| 1. |
- Amadeo, Marcia, et al.
(författare)
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Information-Centric Networking for the Internet of Things : Challenges and Opportunities
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 30:2, s. 92-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In view of evolving the Internet infrastructure, ICN is promoting a communication model that is fundamentally different from the traditional IP address-centric model. The ICN approach consists of the retrieval of content by (unique) names, regardless of origin server location (i.e., IP address), application, and distribution channel, thus enabling in-network caching/replication and content-based security. The expected benefits in terms of improved data dissemination efficiency and robustness in challenging communication scenarios indicate the high potential of ICN as an innovative networking paradigm in the IoT domain. IoT is a challenging environment, mainly due to the high number of heterogeneous and potentially constrained networked devices, and unique and heavy traffic patterns. The application of ICN principles in such a context opens new opportunities, while requiring careful design choices. This article critically discusses potential ways toward this goal by surveying the current literature after presenting several possible motivations for the introduction of ICN in the context of IoT. Major challenges and opportunities are also highlighted, serving as guidelines for progress beyond the state of the art in this timely and increasingly relevant topic.
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| 2. |
- Aslam, Muhammad Shehryar, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Multi-Hop LoRa for Green Smart Cities
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 34:2, s. 225-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the growing popularity of Internet-of-Things (IoT)-based smart city applications, various long-range and low-power wireless connectivity solutions are under rigorous research. LoRa is one such solution that works in the sub-GHz unlicensed spectrum and promises to provide long-range communication with minimal energy consumption. However, the conventional LoRa networks are single-hop, with the end devices connected to a central gateway through a direct link, which may be subject to large path loss and hence render low connectivity and coverage. This article motivates the use of multi-hop LoRa topologies to enable energy-efficient connectivity in smart city applications. We present a case study that experimentally evaluates and compares single-hop and multi-hop LoRa topologies in terms of range extension and energy efficiency by evaluating packet reception ratio (PRR) for various source to destination distances, spreading factors (SFs), and transmission powers. The results highlight that a multi-hop LoRa network configuration can save significant energy and enhance coverage. For instance, it is shown that to achieve a 90% PRR, a two-hop network provides 50% energy savings as compared to a single-hop network while increasing 35% coverage at a particular SF. In the end, we discuss open challenges in multi-hop LoRa deployment and optimization.
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| 3. |
- Bohge, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic Resource Allocation in OFDM Systems : An Overview of Cross-Layer Optimization Principles and Techniques
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 21:1, s. 53-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, a lot of research effort has been spent on cross-layer system design. It has been shown that cross-layer mechanisms (i.e., policies) potentially provide significant performance gains for various systems. In this article we review several aspects of cross-layer system optimization regarding wireless OFDM systems. We discuss basic optimization models and present selected heuristic approaches realizing cross-layer policies by means of dynamic resource allocation. Two specific areas are treated separately: models and dynamic approaches for single transmitter/receiver pairs (i.e., a point-to-point communication scenario) as well as models and approaches for point-to-multipoint communication scenarios (e.g., the downlink of a wireless cell). This article provides basic knowledge in order to investigate future OFDM cross-layer-optimization issues.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
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Over-the-Air Computation for Distributed Systems : Something Old and Something New
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 37:5, s. 240-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Facing the upcoming era of Internet-of-Things and connected intelligence, efficient information processing, computation, and communication design becomes a key challenge in large-scale intelligent systems. Recently, Over-the-Air (OtA) computation has been proposed for data aggregation and distributed computation of functions over a large set of network nodes. Theoretical foundations for this concept exist for a long time, but it was mainly investigated within the context of wireless sensor networks. There are still many open questions when applying OtA computation in different types of distributed systems where modern wireless communication technology is applied. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the OtA computation principle and its applications in distributed learning, control, and inference systems, for both server-coordinated and fully decentralized architectures. Particularly, we highlight the importance of the statistical heterogeneity of data and wireless channels, the temporal evolution of model updates, and the choice of performance metrics, for the communication design in OtA federated learning (FL) systems. Several key challenges in privacy, security, and robustness aspects of OtA FL are also identified for further investigation.
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| 5. |
- Csaszar, Andras, et al.
(författare)
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Converging the evolution of router architectures and IP networks
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 21:4, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although IP is widely recognized as the platform for next-generation converged networks, unfortunately, it is heavily burdened by its heritage of almost 30 years. Nowadays, network operators must devote significant resources to perform essential tasks, such as traffic engineering, policy enforcement, and security. In this article, we argue that one of the principal reasons for this is the way control and forwarding planes are interspersed in IP networks today. We review the architectural. developments that led to the current situation, and we reason that centralization of network control functionality can constitute a solution to the pressing problems of the contemporary Internet.
