly selected from the dental associations in Sweden and Denmark. The response rate was 68% after two reminders. Principal Component Analysis was applied to 14 items and scales were established based on the resulting factors. Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) with respect to gender, nationality and employment sector was analysed using ordinal logistic regression methods. Construct validity was assessed in relation to selfrated health and a range of work satisfaction outcomes. Results: The percentage of missing values on the items was low (range 0.7%–3.8%). Two scales (range 0–100) were established to measure ‘Community with Trust’ (nine items, mean = 79.2 [SD = 13.4], Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89) and ‘Collegial Support’ (five items, mean = 70.4 [SD = 20.8], Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89). DIF of only minor importance was found which supported cultural equivalence. The two scales were weakly positively correlated with each other. ‘Community with Trust’ was in general more strongly correlated with work satisfaction variables than ‘Collegial Support’ was. Conclusions: Stability and internal consistency of the scales were considered as satisfactory. Content validity and construct validity were considered as good. Further validation in other populations is recommended.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bongo, Ann Kristine Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Caries experience among adults in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway
- 2021
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 49:5, s. 401-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Dental caries is a major oral health problem among indigenous people worldwide, but knowledge on this issue among the indigenous Sámi people in Norway is scarce. The aim of the study was to describe dental caries experience in an adult population in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway and to assess the corresponding associations with socio-demographic, socioeconomic and oral health-related behavioural factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on data from the Dental Health in the North study (2033 participants aged 18-75years). A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic and oral health-related behavioural factors. Clinical examinations were performed by dentists and dental hygienists at Public Dental Service (PDS) clinics in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway. Results: About 68% (n=1380) of participants reported Sámi ethnicity, and the mean number of decayed (D), missed (M) and filled (F) teeth (T) was 16.2 (standard deviation [SD]=6.7). The mean DMFT was 15.7 (SD=6.7) among Sámi and 17.0 (SD=6.7) among non-Sámi. The mean DT among Sámi was 1.0 (SD=1.6), with a significant, higher prevalence among coastal Sámi (DT=1.3, SD=1.8) than inland Sámi (DT=0.8, SD=1.5). Living in the coastal region, consumption of sugary soft drinks several times a week or daily, toothbrushing less than daily and irregular dental visits were associated with DT. Conclusions: Caries experience among adults in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway was common. Dental caries were more common in the coastal than the inland region, with minor differences in caries experience between Sámi and non-Sámi people within these regions.
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| 18. |
- Borglin, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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The life cycle analysis of a dental examination : Quantifying the environmental burden of an examination in a hypothetical dental practice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 49:6, s. 581-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Global sustainability is considered the number one health concern facing our planet. Dental care is currently not provided in a sustainable way. This study aims to quantify the potential environmental burden of an examination in a hypothetical dental practice and identify major contributors to environmental harm.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A life cycle analysis was performed for the life cycle of an examination of one patient in a hypothetical dental practice. The equipment and products analysed were those available at the Faculty of Dentistry, Malmö University. The Ecoinvent version 3.5 database and the life cycle assessment software tool OpenLCA version 1.10 were chosen for this study.RESULTS: Normalized results indicate that the impact categories to which the modelled examination most significantly contributes are water scarcity, freshwater eutrophication and human toxicity (cancer effects). The major contributors or hotspots relating to the environmental harm of an examination procedure are soaps and detergents, disposable bibs, surface disinfection, stainless-steel instruments, clothing, water use and wastewater.CONCLUSION: Normalized results indicate that the potential environmental impact of an examination compared to one individual's impact per year is minimal. Considering the potential number of dental examinations and other dental procedures performed every year puts the findings in another perspective. This paper touches on some of the ways that the environmental burden of an examination could be reduced. Small changes to everyday practice, such as always making sure the dishwasher and washing machines are full when turned on, using less environmentally damaging soaps, more sustainable clothing alternatives and using necessary instruments could significantly reduce dentistry's environmental impact. Changes in materials and practice may result in potential trade-offs. Research would need to be carried out comparing the environmental burden of any alternatives. We hope in the near future that there will be more evidence relating to products used within dental care settings, potential trade-offs and dentistry's environmental burden.
