| 1. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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The match between everyday technology in public space and the ability of working-age people with acquired brain injury to use it
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Stockholm : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:1, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction In today's society, the access to and use of everyday technology, such as cell phones and internet-based services, can be claimed as a condition for participation in many tasks in everyday life. This study aims to determine and compare levels of perceived access to and difficulties in the use of common everyday technologies in public space, among people with acquired brain injury compared with controls. Methods The perceived access to and difficulty in the use of 14 everyday technologies were investigated in a sample with acquired brain injury (n = 59; returned to work, n = 28; not returned to work, n = 31) and matched controls (n = 52) using the everyday technology use questionnaire. Findings Perceived access to the everyday technologies was generally high. The potential to use each of the everyday technologies independently or with minor difficulties significantly differed between controls and persons with acquired brain injury in eight of the 14 everyday technologies. In particular, difficulties were found among those persons with acquired brain injury who had not returned to work. Conclusion People with acquired brain injury perceive that they have access to everyday technologies commonly used in public space, but the everyday technology difficulty is not always satisfactorily matched to their ability to use it. To enable participation in society, it is important to consider both the accessibility and usability of everyday technology.
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| 2. |
- Adolfsson, Margareta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Code sets for everyday life situations of children aged 0-6: Sleeping, Mealtimes and Play - a study based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : The College of Occupational Therapists Ltd.. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 76:3, s. 127-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The complexity of the Child and Youth version of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the ICF-CY, is a challenge for occupational therapists and other professionals in clinical work. Code sets including only essential categories help to make it more user-friendly. Thus far, code sets have been developed to reflect functioning for children in different developmental periods. However, there are no code sets that support screening of participation in everyday life situations and can be used across diagnoses. This exploratory study is the first attempt to develop code sets for preschoolers’ (age 0-6 years) everyday life situations.Method: Using sequential Delphi processes with expert panels consisting of 35 professionals in five interdisciplinary early intervention teams and six parents of children, the study identified content in three code sets: Sleeping, Mealtimes and Play.Results: A limited number of relevant categories were identified for three code sets: Sleeping (12), Mealtimes (21) and Play (30). Findings suggested a professional focus on Environmental factors compared with a parental focus on Body functions.Conclusion: It is important to consider the opinions of all involved when developing code sets to provide a common framework for screening of children’s everyday functioning.
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| 3. |
- Alenljung, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Struggling with everyday life after mild stroke with cognitive impairments - The experiences of working age women
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:4, s. 227-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The aim of this study was to explore how women of working age who have had a mild stroke resulting in cognitive impairment experience and manage their everyday lives. Method Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 10 women of working age who had sustained cognitive impairment after a mild stroke. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three main categories appeared: The everyday is affected by the symptoms, Living strategies, and The social environment effects and changes. Participants feel insecure about their abilities and capabilities, experience anxiety and fear in relation to work, and find it hard to live up to demands and expectations. They are required to plan their daily activities in a new way and to prioritise chores that benefit the family, rather than follow their own interests and social activities. In order to cope with everyday life, they need to allocate chores to other family members. Conclusions The constant impact of fatigue and cognitive impairments affects everyday life. The women said that they had to learn to continuously manage their limitations through their experience of everyday life, something that can be facilitated with occupational therapy.
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| 4. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence : Optimizing ADL staircase response choices
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:10, s. 646-652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Using a sum score based on a three-graded response scale for the activities of daily living staircase has previously been found to increase the statistical power compared to dichotomized responses when assessing longitudinal changes in activities of daily living. We aimed to investigate if the statistical power could be further increased by using a four-graded scale. Methods: We used data from two previous studies on community-living people to calculate sum scores based on a dichotomized (independent/dependent), a three-graded (independent/partly dependent/dependent), and a four-graded (independent without difficulty/independent with difficulty/partly dependent/dependent) response scale for the activities of daily living staircase. In total, 1818 paired observations (baseline to follow-up) from 482 people were included. Statistical power was estimated for the entire material as well as stratified by follow-up time and baseline activities of daily living using simulations. Results: The four-graded scale provided the highest statistical power, particularly for shorter follow-up times and low and high baseline activities of daily living, but had similar statistical power to the three-graded scale for longer follow-up times and medium baseline activities of daily living. Conclusion: Adding a second level to “independent” in the activities of daily living staircase improved the detection of changes over time.
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| 5. |
- Cederfeldt, Marie, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Concurrent validity of the Executive Function Performance Test in people with mild stroke
- 2011
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Ingår i: The British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 74:9, s. 443-449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Studies have shown that executive dysfunction is common in adults after stroke. Occupational therapists working in acute care assess the performance of activities of daily living; most instruments focus on personal care. However, the assessment of instrumental activities of daily living has been shown to discriminate executive dysfunction more effectively. An instrument for assessing executive dysfunction in more complex activities that is easy to handle in acute care is consequently required for clinical use. The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) was recently introduced into Sweden. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the EFPT in acute care for patients with mild stroke. Method: Twenty-three patients from an acute stroke unit were assessed with both the EFPT and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Results: The correlation between the EFPT and the AMPS assessments was highly significant (p = 0.003) and the concurrent validity was rho = 0.61. Conclusion: Since there is a risk that adult patients with mild stroke are discharged without rehabilitation, and there is a lack of a relevant instrument for occupational therapists that discriminates executive dysfunction in acute stroke care, the EFPT may be a suitable instrument to use with these patients.