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| 6. |
- Duchamp, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Software technology for wireless mobile computing
- 1991
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 5:6, s. 12-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some of the possibilities and requirements for mobile computing on wireless local area networks (LANs) are discussed from the systems software viewpoint. The design of the Student Electronic Notebook (SEN) is sketched to provide a partial catalog of problems in building a real system for wireless mobile computing. This project was initiated to investigate the potential of wireless mobile computing to reshape education. Some of the key directions for research in software technology for wireless, mobile computing are examined. Some of the authors' experience with wireless LANs is related.
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| 7. |
- Fiedler, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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A generic quantitative relationship between Quality of Experience and Quality of Service
- 2010
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 24:2, s. 36-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quality of Experience (QoE) ties together user perception, experience and expectations to application and network performance, typically expressed by Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Quantitative relationships between QoE and QoS are required in order to be able to build effective QoE control mechanisms onto measurable QoS parameters. On this background, this paper proposes a generic formula in which QoE and QoS parameters are connected through an exponential relationship, called IQX hypothesis. The formula relates changes of QoE with respect to QoS to the current level of QoE, is simple to match, and its limit behaviours are straighforward to interpret. It validates the IQX hypothesis for streaming services, where QoE in terms of Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) is expressed as functions of loss and reordering ratio, the latter of which is caused by jitter. For web surfing as the second application area, matchings provided by the IQX hypothesis are shown to outperform previously published logarithmic functions. We conclude that the IQX hypothesis is a strong candidate to be taken into account when deriving relationships between QoE and QoS parameters.
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| 8. |
- Gomez-Barquero, David, et al.
(författare)
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Affordable mobile TV services in hybrid cellular and DVB-H systems
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 21:2, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile TV services are expected to become a key application in future wireless networks. The recently proposed terrestrial digital broadcast technology, DVB-H, especially designed for mobile services, is regarded as a powerful alternative to the 3G cellular networks that already offer these services but on a point-to-point basis. Unfortunately, the cost of supporting real-time streaming and full area coverage seems to be very high compared to fixed TV services. In this article we discuss hybrid IP datacast DVB-H and 3G systems as a possible solution for providing affordable network infrastructure and services. Our approach is DVB-H centric. The 3G cellular system plays the role of providing interactivity, error reporting, and repair for the DVB-H broadcast channel. To enable an easy and efficient interworking of DVB-H and 3G, we employ forward error correction at the application layer with digital fountain coding. The main way to provide, lower cost services is to avoid full DVB-H area coverage from the beginning and to perform an incremental DVB-H network deployment that follows the user demand. In this direction, to hide the discontinuity in coverage from the perception of users, we propose to take advantage of the bursty character of DVB-H transmissions and the mobility of users. This is possible by sending additional parity data, either with the DVB-H or the cellular network, in the time intervals between original service bursts. We evaluate the potential DVB-H infrastructure cost savings determined by transmitting additional parity data in DVB-H when targeting vehicular users. The implications of delivering parity data through the cellular network also are discussed. The numerical investigations show a potential for significant cost savings compared with the traditional approaches.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Han, T., et al.
(författare)
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Emerging Drone Trends for Blockchain-Based 5G Networks: Open Issues and Future Perspectives
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ieee Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 35:1, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as drones, are receiving growing research interest due to their ability to carry a multitude of sensors and to connect to mobile networks. They are also able to move freely across the air, which enables the creation of numerous applications that were until now considered impracticable. However, such applications may require high computational resources, reliable connection, and high data transmission rates to accomplish different tasks. Therefore, in this work, first, we discuss 5G communication networks and mobile edge computing (MEC) as promising technologies that can provide several benefits to drone-enabled environments and solve some of the presented issues. We also comment on 5G and MEC approaches, presenting the state of the art and seeking to solve each of the latter issues presented. Afterward, we introduce new security concerns of drone communication networks, given their recent popularity. These concerns are related to the possibility of malicious users taking advantage of this brand new technology, which has made many governments ban drones due to public safety. Next, blockchain technology is brought in as a novel solution to the security issues due to its decentralized nature, making it inherently safe. This article also surveys contributions that make use of each of the technologies mentioned to improve the emerging drone industry. Subsequently, we discuss open issues and future perspectives.
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| 11. |
- Karlsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Service and the End-to-End argument
- 2007
-
Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 21:6, s. 16-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Audio-visual services are now commonly used on the Internet. Many of them are based on batch downloading of contents for later replay. Real-time interactive and streaming services are now rapidly becoming popular. These services would benefit from quality of service if it were widely provided. The purpose of this article is to show how QoS solutions may be introduced incrementally. Quality is obtained by means of a probe-based admission control that can be exerted outside the network. The introduction of QoS starts from self-admission control in the application layer, followed by transport layer service differentiation. These two steps do not require any change to the network. If motivated, scheduling for service class separation in the network may be added. We show by proof of concept how QoS may be provided in agreement with the end-to-end argument. The three steps of our proposal are compared and discussed with respect to the possibility of deployment.
