| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Dahlberg, Raymond, et al.
(författare)
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From Canteen to Lunch Box : Ergonomic Demands in Distribution of Portion-Packed Hot Food
- 2003
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Ingår i: Women & health. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 37:2, s. 31-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present case-study, which is rather small in number of subjects but has a broad perspective, is part of a larger investigation designed to initiate development processes in working life in one specific region in Sweden. This study may serve as an example of ergonomic fieldwork with a gender perspective. Aim: The overall aim was to examine the physical and psychosocial working conditions among a group of female hot food distributors, and to relate these conditions to other traditionally heavy work within the same working unit, as well as to suggest improvements. Method: The study group consisted of ten female municipal employees in a provincial town. Structured interviews about the psychosocial working conditions, measurements of heart rate, ratings of self-reported perceived exertion and observations of one working day were performed. Results: The overall impression from the study was that the food distributors in several aspects had a very difficult working situation that ought to be improved. The food distributors reported high psychological demands and low decision latitude, time pressure and dissatisfaction with not being able to live up to the pensioners' and the employer's expectations. They also had a high heart rate increase during work, which may be a risk factor for impaired health. Several short-term and long-term solutions were suggested to reduce and redistribute the total work-load. Discussion: The employer has attended to some suggested short-term solutions and the follow-up study showed that the working conditions had been improved. A reduction of cardiovascular load, as well as self-rated physical exertion, was noted and the work was perceived as substantially less stressful
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| 4. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Return to Work Outcomes of the Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO) Program for Women with Stress-Related Disorders : A Comparative Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Women & health. - Philadelphia : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 51:7, s. 676-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress-related disorders are a frequent cause for sick leave, with consequences such as great distress and adverse economic effects for the affected person and substantial costs for society. Identifying effective interventions that facilitate return to work is thus important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the 16-week Redesigning Daily Occupations program as a work rehabilitation method for Swedish women with stress-related disorders. The authors of this study hypothesized that, compared to women who got Care as Usual, 12 months after completed rehabilitation a larger proportion of the Redesigning Daily Occupations women would have returned to work, and they would have less sick leave, perceive less stress, and have greater self-esteem. Forty-two women entered the Redesigning Daily Occupations intervention and a matched comparison group received Care as Usual. The data, collected between 2007 and 2010, consisted of registry information and questionnaires targeting socio-demographics, perceived stress, and self-esteem. The findings partly verified the hypotheses. A larger proportion of the Redesigning Daily Occupations women returned to work and they decreased their sick leave and increased their self-esteem more than the Care as Usual group, but the groups did not differ in stress reduction. Thus, the Redesigning Daily Occupations seems to be a promising work rehabilitation method for women with stress-related disorders. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 5. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationships of Hassles and Uplifts to Experience of Health in Working Women
- 2004
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Ingår i: Women & health. - Philadelphia, PA : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 38:4, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish women are more ill than men are, often explained by women's heavier total workload. A balanced pattern of daily occupations is believed to promote health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of aspects of the pattern of daily occupations and lifestyle factors to working mothers' health and well-being, and whether control influenced any relationships. One hundred working, cohabiting mothers took part in semi-structured interviews targeting health and well-being, control, lifestyle variables, and hassles and uplifts in the pattern of daily occupations. All variables were dichotomised according to a median cut and subjected to logistic regression analyses. Working more and having a university diploma were found to be risk factors for experiencing more hassles. Risk factors for fewer uplifts were having more than two children and fewer leisure occupations. Experiencing less control constituted a risk of low self-rated health and with an additional high level of hassles impacted on the experience of well-being. © 2003 The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Espvall, Majen, et al.
(författare)
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Legitimacy aspects of social network in a group of women with undefined musculoskeletal disorder
- 2002
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Ingår i: Women & health. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 36:4, s. 85-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was conducted to investigate legitimacy aspects of social network relations in a group of women with undefined musculoskeletal disorder. The aim was to study, from the viewpoint of the patient, the extent to which the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorder have legitimacy within the social network and how this legitimacy affects the patient's social network relations. A structural equation model was used to find the model best fitting the data arising between social support, legitimacy aspects and negative outcomes in the social network relations. The results can be summarised as indicating that illness legitimacy does affect availability of social relations and social support from friends, relatives and family. Of particular importance to this process is the patient's own perception of the legitimacy of her disorder. These results also confirmed previous findings indicating that greater attention should be paid to the impact of negative aspects of social support and its affect on patient health.