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| 6. |
- Cederfeldt, Marie, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-rater reliability and face validity of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT)
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 78:9, s. 563-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupational therapists need an instrument to assess executive dysfunctions before patients are discharged from acute wards. The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) appears to be suitable, since it evaluates dysfunctions in complex activities. The aim of this study was to translate the EFPT from English into Swedish and to evaluate its properties when used with older persons with mild stroke in an acute setting. Method The study consisted of three parts: (1) a translation procedure using a forward and backward method; (2) evaluation of face validity; (3) inter-rater reliability by four raters (two pairs) who made 34 assessments in 17 older patients with mild stroke in an acute ward. Results The inter-rater reliability for the EFPT was good. The median was 88% of the percentage agreement. No occasional disagreement was found between the raters, but there was a systematic disagreement in one out of 20 items. The translation and face validity process resulted in further clarification of the semantic and cultural equivalence of the EFPT, and the manual was changed accordingly. Conclusion This study showed that inter-rater reliability was good and that the EFPT was found to be an interesting assessment, although further research is needed.
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| 7. |
- Dhas, Brightlin N., et al.
(författare)
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Translation and initial validation of the occupational balance questionnaire to Arabic—Occupational Balance Questionnaire-A
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 85:7, s. 533-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionOccupational balance (OB) is related to many health indicators, including quality of life. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11) was developed to measure OB, and to date, no Arabic translations of the questionnaire exist. The aim of the study was to describe the translation process of OBQ11 to Arabic and to evaluate its content validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent validity.MethodsOBQ11 was translated to Arabic (OBQ11-A) following standard guidelines. Content validity feedback was obtained from ten Arabic-speaking occupational therapists and in a cognitive debriefing with seven volunteers. In addition, OBQ11-A and the Family Quality of Life Survey-2006 were administered to 67 Arabic-speaking participants from a larger study about OB among parents.ResultsHigh level of agreement was found on the content of OBQ11-A from the occupational therapists. Cognitive debriefing interviews indicated that OBQ11-A was easy to understand. Cronbach?s alpha for the total OBQ11-A score was 0.864 indicating good internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis showed acceptable factor loadings for all items. The total scores showed positive statistically significant associations with Family Quality of Life Scores (r = 0.561, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOBQ11-A may prove useful for assessing OB in Arabic-speaking populations. Further research is needed to establish its reliability.
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| 8. |
- Egilson, Snaefridur, et al.
(författare)
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School participation of pupils with physical and psychosocial limitations : a comparison
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 72:4, s. 144-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several features in the school environment affect pupils with disabilities, serving as either supports or barriers to their school participation. The purpose of this study was to investigate and look for differences in the pupil-environment fit of students with physical and psychosocial limitations, using the School Setting Interview (SSI). The SSI is a client-centred instrument, which focuses on school activities where adjustments need to be made to accommodate pupils with disabilities and to enable their participation. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to compare the fit of the two groups and their school environment. The results reveal that, in order to participate actively, both groups of pupils required adjustments to many school settings. Pupils with physical limitations frequently need adjustments, but their needs were met by the schools to a more satisfactory extent than were the needs of pupils with psychosocial limitations. The findings support the usability of the SSI for pupils with various types of limitations. They also stress the importance of eliciting the perspectives of the pupils themselves in order to facilitate the planning and implementation of client-centred occupational therapy interventions in school.
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| 9. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes of the Active in My Home (AiMH) intervention for people with psychiatric disabilities in supported housing : A longitudinal pilot and feasibility study
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 83:1, s. 6-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Facilitating occupational engagement in residents with psychiatric disabilities living in supported housing is important, because meaningful occupation is closely related to wellbeing. The aim was to explore whether residents taking part in the intervention Active in My Home (AiMH) made any changes in activity and recovery from baseline to completed AiMH; whether satisfaction with AiMH was related to any changes; and if changes between baseline and completed AiMH were stable at follow-up. Method AiMH consists of eight sessions for residents and includes workshops for staff. This no-control study involved seven supported housing units and 29 residents who took part in data collection at the start and completion of AiMH and at follow-up after 6-9 months. Outcomes concerned occupational engagement, the unit's provision of meaningful activity, personal recovery, psychosocial functioning and symptom severity. Findings Improvements occurred in the AiMH participants' occupational engagement (Z = -2.63, p = 0.008) and personal recovery (Z = -1.98, p = 0.048) from start to completion of AiMH. The improvement on occupational engagement was stable at follow-up (Z = -3.01, p = 0.005), when also psychosocial functioning (Z = -2.39, p = 0.017) and psychiatric symptoms (Z = -2.42, p = 0.016) had improved. Conclusion This study could not show whether the improvements were due to AiMH or other factors. The findings are still promising, however, and encourage further development and testing of AiMH.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Farr, W., et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic potential and ownership of commercially available consoles in children with cerebral palsy
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 80:2, s. 108-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:We conducted a survey amongst families of children with cerebral palsy to ascertain the ownership and therapeutic use and potential of commercial games consoles to improve motor function.Method:Three hundred families in South East England were identified through clinical records, and were requested to complete an anonymised questionnaire.Results: A total of 61 families (20% response) returned a completed questionnaire with 41 (68%) identified males and 19 (32%) identified females with cerebral palsy, with a mean age of 11 years 5 months (SD 3Y 7M). The large majority of families, 59 (97%), owned a commercial console and the child used this for 50-300 minutes a week. Returns by severity of motor impairment were: Gross Motor Function Classification System I (22%), II (32%), III (13%), IV (15%), V (18%). Consoles were used regularly for play across all Gross Motor Function Classification System categories.Conclusion: The potential of games consoles, as home-based virtual reality therapy, in improving the motor function of children with cerebral palsy should be appropriately tested in a randomised controlled trial. Wide ownership, and the relative ease with which children engage in the use of commercially-based virtual reality therapy systems, suggests potential as a means of augmenting therapy protocols, taking advantage of interest and participation patterns of families.