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| 12. |
- Kim, Seong-Lyun, et al.
(författare)
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Machine and Robotic Networking
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 26:3, s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- Kumar, Neeraj, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Analysis of Bayesian Coalition Game-Based Energy-Aware Virtual Machine Migration in Vehicular Mobile Cloud
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 29:2, s. 62-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To provide computing and communication services to mobile clients, vehicular mobile cloud computing has gained lot of attention in recent times. However, one of the biggest challenges for the smooth execution of these services in this environment is the intelligent usage of VMs which may be overloaded due to numerous requests from mobile clients such as vehicles and mobile devices to access these services. However, poor utilization of VMs in this environment causes a lot of energy to be wasted. To address this issue, we propose Bayesian coalition game as-aservice for intelligent context-switching of VMs to support the above defined services in order to reduce the energy consumption, so that clients can execute their services without a performance degradation. In the proposed scheme, we have used the concepts of learning automata (LA) and game theory in which LA are assumed as the players such that each player has an individual payoff based upon the energy consumption and load on the VM. Players interact with the stochastic environment for taking action such as the selection of appropriate VMs and based upon the feedback received from the environment, they update their action probability vector. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using various performance evaluation metrics such as context-switching delay, overhead generated, execution time, and energy consumption. The results obtained show that the proposed scheme performs well with respect to the aforementioned performance metrics. Specifically, using the proposed scheme there is a reduction of 10 percent in energy consumption, 12 percent in network delay, 5 percent in overhead generation, and 10 percent in execution time. © 1986-2012 IEEE.
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| 14. |
- Li, Yajie, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible RAN : Combining Dynamic Baseband Split Selection and Reconfigurable Optical Transport to Optimize RAN Performance
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 34:4, s. 180-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of functional splits in C-RANs brings a tradeoff between radio performance and transport capacity. Higher-layer splits relax transport capacity requirements, whereas radio performance is not guaranteed. Lower-layer splits are beneficial for the radio performance, but they may require a more expensive and high capacity transport network. Facing the challenge of how to deploy 5G RANs in the short-term future, network operators need to find the best functional split options able to accommodate radio performance requirements without incurring excessive transport network costs. This article presents an architecture referred to as F-RAN able to choose the most appropriate split option while considering time-varying radio performance and the availability of transport resources. F-RAN can accommodate these needs by means of an SDN-based orchestration layer and a programmable optical transport network. The performance of F-RAN is benchmarked against a conventional C-RAN architecture in terms of the number of wavelengths and transponders to be deployed. Simulation results confirm the overall benefits of F-RAN in terms of better utilization of transport resources.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lv, Zhihan, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Twins Based on Quantum Networking
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 36:5, s. 88-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work aims to improve the communication security of the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) based on digital twins (DTs). The related technologies of quantum communication are introduced to improve network communication. Firstly, the key DTs technologies in the construction of IIoT are expounded. Also, the characteristics of quantum communication are analyzed. Secondly, a channel encryption scheme based on quantum communication is proposed to ensure the communication security of IIoT. The scheme uses the five-particle entanglement state and two-particle bell state as entanglement channels to realize two-particle quantum teleportation. Finally, an Adaptive Key Residue algorithm is proposed based on the quantum key distribution mechanism. The algorithm verification suggests that the success rate of service distribution decreases with the increase in network load. When the service load reaches 1000, the Adaptive Key Residue algorithm can maintain a success rate of service distribution in the network higher than 0.6. Besides, the success rate of service distribution increases with the growth of the total key generation rate V and the key pool capacity C. The research results reported here are of great significance for realizing the secure communication of IIoT systems based on digital twins to ensure the effective operation of network communication and the secure transmission of data.
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| 17. |
- Lyamin, Nikita, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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AI-Based Malicious Network Traffic Detection in VANETs
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 32:6, s. 15-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inherent unreliability of wireless communications may have crucial consequences when safety-critical C-ITS applications enabled by VANETs are concerned. Although natural sources of packet losses in VANETs such as network traffic congestion are handled by decentralized congestion control (DCC), losses caused by malicious interference need to be controlled too. For example, jamming DoS attacks on CAMs may endanger vehicular safety, and first and foremost are to be detected in real time. Our first goal is to discuss key literature on jamming modeling in VANETs and revisit some existing detection methods. Our second goal is to present and evaluate our own recent results on how to address the real-time jamming detection problem in V2X safety-critical scenarios with the use of AI. We conclude that our hybrid jamming detector, which combines statistical network traffic analysis with data mining methods, allows the achievement of acceptable performance even when random jitter accompanies the generation of CAMs, which complicates the analysis of the reasons for their losses in VANETs. The use case of the study is a challenging platooning C-ITS application, where V2X-enabled vehicles move together at highway speeds with short inter-vehicle gaps.
