| 1. |
- De La Hera, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
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Inferring the migratory status of woodland birds usisng ringing data: the case of a constant-effort site located in the Iberian highlands.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - : Ardeola. - 0570-7358 .- 2341-0825. ; 61:1, s. 77-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of birds is crucial for effective management and conservation of their populations. However, we still have only limited knowledge not only of the wintering destinations of many Iberian breeding migrants but also of aspects as general as the migratory behaviour of the populations of many common avian species that breed in the Iberian highlands. We used bird-ringing data to shed light on the migratory status (migratory, partially-migratory or sedentary) of the breeding populations of 13 common species occurring year-round in a woodland located on an Iberian plateau (Garaio,Araba, Spain; 574 m.a.s.l.), where ringing activities have been carried out over the last 20 years. To assess the extent to which birds breeding on this site remain in the area during winter and/or are replaced by conspecifics coming from other areas, we analysed: (1) changes in relative abundance of birds between summer and winter, (2) the frequency of sedentary individuals (birds captured both in summer and winter period in the study area) in relation to the number of individuals captured only in summer (summer visitors) or in winter (wintering birds), and (3) variation in wing length among summer, wintering and sedentary birds. Our results revealed great variation among species in the intensity of migratory behaviour, and a general arrival of foreign conspecifics during the winter for most of the species studied. Likewise, our study represents an illustrative example of how long-term ringing can be used to shed light on the migratory status of bird populations.
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| 2. |
- Correia, Edna, et al.
(författare)
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Migration strategy of white-spotted bluethroats (Luscinia svecica cyanecula and L. s. namnetum) along the eastern Atlantic route
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - : Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 60:2, s. 245-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bluethroat Luscinia svecica is a particularly interesting species for the study of the mechanisms that control migration because it comprises several recently diverged subspecies that differ in migratory distance and direction. Here we use ringing data to describe the migration strategy and winter distribution of L. s. cyanecula and L. s. namnetum along the eastern Atlantic coast of Iberia and West Africa. No differences were found in autumn migration phenology between subspecies, ages and sexes. However, in contrast to L. s. namnetum, the mean wing length of L. s. cyanecula decreased and its body mass increased during this migratory period. The subspecies also differed in migration speed and stopover behaviour, with L. s. cyanecula travelling faster and refuelling during stopovers. The potential non-stop flight range was greater in L. s. cyanecula and increased with decreasing latitude, which is probably related to the need to overcome geographical barriers to reach the wintering grounds. During winter, the birds captured in sub-Saharan Africa were almost exclusively L. s. cyanecula, whereas L. s. namnetum wintered mainly in Iberia, and the probability of capturing adults increased with decreasing latitude. L. s. cyanecula captured in Africa had longer wings than those migrating through and wintering in Iberia, indicating a leapfrog migration pattern also within L. s. cyanecula populations.
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| 3. |
- de la Hera, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
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Structural and Mechanical Differences between Original and Replaced Feathers in Blackcaps Sylvia Atricapilla
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 57:2, s. 431-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many bird species are able to replace accidentally lost feathers out of the normal moulting periods, but whether such replaced feathers are able to restore the original mechanical properties of the plumage has not been evaluated before. In this study we analysed the structure and mechanical behaviour of the original and replaced feathers of 12 blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla. Replaced feathers showed wider rachis and greater density of barbs, but were lighter, shorter and less stiff than original feathers. These results suggest that replaced feathers are not able to fully restore the original functionality of feathers.
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| 4. |
- Hermosell, Ignacio G., et al.
(författare)
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Sex determination in barn swallows Hirundo rustica by means of discriminant analysis in two European populations
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 54:1, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Differences in morphology in adult barn swallows were investigated using bone and feather measurements taken from birds from a northern (Danish) and a southern (Spanish) European population. Discriminant Function Analysis was used to help in discriminating the sex of individuals of both populations. Location: Badajoz (Spain) and Kraghede (Denmark). Methods: Two discriminant functions were obtained using biometric data from adult individuals, one for each European population. These functions were validated using external data from a sample of an Italian and Ukrainian barn swallow populations. Results: Three morphometric variables: the length of the outermost tail feathers, the length of the inner tail feathers and the length of the keel were retained in the discriminant function in the two populations studied. Overall, these functions allowed us to determine the sex of adult birds with 90.1 % and 91.9 % accuracy for the Spanish and the Danish populations, respectively External validation using a sample from the Italian population to validate Spanish discriminant function and from the Ukrainian population to validate the Danish discriminant function showed that 91 % of Italian and 86 % of Ukrainian swallows were correctly classified. Conclusions: The two discriminant functions obtained would be highly valuable in future work carried out on this species because it would allow researchers to determine the sex of individuals shortly after arrival to the breeding areas without having to wait for the beginning of courtship or incubation for reliable sexing.