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| 12. |
- Fischl, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of older adults’ performance in digital technology-mediated occupations and management of digital technology
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:6, s. 376-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Supporting older adults’ digital engagement requires an understanding of how occupational performance and technology use are related, as well as having a range of methods that can assist occupational therapists while observing occupational performance and management of technology. The study objectives were to investigate how older adults’ ability to perform digital technology-mediated occupations and ability to manage digital technology could be measured and to examine the association between these two abilities.Method: Twenty-five older adults were observed performing digital technology-mediated occupations and managing digital technologies, and were scored on two instruments: the Assessment of Computer-Related Skills and the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment. FACETS was used to generate respective multifaceted Rasch measurement models for scores on the instruments. The Spearman correlation test was used to investigate correlation between person ability measures from respective Rasch models of the instruments.Results: The results include item, occupation, and technology difficulty estimates, as well as person ability measures that could illustrate older adults’ ability to perform occupations and to manage technology. There is also a strong positive correlation between these abilities.Conclusion: Insight into an older person’s ability to manage technology can provide information about his or her ability to perform digital technology-mediated occupations and vice versa.
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| 13. |
- Glasdam, Stinne, et al.
(författare)
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Critical perspectives on implementation of evidence-based practice in occupational therapy – Exemplified by Lifestyle Redesign® in a Danish context
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-6006 .- 0308-0226. ; 85:3, s. 208-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionEvidence-based practice is an increasing demand in occupational therapy (OT), although multiple barriers can hinder the translation of research knowledge into practice. The article illuminates the transformation of results from a randomised controlled trial into a practice development project with future practice implementation in mind.MethodA case study was carried out, consisting of a comparison of the US randomised controlled trials (RCTs) Lifestyle Redesign® and the derived Danish practice development project.ResultsThe study showed how results from RCTs of Lifestyle Redesign® were transformed into a practice development project with intentions to implement the programme in a Danish context. The modifications of the US RCT into a practice development project in Denmark compromised the study’s scientific execution. The practice development project was used to legitimise the intervention within OT locally by testing an evidence-based intervention, without using associated scientific tools and without considering barriers and facilitators for implementing the project in clinical practice.ConclusionResearch design compromises in practice development projects may have implications for the internal and external dynamics of professionalisation processes regarding OT and the recognition of OT as a scientific discipline and an autonomous profession, nationally and internationally.
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| 14. |
- Green, Dido, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical incidence of sensory integration difficulties in adults with learning disabilities and illustration of management
- 2003
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 66:10, s. 454-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project investigated the prevalence of sensory processing problems in a clinical group and also examined the clinical effectiveness of a specialised therapeutic technique, sensory integrative therapy (SIT), in the treatment of maladaptive behaviours in two adults with learning disabilities. The Sensory Integration Inventory - Revised for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities (SII-R, Reisman and Hanschu 1992) was used to identify two clients suspected of having poor sensory processing. A single-subject experimental design (ABAB) was used to assist the objective measurement of the effects of SIT. The results suggest that the SII-R has some limitations in identifying clients who would benefit from SIT. One client (Ms D) was seen to instigate more positive interactions with her environment during and following the treatment phases; however, the overhabituated behaviours of the other client (Mr K) showed little response to SIT. These results are discussed in the form of a practitioner's update, with respect to the indicators of sensory processing dysfunction and the potential therapeutic benefits of SIT as an adjunct to therapeutic interventions for individuals with learning disabilities.
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| 15. |
- Green, Dido, et al.
(författare)
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Is questionnaire-based screening part of the solution to waiting lists for children with developmental coordination disorder?
- 2005
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 68:1, s. 2-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to determine whether questionnaire-based screening could be part of the solution to a long waiting list of referrals for occupational therapy assessment by identifying the requirement for clinical assessments. The performance of two questionnaires - the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) completed by parents and the Checklist of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (C-ABC) completed by teachers - was compared with a more traditional clinical assessment for the identification of DCD in children already referred to occupational therapy. It was found that the parent report was quite reliable in the identification of DCD if no other developmental problem was present. However, there was little benefit to using the teacher report to screen children. Several confounding variables, including an unequal proportion of children with DCD in the sample and the inclusion of children who were younger than the age range of the DCDQ, may have influenced how well the questionnaires performed. Although questionnaires cannot replace a full clinical assessment, the results showed that there may be some value in including the parent report in the identification of DCD.
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| 16. |
- Günal, Ayla, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational balance and quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 85:1, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Occupational balance (OB) is an important concept in occupational therapy and is considered as an essential component of health and well-being. The aim of this study was to show differences in OB and quality of life (QoL) between mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing children. Methods: Thirty-six mothers of children with CP and 36 mothers of typically developing children participated in the study. The mothers’ OB was evaluated using the Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 (OBQ11-T), and their QoL was evaluated with the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Results: The OBQ11-T, total score, and the item ‘balance between obligatory and voluntary occupations’ score differed significantly between the groups (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in NHP’s aspects of emotional reaction, social isolation, and sleep scores between the groups (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was detected between OBQ11-T total and NHP total scores in mothers of children with CP (p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that occupational therapists should pay attention to balance between obligatory and voluntary occupations to promote occupational balance. Also, QoL in mothers of children with CP should be evaluated. Therefore, occupational therapists should implement interventions to increase them when necessary for mothers of children with CP.
