| 1. |
- Perseius, Kent-Inge, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of suicidal and deliberate self-harming patients with borderline personality disorder using dialectical behavioral therapy : the patients’ and the therapists’ perceptions.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 17:5, s. 218-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate patients and therapists perception of receiving and giving dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). Ten deliberate self-harm patients with borderline personality disorder and four DBT-therapists were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The patients unanimously regard the DBT-therapy as life saving and something that has given them a bearable life situation. The patients and the therapists are concordant on the effective components of the therapy: the understanding, respect, and confirmation in combination with the cognitive and behavioral skills. The experienced effectiveness of DBT is contrasted by the patient's pronouncedly negative experiences from psychiatric care before entering DBT.
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| 2. |
- Björkdahl, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the occurrences of coercive interventions and staff injuries on a psychiatric intensive care unit.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 21:5, s. 270-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to compare the occurrences of coercive interventions and violence-related staff injuries before and after a 2-year violence prevention intervention on a psychiatric intensive care unit. The intervention aimed to improve nursing care by addressing patient violence from multiple perspectives. During the study, the unit was reorganized toward a higher concentration of severely disturbed patients. The results showed an increased proportion of coercive interventions without a corresponding increase in staff injuries. Use of coercive interventions is discussed in relation to a safe environment for both patients and staff.
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| 3. |
- Cutcliffe, John R., et al.
(författare)
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Mental Health Nurses Responding to Suffering in the 21st Century Occidental World : Accompanying People in Their Search for Meaning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 29:1, s. 19-25
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much of contemporary health and mental health practice pays little attention to suffering, and when it does, invariably suffering is conflated with pain. Within such views, the health care practitioner ought to be concerned with removing or stopping the suffering as, for many parts of the occidental world at least, suffering is regarded as antagonistic to the pursuit of happiness. However, it has been recognized since ancient times that the experience of suffering can give rise to growth. This view sees suffering as an inevitable aspect of the human condition and experience; as something that might need to be endured, minimized, relieved, explored for meaning and maybe even learned from. The former conceptualization of suffering leaves little, if any, room for the sufferer to be to be proud of his suffering and to consider it ennobling rather than degrading, and such views are highly congruent with the increased pathologizing of 'everyday life' and with that, the inexorable proliferation of pharmacological treatment'. Accordingly, we assert that there is a clear need for Psychiatric/Mental Health nurses to re-think their views of suffering and consider how they might help the person discover meaning in the experience; how they might accompany the individual on his/her suffering journey. We therefore identify a range of approaches and interventions that Psychiatric/Mental Health nurses can use when attempting to help those experiencing mental health-related suffering. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Ekdahl, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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A Life Tiptoeing : Being a Significant Other to Persons With Borderline Personality Disorder
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 25:6, s. 69-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of this study was to describe significant others' experiences of living close to a person with borderline personality disorder and their experience of encounter with psychiatric care.MethodsData were collected by free-text questionnaires and group interviews and were analyzed by qualitative content analysis.Results and ConclusionThe results revealed four categories: a life tiptoeing; powerlessness, guilt, and lifelong grief; feeling left out and abandoned; and lost trust. The first two categories describe the experience of living close to a person with BPD, and the last two categories describe encounter with psychiatric care.
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| 5. |
- Ekdahl, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Family skills training in dialectical behaviour therapy : The experience of the significant others
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 28:4, s. 235-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim was to describe significant others’ experiences of dialectical behaviour therapy- family skills training (DBT-FST), their life situation before and after DBT-FST, and measurement of their levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods: The study had a descriptive mixed method design. Data were collected with free text questionnaires (n= 44), group interviews (n= 53) and the HAD scale (n= 52) and analysed by qualitative content analysis and descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results show that life before DBT-FST was a struggle. DBT-FST gave hope for the future and provided strategies, helpful in daily life. For the subgroup without symptoms of anxiety and depression before DBT-FST, anxiety increased significantly. For the subgroup with symptoms of anxiety and depression the symptoms decreased significantly. This indicates, despite increased anxiety for one group, that DBT-FST is a beneficial intervention and most beneficial for those with the highest anxiety- and depressive symptoms.