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| 5. |
- Lomas Vega, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Migration Strategies of Iberian Breeding White-Rumped Swifts Apus caffer, Rufous-Tailed Scrub-Robins Cercotrichas galactotes and Bluethroats Cyanecula svecica
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ardeola (Madrid). - : Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 66:1, s. 51-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migration strategies of smaller, south European, Mediterranean birds are less well known than those of northern and central European birds. We used geolocators to map individual spatio-temporal migration schedules of three species breeding in the Iberian Peninsula: the White-rumped Swift Apus caffer, Rufous-tailed Scrub-robin Cercotrichas galactotes and Bluethroat Cyanecula svecica. The three species crossed the Sahara desert with a westward detour, to reach West African winter grounds in the Sahel (Bluethroats and Scrub-robins) or the rainforest belt (Swifts). Despite the proximity of the breeding grounds to the desert barrier, all but one individual stopped over before the desert crossing during autumn migration. After spending six months on average in sub-Saharan Africa with variable itinerancy, spring migration was faster overall and more direct than in autumn. Autumn migration was of similar duration to that found in related northern European migrants and therefore slower in southern birds. Spring migration was completed in less time than in the northern migrants (data only for Swifts and Scrub-robins). The shorter migration distance and proximity to the barrier potentially allow south European trans-Saharan migrants to migrate more slowly than northern migrants but only when less time-constrained in autumn.
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| 6. |
- Neto, Julio, et al.
(författare)
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Biometrics and sub-specific identification of white-spotted Bluethroats (Luscinia svecica cyanecula and L. s. namnetum) during autumn and winter.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 59:2, s. 309-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detailed analyses of the biometrics of white-spotted bluethroats captured in the Iberian Peninsula and sub-Saharan Africa show that previous criteria for diagnosing subspecies are inadequate. This deficiency seems to result from feather wear during the breeding period and so new criteria are proposed for the migratory and wintering periods. Foreign recoveries in Portugal indicate that the new criteria work better during these periods but, a small proportion of misidentifications are still likely to occur. As bimodality is shown by biometric traits other than wing length, further refinements should consider the use of multiple traits as well as genetic markers.
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| 7. |
- Neto, Julio, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution, phenology and condition of Aquatic Warblers Acrocephalus paludicola migrating through Portugal.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 57:1, s. 181-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that the low number of aquatic warblers Acrocephalus paludicola ringed in Portugal is explained by the low ringing effort, and that Portugal is an important country for its migration. Most of the seven sites where the species was detected are recognized for their biological importance and protected. There seemed to be a decline in the number of birds caught, particularly of juveniles, which might be associated with a decline in breeding success. All aquatic warblers were captured in August and September, showing a peak at the end of August, and adults migrated significantly earlier than juveniles. Both age classes significantly increased in body condition during the season. The potential non-stop flight range varied substantially between individuals: some birds would be able to migrate to the wintering quarters without refueling, but the low flight range of many individuals suggests that some fueling takes place in Portugal.
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| 8. |
- Perez-Tris, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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Spanish research on avian migration: historical trajectory and future perspectives.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 51:1, s. 71-89
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To value the importance of research on avian migration for the development and current status of Spanish ornithology. Results and Conclusions: Avian migration has always been an outstanding field in ornithology. This assertion is particularly true in Spain, as we illustrate here by discussing the contribution of migration research to both the scientific and historical development of Spanish ornithology. After all, the Iberian Peninsula is one of the best scenarios for the study of migration in Europe (Fig. 1), as it forms natural bridges for birds migrating between Europe and Africa and between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. As well, it is one of the main wintering grounds for European birds in the Mediterranean area. Migration ecology experienced a relatively early development in Spain, compared to other fields in ornithology. Short after the foundation of the Spanish Ornithological Society (SEO) in 1954, migration surveys often triggered pioneering attempts to build up long-term research programs (Table 1). Thus, massive ringing campaigns were among the very first scientific activities organised by SEO, and became formally regularised with the creation of the Bird Migration Centre (CMA) in 1957, one of the first successful attempts to institutionalize ornithological research in Spain. Later on, these activities acquired international relevance with the publication of their results in international meetings, and the participation of the CMA in the foundation of EURING. These facts, together with the creation of the Spanish Group of Raptor Migration (GEMRA) for monitoring the passage of soaring birds across the Strait of Gibraltar, were fundamental pieces in the training of a whole generation of Spanish ornithologists. Perhaps migration gained a prominent position relative to other fields in Spain owing to the personal interests of Francisco Bernis, who was responsible, directly or indirectly, of most of the achievements of a newly born Spanish ornithology (from the 1940's to the late 1970's). Leading the foundation of SEO, he published a profuse collection of seminal reports, monographs and handbooks, which pushed forward several fields of ornithology in Spain, but paid special attention to migration. Such interests could be motivated by a late advent of Spanish ornithological research in the international framework: the advantages of the Iberian Peninsula for the study of migration, and the still poor knowledge of the ecological processes occurring south of the scientifically leading countries (central and northern Europe), offered a good opportunity for Bernis' school to make a contribution of general relevance to the scientific community. Thus, the analysis of ringing recoveries in Spain of birds ringed in Europe, the ecological and evolutionary interpretation of wintering in the Mediterranean (Table 1), or the study of visible migration in Gibraltar (Fig. 2) were all major contributions of F. Bernis to the growth and international diffusion of Spanish ornithology. This contribution of migration studies to the maturation of Spanish ornithology is also reflected by nearly as many publications on migration in Ardeola, the Spanish ornithological journal, as there were derived from faunistic research (which traditionally dominated the contents of the journal; Fig. 3). Today, Spanish ornithology has reached a high average standard, being recognised as internationally influential. As a consequence, the research published in Ardeola seeks to broaden its potential readership (using more frequently the English language) and has become increasingly professionalized (Fig. 4). This healthiness of Spanish ornithology in general is also perceived in migration research (Fig. 4). Spanish researchers and amateurs (particularly ringers) are keen to enrol in international co-operative projects, being institutionally supported by the Spanish ringing scheme (Migratory Species Office, Ministry of Environment). As an immediate benefit, this should help us to put our knowledge on migration through and to the Iberian Peninsula in a broader ecological and geographic context. Besides, Spanish researchers are taking advantage of excellent chances to study the ecological and evolutionary implications of migration and wintering in the Mediterranean. Future research should contribute to fulfil the social demand for studies that may help us to foresee the consequences of processes such as climate change or habitat destruction, a research front that both Spanish authorities and scientists have a decisive obligation to push forward.