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| 19. |
- Bratthall, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
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Cariogram - a multifactorial risk assessment model for a multifactorial disease
- 2005
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 33:4, s. 256-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper reviews some common methods for the assessment of caries risk. It also describes a new way of illustrating the caries risk profile of an individual, the Cariogram. Past caries experience and socioeconomic factors are often used for prediction of caries. As prediction models, the methods are simple, inexpensive and fast. However, they are not risk models, as they do not specify which particular risk factors are operating. Various biological factors can be used for risk assessment. Common ones are bacteria, diet and host factors. Taken separately, these biological factors often have limited predictive values. Socioeconomic factors often have a heavy impact on the biological factors as they can explain why an individual, for example, has a cariogenic diet or neglects oral hygiene. The biological factors are the immediate cause of the cavities. Caries experience is an illustration of how the host copes up with the biological activity. To facilitate the interpretation of biological data, the Cariogram was developed. It is a computer program showing a graphical picture that illustrates a possible overall caries risk scenario. The program contains an algorithm that presents a 'weighted' analysis of the input data, mainly biological factors. It expresses as to what extent different etiological factors of caries affect caries risk. The Cariogram identifies the caries risk factors for the individual and provides examples of preventive and treatment strategies to the clinician.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence of signs of osteoarthritis/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint on panoramic radiographs in Swedish women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 45:5, s. 478-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of radiographic signs of osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) among middle-aged and older women. Methods: Data were collected from ongoing representative, longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional studies in Gothenburg, Sweden. Panoramic radiographs (PAN) have been taken regularly since 1968. The cohorts were systematically selected from the female population at the ages of 38, 50, 62 and 74. Condylar alterations indicative of OA (flattening/osteophyte/erosion) were evaluated in a total of 5234 PANs by one examiner under standardized conditions. Intra-examiner reliability was good. Sensitivity was poor, and specificity was acceptable in relation to computed tomography. Results: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ was 18% on panoramic radiographs at the age of 38, gradually increasing with age. At the age of 62, the prevalence was 38%, and it was stable around 45% in the older age groups. The highest incidence rate of OA was between the ages of 55 and 65. Bilateral OA was uncommon. Flattening was the most prominent finding. Conclusion: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ, including remodeling, evaluated on panoramic radiographs in representative cohorts of women, increases substantially with age. Around one in every five middle-aged women and almost every second woman of older ages can be expected to have some radiographic alteration in the TMJ. The highest proportion with new findings of OA is to be found among older middle-aged women.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Carlsson, Sven G., 1935, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of dental fear: psychophysiological correlates.
- 1986
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661. ; 14:5, s. 253-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EMG, HR and SCR were continuously recorded during two Standardized Dental Examinations (SDE) of 15 dental phobics. Following the first SDE, the patients were assigned to two treatment groups, one receiving systematic desensitization followed by two separate amalgam restorations and one premedicated with Valium for the two restorations. The dentist rated the patients' behavior on a 5-point scale. Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) was used prior to the first SDE and following the second SDE. The second SDE was conducted on a separate occasion following the second restoration. No significant correlations were found between any of the physiological measures and either the dentist's ratings or the second DAS or DAS change scores. Significant differences found between the two treatment groups on the dentist's ratings, second DAS, and change scores were not reflected by the physiological measures.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Celeste, R. K., et al.