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| 6. |
- Elwin, Marie, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Autobiographical Accounts of Sensing in Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Philadelphia, USA : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 26:5, s. 420-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sensory experiences in Asperger syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA) were explored by qualitative content analysis of autobiographical texts by persons with AS/HFA. Predetermined categories of hyper- and hyposensitivity were applied to texts. Hypersensitivity consists of strong reactions and heightened apprehension in reaction to external stimuli, sometimes together with overfocused or unselective attention. It was common in vision, hearing, and touch. In contrast, hyposensitivity was frequent in reaction to internal and body stimuli such as interoception, proprioception, and pain. It consists of less registration, discrimination, and recognition of stimuli as well as cravings for specific stimuli. Awareness of the strong impact of sensitivity is essential for creating good environments and encounters in the context of psychiatric and other health care.
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| 7. |
- Engqvist, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Women's Experience of Postpartum Psychotic Episodes—Analyses of Narratives From the Internet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 25:5, s. 376-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to gain an insight into women’s experiences of postpartum psychosis (PPP). Ten narratives taken from the Internet, which met the definition of PPP, were analyzed using cross-case and content analyses. The results revealed women’s experience of having unfulfilled dreams, being enveloped by darkness, having disabling symptoms, and being abandoned. The women’s experiences point to the importance of further education of nurses and doctors concerning PPP. It is vital not only for those working in psychiatric health care but also midwives and nurses who are working in maternity wards and child welfare centers. This would facilitate early recognition of signs and symptoms of the disorder, which, in turn, would make early treatment possible, thus supporting recovery. Furthermore, greater knowledge could contribute to providing more effective and compassionate care for these women.
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| 8. |
- Hammarström, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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The path of compassion in forensic psychiatry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 34:6, s. 435-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to deepen our understanding of the concept of compassion in caring for patients with mental illness in forensic psychiatric inpatient care settings. Qualitative analysis was used to illuminate themes from interviews conducted with 13 nurses in a prior study. The audiotaped interviews, which had been transcribed verbatim, were analyzed following a hermeneutic approach. Results revealed the main theme of “being compassionate in forensic psychiatry is an emotional journey” and three themes. Overall, compassion was seen as a changeable asset, but also an obstacle when absent; sensitivity to one's own vulnerability is necessary to overcome that obstacle.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hörberg, Ulrica, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Family orientation in forensic psychiatric care : An uncertain foundation of distrust
- 2023
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 46, s. 65-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The patients in forensic psychiatric care (FPC) are affected by their illness and the care they receive, but their families are also affected. The family-systems nursing theory has the mutual influence of the family as constituting a core starting point for the health of both the individual and the family and focuses on helping families cope with their situation. The aim of the study was to describe healthcare professionals' experiences of their family-oriented work within FPC. The findings are presented in three themes: A longed-for reciprocity within and with the family, Maintaining a problem-oriented and individual-based tradition, and Caring built on a foundation of distrust. Family-oriented work among healthcare professionals in FPC can only be realized through a pervasive shift in perspective from a predominantly problem-oriented patient focus towards a focus on interactional interplay and patterns. This is based on the belief that there are potential resources for patients and families to change in a healthy way. An educational intervention is suggested as a core starting point for developing a family-oriented practice for healthcare professionals in forensic psychiatric settings.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Health-Related Quality of Life : from the perspective of mothers and fathers of adult children suffering from longterm mental disorders
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 9:3, s. 180-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a lack of studies on mothers' and fathers' experiences of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) associated with caregiving of adult children suffering from mental disorder. A cross-sectional study was therefore carried out with 108 mothers and 43 fathers. Data were collected by means of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Family Involvement and Alienation Questionnaire (FIAQ) and the Burden Assessment Scale (BAS). Mothers' HRQOL was affected more than fathers' and lower compared to Swedish age related norms. HRQOL was predominantly related to ratings on HADS and BAS.
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Parents of adult children with long-term mental disorder : Their experiences of the mental health professionals' approach and feelings of alienation - A cross sectional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 33:6, s. 129-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to describe how parents of adult children suffering from long-term mental disorder experience the mental health professionals' approach and any feelings of alienation regarding the provision of care. A further aim was to investigate any differences according to the parents' gender or the child's age. 93 mothers and 37 fathers participated. A majority experienced the mental health professionals' approach toward them as being negative and they felt alienated from the professional care. Regardless of the age of the children, parents have a considerable need for a positive approach from the professionals that can enable them to choose how they should act and what they should do, in order to help and support their adult child.
