| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ahlqvist, Jan, Birger, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Osseointegrated implants in edentulous jaws: a 2-year longitudinal study.
- 1990
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 5:2, s. 155-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osseointegrated implants in 50 edentulous jaws were studied during a 2-year observation period. The implant survival rate was 89% in the maxillae and 97% in the mandibles. The marginal bone loss averaged 1.7 mm in the maxillae and 1.1 mm in the mandibles. Most of this bone loss occurred during the first year. The bone loss was greater in jaws with a preoperatively minor resorption of the alveolar ridge than in those with moderate or advanced resorption. The bone loss was also greater at the medially positioned implants than at those more posterior.
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| 3. |
- Akimoto, K, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of titanium implants placed into simulated extraction sockets : a study in dogs
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 14:3, s. 351-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gap width on bone healing around implants placed into simulated extraction socket defects of varying widths in 10 mongrel dogs. All premolars were removed and the alveolar ridges were reduced to a width of 7 mm. Nine weeks later, a total of 80 implants, 10 mm long by 3.3 mm wide, were placed into osteotomy sites prepared to 3 different diameters in the coronal half, simulating extraction sockets. Three experimental sites, with gap sizes of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.4 mm, were created; the control sites had no gap. The depth of each defect was measured at the time of implant placement. All implants were stable at the time of placement. The dogs were euthanized 12 weeks after implant placement, and blocks containing the implants and adjacent bone were submitted for histologic evaluation. Clinically, all control and test sites healed, with complete bone fill in the defect. Percentages of bone-to-implant contact were measured histologically. As the gap widened, the amount of bone-to-implant contact decreased, and the point of the highest bone-to-implant contact shifted apically. These changes were statistically significant (P < .001). No statistically significant differences in bone-to-implant contact were found between the sites when the apical 4 mm of implants were compared. Within the limits of this study, the simulated extraction socket defects healed clinically, with complete bone fill, regardless of the initial gap size. However, the width of the gap at the time of implant placement had a significant impact on the histologic percentage and the height of bone-to-implant contact.
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| 4. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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An Imbalance of the Immune System Instead of a Disease Behind Marginal Bone Loss Around Oral Implants: Position Paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 1942-4434 .- 0882-2786. ; 35:3, s. 495-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to present evidence that supports the notion that the primary reason behind marginal bone loss and implant failure is immune-based and that bacterial actions in the great majority of problematic cases are of a secondary nature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The paper is written as a narrative review. RESULTS: Evidence is presented that commercially pure titanium is not biologically inert, but instead activates the innate immune system of the body. For its function, the clinical implant is dependent on an immune/inflammatory defense against bacteria. Biologic models such as ligature studies have incorrectly assumed that the primary response causing marginal bone loss is due to bacterial action. In reality, bacterial actions are secondary to an imbalance of the innate immune system caused by the combination of titanium implants and ligatures, ie, nonself. This immunologic imbalance may lead to marginal bone resorption even in the absence of bacteria. CONCLUSION: Marginal bone loss and imminent oral implant failure cannot be properly analyzed without a clear understanding of immunologically caused tissue responses.
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| 5. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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On crestal/marginal bone loss around dental implants.
- 2012
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Ingår i: The International journal of prosthodontics. - : Quintessence Publishing co inc. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 27:4, s. 736-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Alenezi, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Local Drug and Chemical Compound Delivery on Bone Regeneration Around Dental Implants in Animal Models : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 33:1, s. e1-e18
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: One of the suggested methods for enhancing osseointegration is the local application of drug agents around implant surfaces. The aim of this review was to evaluate the methods most commonly used for local drug and chemical compound delivery to implant sites and assess their influence on osseointegration. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was undertaken in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase). The search was limited to animal experiments using endosseous implants combined with local drug delivery systems. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcome bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Results: Sixty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Calcium phosphate (CaP), bisphosphonates (BPs), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were the most commonly used chemical compounds. There were two main methods for local drug delivery at the bone-implant interface: (1) directly from an implant surface by coating or immobilizing techniques, and (2) the local application of drugs to the implant site, using carriers. There was a statistically significant increase in BIC for both local drug delivery methods (P = .02 and P < .0001, respectively) compared with the control methods. There was a statistically significant increase in BIC when CaP (P = .0001) and BMPs (P = .02) were either coating implants or were delivered to the implant site, in comparison to when drugs were not used. The difference was not significant for the use of BPs (P = .15). Conclusion: It is suggested that the use of local chemical compound delivery systems around implants could significantly improve implant osseointegration in animal models. It is a matter of debate whether these in vivo results might have some significant effect in the human clinical setting in the long term.
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| 7. |
- Antonoglou, Georgios N., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Performance of Dental Implants Following Sinus Floor Augmentation : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials with at Least 3 Years of Follow-up
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 33:3, s. E45-E65
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the survival of implants placed in augmented sinuses on a medium-to long-term basis, and identify factors affecting implant survival such as surgical technique, bone grafts, and timing of implant placement. Materials and Methods: A literature search up to July 2016 was performed to identify prospective clinical studies on sinus floor augmentation in conjunction with implant placement with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Meta-analytic methods were implemented to calculate implant survival rates and relative risks (RR) for failure and the effect of surgical technique, use of bone graft, graft type, use of membrane, mean residual bone height, and timing of implant insertion. Results: A total of 17 clinical trials (1 randomized and 16 prospective nonrandomized) were included, which pertained to 637 patients (at least 48% male) and 1,610 implants placed after sinus floor augmentation with the osteotome (transalveolar) or lateral window approach. The pooled implant survival rate at 3 to 6 years of follow-up was 97.7% (17 studies; 95% CI = 94.4% to 99.7%) with high heterogeneity. Smoking was associated with significantly worse implant survival (2 studies; RR = 4.8; 95% CI = 1.2 to 19.4; P < .05). However, evidence of influencing factors varied from very low to moderate after adopting the GRADE approach, due to risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, and small-study effects. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that implants in augmented sinuses have high survival rates, with smoking playing a potentially important negative role in their prognosis. Both indirect and direct maxillary sinus floor augmentation seem to have a low frequency of manageable complications.
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| 8. |
- Aparicio, C., et al.