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| 7. |
- Espwall, Majen, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Legitimacy Aspects of Social Network Relations in a Group of Women with Undefined Musculoskeletal Disorder
- 2002
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 36:4, s. 85-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was conducted to investigate legitimacy aspects of social network relations in a group of women with undefined musculoskeletal disorder. The aim was to study, from the viewpoint of the patient, the extent to which the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorder have legitimacy within the social network and how this legitimacy affects the patient's social network relations. A structural equation model was used to find the model best fitting the data arising between social support, legitimacy aspects and negative outcomes in the social network relations. The results can be summarised as indicating that illness legitimacy does affect availability of social relations and social support from friends, relatives and family. Of particular importance to this process is the patient's own perception of the legitimacy of her disorder. These results also confirmed previous findings indicating that greater attention should be paid to the impact of negative aspects of social support and its affect on patient health.
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| 8. |
- Fjell, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived physical strain in paid and unpaid work and the work-home interface: the associations with musculoskeletal pain and fatigue among public employees.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Women & health. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 47:1, s. 21-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between number of working hours, the level of perceived physical strain, work-home interface and musculoskeletal pain and fatigue among women and men employed in the public sector. Cross-sectional data from 1,180 employees (86% women) in 49 public workplaces in 2002-2003 were analyzed. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as measures of the associations. The analyses showed differences as well as similarities between women and men. Overall the women reported higher levels of perceived physical strain relative to total workload. A high level of physical strain was strongly associated with musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Nevertheless, no detrimental effects were observed on health of high total working hours which indicates that a large number of total working hours might be balanced by accompanying multiple roles or many responsibilities and therefore not be generally regarded as risk factors for ill health.
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| 9. |
- Floderus, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported health in mothers : The impact of age, and socioeconomic conditions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 47:2, s. 63-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present analysis was to study health and well-being in mothers compared to women without children, and to analyze potential interactions with age and socioeconomic conditions. The study comprised 5,368 Swedish women born in 1960-1979 who were interviewed in any of the population-based Surveys of Living Conditions during the period 1996-2003. Having children at home was related to self-reported health symptoms and. long-standing illness in multiple logistic regression models. The impact of age, cohabitation status, full-time or part-time work, and income level were analyzed. While mothers were less burdened by long-standing illness, partly due to selection mechanisms (a "healthy mother effect"), they experienced worse self-rated health and more fatigue than women without children, and the odds of poor self-rated. health and fatigue increased by number of children. Conditions that strengthened the association between motherhood and impaired health were young maternal age, full-time employment, high income, and being alone. The study indicates a need for improved negotiations between parents regarding a fair share of work and family duties and extended support for lone mothers to prevent adverse health effects in women combining children and work. ne results may be useful to policy-makers and employers in developing new policies.
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| 10. |
- Hedegaard, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Gendered communicative construction of patients in consultation settings
- 2014
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 54:6, s. 513-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to explore the communication in consultations between patients and health care staff from a gender perspective. We used 23 tape-recorded consultations between patients with Atrial Fibrillation and 5 nurses and 5 physicians at cardiac outpatient clinics at 6 different hospitals in southern Sweden during autumn 2009 to explore the verbal gendered constructions of patients. Through critical discourse analysis, we revealed that the male patients tended to describe their ailments with performance-oriented statements, whereas the female patients usually used emotional-oriented statements. The staff downplayed the male patients' questions and statements, while they acknowledged concern toward the female patients. Both the patients and the staff made conclusions according to a mutual construction. Male patients were constructed as competent, and female patients as fragile through gender-stereotypical communication. Open-ended statements and questions enabled consultations to be less limited by gender stereotypes.
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| 11. |
- Janda, Carolyn, et al.
(författare)
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A symptom diary to assess severe premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- 2017
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 57:7, s. 837-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The differentiation between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) has been widely discussed. PMDD is listed as a mental disorder in the DSM-5, whereas PMS is not considered as a mental disorder in any diagnostic manual. Consequently, PMS is operationalized in different ways. Keeping a symptom diary is required to diagnose PMDD but is also recommended for PMS. The aim of our study was, therefore, to operationalize PMS and PMDD within a DSM-5-based symptom diary. We developed a symptom-intensity-score (SI-score) and an interference-score (INT-score) to evaluate the symptom diary. Ninety-eight women (aged 20-45 years) completed a symptom diary over two menstrual cycles, a retrospective screening for premenstrual symptoms, and answered additional impairment questionnaires from August 2013 to August 2015. The scores revealed moderate to good reliability (Cronbachs a = 0.83-0.96). Convergent validity was shown by significant correlations with a retrospective screening, the Pain Disability Index, and the German PMS-Impact Questionnaire. Discriminant validity was indicated by low correlations with the Big Five Inventory-10. These scores may facilitate the evaluation of prospective symptom ratings in research and clinical practice. Future research should focus on continuing to validate the scores (e.g., in an ambulatory setting).