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| 13. |
- Johansson, Catrin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Daily Life Dialogue Assessment in Psychiatric Care—Face Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability of a Tool Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 27:6, s. 306-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the development of an assessment tool based on the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) adapted to a psychiatric nursing context where both the patient and the nurse assess the patient's ability to participate in various spheres of life. The aim was to test psychometric properties, focusing on face validity and inter-rater reliability. Three Swedish expert groups participated. Analysis of inter-rater reliability was conducted through simulated patient cases. The results of an unweighted kappa value of 0.38, a linear weighted kappa value of 0.65 and a quadratic weighted kappa value of 0.73 were considered as acceptable when using simulated patient cases.
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| 14. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in self-reported importance of elements of health and subjectively experienced health among outpatients in community mental health services
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 25:5, s. e19-e26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Positive dimensions of mental health are strong protective factors against physical and mental illness in general population. A cross-sectional study including a randomly selected sample of 141 outpatients was performed to explore differences in patients' self-reported importance of elements of health and subjective experiences of health related to sociodemographic background variables. The examination of differences in self-reported importance of elements of health showed differences regarding gender, and the analyses of subjectively experienced health showed differences regarding age and diagnosis. Clinical interventions aiming at strengthening positive dimensions of health are required in community mental health services to meet the patients' individual needs of enhanced health.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kronenberg, Linda M., et al.
(författare)
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Personal Recovery in Individuals Diagnosed with Substance use Disorder (SUD) and Co-Occurring Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 29:4, s. 242-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The process of personal recovery in people diagnosed with substance use disorder and comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was mapped. Four general themes representing four consecutive stages in the recovery process were identified in both client groups: (1) crisis and diagnosis; (2) dealing with agitation, symptoms, and burden; (3) reorganization of life; and (4) meaningful life. However, the personal recovery outcomes and the need for support were different for the two clients groups. Based on these findings, mental health nurses can offer recovery supporting care tailored to the challenging needs of these clients. For the SUD + ADHD group, overall, a coaching attitude is preferred. For the SUD + ASD group, overall, instructional, supportive and directive attitude is needed.
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| 17. |
- Larsson (Omerov), Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric nursing care of suicidal patients described by the Sympathy-Acceptance-Understanding-Competence model for confirming nursing
- 2007
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 21:4, s. 222-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our aim was to describe psychiatric nursing care of suicidal patients from an action-theoretical and confirmatory perspective using the Sympathy-Acceptance-Understanding-Competence (SAUC) model for confirming nursing. Twenty-nine nurses were interviewed and asked to answer a questionnaire. The interview results showed that the nurses' care consisted of 83% of person support, 16% of self-support, and less than 1% of self-perspective support. However, the questionnaire responses showed that the nurses regarded all levels of support as equally important. Theoretical frameworks, such as the SAUC model, facilitate descriptions of nursing and may be used to improve the care of suicidal patients by making it deliberate and possible to evaluate.
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| 18. |
- Lin, Esther Ching-Lan, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing patient-perceived quality of care in psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan
- 2021
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 35:1, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient-perceived quality of inpatient/outpatient psychiatric care remains under-researched. A cross-sectional survey with purposive sampling comprising 567 inpatients and 549 outpatients was conducted among eight psychiatric care facilities in Taiwan to examine the factors influencing patient-perceived care quality. Inpatients and outpatients perceived moderate quality of care, where "Encounter" was reported as the highest dimension. Inpatients perceived "Secure environment" as the lowest; outpatients rated "Discharge/Referring" as the lowest. Hospital region and customer loyalty were significantly associated with patient-perceived care quality. Other significant factors were also identified: inpatient employment, perceived mental health and treatment effects, understanding diagnosis, previous treatment, and visited by appointment.