(författare)
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ORIS Criteria of Success for the Zygoma-Related Rehabilitation: The (Revisited) Zygoma Success Code
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 35:2, s. 366-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zygomatic-related implant rehabilitation differs from traditional implant treatment in biomechanics, clinical procedures, outcomes, and eventual complications such as soft tissue incompetence or recession that may lead to recurrent sinus/soft tissue complications. The extreme maxillary atrophy that indicates the use of zygomatic implants prevents use of conventional criteria to describe implant success/failure. Currently, results and complications of zygomatic implants reported in the literature are inconsistent and lack a standardized systematic review. Moreover, protocols for the rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla using zygomatic implants have been in continuous evolution. The current zygomatic approach is relatively new, especially if the head of the zygomatic implant is located in an extramaxillary area with interrupted alveolar bone around its perimeter. Specific criteria to describe success/survival of zygomatic implants are necessary, both to write and to read scientific literature related to zygomatic implant-based oral rehabilitations. The aim of this article was to review the criteria of success used for traditional and zygomatic implants and to propose a revisited Zygomatic Success Code describing specific criteria to score the outcome of a rehabilitation anchored on zygomatic implants. The ORIS acronym is used to name four specific criteria to systematically describe the outcome of zygomatic implant rehabilitation: offset measurement as evaluation of prosthetic positioning; rhino-sinus status report based on a comparison of presurgical and postsurgical cone beam computed tomography in addition to a clinical questionnaire; infection permanence as evaluation of soft tissue status; and stability report, accepting as success some mobility until dis-osseointegration signs appear. Based on these criteria, the assessment of five possible conditions when evaluating zygomatic implants is possible.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Bergendal, Birgitta, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Implant failure in young children with ectodermal dysplasia : a retrospective evaluation of use and outcome of dental implant treatment in children in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - Lombard, Illinois, USA : Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 23:3, s. 520-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study surveyed dental implant treatment in children up to age 16 years in Sweden between 1985 and 2005, with special reference to young children with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) and anodontia in the lower jaw. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to Swedish specialist clinics in oral and maxillofacial surgery and prosthetic dentistry. Also, the teams who had treated children with ED were asked to submit their records for these children for a discussion on reasons for implant failure. Results: Six out of 30 specialist centers (20%) in Sweden had treated 26 children with dental implants between 1985 and 2005. Twenty-one patients had received 33 implants to replace teeth missing from nonsyndromic agenesis or trauma at ages 14 or 15 years; 2 (6.1%) of these implants were lost. Five children with ED received 14 implants at 5 to 12 years of age; 9 (64.3%) of these implants were lost before loading. Conclusions: Dental implant placement has been a rarely used treatment modality in Swedish children less than 16 years old in the last 20 years. The failure rate in children treated because of tooth agenesis was only slightly higher than that reported for adult individuals, whereas in young children with ED and anodontia in the mandible, implants seemed to present special challenges, and the failure rate was very high. The small jaw size and peroperative conditions, rather than ED per se, were thought to be the main risk factors. Centralizing implant operations in young children with ED and monitoring outcomes in implant registers are strongly advocated. Int J Oral Maxillofacial Implants 2008;23:520–524
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| 12. |
- Bergkvist, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Bone Density at Implant Sites and Its Relationship to Assessment of Bone Quality and Treatment Outcome
- 2010
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL and MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS. - : Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc. - 0882-2786. ; 25:2, s. 321-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) before implant placement, implant stability measures at implant placement, and marginal bone loss of immediately loaded implants after 1 year in situ. Materials and Methods: Consecutively recruited patients received Straumann SLActive implants loaded with fixed provisional prostheses within 24 hours. BMD was measured from computed tomographic images before implant placement. Alveolar bone quality was assessed during surgery. Implant stability-both rotational and as measured with resonance frequency analysis- and marginal bone height were assessed at implant placement and after 1 year. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to calculate correlations, and significance was considered when P andlt; .05. Results: Twenty-one patients received 137 implants (87 in maxillae and 50 in mandibles). BMD was significantly correlated with bone quality classification in both arches (P andlt; .001). Mean BMD was also significantly correlated with stability values (P andlt; .001). Mean marginal bone loss at implant surfaces differed, but not significantly, at the 1-year follow-up, regardless of BMD values (P = .086) and measured stability (rotational stability P = .34, resonance frequency analysis P = .43) at implant placement. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that computed tomographic examination can be used as a preoperative method to assess jawbone density before implant placement, since density values correlate with prevailing methods of measuring implant stability. However, in the short time perspective of 1 year, there were no differences in survival rates or changes in marginal bone level between implants placed in bone tissue of different density.
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| 13. |
- Bergkvist, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Immediately loaded implants supporting fixed prostheses in the edentulous maxilla : A preliminary clinical and radiologic report
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 20:3, s. 399-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the survival rate of immediately loaded ITI sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) solid-screw dental implants in the edentulous maxilla after 8 months of loading. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight patients (mean age 63 years) with edentulous maxillae each received 6 implants and 1 implant-supported fixed provisional prosthesis within 24 hours after surgery. After a mean healing time of 15 weeks, the patient received a definitive, screw-retained, implant-supported fixed prosthesis. A total of 168 implants were placed. Clinical parameters were registered after 1 month of loading with the implant-supported fixed prostheses as well as 8 months after implant place ment. Radiologic examinations and assessments were made at implant placement and after 8 months. Results: The mean marginal bone level at implant placement was 1.6 mm (range 0 to 5.1, SD 1.1) apical of the reference point (the implant shoulder). The mean marginal bone level at the 8-month follow-up was 3.2 mm (range 0.4 to 5.9, SD 1.1) apical of the reference point. Three implants failed during the healing period. Discussion: The improved results in the present study might be a result of the positive effect of splinting the implants immediately after placement Conclusion: ITI SLA solid-screw implants immediately loaded (ie, loaded within 24 hours of placement) and supporting fixed prostheses had successful survival rates after 8 months. The present results constitute a solid base line for future follow-up studies.
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| 14. |
- Bonfante, Estevam Augusto, et al.