(författare)
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Trends in socioeconomic disparities in oral health in Brazil and Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 39:3, s. 204-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To describe the dynamics of trends in socioeconomic disparities in oral health in Brazil and Sweden among adults, to assess whether trends follow expected patterns according to the inverse equity hypothesis.Methods: In Sweden, we obtained nationally representative data for the years 1968, 1974, 1981, 1991 and 2000, and in Brazil, for 16 state capitals in 1986 and in 2002. Trends in the prevalence of ‘edentulism’ and of ‘teeth in good conditions’ were described in two groups aged 35–44 with lower and higher economic standards, respectively.Results: There was an annual decline in disparities in ‘edentulism’ of 0.4 percentage points (pp) (95% CI = 0.2–0.7) in Brazil and 0.7pp (95% CI = 0.5–0.9) in Sweden, as a result of improvements in both income groups. Concerning ‘teeth in good conditions’, in Brazil, there was improvement only in the higher income group and absolute disparities have increased (0.5pp annually), while in Sweden, there was a nonsignificant decrease (0.3pp annually) with improvements in both groups. Since 1991 in Sweden and in 2002 in Brazil, our measures of socioeconomic disparities in ‘edentulism’ were not statistically significant. Trends did not differ by sex or dental visit.Conclusions: Despite improvements in both income groups and a decrease in disparities in ‘edentulism’, the poorer group in Brazil has seen no improvement in ‘teeth in good conditions’ and disparities have increased. It appears that Brazil and Sweden reflect different stages of trend for ‘teeth in good conditions’ and the same stages for ‘edentulism’, represented by the inverse equity hypothesis.
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| 27. |
- Christell, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for costing diagnostic methods in oral health care : an application comparing a new imaging technology with the conventional approach for maxillary canines with eruption disturbances
- 2012
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 40:4, s. 351-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aims were (i) to propose a framework for costing diagnostic methods in oral health care and (ii) to illustrate the application of the framework to the radiographic examination of maxillary canines with eruption disturbances. Methods: The framework for costing, following Drummond et al.(2005), includes three elements: (i) identification of different resources used in producing and delivering the service, (ii) measurement of the amount of each resource required and (iii) valuation of the resources in monetary terms. Four data collection instruments were designed – a protocol for apportioning the cost of capital equipment to each diagnostic procedure, separate forms for recording consumable items, for the time of different health care providers used for a diagnostic examination and a patient survey for calculation of the total cost to the patient associated with the examination. The framework was applied to the radiographic examination of maxillary canines with eruption disturbances comparing two imaging methods: (i) a new method with cone beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography and (ii) a conventional method using intraoral and panoramic radiography. The primary analysis was performed from the perspective of the health care system. A separate analysis included patient costs with health care system costs to provide a societal perspective. Comparison of the two perspectives allows consideration of whether any costs savings to the health care system are generated at the expense of greater costs for patients and their families. Data for the cost-analysis were retrieved from 47 patients (mean age 14 years) referred to a department of radiology for examination of maxillary canines. Results:Application of the framework for costing allowed us to compare the resources used to perform examinations of the two methods. The mean total cost per examination for the new method was 128.38€ and 81.80€ for the conventional method, resulting in an incremental cost per examination of the new method of 46.58€. Conclusions: The application of the framework demonstrates the feasibility of measuring and comparing the total costs as well as the distribution of total costs between providers and patients for different approaches to this common examination.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Dong, Qingshan, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic on the department of stomatology in a tertiary hospital : A case study in the General Hospital of the Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
- 2021
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 49:6, s. 557-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The impact of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic on the dental community is evident. Dental education programmes and academic activities have suffered from the ramifications of the pandemic. This study aimed to depict the impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic on the clinical services and academic activities in the department of stomatology of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China.Methods: We obtained historical data of the Department of Stomatology from the Health Information System of the General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China between January 2018 and June 2020. Mean, standard deviation and median with interquartile range were used to summarize the variables. Line plots were used to illustrate the temporal trend. The Kruskal-Wallis equality-of-populations rank test was used to compare the difference between groups.Results: A significant decrease was noted in the monthly average number of patients seeking outpatient services for the year 2020, which were decreased by two-thirds from 2018 to 2020. The number of emergency cases also decreased significantly by 57.6% in 2020. The monthly number of teaching hours decreased from 3.8 +/- 1.5 in 2018 and 4.7 +/- 1.4 in 2019 to 1.7 +/- 1.9 in 2020. The number of interns also decreased by more than 77.0% in 2020.Conclusions: The impacts of COVID-19 in the stomatology clinic were significant with notable decreases in clinical services and education offered to the stomatology students. There is a need to find solutions to keep as many dental professionals as needed remaining on the frontline of oral health care.