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| 19. |
- Lundström, Sofie, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related lifestyle and perceived health among people with severe mental illness : Gender differences and degree of sense of coherence
- 2019
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Maryland Heights, Missoury : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 33:2, s. 182-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience an increased risk of physical ill health and premature death, which appears to be partly related to unhealthy lifestyle habits. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of health-related lifestyle habits and perceived health among people with severe mental illness. A further aim was to explore if there were any gender differences or differences based on degree of sense of coherence. The study adopted a cross-sectional design based on data from 65 people with SMI. The results show that degree of Sense of Coherence (SOC) does have relevance for perceived health and for dimensions of Quality of Life (QOL). Furthermore, among the participants with strong SOC, there were less daily smokers and they seemed to have less sedentary leisure time than those with low SOC. Men reported more anxiety/depression than women and women ate fruit more often than men, otherwise there were no gender differences. In comparison with the general population, people with SMI show a higher Body Mass Index are more sedentary, more often daily smokers, have lower SOC and perceive a lower QOL. This emphasizes the importance of health-promotion support that focuses on lifestyle changes, and support for strengthening SOC and QOL for people with SMI. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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| 20. |
- Olsson, Helén, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased risk for violence in patients admitted to forensic care, measured with the HCR-20
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 27:4, s. 191-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to explore if patients admitted to forensic psychiatric care decreased their assessed risk for violence over time, to identify patients who decreased their assessed risk for violence exceptionally well (30% or more) on the clinical (C) and risk management (R) scales in the (HCR-20), and to compare them in terms of demographic data.METHODS: The HCR-20 risk assessment instrument was used to assess the risk for violence in 267 patients admitted to a Swedish forensic psychiatric clinic between 1997 and 2010. Their assessments at admission were compared with a second, and most recent, risk assessment.RESULTS: The risk for violence decreased over time. Demographic criteria had no impact on differences on decreased risk. Only two factors, namely gender and psychopathy showed a difference. Risk factors associated with stress and lack of personal support were the items that turned out to be the most difficult to reduce.CONCLUSION: The results show that risk prevention in forensic care does work and it is important to continue to work with risk management. The study highlights the importance of a careful analysis of the patient's risk for violence in order to work with the patient's specific risk factors to reduce the risk.
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| 21. |
- Olsson, Helén, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing or increasing violence in forensic care : A qualitative study of inpatient experiences
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Maryland Heights, USA : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 29:6, s. 393-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semi-structured interviews with 13 forensic psychiatric inpatients that had decreased their assessed risk of violence were analyzed using interpretive description. The main contribution from this study is a detailed description of patients' own strategies to avoid violence. Participants described having an ongoing inner dialog in which they encouraged themselves, thereby increasing their self-esteem and trying to accept their current situation. An unsafe and overcrowded ward with uninterested and nonchalant staff increased the risk of aggressive behavior. In the process of decreasing violence, the patients and the forensic psychiatric nursing staff interacted to create and maintain a safe environment.
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| 22. |
- Olsson, Maivor, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Distress and Quality of Life : A Comparison of Self-Assessments by Outpatients with a Schizopsychotic Illness and the Clinical Judgment of Nurses
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 29:5, s. 284-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate how self-assessments of perceived distress and quality of life in patients with schizopsychotic illness are associated with nurse assessments of symptoms, function and life situation. Data were obtained through interviews that used evidence-based rating and visual analogue self-rating scales. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analyses were used to process the data. The results demonstrated that the patient self-ratings did not correlate with the nurse assessments, and the perceived distress was not affected by remission status. The findings indicate that patient self-assessments are not a sufficient basis for decisions regarding appropriate treatment interventions.
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| 23. |
- Perseius, Kent-Inge, et al.
(författare)
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To tame a volcano : patients with borderline personality disorder and their perceptions of suffering
- 2005
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 19:4, s. 160-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate life situations, suffering, and perceptions of encounter with psychiatric care among 10 patients with borderline personality disorder. The results are based on a hermeneutic interpretation of narrative interviews in addition to biographical material (diary excerpts and poems). The interpretation revealed three comprehensive theme areas: life on the edge , the struggle for health and dignity-a balance act on a slack wire over a volcano , and the good and the bad act of psychiatric care in the drama of suffering . These theme areas form a movement back and forth-from despair and unendurable suffering to struggle for health and dignity and a life worth living. Common beliefs regarding these patients among personnel and implications for psychiatric care are discussed in relation to the results.