(författare)
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Biomechanical testing of microblasted, acid-etched/microblasted, anodized, and discrete crystalline deposition surfaces : an experimental study in beagle dogs
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 28:1, s. 136-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Modifications in implant surface topography and chemistry may alter the early bone response at different levels. This study characterized four implant surfaces and evaluated the biomechanical fixation and histologic response at early implantation times in a canine radius model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: External-hexagon Branemark-type implants were used with four experimental surfaces: microblasted (MI), acid-etched and microblasted (AAM), anodized (A), and discrete crystalline deposition (DCD). Surface topography was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, interferometry, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The implants were placed in the central region of the radii of eight beagle dogs and remained in vivo for 10 or 30 days. The implants were torqued to interface failure, and a general linear statistical model with torque as the dependent variable and implant surface and time in vivo as independent variables was used. RESULTS: All surfaces presented were textured, and different surface chemistries were observed. No significant differences between implant surfaces were observed for torque at 10 days. However, at 30 days, the AAM surface presented significantly higher torque values compared to the DCD and A surfaces. Significantly higher torque values were observed at 30 days compared to 10 days (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Significantly different biomechanical fixation dependent on surface preparation was observed after 30 days, and all surfaces were biocompatible and osteoconductive.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Braian, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Tolerance Measurements on Internal- and External-Hexagon Implants
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 29:4, s. 846-852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To measure the horizontal machining tolerances of the interface between internal-and external-hexagon implants and analogs with corresponding components after delivery from the manufacturer. These values may be a valuable tool for evaluating increasing misfit caused by fabrication, processing, and wear. Materials and Methods: Seven implants and seven analogs with external-and internal-hexagon connections (Biomet 3i) with corresponding prefabricated gold cylinders and gold screws, prefabricated cylindric plastic cylinders, and laboratory screws were studied. One set of components from the external and internal groups was measured manually and digitally. Measurements from the test subjects were compared with identical measurements from the virtual model to obtain threshold values. The virtual model was then used to obtain optimally oriented cuts. Results: The horizontal machining tolerances for castable plastic abutments on external implants were 12 +/- 89 mu m, and for internal implants they were 86 +/- 47 mu m. Tolerance measurements on prefabricated gold abutments for external implants were 44 +/- 9 mu m, and for internal implants they were 58 +/- 28 mu m. Conclusion: The groups with metallic components showed the smallest tolerance at < 50 mu m for the external group and < 90 mu m for the internal group. The prefabricated plastic cylinder groups ranged from < 100 mu m for external and < 130 mu m for internal connection.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Chrcanovic, Bruno, et al.
(författare)
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Intake of Proton Pump Inhibitors Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Dental Implant Failure
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 32:5, s. 1097-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the association between the intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of dental implant failure. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective cohort study is based on patients consecutively treated between 1980 and 2014 with implant-supported/retained prostheses at one specialist clinic. Modern endosseous dental implants with cylindrical or conical design were included, and only complete cases were considered; ie, only those implants with information available for all variables measured were included in the regression model analysis. Zygomatic implants and implants detected in radiographies but without basic information about them in the patients' files were excluded from the study. Implant-and patient-related data were collected. Multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival analysis was used to test the association between PPI exposure (predictor variable) and risk of implant failure (outcome variable), adjusting for several potential confounders. Results: A total of 3,559 implants were placed in 999 patients, with 178 implants reported as failures. The implant failure rates were 12.0% (30/250) for PPI users and 4.5% (148/3,309) for nonusers. A total of 45 out of 178 (25.3%) failed implants were lost up to abutment connection (6 in PPI users, 39 in nonusers), with an early-to-late failure ratio of 0.34:1. The intake of PPIs was shown to have a statistically significant negative effect for implant survival rate (HR 2.811; 95% CI: 1.139 to 6.937; P = .025). Bruxism, smoking, implant length, prophylactic antibiotic regimen, and implant location were also identified as factors with a statistically significant effect on the implant survival rate. Conclusion: This study suggests that the intake of PPIs may be associated with an increased risk of dental implant failure.
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| 21. |
- Cochran, David, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparison of Tapered and Nontapered Implants in the Minipig
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 31:6, s. 1341-1347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Tapered implants are thought to result in equivalent long-term stability and marginal peri-implant bone height in comparison to cylindrical implants. The goal of this study was to compare the primary stability and osseointegration of a novel bone-level tapered-wall implant to a control bone-level cylindrical implant with exactly the same surface characteristics, in a direct side-by-side comparison in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted in 11 G.ttingen minipigs, and healing was allowed for 3 months. Six implants were placed with a 4-week surgical lag time between hemimandibles (three per side), and either immediately loaded (first implantation time point) or submerged (second implantation time point). Eight-mm-long × 4.1-mm-diameter titanium screw-type bone-level implants with tapered (two per side) and cylindrical bodies (one per side) were used (Institut Straumann); insertion torque and implant stability were measured, and the soft tissue was closed. Standardized radiographs were taken at implant placement and at sacrifice. Following a healing period of 1 month from the last surgical intervention (8 weeks total healing time for loaded implants; 4 weeks total healing time for nonloaded implants), the animals were sacrificed and mandibular blocks were harvested for nondecalcified histologic and histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS: All implants were integrated radiographically and osseointegrated histologically. Maximum insertion torque measurements and implant stability quotient values showed no significant difference between tapered and cylindrical implants. Histomorphometric analysis also resulted in comparable bone-to-implant contact values between the implant types and similarly limited marginal peri-implant bone resorption; no significant differences were observed regarding all the evaluated parameters between the groups, regardless of the loading regime. CONCLUSION: In a direct side-by-side comparison, in an intraoral minipig model, a novel bone-level tapered screw implant with an SLActive surface showed comparable clinical and histologic outcomes to a parallel-walled bone-level screw implant with an SLActive surface.
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| 22. |
- Cooper, Lyndon F., et al.