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| 12. |
- Kaiser, Gudrun, et al.
(författare)
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Methods for coping with premenstrual change: Development and validation of the German Premenstrual Change Coping Inventory
- 2018
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 58:9, s. 1062-1079
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the premenstrual phase, psychological and physiological changes can occur, which are associated with different levels of disability. When they appear with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), different coping strategies may be used by women to deal with premenstrual changes. Currently no German measure exists for assessing premenstrual symptom-related coping strategies. Therefore, we developed the Premenstrual Change Coping Inventory (PMS-Cope). First, the 33-item questionnaire was tested with an exploratory factor analytic approach (EFA) in a sample of 150 women prospectively diagnosed with PMDD or severe Premenstrual Syndrome from August 2013 until March 2016. The EFA resulted in a 12-item scale with a two-factor structure: "seeking positive affect-inducing activities" and "seeking support"; Cronbach`s alpha of 0.73 and 0.71, respectively, demonstrated good reliability for both factors. Confirmatory factor analysis based on a second sample of 89 women conducted from May 2016 until June 2016 confirmed the two-factor structure. Additionally, a potential third factor "healthcare use behavior" was tested with an EFA. For the three-factor solution, satisfactory Cronbachs alpha values (0.70-0.72) were detected. The PMS-Cope was shown to be a valid, reliable, and economic measure. In future research, cross validations and confirmatory factor analyses with the three-factor solution should be conducted.
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| 13. |
- Khokhar, Javeria, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and determinants of anemia among resident female university students from Southern Punjab, Pakistan
- 2022
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Ingår i: Women and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 62:6, s. 488-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health and nutritional status of the women of reproductive age (WRA) is expected to be influenced with women literacy status alongside other sociodemographic indicators. However, data are scant to validate if literate young women have lower incidence of anemia prevalence. Nexus to the problem stated, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,541 female resident university students (FRUS) aged 17–35 years from a public sector university located in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Hemoglobin (Hb) led screening for anemia was performed followed by nutritional assessment and structured questionnaire-based sociodemographic and dietary assessment. The data generated were analyzed using independent t-test, Chi-square, and response surface regression models. Response rate for the prevalence of anemia in FRUS was 38 percent with mean Hb levels 10.5 g/dL. With a significant effect (p =.001) of participants’ weight on anemia prevalence, 22.45 percent of the sample population was recorded as underweight. Sociodemographic and dietary parameters analyzed suggested low daily food expenditure (x 2 = 20.59; p =.000) and reduced intake of meat (x 2 = 12.14; p =.01), beans & pulses (x 2 = 18.56; p =.001) to significantly influence rate of anemia prevalence in FRUS. The study concludes high prevalence rate of anemia among FRUS to strongly relate with students’ low monthly stipend, little daily food expenditure, and substandard dietary quality.
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| 14. |
- Kues, Johanna N., et al.
(författare)
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How to measure the impact of premenstrual symptoms? Development and validation of the German PMS-Impact Questionnaire
- 2016
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 56:7, s. 807-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With 75% of women of reproductive age affected, premenstrual symptoms are very common, ranging from emotional and cognitive to physical symptoms. Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder can lead to substantial functional interference and psychological distress comparable to that of dysthymic disorders. The assessment of this impact is required as a part of the diagnostic procedure in the DSM-5. In the absence of a specific measure, the authors developed the PMS-Impact Questionnaire. A sample of 101 women reporting severe premenstrual complaints was assessed with the twenty-two items in the questionnaire during their premenstrual phase in an ongoing intervention study at the Philipps-University Marburg from August 2013 until January 2015. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution (labeled Psychological Impact and Functional Impact) with 18 items. A Cronbachs alpha of 0.90 for Psychological Impact and of 0.90 for Functional Impact indicated good reliability. Convergent construct validity was demonstrated by moderate to high correlations with the Pain Disability Index. Low correlations with the Big Five Inventory-10 indicated good divergent validity. The PMS-Impact Questionnaire was found to be a valid, reliable, and an economic measure to assess the impact of premenstrual symptoms. In future research, cross validations and confirmatory factor analyses should be conducted.