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| 24. |
- Skärsäter, Ingela, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence and recovery from major depression : a 4-year follow-up
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Maryland Heights, USA : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 23:2, s. 119-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this longitudinal exploratory study was to identify and follow persons with the first episode of major depression (MD) to determine whether sense of coherence (SOC) changes over time. An additional purpose was to assess whether SOC is associated with depressive symptoms, aggression, and functional status either immediately after diagnosis or at 4 years postdiagnosis. The study design was longitudinal; participants participated in semistructured interviews and completed surveys every 6 months starting at diagnosis and concluding 4 years later. The sample consisted of 33 adult patients who were being treated for the first episode of MD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Twenty-two participants completed all nine sessions. SOC was measured using the SOC scale; depressive symptoms using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale; aggression, including the total score and subscales of anger and hostility, using the Aggression Questionnaire-revised Swedish version; and functional status using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). At baseline, SOC was significantly correlated with total aggression (r = -45) and the hostility subscale (r = -.73); baseline SOC was unrelated to depressive symptoms or functional status. SOC increased significantly over time (P < .0001). At the 4-year follow-up, SOC was significantly related to depressive symptoms (r = -.60), the aggression summary score (r = -.65), the anger subscale (r = -.52), the hostility subscale (r = -.77), the GAF (r = .64), and the physical and mental health components of the SF-36 (r = .74 and .72, respectively). The finding that SOC increases as patients recover from MD suggests that treatment of depression may also bolster the patient's ability to cope, in addition to lowering depressive symptoms. The relationship between SOC and aggression in MD, with higher SOC correlated with lower aggression, needs to be examined further. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Holst, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship of vocally disruptive behavior and previous personality in severely demented institutionalized patients.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - 1532-8228. ; 11:3, s. 147-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore the previous personalities of patients, their behavior during the course of the disease, and the relationship between the previous personality and vocally disruptive behavior of severely demented patients. Twenty-one severely demented patients identified as vocally disruptive and 19 severely demented control subjects who were matched for gender and ward were studied. A family member or close relative who knew the patient very well described the patient's personal characteristics from what they judged to be the “best” period in the patient's life and responded, on behalf of the patient, to the 57 items in a modified version of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. The results of this study can be interpreted to indicate that a previous personality described as introverted, rigid, and with a tendency to control emotions, as remembered retrospectively by a close family member, may correlate to current disruptive behavior. Despite the limitations of this study, the findings indicated that a patient's previous personality characteristics need to be taken into consideration because they may partially explain vocal activity and are therefore important for the provision of nursing care. Further research has to be performed to highlight the impact of previous personality characteristics on various kinds of behavior during the course of the disease.
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| 28. |
- Skärsäter, Ingela, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence and recovery from major depression: a four-year follow-up
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - 0883-9417. ; 23:2, s. 119-127
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this longitudinal exploratory study was to identify and follow persons with the first episode of major depression (MD) to determine whether sense of coherence (SOC) changes over time. An additional purpose was to assess whether SOC is associated with depressive symptoms, aggression, and functional status either immediately after diagnosis or at 4 years postdiagnosis. The study design was longitudinal; participants participated in semistructured interviews and completed surveys every 6 months starting at diagnosis and concluding 4 years later. The sample consisted of 33 adult patients who were being treated for the first episode of MD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Twenty-two participants completed all nine sessions. SOC was measured using the SOC scale; depressive symptoms using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale; aggression, including the total score and subscales of anger and hostility, using the Aggression Questionnaire-revised Swedish version; and functional status using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). At baseline, SOC was significantly correlated with total aggression (r = -45) and the hostility subscale (r = -.73); baseline SOC was unrelated to depressive symptoms or functional status. SOC increased significantly over time (P < .0001). At the 4-year follow-up, SOC was significantly related to depressive symptoms (r = -.60), the aggression summary score (r = -.65), the anger subscale (r = -.52), the hostility subscale (r = -.77), the GAF (r = .64), and the physical and mental health components of the SF-36 (r = .74 and .72, respectively). The finding that SOC increases as patients recover from MD suggests that treatment of depression may also bolster the patient's ability to cope, in addition to lowering depressive symptoms. The relationship between SOC and aggression in MD, with higher SOC correlated with lower aggression, needs to be examined further.
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