(författare)
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Immediate Provisionalization of Dental Implants Placed in Healed Alveolar Ridges and Extraction Sockets : A 5-year Prospective Evaluation
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 29:3, s. 709-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This 5-year prospective multicenter study compared implant survival and success, peri-implant health and soft tissue responses, crestal bone level stability, and complication rates following immediate loading of single OsseoSpeed implants placed in anterior maxillary healed ridges or extraction sockets. Materials and Methods: Individuals requiring anterior tooth replacement with single implants were treated and immediately provisionalized. Definitive all-ceramic crowns were placed at 12 weeks. Implant survival, bone levels, soft tissue levels, and peri-implant health were monitored for 5 years. Results: One hundred thirteen patients received implants in fresh sockets (55) and healed ridges (58). After 5 years, 45 and 49 patients remained for evaluation, respectively. During the first year, three implants failed in the extraction socket group (94.6% survival) and one implant failed in the healed ridge group (98.3% survival); this difference was not significant. No further implant failures were recorded. After 5 years, the interproximal crestal bone levels were located a mean of 0.43 +/- 0.63 mm and 0.38 +/- 0.62 mm from the reference points of implants in sockets and healed ridges (not a significant difference). In both groups, papillae increased over time and peri-implant mucosal zenith positions were stable from the time of definitive crown placement in sockets and healed ridges. Compared to flap surgery for implants in healed ridges, flapless surgery resulted in increased peri-implant mucosal tissue dimension (average, 0.78 +/- 1.34 mm vs 0.19 +/- 0.79 mm). Conclusion: After 5 years, the bone and soft tissue parameters that characterize implant success and contribute to dental implant esthetics were similar following the immediate provisionalization of implants in sockets and healed ridges. The overall tissue responses and reported implant survival support the immediate provisionalization of dental implants in situations involving healed ridges and, under ideal circumstances, extraction sockets.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Dahlin, Christer, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of new bone around titanium implants using a membrane technique: an experimental study in rabbits.
- 1989
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 4:1, s. 19-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insufficient bone volume may be a significant problem in connection with dental implants. In this study, a technique based on the principle of guided tissue regeneration was tested for its ability to generate bone tissue around titanium implants. Implants were inserted in tibiae of rabbits. To create a secluded space for osteogenesis and to prevent soft-tissue ingrowth, a porous Teflon membrane was placed around exposed parts of the implant. Where a membrane had been used, the threads of the implant were completely covered with significant amounts of new bone. This study indicates that the membrane technique is a reconstructive surgical method that may be applicable to create new bone around exposed parts of titanium implants in a clinical setting.
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| 25. |
- de Souza, R. S., et al.
(författare)
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In Vitro Analysis of the Implant-Abutment Interface Connection and Bacterial Infiltration in Two Extraoral Implant Models
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786. ; 35:1, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare the connection microgaps and the bacterial infiltration of implant-abutment interfaces of two extraoral implant models. Materials and Methods: Two implant models were used: the inner connection and the flush connection types. The implant-abutment microgaps of five sets of each extraoral implant were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Eleven additional sets of each model design were immersed in Staphylococcus aureus cultures for 24 hours, and samples were obtained from the external surface and from the implant's internal chamber to quantify the colony-forming units. Results: Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that microgaps of the flush connection were smaller compared with the inner connection (P < .0001), and that bacterial counts were higher at the inner connection compared with the flush connection (P < .0001). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this experimental study, it can be concluded that the flush connection model presented a smaller microgap and fewer bacterial colonies compared with the inner connection model.
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| 26. |
- dos Reis, H. B., et al.
(författare)
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Extraoral Implants for Anchoring Facial Prostheses: Evaluation of Success and Survival Rates in Three Anatomical Regions
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786. ; 32:2, s. 385-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the success and survival rates of extraoral implants for the fixation of facial prostheses in three anatomical regions. Materials and Methods: Subjects were consecutive patients with facial defects who underwent implant placement by the same surgeon in the orbital, nasal, and auricular regions between 2003 and 2012. After a minimum of 4 months of osseointegration, prostheses were anchored to the implants, and the patients were monitored for 11 to 111 months. Success rate, implant survival time, and occurrence of previous radiotherapy were evaluated. Rate of implant survival was estimated as a function of the anatomical region of the three groups (orbital, nasal, or auricular), and confidence intervals were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis with alpha = .05. Results: In the 68 patients' 138 fixed implants, 48 showed defects in the orbital, 9 in the nasal, and 11 in the auricular region. The success rates and survival times were 95.9% and 8.6 years for the orbital, 92.9% and 2.8 years for the nasal, and 92% and 9.0 years for the auricular region, respectively. The success rate of implants in previously irradiated regions was 90.3% for the orbital and 100% for the auricular region. None of the patients was irradiated in the nasal region. Conclusion: No significant differences in implant success or survival were observed with regard to anatomical region or previous irradiation.
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| 27. |
- Duddeck, D. U., et al.
(författare)
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Quality Assessment of Five Randomly Chosen Ceramic Oral Implant Systems: Cleanliness, Surface Topography, and Clinical Documentation
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 36:5, s. 863-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: After some initial setbacks in the 1970s, ceramic implants seem to be a promising alternative to titanium implants. Since the surface of an implant system represents the interface to surrounding biologic structures, the study focuses on cleanliness and surface topography. Clinical documentation of the corresponding systems completes the picture and allows a better evaluation of zirconia implant systems. Materials and Methods: Five different ceramic implant systems were selected randomly and purchased via blind-shopping: Z5s (Z-Systems), ZiBone (COHO), W implant (TAVDental), ceramic. implant (vitaclinical), and BioWinI/Standard Zirkon Implantat (Champions-Implants/ZV3 system). Three samples of each implant system underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and elemental analysis (EDS). Where appropriate, subsequent Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was performed to identify the chemical nature of impurities. Surface topography was evaluated, and a search for clinical trials in the PubMed database, on the websites and by written request to each dental implant manufacturer, was performed. Results: Surfaces of Champions implants (ZV3) and Z-Systems implants were relatively clean, whereas the other investigated surfaces of vitaclinical, TAV Dental, and ZiBone implants all displayed organic contaminations on their surfaces. Four of the investigated ceramic implants showed a moderately rough implant surface. Only the vitaclinical ceramic implant had minimal surface roughness. Three ceramic designs-vitaclinical, ZV3, and Z-Systems-had clinical trials documented with up to 3 years of follow-up and results varying between 82.5% and 100% survival. TAV Dental W and ZiBone implant systems lacked properly conducted clinical recording of results. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that it is technically possible to produce zirconia implants that are largely residue-free. On the other hand, the variety of significant residues found in this analysis raises concerns, as contamination may lead to undesirable biologic effects. The lack of clinical studies in peer-reviewed journals does not seem to be relevant for the approval of marketing, nor does the lack of surface cleanliness. In the authors' opinion, a critical analysis of these aspects should be included in a more stringent future analysis prior to the marketing of oral implant systems.