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| 17. |
- Haglund, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Activity and Participation - self-assessment according to the International Classification of Functioning : a study in mental health
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : College of Occupational Therapists. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 75:9, s. 412-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of this exploratory study was to discover if a fifth qualifier in the domain of Activity and Participation in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICE) could highlight the experience of satisfaction and enjoyment in the everyday life of people with severe mental illness. It also investigated the correlation between the assessment made by an occupational therapist and nursing staff based on performance, and the assessment made by the clients themselves. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod: Twenty-nine clients with schizophrenia or other forms of psychosis participated, using a self-assessment. The performance was investigated by using the first qualifier in the ICF, domain Activity and Participation. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanFindings: The Major life area was rated with the most dissatisfaction and displeasure by the clients. Communication and General task and demands also had low ratings. Self-care was rated with the most satisfaction and enjoyment. There was a correlation between the assessments made by the occupational therapist and the nursing staff, but their assessments differed from those made by the clients. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion: The study indicates the importance of using self-assessment when understanding everyday life as presented in the ICE, and the importance of using different assessment methods to gain a broad picture of clients.
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| 18. |
- Hammond, A., et al.
(författare)
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The content validity and acceptability of the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire in musculoskeletal conditions
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 78:3, s. 144-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire is a detailed self-report measure of activity limitations. It has two parts, 10 scales of symptom severity and 14 daily activity domains, including 138 activities. It has good psychometric properties in rheumatoid arthritis. The aim was next to establish its content validity and acceptability in seven musculoskeletal conditions: ankylosing spondylitis; osteoarthritis; systemic lupus erythematosus; systemic sclerosis; chronic pain; chronic hand/upper limb musculoskeletal disorders; and primary Sjogren's syndrome. Method: Participants completed the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire in their own time, followed by a cognitive debriefing interview to identify their views of importance of including each item and Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire acceptability. Results: Six to 12 people with each condition were interviewed (n = 70): 17 men and 53 women, 57.38 (SD 12.83) years of age and with 13.15 (SD 11.02) years condition duration. Overall, all 10 scales and 138 activities were considered important to include. Most found it: had clear instructions (93%); was easy to complete (87%); included about the right amount of activities (77%); and would help an occupational therapist gain insight into the effects of the person's conditions (87%). Conclusion: The Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire has good content validity and acceptability in these seven conditions.
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| 19. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
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Changing everyday activities and technology use in mild cognitive impairment
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:2, s. 111-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Knowledge of the conditions under which older adults facing cognitive decline engage in everyday activities is of major importance for occupational therapists in designing supportive interventions. This study aimed to investigate perceived activity involvement over time and its longitudinal relationship to perceived ability to use everyday technology in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Method: Thirty-seven older adults with mild cognitive impairment at inclusion were assessed over 4 years. Overall and item-specific activity involvement were analyzed using mixed-linear-effect modeling and differential item functioning. Furthermore, overall activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use were correlated.Results: Overall activity involvement decreased significantly over time. When adjusting for declining ability in the sample, actual differential item functioning indicated descending involvement in seven of 15 activities, while eight activities were stable. All leisure activities descended. The positive correlations between activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use became stronger over time.Conclusion: Variations across activities and time-points suggest that occupational therapists should repeatedly monitor the increasingly associated aspects of activity involvement and ability to use everyday technology in persons with cognitive decline.
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| 20. |
- Holstein, Jane, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and utility of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:7, s. 422-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Global migration as well as migration to Sweden has increased during the last few decades. A self-rating instrument that measures cultural competence could support occupational therapists' professional knowledge when they encounterclients from different cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content validity and utility of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument among occupational therapists. Nineteen occupational therapists participated in four focus groups.Method: Qualitative analysis was used to evaluate content validity and utility.Results: The results revealed that all 24 items of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument were valid, even though six of the items were in need of reformulations and exemplifications. The category Interactions with clients showed that the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version could be utilised individually to raise awareness on cultural issues inpractice. The category Workplace and its organisational support showed that the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version had potential for use in different workplaces, and indicated the importance of organisational support in the development of communications and cultural competence.Conclusion: The evaluation indicated positive content validity for the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version, and that it had the potential to be utilised in the Swedish context.
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| 21. |
- Hynes, Sinéad M., et al.
(författare)
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A scoping review of online international student collaboration in occupational therapy education
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 85:9, s. 642-652
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: For occupational therapy students, international experiences and access to a global curriculum develops understanding of broad cultural and contextual determinants of health and wellbeing. International placements or study abroad opportunities are not possible for many students and many universities are developing alternative internationalisation opportunities. The aim of this review was to determine what is known from the existing literature on the use of online international student collaboration in occupational therapy curricula. Method: A scoping review design was used to search relevant literature on online international student collaboration in occupational therapy education, following a methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews. Seven databases were searched. Search included all articles published up until November 2020. Findings: The database searches yielded a total of 2011 results. Following screening and review of articles ten papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The studies were charted and discussed in the areas of format of the online interactions, reported outcomes of the online interactions, barriers and facilitators in implementation. Conclusion: Findings inform curricula designers establishing online international learning and those conducting research in this area. Outcomes indicate the breadth of student learning including culture, diversity, as well as the social determinants of occupational engagement and participation. Registration: Protocol Registered: 2020-07-06, available on Open Science Framework (OSF) at https://osf.io/wfkjy.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jakobsson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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The use of everyday technology; a comparison of older persons with cognitive impairments' self-reports and their proxies' reports
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:7, s. 446-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Older persons with cognitive impairment have often been disregarded in providing information on their own perceptions. This study explored the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies as perceived by persons with cognitive impairment in comparison with their proxies' estimates using the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Method In this cross-sectional study, persons with cognitive impairment (n = 21) and their proxies (n = 21) were interviewed on separate occasions with the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, which measures the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies. The data were analysed with t-tests, z-comparisons, and Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results At the group level, no significant differences were found between persons with cognitive impairments' perceptions and their proxies' estimates regarding the number of relevant everyday technologies or the ability to use everyday technologies. On the individual level, significant differences were found in the ability measures within four out of the 21 dyads. Conclusion The persons with cognitive impairment and their proxies verified each other's responses, providing evidence that persons with cognitive impairment should be the primary source for information about their own everyday technology use.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Johansson, Maria M., 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Maintaining health-related quality of life from 85 to 93 years of age despite decreased functional ability
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:6, s. 348-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe ‘oldest-old’ is the most rapidly growing age group in Sweden and in the western world. This group is known to be at great risk of increased functional dependency and the need for help in their daily lives. The aim of this research was to examine how the oldest-old change over time regarding health-related quality of life, cognition, depression and ability to perform activities of daily living and investigate what factors explain health-related quality of life at age 85 and 93 years.MethodsIn this study, 60 individuals from the Swedish Elderly in Linköping Screening Assessment study were followed from age 85 to 93 years. Measurements used were EQ-5D, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Mental State Examination and ability to perform activities of daily living. Nonparametric statistics and regression analyses were used.ResultsAlthough the individuals had increased mobility problems, decreased ability to manage activities of daily living, and thus had increased need of assistance, they scored their health-related quality of life at age 93 years at almost the same level as at age 85 years. No depression and low dependence in activities of daily living speaks in favour of higher health-related quality of life.ConclusionsHealth-related quality of life can be maintained during ageing despite decreased functional ability and increased need of assistance in daily life.