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| 32. |
- Edman, Kristina, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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'Periodontal health and disease in an older population : A 10-year longitudinal study'
- 2022
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 50:4, s. 225-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To investigate alveolar bone loss (ABL), which is an indicator of periodontitis, and to identify risk factors for ABL in an older population between 2008 and 2018. Methods This longitudinal study used data from a questionnaire survey and a clinical examination administered on two occasions ten years apart to 273 individuals who were 65 years and 75 years in 2008. Results The mean number of teeth decreased significantly over the ten-year study period, while the proportion of individuals with calculus and moderate ABL visible on radiographs increased. For both ages, the number of teeth decreased by a mean of 2 teeth. The proportions of participants reporting poor general health, daily medication, xerostomia, living singly, visiting dental care irregularly and being in need of extra support in their homes all increased over the observation period. Conclusions Despite an increased progression of moderate alveolar bone loss, a fairly good dentition and chewing capacity was retained in this older population. However, the individual's age and fragility are important indicators that need to be considered when planning oral health care and the availability of dental care.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Flink, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of hyposalivation in relation to general health, body mass index and remaining teeth in different age groups of adults
- 2008
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 36:6, s. 523-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:Several studies have been conducted on the prevalence of hyposalivation in older adults but no population-based studies in younger adults. Therefore, our aims were to determine the prevalence of very low and low unstimulated (UWSFR) and stimulated (SWSFR) whole salivary flow rates in different age groups between 20 and 69 years, and to analyse the relationship between hyposalivation, subjective oral dryness and predictors of reduced flow rate.METHODS:A randomized and stratified cross-sectional study including 1427 dental patients was conducted. UWSFR and SWSFR were measured, numbers of remaining teeth recorded and a questionnaire answered regarding subjective oral dryness, general diseases, use of drugs, body mass index (BMI) and use of tobacco.RESULTS:The prevalence of very low (<0.1 ml/min) and low (0.10-0.19 ml/min) UWSFR was similar for different age groups up to 50 years, ranging between 10.9-17.8% and 17.3-22.7%, respectively. The prevalence of very low UWSFR was significantly higher for women aged 50-69 years than for younger women. For men, prevalence of very low UWSFR was higher at 60-69 years. The prevalence of very low (<0.7 ml/min) and low (0.70 - 0.99 ml/min) SWSFR was between 0-5.5% and 0.8-8.2%, respectively, for the different age groups 20-69 years. Multiple logistic regression revealed that age above 50 years, female gender, having fewer than 20 teeth, and taking xerogenic drugs significantly increased the risk of very low UWSFR. For very low SWSFR, only having fewer than 20 teeth and taking more than two drugs were significant. In the younger individuals (<50 years) only BMI > 25 for very low UWSFR and diagnosed disease for very low SWSFR were found significant. In this younger subset, female gender combined with having fewer than 27 teeth was significant for low UWSFR.CONCLUSIONS:Hyposalivation is prevalent in younger adults, among whom it is associated with diagnosed disease and high BMI, while after age 50 years it is associated with medication. It is also associated with gender and with fewer remaining teeth.