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| 28. |
- Ekestubbe, Annika, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Low-dose tomographic techniques for dental implant planning.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 11:5, s. 650-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image quality in preimplant computerized tomography (CT) examinations made with different radiation doses (40 to 280 mAs) and scanning modes (standard and helical axial, 15-degree angled, and frontal) and in conventional spiral tomography (Scanora) was compared. Mandibular canal and alveolar bone crest visibility was evaluated in images from mandibular jaw segments. Visibility was unaffected by radiation dose in CT examinations except in frontal scanning, where a small actual difference was statistically significant. Differences among CT scanning modes and between CT and conventional spiral tomography were highly significant. Low-dose mandibular preimplant tomography can be performed with CT using lower-than-normal radiation doses or with conventional spiral tomography.
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| 29. |
- Eliasson, Alf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year results with fixed complete-arch mandibular prostheses supported by 4 implants
- 2000
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 15:4, s. 505-510
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined whether it is possible to restore an edentulous mandible with a complete-arch fixed prosthesis retained by only 4 implants without decreasing the survival rate. One hundred nineteen patients received complete-arch mandibular prostheses retained by 4 implants. Most patients were followed for 3 years or more. All patients followed a routine protocol, including annual check-ups and regular radiographic examinations. Twenty-one patients dropped out. Radiographic measurements used the threads of the implants as a basis for comparison. No indication was found that the number of supporting implants could have influenced the observed frequency of technical and surgical complications. Three implants were lost, 2 after 1 year and 1 after 5 years. A statistically significant difference in bone loss between the mesial and distal implants was found. The number of fractured resin teeth in mandibular prostheses was higher when patients had an implant-supported prosthesis in the maxilla. The present study revealed an implant survival rate of 98.6% after 5 years. Therefore, it was concluded that there may not be a need for more than 4 implants to support a fixed mandibular prosthesis, when implants at least 10 mm long can be used.
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| 30. |
- Ellingsen, Jan Eirik, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Retention and Bone-to-Implant Contact with Fluoride-Modified Titanium Implants
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - Chicago, Ill.] : Quintessence Pub. Co.. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 19:5, s. 659-666
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a fluoride modification of the titanium surface would have an effect on bone response after implantation. Materials and Methods: Titanium-oxide–blasted titanium implants with and without fluoride modification were investigated in a rabbit tibia model. Quantitative analysis of surface roughness, biomechanical interlocking, and in vivo tissue reactions in rabbit bone at 1 and 3 months after placement were compared. Results: The fluoride-modified test implants had a slightly smoother surface (Sa: 0.91 ± 0.14 µm) than the unmodified control implants (Sa: 1.12 ± 0.24 µm). Significantly higher removal torque values (85 ± 16 Ncm vs 54 ± 12 Ncm) and shear strength between bone and implants (23 ± 9 N/mm2 vs 15 ± 5 N/mm2) were measured for the fluoride-modified implants after 3 months. The histomorphometric evaluations demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for test implants at 1 month (35% ± 14% vs 26% ± 8%) and 3 months (39% ± 11% vs 31% ± 6%) after placement. Discussion: Implant surface modification with fluoride may result in morphologic and physiochemical phenomena that are of significance for the bone response. Another possible explanation for the findings in the present study is that a surface modification changes the surface chemical structures to be more suitable for bone bonding. Conclusion: Based on the biomechanical and histomorphometric data, the fluoride-modified titanium implants demonstrated a firmer bone anchorage than the unmodified titanium implants. These implants achieved greater bone integration than unmodified titanium implants after a shorter healing time. (More than 50 references.)
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| 31. |
- Ellingsen, Jan Eirik, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved retention and bone-tolmplant contact with fluoride-modified titanium implants.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786. ; 19:5, s. 659-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a fluoride modification of the titanium surface would have an effect on bone response after implantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Titanium-oxide-blasted titanium implants with and without fluoride modification were investigated in a rabbit tibia model. Quantitative analysis of surface roughness, biomechanical interlocking, and in vivo tissue reactions in rabbit bone at 1 and 3 months after placement were compared. RESULTS: The fluoride-modified test implants had a slightly smoother surface (Sa: 0.91 +/- 0.14 microm) than the unmodified control implants (Sa: 1.12 +/- 0.24 microm). Significantly higher removal torque values (85 +/- 16 Ncm vs 54 +/- 12 Ncm) and shear strength between bone and implants (23 +/- 9 N/mm2 vs 15 +/- 5 N/mm2) were measured for the fluoride-modified implants after 3 months. The histomorphometric evaluations demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for test implants at 1 month (35% +/- 14% vs 26% +/- 8%) and 3 months (39% +/- 11% vs 31% +/- 6%) after placement. DISCUSSION: Implant surface modification with fluoride may result in morphologic and physiochemical phenomena that are of significance for the bone response. Another possible explanation for the findings in the present study is that a surface modification changes the surface chemical structures to be more suitable for bone bonding. CONCLUSION: Based on the biomechanical and histomorphometric data, the fluoride-modified titanium implants demonstrated a firmer bone anchorage than the unmodified titanium implants. These implants achieved greater bone integration than unmodified titanium implants after a shorter healing time.
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| 32. |
- Erkapers, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Patient satisfaction following dental implant treatment with immediate loading in the edentulous atrophic maxilla
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 26:2, s. 356-364
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The present study evaluated patient satisfaction using the Oral Health Impact Profile 49 (OHIP-49) questionnaire for patients who received six implants in the severely resorbed maxilla and an implant-supported prosthesis that was delivered within 24 hours after surgery. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one edentulous patients with severe atrophy in the maxilla were included in the study, which was performed at two centers. Six implants were placed in the maxilla and loaded within 24 hours with a provisional restoration. The definitive restorations were delivered 20 to 24 weeks later. Patients were asked to complete the OHIP-49 questionnaire (which includes seven domains representing functional limitation, physical pain, psychologic discomfort, physical disability, psychologic disability, social disability, and handicap) prior to implant placement and on three subsequent occasions. The data were collected and analyzed and OHIP scores were compared over time. Results: Baseline satisfaction scores for the two different centers displayed no statistically significant differences. Treatment resulted in improved total OHIP-49 scores in both centers, with no significant difference between centers. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in any of the individual pretreatment and posttreatment OHIP-49 domains between centers. All seven domains showed a statistically significant improvement posttreatment. Of the seven domains, social disability and handicap showed the least improvement and had the lowest pretreatment scores, indicating lower significance for these domains compared to the other domains during implant treatment. This study also indicated that domains one to five (functional limitation, physical pain, psychologic discomfort, physical disability, and psychologic disability) are the most important domains in patient satisfaction with implant therapy. Conclusion: Measurement with the OHIP-49 questionnaire displayed that patient satisfaction increases after treatment with a fixed restoration on implants loaded within 24 hours.