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| 26. |
- Jönsson, Marie, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Close relatives' perspectives of everyday activities at home for older adults repeatedly readmitted to hospital : A qualitative study
- 2024
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; :1, s. 39-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Relatives are important when older adults return home after a hospital stay. The aim of this study was to describe close relatives' perspectives of the everyday activities of older adults who are repeatedly readmitted to hospital and discharged to home.Methods: A semi-structured interview was performed to collect data from twenty relatives (aged 45-82 years). Data were analysed using a deductive qualitative content analysis based on the results of a previous study within this field.Results: The overall theme 'In need of support to manage an unpredictable everyday life' shows that the older adults often needed support in everyday activities. In the two categories 'Difficulties in dealing with an unstable day' and 'Managing an unstable day' and the 10 subcategories, close relatives described that the older adults needed support in various ways from relatives or other individuals. Close contact was important for how everyday activities worked at home and in maintaining social contacts and contact with healthcare.Conclusion: It was found that social needs, such as social contacts/activities, are just as important to assess at discharge as medical and functional needs.
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| 27. |
- Kjellberg, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Utilization of the Swedish version of the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:4, s. 228-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills, which is based on the Model of Human Occupation, is used when observing a client’s skills to communicate and interact with others while performing an occupation. The utility and psychometric status of an assessment is critical for treatment planning in occupational therapy. The aim of the current study was to examine the utility of the Swedish version of the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills from the perspective of occupational therapists working in the field of mental health, considering its clinical relevance and potential for implementation.Method Eight occupational therapists performed 116 assessments. Most of the 58 clients had affective or anxiety disorders. Descriptive and qualitative analysis were performed.Results In 76% of the assessments, the occupational therapists perceived that they had obtained a deeper knowledge of the client’s communication and interaction skills. This supports the clinical relevance of the assessment. Concerning the implementation potential and time required for using the assessment, all occupational therapists considered it reasonable.Conclusion The Swedish version of the Assessment of Communication and Interaction Skills is appropriate to use in the field of mental health for supporting occupational therapists in the treatment planning process.
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| 28. |
- Kylberg, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Leisure activities and mobility device use among very old people in Latvia and in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 80:4, s. 250-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Opportunities for leisure activities and physical mobility are important for the ageing population. Therefore, we aim to describe leisure activities outside the home among very old (over 80 years of age) users and non-users of mobility devices in two European countries. Method Survey data on mobility device use, self-rated physical mobility and leisure activities outside the home were utilised for a Latvian (n = 225) and Swedish (n = 314) sample. Differences in type and number of leisure activities were studied between the countries and for four groups of participants according to use/non-use of and level of physical mobility. Results Significant differences in type and number of leisure activities were seen between the national samples and among the participant groups. In general, each participant group in the Swedish sample reported more leisure activities than did those in the Latvian sample. Non-users with good physical mobility reported significantly more leisure activities than all other participant groups. Conclusion There are differences between the two national contexts in the type and number of leisure activities reported. To support very old people's participation in outdoor leisure activities, we need more knowledge as to how physical, institutional and sociocultural environments affect very old people's opportunities to engage in and perform such activities.
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| 29. |
- Källdalen, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Interests among older people in relation to gender, function and health-related quality of life
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : College of Occupational Therapists. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 76:2, s. 87-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractIntroduction: Older people should have opportunities to be active participants in society as aspects such as lifestyle, physical and social environment and physical and mental status have influence on active ageing. The purpose was to explore the interests pursued by 85-year-old people living in ordinary housing in relation to gender, cognition, depression and health-related quality of life. Method: A sample of 240 participants completed a postal questionnaire including the EuroQoL health-related quality of life measurement. Additional instruments used during a subsequent home visit were the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Mini Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression scale. Results: Women experienced poorer health than men, lived alone to a greater extent and used more mobility devices. Compared to men, women had a larger number of interests within household management, but no gender differences in the leisure area. Lower number of interests in active recreation was associated with lower cognitive function, poorer health-related quality of life and a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The main finding is that engaging in active recreation interests is associated with better cognition, less depression and higher health-related quality of life in these 85-year-old people and is therefore a concern of occupational therapists.