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| 9. |
- Pimentel, Carla, et al.
(författare)
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Response of Passerine Birds to an Irruption of a Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea Pityocampa Population with a Shifted Phenology
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 56:2, s. 189-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Response of passerine birds to an irruption of a pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa population with a shifted phenology The main purpose of the present work was to investigate if the passerine community was able to respond to it localized irruption of a temporally shifted population of the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa, the larval development of which takes place during the summer, called summer population (SP) The work wits conducted in the National Pine Forest of Leiria, a highly organised production forest, essentially consisting of maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, and located tit the central west coast of Portugal (39 degrees 50' N, 8 degrees 57' W, 30 - 50 m a.s.l.). The SP irrupted in a homogeneous area consisting of young pines Bird abundances and richness were estimated by point counts in the infested area and tit two similar non-infested areas The counts were made during all four seasons, covering all stages of the moth annual cycle and were repeated during two years The overall abundance of birds was similar tit both infested and non-infested areas However, the richness of canopy gleaners was higher in the SP area than tit a nearby non-infested area. Only two bird species responded numerically to the increased insect abundance the blackbird Turdus merula, and the great tit Pat-us major Thus the passerine community responded only to it limited degree to the irruption of the SP. Three factors might have accounted for the results. (i) the bird community consists mostly of territorial residents or short distance migrants and their low range of dispersal may decrease the probability of a response to a localized insect outbreak (it) The larvae of the pine processionary moth has urticating hairs which are considered to be an effective repellent defence against vertebrate predators, thus reducing (tic number of species that could react to the high caterpillar densities (iii) The simple vegetation structure of the forest, homogeneous stands of small Young trees, precludes the establishment of cavity nesters that constitute a large part of the canopy gleaners and most of the species which have been reported as potential T pityocampa predators However, results indicate that this important Mediterranean defoliator may have a positive effect on the canopy gleaners and on some species that are able to act as its predators.
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| 10. |
- Potti, Jaime, et al.
(författare)
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Tres décadas de crímenes y usurpaciones de nidos en la vida en los nidales del papamoscas cerrojillo ficedula hypoleuca
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ardeola. - : Ardeola. - 0570-7358. ; 68:2, s. 315-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary . Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca are known to be victims of nest killings in contexts of competition for nest boxes. However, there is only anecdotal information on their opposite role as perpetrators of nest takeovers and occasional killings of other songbirds. Over 31 years we examined whether competition with Great Tits Parus major over nest box ownership is a significant source of mortality for Pied Flycatchers and whether the increase in Pied Flycatcher populations affected the use of nest boxes by the smallest tit species, the Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus and Coal Tit Periparus ater, in two forests in the central Iberian Mountain Range. We found 31 Pied Flycatchers killed inside nest boxes. The Great Tit was the most frequent species to which the killings were attributed. Followed by Pied Flycatchers themselves and Nuthatches Sitta europaea. We confirmed the killing by Pied Flycatchers of at least two conspecific males and one incubating female Coal Tit, with one killer male identified. Large increases in population densities of flycatchers after nest box deployment in the two study areas seem to have triggered an intensification of agonistic interactions among their potential occupants, resulting in an increase of takeovers by Pied Flycatchers of nest boxes initially owned by the smallest tit species. Great Tits are not a serious threat for Pied Flycatchers breeding in the study area, most likely due to their preference for natural holes over the nest box types most frequently installed. The interactions of Pied Flycatchers with Blue and Coal Tits for the ownership of nest boxes do not seem to cause significant mortality in the species involved. However, aggressive usurpations of nest boxes by Pied Flycatchers surely have negative impacts on the reproductive success of the victims through their eviction from suitable nesting sites. - Potti, J., Camacho, C., Canal, D. & Martínez-Padilla, J. (2021). Three decades of crimes and misdemeanours in the nest box life of European Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca. Ardeola, 68: 315-333.
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