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| 33. |
- Erneklint, Christian, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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An in vitro load evaluation of a conical implant system with 2 abutment designs and 3 different retaining-screw alloys.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 21:5, s. 733-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the load resistance in a conical implant system by comparing combinations of 2 different abutment head angles and 3 different retaining screw materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retaining screw materials (titanium alloy, gold alloy, and commercially pure titanium) were tested with abutment-head angles of 20 degrees and 45 degrees. Six groups of 10 specimens each were prepared. An oblique (30-degree) compression test was performed in a Lloyd LRX universal testing machine with the abutment attached to a superstructure with a retaining screw. All specimens were loaded until fracture or permanent deformation occurred. The results were evaluated statistically with Wilcoxon signed rank test for variance distribution (P < .05 considered significant). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in load resistance between 20-degree and 45-degree abutments. The titanium screws (titanium alloy and commercially pure) in the 45-degree abutment group had almost equal mean values, while the gold alloy had a significantly lower value. In the 20-degree abutment group, significantly higher values were found with commercially pure titanium compared to titanium alloy and gold alloy, but the difference between the values for the gold and titanium alloys was not significant. DISCUSSION: The angulation of the abutment head played the most significant role in determining the amount of load withstood, but the material used for the screw was also relevant. CONCLUSION: A 45-degree abutment can be combined with a retaining screw of any of these materials to create a functional implant system. The test also substantiated that, irrespective of the retaining-screw material, a 20-degree abutment could resist loading forces of at least 900 N.
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| 34. |
- Esposito, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Differential diagnosis and treatment strategies for biologic complications and failing oral implants : a review of the literature
- 1999
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 14:4, s. 473-490
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article was to review the literature on differential diagnosis and treatment of biologic complications and failing implants. All types of publications, with the exception of abstracts, published in English up to December 1998, were included. A multi-layered search strategy was used. Controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were searched in the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Specialized Register of Trials. This database contains all CCTs identified in MEDLINE and EMBASE. PubMed was searched using various key words and the "related articles" feature. All identified publications were obtained and none were excluded. Infection, impaired healing, and overload are considered the major etiologic factors for the loss of oral implants. Only a few clinical and animal investigations were found that tested the validity of the proposed therapeutic approaches. The treatment of failing implants is still based mainly on empirical considerations, often derived from periodontal research, from data extrapolated from in vitro findings, or from anecdotal case reports performed on a trial-and-error basis.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Esposito, Marco, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Vertical osseodistraction with a new intraosseous alveolar distractor prototype for dental implant rehabilitation: A pilot study in dogs
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786. ; 32:4, s. 838-848
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate in dogs a newly developed intraosseous alveolar distractor (Mozo-Grau Alveolar Distractor) for vertical bone augmentation to allow placement of dental implants. Materials and Methods: Four dogs had their posterior teeth removed, and sockets were left to heal for 20 weeks. The right and left sides of the posterior mandibles were randomly allocated, according to a split-mouth design, to receive either two distractors, distracting a 32-mm-long bone segment, or two distractors supporting one bony segment 20 mm long and one 8 mm long. Each side of the jaw was treated by a different operator. Eight days after placement, distractors were activated with one complete turn (corresponding to 0.75 mm of vertical distraction) per day for 8 days, followed by a latency period of 10 weeks. Distractors were removed, and seven dental implants of two randomly allocated designs were placed in each dog. Implants were submerged for 2 months, and the dogs were sacrificed. Outcome measures were: success of the augmentation procedure (defined as a vertical gain of at least 5 mm of bone), any complications, implant failure, bone-to-implant contact (BIC), and peri-implant marginal bone level changes. Results: One dog was withdrawn because of a mandible fracture. Eight complications occurred, and six osseodistractors were lost, but no implant failed. Only two segments in one dog achieved a vertical bone gain of at least 5 mm. The mean radiographic vertical bone gain was 2.28 mm, whereas the mean histologic vertical bone gain was 3.16 mm. Histologically, all the implants were osseointegrated. The mean BIC for implants placed in new distracted bone was 34.78% ± 11.60% and 35.66% ± 8.84% for those placed in native bone. The mean peri-implant marginal bone level loss was 0.56 ± 0.54 mm. Conclusion: It is possible to achieve vertical augmentation using intraosseous alveolar distractors to allow successful implantation of dental implants; however, the technique still requires surgical refinements and a dedicated training of the surgeons before being applied to humans. © 2017 by Quintessence Publishing Co Inc.
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| 38. |
- Friberg, Bertil, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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A new self-tapping Brånemark implant: clinical and radiographic evaluation.
- 1992
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 7:1, s. 80-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new self-tapping Brånemark implant designed for denser bone qualities was evaluated with regard to insertion technique, complications, marginal bone remodeling, and survival rate. Thirty patients, representing 21 mandibles and 9 maxillae, participated in the study. In each patient both standard and self-tapping implants were placed, and a total of 179 implants, 88 self-tapping and 91 standard, were inserted. Thirteen of 62 mandibular self-tapping implants reached their correct positions only after using the screw tap or the cylinder wrench for manual insertion. No such problems were noted when using standard fixtures after bone pre-tapping. In the maxillae, neither of the two implant designs presented any problems. One standard and one self-tapping fixture failed to osseointegrate. Radiolucencies were seen in the bone around the apical portion of two fixtures, one of each design. The mean marginal bone resorption after 1 year of follow-up was 0.5 to 0.6 mm for the two fixture types.