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| 30. |
- Larsson, Ellinor, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a social Internet-based intervention programme for older adults : An explorative randomized crossover study
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:10, s. 629-636
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Restraints and changes in social activities might contribute to loneliness and health decline for older adults. To reduce loneliness and support activities, social internet-based interventions are indicated to be effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a social internet-based intervention for older adults who are vulnerable to loneliness.Method: An explorative, randomised, crossover study with an AB/BA sequence was completed. The intervention was conducted over a period of three months. Thirty participants were included (24 women and six men, 61-89 years old) and allocated to two groups. Data were collected at three time points. The primary outcome was the UCLA loneliness scale, and the secondary outcomes were satisfaction with social contacts and social interaction skills. Statistical analyses were conducted with the paired t-test, Wilcoxon's signed-rank test and repeated-measures analysis of variance.Results: Loneliness was significantly decreased in both groups post intervention, and satisfaction with social contacts online significantly increased in one group. Significant treatment effects were detected for all outcomes.Conclusion: The results of the social internet-based intervention programme are promising, but further evaluations are needed
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| 31. |
- Larsson-Lund, Maria, 1967-
(författare)
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The digital society : Occupational therapists need to act proactively to meet the growing demands of digital competence
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 81:12, s. 733-735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This opinion piece discusses the importance of how occupational therapy practice, research and education responds to and acts proactively in relation to the growing requirement for digital competence placed on citizens. Digital competence will be outlined and scrutinized in relation to occupational therapy's core concerns and with regard to the role of occupational therapists and occupational justice. Changes in peoples’ occupations and occupational patterns due to digitalization will be exemplified. Finally, several questions and suggestions are posed as to how occupational therapy can build capacity and promote its role in the face of ongoing challenges.
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| 32. |
- Liedberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy students' choice of client activities: does patients' gender matter?
- 2011
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Ingår i: The British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Cot; 1999. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 74:6, s. 277-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: In order to achieve a fairer system of health care, it is important that the research and education of health professionals, as well as the organisation of health care, takes into account the gender perspective. The gender order influences women's and men's lifestyles and living conditions and, through this, their health, quality of life and daily activities. The aim of the present study was to explore the perceptions of gender in occupational therapy students in their choice of activities: do students choose activities according to traditional roles? Method: The method was a fictional case study containing 16 activities. Each student was given a copy of one of the versions of the case, Eric or Erica. The students were told to underline the three activities regarded as being of most benefit for the actual patient. Eight male and 99 female students participated. Results: The most chosen activities were cooking, visits to cafeterias and gardening, and the least chosen were spinning, laundry and computer work. The results showed that the students made choices based on traditional gender roles. Conclusion: Extended knowledge is needed about how gender is constructed in occupational therapy, and about whether gendered choices contribute to a prolonged period of treatment or rehabilitation, or the opposite.
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| 33. |
- Lindqvist, E, et al.
(författare)
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Activities people with cognitive deficits want to continue mastering - A scoping study
- 2016
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Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:7, s. 399-408
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To date, potential difficulties that people with cognitive deficits meet in everyday life are relatively well known, but in which activities mastery is desired, and why, is less researched. The aim of this study was to develop deeper knowledge about activities that people with cognitive deficits want to continue mastering in everyday life and the reasons why these activities were desired. Method In the frame of a scoping study, articles were gathered and charted. Sixteen qualitative studies were selected as meeting the aim of the study and analyzed with a descriptive-interpretative method. Findings The analysis of the studies showed that the desired activities conveyed social values or independence, supported significant roles, diminished negative influence on other people, and increased health and safety. Linkages, in the form of dependencies between the desired activities, were also identified. Conclusion When planning for interventions for facilitating everyday activities, for example with technology, it is beneficial to consider both safety and values that are more closely related to meaningfulness and wellbeing. Most difficult activities were identified as hindering outdoor activities, and targeting those activities might be most valuable for enabling active everyday lives for this group.
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| 34. |
- Lynch, Helen, et al.
(författare)
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The state of play in children's occupational therapy : A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 81:1, s. 42-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionPlay is viewed as an important occupation in childhood and consequently in children's occupational therapy. However, few studies have explored the place of play in therapy practice. This study aimed to contribute to this knowledge gap by exploring play in occupational therapy in three European countries.MethodA cross-sectional survey of occupational therapists in Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland was conducted to examine the use of play with children under 12 years old. A web-based survey was distributed to 935 occupational therapists, resulting in 338 returned surveys (36%). Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.ResultsResults were organised into three themes: (1) demographics and practice context; (2) play education and (3) use of play in practice. Respondents reported that although they valued play as an occupation, their primary focus was on play as a means to achieving other goals. Lack of education on play (research, theory and interventions) and pressures in the workplace were identified as barriers to play-centred practice.ConclusionFindings indicate that there is a mismatch between therapists valuing play as an occupation and how play is utilised in therapy practice. There is a need to strengthen education and research on play occupation to strengthen play-centred practice.
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| 35. |
- Manee, Fahad, et al.
(författare)
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The psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-6006 .- 0308-0226. ; 78:4, s. 260-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is a shortage of tools designed for use by occupational therapy practice in Arabic-speaking countries. The purpose of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the original Satisfaction with Daily Occupations tool to Arabic and assess the psychometric properties of the adapted tool. Method: A cross-cultural adaptation process was performed. Face, content, and criterion validity were examined, as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The study included 147 healthy adults and 73 patients with cerebrovascular accident. They were purposefully selected from two countries (Kuwait and Jordan). Results: The adapted tool comprised six domains and a total of 14 items. Face and content validity were established through prolonged content analysis. Criterion validity was indicated by significant differences between the healthy and the cerebrovascular accident group in all areas of the Satisfaction Daily Occupations scale (p<0.001). Satisfactory overall internal consistency (=0.77) and good test-retest reliability for the total satisfaction score for the healthy (inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.984) and the cerebrovascular accident group (inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.933) were found. Conclusions: The Satisfaction with Daily Occupations-Arabic version is a valid and reliable tool for use with Arabic-speaking occupational therapy clients. This study has several implications for occupational therapy education, practice, and research in the Arab world.