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| 36. |
- Franzén, Cecilia
(författare)
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Boundary work of dentists in everyday work
- 2012
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 40:4, s. 377-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The Swedish policy objectives in dental care provision – to meet public demands for dental care and to increase the cost-effectiveness of the service – require dentists to work in teams with dental hygienists and dental nurses. This study focused on the role of dentists in the distribution of work tasks within teams in one Swedish Public Dental Service organisation. Dental clinics were viewed as micro-political arenas in which dentists attempt to demarcate professional boundaries in response to teamwork. Methods Semi-structured interviews, observations and documents were used. The interviewed individuals were seven dentists employed at two clinics, the managers of each clinic and the general manager. The dentists were interviewed to investigate how they defend or blur professional boundaries. They were also observed at work. The clinic managers and the general manager were interviewed to identify their expectations of dentists concerning work division. The documents comprised organisational plans and annual reports. Results Dentists demarcated professional boundaries by utilising various power resources: treatment responsibility, specialist knowledge, discretion, and avoidance of work considered to be low status work. The dentists also contributed to blurred boundaries between themselves and the other dental professionals by discussing patient treatment, giving and receiving advice, and assisting the others in skill development. Conclusion Although dentists' boundary work could obstruct implementation of policy objectives, dentists' behaviour contributed to effective collaboration within the teams.
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| 37. |
- Geraets, Wil G, et al.
(författare)
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Osteoporosis and the general dental practitioner : reliability of some digital dental radiological measures
- 2007
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 35:6, s. 465-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Dental radiographs are relatively inexpensive and are regularly made of a large fraction of the adult population; therefore, they represent an enormous potential as a screening tool for osteoporosis. Monitoring the population by means of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is currently the most accepted method for diagnosing osteoporosis, involves enormous costs and facilities. In previous studies, it was shown that the radiographic trabecular pattern shows correlations with the bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by DXA. The objective of this study was to assess the reproducibility of the quantitative analysis of the trabecular pattern on dental radiographs. METHODS: Six regions of interest were selected manually on three digital radiographic images of 20 women. This process was performed 10 times resulting in 1200 image samples. For each image sample 26 parameters were measured. The reliability of the parameters was evaluated by means of Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: Of the values of Cronbach's alpha 83% is at least 0.9 and 99% is at least 0.8. CONCLUSIONS: The measurements of the parameters used in this study are very reproducible. Therefore, the manual selection of the regions of interest does not introduce large amounts of noise. The imaging parameters potentially offer an accurate tool for the prediction of BMD values. PMID: 18039288 [PubMed - in process]
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| 38. |
- Gerdin, Elisabeth Warnberg, et al.
(författare)
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Dental caries and body mass index by socio-economic status in Swedish children
- 2008
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 36:5, s. 459-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between dental caries, childhood body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status in Swedish children. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 2303 10-year-old children with data on socioeconomic status, BMI at 4, 5, 7 and 10 years of age, and caries at 6, 10 and 12 years of age. Anthropometric measures were carried out by trained nurses according to standardized routines. The occurrence of caries was registered from county records, and the children were classified into one of five socioeconomic clusters based on their census registration address. Results: Caries prevalence decreased with increasing socioeconomic status at all ages, whereas childhood BMI and proportion of overweight/obese children were unrelated to socioeconomic status. Obese, but not overweight, children had more caries affected teeth than non-obese, and BMI had an independent, though weak, effect on caries variation in multiple regression. Interestingly, overweight/obese 4-year-olds, who had normal body weight at 5, 7 and 10 years of age, had significantly less caries than children who had normal body weight from 4 to 10 years of age. Conclusions: Overweight and caries prevalence are significantly associated in Swedish children. However, the association is weak. Nevertheless, the concept that child dental services and child welfare services can benefit from joint programs is supported.