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| 39. |
- Friberg, Bertil, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical outcome of Brånemark System implants of various diameters: a retrospective study.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 17:5, s. 671-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of the 3 different diameters of Brånemark System implants, with special focus on the 5.0-mm-diameter implant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight patients (99 jaws) with a mean age of 62 years were included in this retrospective report. The mean follow-up period was 2 years and 8 months. A total of 379 Brånemark System implants (3.75 mm diameter, n = 146; 4.0 mm diameter, n = 76; 5.0 mm diameter, n = 157) were placed in 29 edentulous and 70 partially edentulous jaws. RESULTS: Eight of the 146 implants in the 3.75-mm-diameter group failed (5.5%). The corresponding figures for the 4.0- and 5.0-mm-diameter implants were 3 of 76 (3.9%) and 7 of 157 (4.5%), respectively. DISCUSSION: All failures were recorded in maxillae, ie, 18 of the 298 placed, and the majority of these were found in bone quantity group B and quality group 2. Only 3 implants of 131 failed in bone judged as quality 4. The marginal bone loss was low for the 3 implant diameter groups. CONCLUSION: The favorable outcome in bone of poor quality is ascribed partly to the use of an adapted preparation technique and extended healing periods for achievement of the best primary and secondary implant stability possible.
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| 40. |
- Friberg, Bertil, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Early failures in 4,641 consecutively placed Brånemark dental implants: a study from stage 1 surgery to the connection of completed prostheses.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 6:2, s. 142-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study comprised 4,641 Brånemark dental implants, which were retrospectively followed from stage 1 surgery to completion of the prosthetic restorations. The implants were placed during a 3-year period (1986 to 1988) in 943 jaws, representing 889 patients with complete and partial edentulism. The jaw and sex distribution revealed a predominance of mandibles (564/943) and females (534/943). The mean age of the patients was 57.5 years (range 13 to 88 years) at implant placement. Only 69 (1.5%) fixtures failed to integrate, and most losses were seen in completely edentulous maxillae (46/69), in which the jaw bone exhibited soft quality and severe resorption. A preponderance of failures could also be seen among the shortest fixtures (7 mm). A majority of the mobile implants were recorded at the abutment connection (stage 2) operation (48/69).
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| 41. |
- Gjelvold, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Esthetic and patient-centered outcomes of single implants: A retrospective study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 32:5, s. 1065-1073
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aims of this clinical study were to retrospectively evaluate implant survival, patient satisfaction, and radiographic, clinical, and esthetic outcomes following single-implant treatment. Materials and Methods: Eighty-seven patients, with a total of 126 implants (XiVE S, Dentsply Implants), who received single implant-retained crowns between 2004 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Implant survival, marginal bone levels (MBL), changes in implant/mesial tooth vertical relationship, pink esthetic score (PES), white esthetic score (WES), patient assessment of the esthetics (visual analog scale), and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) were evaluated. Results: Altogether, 59 patients with a total of 85 implants attended a final clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. The mean ages of males and females at implant placement were 19.78 and 22.58 years, respectively. The mean total follow-up time from the implant surgical date was 7.51 years. The 5-year implant clinical survival rate (CSR) was 98.4% (95% CI: 96.3%-100%), and crown CSR was 91.8% (95% CI: 86.3%-97.3%). The overall mean change in MBL was -0.19 mm. No significant differences were found between the different implant diameters (3.0, 3.4, and 3.8 mm) with regard to change in MBL. Mean increase in implant infraposition was 0.13 mm. With regard to esthetics, mean initial and final total PES were 9.61 and 11.49, respectively (P < .001). The mean WES was 6.48 at follow-up. Patients' mean assessment of soft tissue esthetics and implant-supported crown appearance were 73.5 and 82.1 (maximum score 100). At the follow-up examination, the additive OHIP-14 score was 16.11. Conclusion: This retrospective study of XiVE S implants found excellent survival rates and showed good clinical outcomes concerning patient-centered findings, esthetics, and marginal bone preservation. In context, it is important to stress that this study consisted of mostly young patients with agenesis who were treated by experienced clinicians. © 2017 by Quintessence Publishing Co Inc.
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| 42. |
- Glibert, Maarten, et al.
(författare)
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Six-Year Radiographic, Clinical, and Soft Tissue Outcomes of Immediately Loaded, Straight-Walled, Platform-Switched, Titanium-Alloy Implants with Nanosurface Topography.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 1942-4434 .- 0882-2786. ; 31:1, s. 167-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective, longitudinal study evaluated the survival, marginal bone levels, and soft tissue conditions for immediately loaded, straight-walled, platform-switched, titanium-alloy implants with an internal connection and nanosurface topography.
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| 43. |
- Grüner, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Argon Ion Beam Polishing : A Preparation Technique for Evaluating the Interface of Osseointegrated Implants with High Resolution
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 26:3, s. 547-552
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the use of ion beam polishing for preparing cross sections suitable for high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation of dental implants with a brittle porous oxide layer and of bone/implant interfaces. Materials and Methods: Thirteen Nobel Biocare TiUnite implants were placed in minipigs. After 4 weeks, the implant and surrounding bone were removed en bloc and the implant was cut axially into two halves. The cross section was then polished with an argon ion beam. Additionally, ion beam-polished cross sections were prepared from four as-received implants. Ion beam-polished surfaces were studied with a field emission SEM (FE-SEM). Results: With FE-SEM, up to 1 mm along the interface of ion beam-polished implant surfaces can be studied with a resolution of a few nanometers. Filled and unfilled pores of the porous TiUnite coating can be distinguished, providing information on pore accessibility. Implant-bone interfaces can be analyzed using backscattered electron images, where titanium, the oxide layer, mineralized extracellular matrix, and osteocyte lacunae/resin/soft tissue can easily be distinguished as a result of atomic number contrast and the sharp boundaries between the different materials. Filled and unfilled pores can be distinguished. Characterization of local chemistry is possible with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and bone growth into small pores (< 1 mu m) can be unambiguously confirmed. Conclusion: FE-SEM complements the established methods for the characterization of interfaces and bridges the wide gap in accessible length scale and resolution between the observations of mechanically polished interfaces by optical or scanning electron microscopes and the observation of focused ion beam-milled sections in a transmission electron microscope.