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| 36. |
- Martini, R., et al.
(författare)
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Implementing a modified cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance approach for use in a group format
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 77:4, s. 214-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance is an intervention approach that is often used with children with developmental coordination disorder, and is usually implemented using an individual intervention format. This practice analysis describes two experiences of the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance approach, modified for use in a group format: An intensive day-camp, and a weekly after-school club. The group format provided children with various opportunities (for example, helping other children and realizing that different 'plans' work for different people) and challenges (for example, maintaining both children's engagement during problem solving and heterogeneity in children's breakdowns). Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in a group format is feasible and has the potential to encourage skill acquisition for a greater number of children with developmental coordination disorder.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Nord, Catharina, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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An exploration of communication between clients and professionals in the design of home adaptations.
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : British Association of Occupational Therpists. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 72:5, s. 197-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored communications between the people involved in the design of home adaptations, including clients and carers, occupational therapists, surveyors and builders. The aims were to explore (i) what constituted good communication in this context and (ii) how communication occurred. One London borough was selected as a case study. All participants lived or worked within the borough and had been involved in the adaptation process. Nineteen individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with six clients, four occupational therapists, six grant surveyors and three builders. The findings suggest that the professionals constituted a 'community of practice' (Wenger 1998) within which communication was good. The professionals used plan drawings to support communication between them. However, the study found that client involvement in the design was limited and that plan drawings were not effective tools in communication with them. The clients relied on the occupational therapist to represent their interests in the design process. Occupational therapists' communication with clients on the design of adaptations may be enhanced by the development and use of more sophisticated visualisation tools to replace the plan drawings. This would enable clients to become more engaged in the adaptations process.
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| 39. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:12, s. 765-774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grab bars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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| 40. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; , s. 1-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grabbars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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| 41. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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The Housing Enabler instrument : Assessing threats to reliability and validity
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:1, s. 48-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Housing Enabler instrument, designed to measure housing accessibility, has not been used in samples with long-standing spinal cord injury. We aimed to investigate potential threats to the reliability and validity of the instrument when used among older adults with spinal cord injury. Method: Cross-sectional data from the Swedish Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Study (N = 123, injury levels C1–L5) were utilised. The potential effect on the reliability and content validity of the House Enabler was qualitatively considered and reviewed in an iterative evaluation procedure. To analyse the potential effect on construct validity, simulations adjusting accessibility problem scores for housing adaptations and use of mobility devices were conducted. Findings: Considerable threats to the reliability and content validity of the Housing Enabler were identified. The simulated analysis of construct validity showed a modest overall effect on the accessibility problem scores, although this was substantial in some individuals. Conclusion: Data collection and analyses of housing accessibility with the Housing Enabler in samples characterised by high frequencies of housing adaptations and/or use of mobility devices (such as powered wheelchairs) require particular attention. Further studies are needed to propose optimisation of the instrument for use in such contexts, followed by psychometric testing to maintain reliability and validity.
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| 42. |
- Nygård, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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How attention to everyday technology could contribute to modern occupational therapy : A focus group study
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:8, s. 467-474
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionEveryday technologies such as mobile phones and ticket vending machines have become increasingly indispensable, profoundly influencing daily life activities. Yet this has been given little attention in occupational therapy. The aim of this study was to explore occupational therapists' views on everyday technologies' relevance, meaning and potential applicability in practice.MethodFocus groups were undertaken with 42 occupational therapists who had been introduced to an assessment of people's ability to use everyday technologies. Data comprised eight focus groups and were analysed with a constant comparative approach.FindingsThe findings show how the participants' fields of vision expanded when they discovered new ways of using information related to their clients' everyday technology use, and new roles as therapists that would help make occupational therapy 'modern', that is, more timely and up-to-date. However, this also implied a risk of receiving information that was considered potentially unethical if the detected problems could not be dealt with.ConclusionAttending to clients as everyday technology users could give occupational therapists new expert roles, and allow clients to be seen as more complete persons. However, as this opportunity also involves priority conflicts and ethical dilemmas, the issue can inspire critical discussion about client-centred occupational therapy. © The College of Occupational Therapists Ltd.
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| 43. |
- Olofsson, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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Occupations outside the home : Experiences of people with acquired brain injury
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 80:8, s. 486-493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionUnderstanding those occupations outside the home that people with acquired brain injury find difficult, including the influencing factors, may help to develop appropriate support. The aim of this paper was to explore and describe how people with acquired brain injury experience engagement in occupations outside the home.MethodThis qualitative study included repeated semi-structured interviews with eight working-age persons with acquired brain injury, which were analysed by a constant comparison analysis.FindingsThe findings indicated that there were three influencing factors that had a critical effect on the participants’ changes in their engagement in occupations, the strategies they adopted, and the consequences for their lives. The categories reflected how the different changes in occupations outside the home were influenced by their struggles with sensory processing and fatigue, difficulties with completing preparations, and occupational risks.ConclusionThe findings indicate that to improve engagement in occupations outside the home for people with acquired brain injury, professionals need to identify the different factors that are critical for each person’s engagement. The findings also indicate the importance of considering not only occupations outside the home but also preparations required at home and recovery afterward, and how engagement outside the home is influenced by the entire occupational repertoire.
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| 44. |
- Olofsson, Alexandra, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Places visited for activities outside the home after stroke : Relationship with the severity of disability
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 83:6, s. 405-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionKnowledge about the places people visit or do not visit after stroke is lacking. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the places visited for activities outside the home of people with stroke of working age and to explore the influence of the severity of disability, fatigue, driving a car and sociodemographic characteristics on the total number of places visited for activities outside the home.MethodsAn exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted and 63 people with stroke were interviewed with instruments that covered places outside the home, severity of disability and fatigue. Data were analysed using non-parametric tests, analysis of variance and the general linear model.ResultsSignificant difference in the total number of places visited for activities outside the home were found between all three groups of severity of disability. The good recovery group visited eight places to a significantly higher extent than those with severe/moderate disability. The severity of disability and driving a car were the only aspects that significantly influenced the total number of places visited.ConclusionsPlaces for activities outside the home people with stroke visit and changes therein can add valuable knowledge about participation that can be used in the design of rehabilitation.