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| 39. |
- Glendor, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Direct and indirect costs of dental trauma in Sweden : a 2-year prospective study of children and adolescents
- 2001
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 29:2, s. 150-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study total costs, including direct costs (health care service, loss of personal property, medicine and transport) and indirect costs (loss of production or leisure) of dental trauma to children and adolescents with special reference to predictors. METHODS: The study was based on a random sample of 192 children and adolescents with a dental trauma reported to an insurance company and prospectively followed up by telephone interviews over a period of 2 years. RESULTS: On average, health care service costs represented 2,955 SEK (SD=3,818) and total costs 4,569 SEK (SD=3,053) for dental trauma to permanent teeth, and 837 SEK (SD=898) and 1,746 SEK (SD=1,183) for trauma to primary teeth. The most extensive type of indirect cost was loss of production or leisure, which averaged 1,286 SEK (SD=1,830) for injuries to permanent teeth and 699 SEK (SD=1,239) for injuries to primary teeth. Multiple regression analysis of demographic and dental injury variables showed that complicated trauma was of special importance to costs for permanent and primary teeth injuries. The average relative increase in total costs to patients and companions for complicated injury to permanent teeth was 140% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66-248%) for patients and 132% (95% CI, 54-249%) for companions. Lack of access to a dental clinic near the place of residence could increase the average total costs of injuries to permanent teeth by 91% for companions (95% CI, 20-204%) and for primary teeth by 134% (95% CI, 38-296%). CONCLUSIONS: Dental traumas result in both direct and indirect costs, with a predominance of direct costs. The direct costs primarily depend on degree of severity, while indirect costs are mostly due to compromised access to health care service. Traumas to permanent teeth are especially costly and, due to additional maintenance, the care may continue for several years. This study has drawn attention to the significant implications of dental trauma to patient and companion, a new area where further studies are warranted.
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| 40. |
- Gormley, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Subtypes of early childhood caries predict future caries experience
- 2023
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 51:5, s. 966-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To test whether postulated subtypes of early childhood caries (ECC) are predictive of subsequent caries experience in a population-based cohort of Swedish children.Methods: The study included children aged between 3 and 5 years at study entry with dental records available for at least 5 years of follow-up. Dental record data were retrieved from the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontal disease (SKaPa) for the initial and follow-up visits. Participants who had ECC at study entry were assigned to one of five ECC subtypes (termed classes 1-5) using latent class modelling of tooth surface-level caries experience. Subsequent experience of caries was assessed using the decayed, missing and filled surfaces indices (dmfs/DMFS) at follow-up visits, and compared between ECC subtypes using logistic and negative binomial regression modelling.Results: The study included 128 355 children who had 3 or more dental visits spanning at least 5 years post-baseline. Of these children, 31 919 had caries at the initial visit. Baseline ECC subtype was associated with differences in subsequent disease experience. As an example, 83% of children who had a severe form of ECC at age 5 went on to have caries in the permanent dentition by the end of the study, compared to 51% of children who were caries-free at age 5 (adjusted odds ratio of 4.9 for new disease at their third follow-up).Conclusion: ECC subtypes assigned at a baseline visit are associated with differences in subsequent caries experience in both primary and permanent teeth. This suggests that the development and future validation of an ECC classification can be used in addition to current prediction tools to help identify children at high risk of developing new caries lesions throughout childhood and adolescence.
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| 41. |
- Gülcan, Ferda, et al.
(författare)
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Social predictors of less frequent dental attendance over time among older people : population-averaged and person-specific estimates
- 2016
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 44:3, s. 263-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Longitudinal studies considering social disparities in the utilization of dental services are scarce. Repeated measures should be accounted for by the use of appropriate statistical methods. The purpose of this study was first to describe the patterns of less frequent dental attendance (less than once a year) over time from the age of 65-70 in Norwegian and Swedish 1942 cohorts. Second, this study estimated the influence of predisposing, enabling and need-related social predictors using marginal model with robust variance estimators and random intercept model, RIM, to account for the clustered structure of the repeated observations. Third, the study aimed to compare the estimates of associations between social predictors and less frequent dental attendance derived from marginal and random intercept models.Methods: In 2007 and 2012, all residents born in 1942 in selected counties of Norway and Sweden were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. In Norway, the response rate was 58.0% (n = 4211) in 2007 and 54.5% (n = 3733) in 2012 with a follow-up rate of 70%. The corresponding figures in Sweden were 73.1% (n = 6078) and 72.2% (n = 5697), with a follow-up rate of 80%. Marginal and random intercept models were fitted for population-averaged and person-specific estimates. Design effects were calculated by comparing the results from ordinary logistic regression analyses and the marginal model with robust variance estimators. The proportion of the total variation due to differences between persons was reported using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results: Less frequent dental attendance declined from 14.5% to 12.2% in Norway and from 13.6% to 12.9% in Sweden. According to marginal and random intercept models, time-invariant (gender, country of birth, education) and time-variant social predictors (working status, social network, marital status, smoking and perceived health) contributed to less frequent dental attendance. A likelihood ratio test confirmed that adjustment for clustered observations was appropriate. The ICC was 0.90 in Norway and 0.85 in Sweden.Conclusions: The prevalence of less frequent dental attendance was low and dropped by increasing age from 65 to 70 years. Both at population and at person-specific levels, being advantaged on social aspects protects against less frequent dental attendance after 65 years of age in the Norwegian and Swedish cohorts investigated.