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| 44. |
- Hallman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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A clinical and histologic evaluation of implant integration in the posterior maxilla after sinus floor augmentation with autogenous bone, bovine hydroxyapatite, or a 20:80 mixture.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 17:5, s. 635-643
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study was designed to clinically and histologically evaluate the integration of titanium implants in different grafting materials used for maxillary sinus augmentation procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 21 patients and 36 maxillary sinuses were augmented with (1) autogenous particulated bone from the mandibular ramus, (2) bovine hydroxyapatite (BH) with membrane coverage, or (3) an 80/20 mixture of BH and autogenous bone. The grafts were allowed to heal for 6 to 9 months prior to placement of microimplants for histology and standard implants for prosthetic rehabilitation. After another 6 months of healing, when abutments were connected, the microimplants were retrieved for histologic and morphometric analyses. The outcome of the standard implants was clinically evaluated after 1 year of loading. RESULTS: The mean bone-implant contact was 34.6 +/- 9.5%, 54.3 +/- 33.1%, and 31.6 +/- 19.1% for autogenous bone, mixture of 20% autogenous bone/80% BH, and 100% BH, respectively. The corresponding values for the bone area parameter were 37.7 +/- 31.3%, 39.9 +/- 8%, and 41.7 +/- 26.6%. The BH area was found to be 12.3 +/- 8.5% and 11.8 +/- 3.6% for 20% autogenous bone/80% BH and 100% BH, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences for any parameter between any of the groups. After 1 year of loading, 6 of the 33 implants placed in autogenous bone grafts, 2 of the 35 implants placed in the BH/autogenous bone mixture, and 2 of 43 implants placed in BH were lost. There were no statistically significant differences between any of the groups. DISCUSSION: The histomorphometric analysis showed no differences between the 3 groups, indicating that autogenous bone graft can be substituted with bovine hydroxyapatite to 80% or 100% when used for maxillary sinus floor augmentation. The effect of adding autogenous bone remains unclear but may allow for a reduction of the healing time. CONCLUSION: The results from this clinical and histologic study indicate that similar short-term results can be expected when using autogenous bone, BH, or a mixture of them for maxillary sinus floor augmentation and delayed placement of dental implants.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Henry, Patric, et al.
(författare)
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Osseointegrated implants for single-tooth replacement: a prospective 5-year multicenter study.
- 1996
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 11:4, s. 450-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One hundred seven Brånemark implants were placed in 92 patients participating in an international multicenter trial on single-implant restorations at seven centers. The patients were followed for 5 years in a prospective study focusing on implant success and crown function. Plaque and gingival indexes, as well as probing depths, were recorded around teeth and implants. The marginal bone level at implants was determined from intraoral radiographs. Only three implants (2.8%) had been lost at the final annual checkup. During the follow-up period, a total of 17 patients dropped out or were excluded because of nonconformity with the protocol. Based on the remaining patients, a total of 86 implants were clinically and radiographically evaluated at the 5-year follow-up period, resulting in a cumulative success rate of 96.6% (71 implants) in the maxillae and 100% (15 implants) in the mandibles. Plaque and gingival indexes showed a similar pattern of good health around both natural teeth and titanium abutments. The marginal bone loss during the 5-year period did not exceed 1 mm as a mean for all implants analyzed. The most frequent complication recorded during the follow-up was loosening of the abutment fixation screw. The outcome of this study indicated that safe and highly predictable results can be obtained for 5 years when Brånemark implants are used to support single-tooth restorations.
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| 47. |
- Herrmann, Irene, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of patient and implant characteristics as potential prognostic factors for oral implant failures.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 20:2, s. 220-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate patient, implant, and treatment characteristics to identify possible prognostic factors for implant failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of a database with different dental implant treatment protocols, a research database of 1 randomly selected implant per patient was created. The database consisted of 487 implants. Of these, 80 were withdrawn, 36 failed, and 371 remained successful during a 5-year follow-up period. Potential risk factors were evaluated by chi-square tests and post hoc analyses. RESULTS: Significant or strongly significant differences were found regarding implant failures as a result of jawbone quality, jaw shape, implant length, treatment protocol, and combinations of jawbone-related characteristics. Responsible clinics and number of implants supporting the restoration were factors that could not be associated with implant failure. DISCUSSION: Implant failures in this study were more often seen when negative patient-related factors were present. Approximately 65% of the patients with a combination of the 2 most negative bone-related factors (jawbone quality 4 and jaw shape D or E) experienced implant failure. However, only 3% of the patients had this combination. Implant length, the only implant-related factor evaluated, was also significantly correlated with the success rate, but implant length could also be regarded as a result of the jawbone volume available. Another negative patient-related factor was the treatment protocol; however, in most cases this was also indirectly or partly related to the status of the jawbone available for implant placement. CONCLUSION: Patient selection appears to be of importance for increasing implant success rates.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Ivanoff, Carl-Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Histologic evaluation of bone response to oxidized and turned titanium micro-implants in human jawbone
- 2003
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 18:3, s. 341-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the human bone tissue response to 2 surfaces (oxidized or turned) on commercially available titanium implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Screw-type turned (control) and oxidized (test) micro-implants were manufactured in the same manner as commercially available turned and oxidized (TiUnite, Brånemark System) implants. The thickness of the oxide layer of the test implants was on average 10 microm, corresponding to the oxide thickness of the apical part of the TiUnite implant. Twenty patients received 1 test and 1 control micro-implant each during implant surgery. Before placement, the surface topography of the implants was characterized with an optical confocal laser profilometer. After a mean healing period of 6.6 months in the maxilla and 3.5 months in the mandible, the micro-implants and surrounding tissue were removed with a trephine bur. Histologic sections were produced, and the specimens were analyzed histomorphometrically. RESULTS: Surface roughness and enlargement were greater for the oxidized implants than for the turned implants. All micro-implants, except for 2 controls, were found to be clinically stable at the time of retrieval. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated significantly higher bone-to-implant contact for the oxidized implants, whether placed in the maxilla or in the mandible. Significantly more bone was found inside the threaded area for the oxidized implants placed in the mandible and maxilla, but there was no difference between implants with regard to position (maxilla or mandible). DISCUSSION: The stronger bone response to the oxidized implants may have contributed to the fact that 2 control implants but no test implants were lost. The reason for these findings may depend on one or multiple differences of the surfaces between test and control implants: (1) the thicker oxide layer itself, (2) increased surface roughness, (3) different surface morphology in terms of porosity, or (4) change in crystal structure. CONCLUSION: The present histologic study in human jawbone demonstrated a significantly higher bone response for anodic oxidized titanium implants than for implants with a turned surface.
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