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| 45. |
- Parsonage-Harrison, Jackie, et al.
(författare)
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A scoping review of interventions using occupation to improve mental health or mental wellbeing in adolescent populations
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 86:3, s. 236-250
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Occupation-based interventions could help to address a growing mental health crisis among young people and adolescents. To develop new interventions and avoid research waste, a review of the academic literature is needed that systematically identifies and describes interventions designed to improve the mental health and wellbeing of 11–25 year-olds. Aim: The scoping review aims to systematically review the academic, literature to identify and describe key characteristics of intervention studies using occupation to improve adolescents’ and young people’s mental health and wellbeing, exploring the range of interventions, reviewing reporting quality and illuminating gaps for further research. Method: An iteratively developed scoping review protocol informs a systematic database search and review of the literature. Core characteristics are extracted and described, using the TIDIER guidelines and the CASP assessment tool. Results: Five occupational therapy-based interventions, and 69 other occupation-based studies representing a wide breadth of approaches, outcomes and settings were identified. Conclusions: Robust development, testing and reporting of occupation-based and occupation-focused intervention studies to promote and support mental health and wellbeing in adolescents and young people are needed. Interventions should be co-designed, developmentally appropriate and scaffold development. However, better agreement is needed about core outcomes measurement in this area.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Pereira, Eugenia, et al.
(författare)
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The participation experience of children with disabilities in Portuguese mainstream schools
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Cot. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 73:12, s. 598-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This explorative study aimed to chart the participation experiences of children with disabilities enrolled in mainstream schools.Method: The participants were 14 students with disabilities, with good communication skills, aged between 8 and 11 years and attending school in Portugal. The data were collected through open-ended interviews and analysed employing a psychological phenomenological method.Findings: The findings suggest that participation at school took three forms: equal participation, special task participation and onlooker participation. Those three forms contrasted with situations of non-participation, in which the children felt completely excluded. Each form of participation and non-participation presented different performance characteristics and was influenced by the social environment.Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insights that enhance the understanding of childrens inclusion in mainstream schools, as well as the individuals experience of participation.
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| 48. |
- Pettersson, Cecilia, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence-based interventions involving occupational therapists are needed in re-ablement for older community-living people: A systematic review
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-6006 .- 0308-0226. ; 80:5, s. 273-285
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Re-ablement services are in a period of strong development, but the terms and definitions used remain unclear, and the scientific evidence is still weak. The aim of this systematic review was to obtain an overview of the scientific literature in this evolving research area, and investigate whether there is scientific evidence for positive effects of re-ablement services for older community-living people. Method The systematic literature search was conducted in the databases CINAHL, PubMed and Svemed+(Swemed) and covered the years 2000-2014. Owing to the heterogeneity in the included studies, a narrative synthesis was performed. Results Eight original publications were found eligible and included in the systematic review. When addressed, terms and definitions varied among the papers. Effects such as less use of home care, higher likelihood to live at home, improved activities of daily living (ADL) skills, quality of life and physical health, increased physical activity and lower costs compared to conventional home care were reported. Conclusion More high-quality research is needed to strengthen the evidence-base regarding re-ablement services. The specific roles of various professional and staff groups are often insufficiently described, as are the interventions as such, and there is a lack of attention to person-centered aspects such as the meaningfulness of the specific activities.
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| 49. |
- Rustner, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Results from a cognitive group rehabilitation programme from an occupational performance perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:12, s. 734-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used for treatment planning and to evaluate the effect of a cognitive group rehabilitation programme. The aim was to identify occupational performance problems defined as important and to analyse the outcome, and to link those problems to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set for traumatic brain injury and stroke.Method: A retrospective design was used, including an analysis of COPM data recorded before and two months after the programme. COPM data from 124 clients were linked to the ICF core sets.Results: A clinically important difference of 2 COPM scores was reached in 32% of the clients for occupational performance and in 47% for satisfaction with occupational performance. A majority of the problems identified (62%) were classified within the activities and participation component in the ICF, and 38% in body functions. All occupational performance problems could be linked to the ICF; just one of the 36 categories (caring for household objects) was not found in any of the ICF core sets.Conclusion: By linking the COPM data to the core sets, occupational therapists can be confident in addressing the typical problems of the group of clients identified.
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- Ryd, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Older adults' experiences of daily life occupations as everyday technology changes
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 81:10, s. 601-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Knowledge is lacking of how technological development has affected occupational engagement and performance. Changes in the environment, for example, new technology, are likely to create changes in the dynamics of occupations and exploring this among older adults is especially important. This study aimed to explore what can drive and hinder the incorporation of everyday technology into occupations and how new technology affects occupational engagement and performance among older adults. Method A constructivist grounded theory methodology was applied. Data were collected by individual interviews with six women and five men between the ages of 67 and 92 years old. Participants also varied as regards their cognitive function and living conditions. Results The findings concerned the match between technology and the participants' perceptions of occupational purposes, needs of control and safety, and the kind of technology user they strived to be. A good match was a driving force for technology usage and satisfaction with the altered occupations and vice versa. Conclusion Occupational engagement and performance in relation to technology use can be facilitated, which is useful knowledge for stakeholders developing and implementing new technology, as well as those who encounter older adults with the needs or desire to use technology in their daily occupations.
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