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| 42. |
- Gustafsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Child dental fear as measured with the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule : the impact of referral status and type of informant (child versus parent)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 38:3, s. 256-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The first aim of this methodological study was to investigate the agreement between self-ratings of Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS). The second aim was to explore using differentiated cut-off scores, and to compare these cut-off scores with those commonly used. Methods: Three different data collections included study groups (n = 497) of children and adolescents who had been referred to specialized pediatric dentistry clinics, and reference groups (n = 499) of dental patients and children rating the analyses were limited to the Ostergotland sample (n = 210 + 228). Patients and their accompanying parents (mainly mothers) were asked to fill in the CFSS-DS independently. Cut-off scores on the CFSS-DS scale were determined using receiver-operating characteristic analysis; patient-parent agreement was illustrated with Bland-Altman plots. Results: The patient-parent agreement was modest, particularly among those who were referred because of dental behaviour management problems (DBMP). Cut-off scores differentiated by age and gender, suggested by exploration according to two different methods, were with few exceptions clearly below the standard cut-off score. Conlusion: The validity of parental ratings of their children dental fear should be questioned, particularly in high-fear populations. Self-ratings should, as far as possible, be used to complement parental ratings. One consequence of using the standard cut-off score is the risk of overlooking some patients needs for special attention. Further research is needed to establish and validate age-and gender-differentiated cut-off scores on the CFSS-DS.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Hakeberg, Magnus, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of dental anxiety in an adult population in a major urban area in Sweden.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 20:2, s. 97-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of the study were to describe the level of dental anxiety in a representative sample of an adult population, to evaluate different demographic variables in relation to dental anxiety, and to compare two measurement scales of dental anxiety. A random sample of residents (n = 830) of the city of Gothenburg (population 432,000) was selected for a telephone survey. The survey comprised different questions concerning demographic variables, dental care habits, and the level of dental anxiety. The methods of measurement of dental anxiety were a 10-point dental Fear Scale (FS) and the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). A total of 620 interviews were completed giving a response rate of 74.7%. 41.4% of the respondents were males, 58.6% females. Females were significantly more likely to report a high dental anxiety compared with males. The prevalence of high dental anxiety in the sample as measured by the FS and DAS was 6.7% and 5.4% respectively. The correlation between the FS and DAS was 0.81. The distribution of high dental anxiety and age showed a clearly and significantly higher portion of dental anxiety in the age group 20-39 yr compared to both younger and older groups. The effect of dental anxiety on regularity of dental visits revealed a significant difference as measured by the FS. No significant correlation was found between dental anxiety and educational level or income. A majority of the respondents (82-95%) expressed a desire for establishment of a special dental fear treatment clinic without need for referral.