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| 15. |
- Kues, Johanna N, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of manipulated information about premenstrual changes on the report of positive and negative premenstrual changes.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 58:1, s. 16-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although women predominantly report negative premenstrual changes, a substantial portion of women also reports positive changes. Little is known about factors related to report of positive and negative premenstrual changes. The aim of this experimental study at the Philipps-University of Marburg from January and February 2015 was to investigate the effect of manipulated information about premenstrual changes on the retrospective report of premenstrual changes. A total of 241 healthy women were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (EG) reading: (1) text focusing on negative and positive premenstrual changes (EG1 (+/-)); (2) text focusing on negative changes (EG2 (-)); or (3) control group (CG) text. At least one positive premenstrual change was reported by the majority of the participating women. The results of the MANOVA and discriminant analysis showed that, after having read the text, EG2 (-) reported more negative and fewer positive premenstrual changes in a retrospective screening compared to EG1 (+/-) and CG. No significant difference was observed between EG1 (+/-) and CG. The results show the negative influence of information focusing on negative premenstrual changes on the retrospective report of both negative and positive premenstrual changes.
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| 16. |
- Nwaru, Chioma, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of non-response in a longitudinal study of participants in the Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg project
- 2021
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Ingår i: Women and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 61:5, s. 452-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Longitudinal assessment is useful for tracking patterns of alcohol use over time. Non-response is a common feature of longitudinal design and can bias estimates of alcohol use if there exist systematic differences between respondents and non-respondents. We investigated whether alcohol use, health status, and sociodemographic characteristics were determinants of non-response in a longitudinal cohort of women in the general population. We used data from a stratified, random sample of 479 women born in 1925, 1935, 1945, 1955, 1965, and 829 women born in 1970 and 1975, who were initially selected as participants in the Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg project. Results from multivariable logistic regression revealed that problematic alcohol use, depression, poor self-rated physical health, and basic education were associated with increased odds of non-response among women born in 1925, 1935, 1945, 1955, and 1965. Among women born between 1970 and 1975, older age and being unmarried increased the odds of non-response at follow-up. Surprisingly, problematic alcohol use and poor health were not associated with non-response in these younger birth cohorts. This study finding suggests that approaches to improve future survey response rates need to consider factors of greatest relevance to birth year and age.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Gender equality in domestic work and sickness absence-a population-based study on women and men in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Women & Health. - Philadelphia : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 61:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Division of domestic work by gender has been discussed as part of the explanation why women present a higher sickness absence rate than men. This study aimed to examine the association between gender equality in domestic work and sickness absence. Data from 2,609 co-habiting women and men (aged 19-64) collected in a general population in Sweden were used. Associations between different measures of gender equality in domestic work and numbers of sick-leave days were analyzed with logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, children, and paid work. Results show that women reported lower levels of gender equality than men did. Satisfaction with division of domestic work was in the final model associated with lower odds ratio (OR) for sickness absence in men irrespective of number of days. Work-family conflicts were associated with higher ORs for sickness absence in men, 1-7 sick-leave days (OR 1.51 (CI 1.04-2.18)), and in women, 8-30 days (OR 1.51 (1.00-2.33)). More knowledge on the meaning of gender equality in domestic work in relation to sickness absence for women and men are important for future prevention activities.
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| 19. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple Social Roles, Health, and Sickness Absence-A Five-Year Follow-Up Study of Professional Women in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Women & health. - Philadelphia, PA : Taylor & Francis. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 52:4, s. 336-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyze associations between changes in social roles and physical health, mental well-being, psychiatric disorder, and long-term sickness absence over a five-year period. The study was part of a general population-based multipurpose project. Professional women from six birth cohorts born in 1935, 1945, 1955, 1965, 1970, or 1975 (N = 532) were interviewed twice. Self-rated information on physical health, mental well-being, long-term sickness absence, and changes in social roles was used. Information on psychiatric disorders was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-R and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV diagnoses. Multivariate logistic regressions were adjusted for age, socio-economic position, alcohol dependence and abuse, and health at baseline. An increase in number of social roles was associated with lower odds for poor mental well-being, odds ratio (OR) 0.4 (confidence interval [CI] 0.2 to 0.8), while a decrease was associated with higher odds for poor mental well-being, OR 4.5 (CI 1.8 to 11.0), psychiatric disorder, OR 2.6 (1.0 to 6.8), and sickness absence, OR 4.4 (1.6 to 11.7). The results indicated that an increase in number of social roles might be protective against poor mental well-being, while a decrease in number of roles might be related to increased psychiatric disorders and long-term sickness absence. More studies on long-term health implications of gender-specific experiences are needed. © 2012 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 20. |
- Sundin, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Burnout Among Foreign-Born and Native Swedish Women : A Longitudinal Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 51:7, s. 643-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors of this study addressed burnout experiences (generally defined as chronic depletion of an individual's energetic resources') over time in relation to other factors (e. g., distress, sleep difficulties, job demands, etc.) among foreign-born women and Swedish native women living in Stockholm. The study design was a longitudinal panel survey with two waves one year apart. In the first wave, 3,616 of 6,000 randomly selected women took part, and 2,300 of the initial 3,616 women also participated in the second wave; 427 were foreign-born women, and 1,873 were Swedish native women. Baseline/emerging distress, emerging sleep difficulties, worsening general social support, job demands at baseline/escalating during the assessment period, emerging unemployment, constraints in social support at work, and sustained/emerging financial strain were associated with future burnout, regardless of background. More foreign-born women than Swedish native women reported burnout, with these differences maintained at one-year follow-up. The factors related to burnout were largely the same in both groups, but smoking and cardiovascular disease were related to burnout only among foreign-born women. Younger age, job demands, and working hours were associated with burnout among Swedish native women. The authors found that the women had concurrent problems such as burnout, distress, and sleep problems, but foreign background was not independently related to burnout.
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| 21. |
- Sundin, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Burnout among foreign born and Swedish native women. A longitudinal study in Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 51:7, s. 643-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors of this study addressed burnout experiences (generally defined as chronic depletion of an individual's energetic resources') over time in relation to other factors (e. g., distress, sleep difficulties, job demands, etc.) among foreign-born women and Swedish native women living in Stockholm. The study design was a longitudinal panel survey with two waves one year apart. In the first wave, 3,616 of 6,000 randomly selected women took part, and 2,300 of the initial 3,616 women also participated in the second wave; 427 were foreign-born women, and 1,873 were Swedish native women. Baseline/emerging distress, emerging sleep difficulties, worsening general social support, job demands at baseline/escalating during the assessment period, emerging unemployment, constraints in social support at work, and sustained/emerging financial strain were associated with future burnout, regardless of background. More foreign-born women than Swedish native women reported burnout, with these differences maintained at one-year follow-up. The factors related to burnout were largely the same in both groups, but smoking and cardiovascular disease were related to burnout only among foreign-born women. Younger age, job demands, and working hours were associated with burnout among Swedish native women. The authors found that the women had concurrent problems such as burnout, distress, and sleep problems, but foreign background was not independently related to burnout.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Roles of body image-related experiential avoidance and uncommitted living in the link between body image and women’s quality of life
- 2018
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 58:1, s. 38-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study aimed to test whether the associations of body mass index, body image discrepancy, and social comparison based on physical appearance with women's psychological quality of life (QoL) would be explained by the mechanisms of body image-related experiential avoidance and patterns of uncommitted living. The sample was collected from October 2014 to March 2015 and included 737 female college students (aged between 18 and 25 years) who completed validated self-report measures. Results demonstrated that the final path model explained 43% of psychological QoL and revealed an excellent fit. Body image-related experiential avoidance had a meditational role in the association between body image discrepancy and psychological QoL. Further, the link between social comparison based on physical appearance and psychological QoL was partially mediated by body image-related experiential avoidance and uncommitted living. These findings indicate that the key mechanisms of the relationship between body image and young women's QoL were those related to maladaptive emotion regulation. It thus seems that interventions aiming to promote mental health in this population should promote acceptance of internal experiences related to physical appearance (e.g., sensations, thoughts, or emotions) and the engagement in behaviors committed to life values.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Westerståhl, Anna, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Gender in medical curricula: course organizer views of a gender-issues perspective in medicine in Sweden.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Women & health. - 0363-0242. ; 37:4, s. 35-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there is growing awareness of the importance of gender issues in medicine, with new knowledge and new perspectives intensely debated, reports on the implementation of gender issues into medical curricula are scarce. In 1996, the Medical Faculty of Göteborg University, Sweden, determined that a gender-issues perspective be included in medical education. In 1999, course organizers from preclinical and clinical departments of the faculty were interviewed to determine whether they felt that a gender-issues perspective had contributed to their scientific field and, if so, how they implemented it in their teaching. The interviews revealed varied opinions on the relevance of this perspective in medicine. These variations followed gender division rather than that of preclinicians/clinicians. Thus, female gender was overwhelming for inspiring and introducing a gender-issues perspective both scientifically and practically. Positivism is firmly established in medicine and this must be taken into consideration when introducing a more culturally- and socially-based understanding of sex/gender issues. Female gender is important in this process, but successful implementation requires thorough faculty support and participation of male colleagues and students.
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