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| 46. |
- Haworth, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Tooth loss is a complex measure of oral disease : determinants and methodological considerations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 46:6, s. 555-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Counts of missing teeth or measures of incident tooth loss are gaining attention as a simple way to measure dental status in large population studies. We explore the meaning of these metrics and how missing teeth might influence other measures of dental status.METHODS: An observational study was performed in 2 contrasting adult populations. In total, 62 522 adult participants were available with clinically assessed caries and periodontal indices from the Swedish arm of the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints Study (GLIDE) and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in the Republic of Korea. Longitudinal measures of tooth loss were available for 28 244 participants in GLIDE with median follow-up of 10.6 years.RESULTS: In longitudinal analysis, hazard for tooth loss was associated with baseline dental status (previous tooth loss, periodontal status and caries status) and socio-demographic variables (age, smoking status and highest educational level). Analysis of cross-sectional data suggested that indices of caries exposure were not independent of periodontal status. The strength and direction of association varied between groups, even for measures specifically intended to avoid measuring tooth loss. Individuals with impaired periodontal health (community periodontal index [CPI] 3 or higher in any sextant) had higher standardized decayed and filled surfaces (DFS; number of DFS divided by total number of tooth surfaces) in GLIDE (incidence risk ratio [IRR] 1.05 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.07], but lower standardized DFS in KNHANES (IRR: 0.95 [0.92, 0.98]) than individuals with better periodontal health (CPI <3 in all sextants).CONCLUSIONS: Incident tooth loss is a complex measure of dental disease, with multiple determinants. The relative importance of dental caries and periodontal disease as drivers of tooth loss differs between age groups. Measures of dental caries exposure are associated with periodontal status in the studied populations, and these associations can be population-specific. Consideration of the study-specific properties of these metrics may be required for valid inference in large population studies.
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| 47. |
- Helgason, AR, et al.
(författare)
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Tobacco prevention in Swedish dental care
- 2003
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 31:5, s. 378-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
- Hintao, J, et al.
(författare)
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Root surface and coronal caries in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 35:4, s. 302-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on coronal and root surface caries and to investigate some factors suspected of being related to or interacting with DM, that may be associated with coronal and root surface caries. METHODS: A stratified cross-sectional study was conducted in 105 type 2 diabetic patients and 103 non-diabetic subjects of the same age and gender. Coronal and root surface caries, exposed root surfaces, periodontal status, stimulated salivary functions, oral hygiene status, oral health behaviors, and counts of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were measured. RESULTS: Type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects had a higher prevalence of root surface caries (40.0% versus 18.5%; P = 0.001), a higher number of decayed/filled root surfaces (1.2 +/- 0.2 versus 0.5 +/- 0.1; P < 0.01) and a higher percentage of generalized periodontitis (98.1% versus 87.4%; P < 0.01); but the prevalence and decayed/filled surface of coronal caries was not significantly different (83.8% versus 72.8% and 8.0 +/- 9.4 versus 6.3 +/- 7.5 respectively). The factors associated with root surface caries included type 2 DM, a low saliva buffer capacity, more missing teeth, and existing coronal caries; whereas wearing removable dentures, more missing teeth, a high number of lactobacilli, and a low saliva buffer capacity were associated with coronal caries. CONCLUSION: Type 2 DM is a significant risk factor for root surface, but not for coronal caries. Periodontal disease should be treated early in type 2 diabetic subjects to reduce the risk of subsequent root surface caries.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Hogenius, S, et al.
(författare)
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Demographical, odontological, and psychological variables in individuals referred for osseointegrated dental implants.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - 0301-5661. ; 20:4, s. 224-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Edentulism and/or the wearing of a removable denture always requires adaptation, not only on a functional, but also on an emotional, level. Four hundred and seventy-three patients referred for treatment with osseointegrated implants due to problems with removable prostheses entered the study and 315 (66.6%) completed it. The average age was close to 60 yr, and the majority of patients were women. The average time of edentulousness was 14.3 yr. Twelve percent experienced profound negative effects from wearing dentures, this to an extent that it led to overt psychological and social effects. Subjective ratings revealed that functional and/or intra-personal effects were of higher significance than social consequences. The group was found to be more depressed than average as well as having an external health locus of control orientation.
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