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| 18. |
- Lyu, Xinchen, et al.
(författare)
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Selective Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing for the Green Internet of Things
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - Piscataway : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 32:1, s. 54-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile edge computing provides the radio access networks with cloud computing capabilities to fulfill the requirements of the Internet of Things services such as high reliability and low latency. Offloading services to edge servers can alleviate the storage and computing limitations and prolong the lifetimes of the IoT devices. However, offloading in MEC faces scalability problems due to the massive number of IoT devices. In this article, we present a new integration architecture of the cloud, MEC, and IoT, and propose a lightweight request and admission framework to resolve the scalability problem. Without coordination among devices, the proposed framework can be operated at the IoT devices and computing servers separately, by encapsulating latency requirements in offloading requests. Then a selective offloading scheme is designed to minimize the energy consumption of devices, where the signaling overhead can be further reduced by enabling the devices to be self-nominated or self-denied for offloading. Simulation results show that our proposed selective offloading scheme can satisfy the latency requirements of different services and reduce the energy consumption of IoT devices. © 2018 IEEE
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| 19. |
- Ma, Z., et al.
(författare)
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The role of data analysis in the development of intelligent energy networks
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 31:5, s. 88-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data analysis plays an important role in the development of intelligent energy networks (IENs). This article reviews and discusses the application of data analysis methods for energy big data. The installation of smart energy meters has provided a huge volume of data at different time resolutions, suggesting data analysis is required for clustering, demand forecasting, energy generation optimization, energy pricing, monitoring and diagnostics. The currently adopted data analysis technologies for IENs include pattern recognition, machine learning, data mining, statistics methods, and so on. However, existing methods for data analysis cannot fully meet the requirements for processing the big data produced by IENs, therefore more comprehensive data analysis methods are needed to handle the increasing amount of data and to mine more valuable information.
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| 20. |
- Mahanti, Aniket, et al.
(författare)
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A Tale of the Tails: Power-laws in Internet Measurements
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 27:1, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Power-laws are ubiquitous in the Internet and its applications. In this survey article, we provide a review of such properties in Internet measurements. First, we give definitions of power-law distributions, such as Pareto and Zipf, while also reviewing heavy tails and long tails, and discussing a well-known model for understanding power-law behaviour in computer networks. Second, we present several examples of Internet workload properties exhibiting power-law behaviour. Finally, we explore several implications of power-law in computer networks. Using examples from past and present, we review how researchers have studied and exploited power-law properties. We observe that despite the challenges posed, power-laws have been effectively leveraged by researchers to improve the design and performance of Internet-based systems.
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| 21. |
- Popovski, Petar, et al.
(författare)
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Wireless Access for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC): Principles and Building Blocks
- 2018
-
Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 1558-156X .- 0890-8044. ; 32:2, s. 16-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) is an important new feature brought by 5G, with a potential to support a vast set of applications that rely on mission-critical links. In this article, we first discuss the principles for supporting URLLC from the perspective of the traditional assumptions and models applied in communication/information theory. We then discuss how these principles are applied in various elements of the system design, such as use of various diversity sources, design of packets and access protocols. The important messages are that there is a need to optimize the transmission of signaling information, as well as a need for a lean use of various sources of diversity.
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| 22. |
- Ramezani, Parisa, et al.
(författare)
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Toward RIS-Enhanced Integrated Terrestrial/Non-Terrestrial Connectivity in 6G
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 37:3, s. 178-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The next generation of wireless systems will take the concept of communications and networking to another level through the seamless integration of terrestrial, aerial, satellite, maritime, and underwater communication systems. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an innovative technology, which, with its singular features and functionalities, can expedite the realization of this everywhere connectivity. Motivated by the unparalleled properties of this innovatory technology, this article provides a comprehensive discussion on how RIS can contribute to the actualization and proper functioning of future integrated terrestrial/non-terrestrial (INTENT) networks. As a case study, we explore the integration of RIS into non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based satellite communication networks and demonstrate the performance enhancement achieved by the inclusion of RIS via numerical simulations. Promising directions for future research in this area are set forth at the end of this article.
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| 23. |
- Rihan, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Passive Versus Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Integrated Sensing and Communication : Challenges and Opportunities
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 38:3, s. 218-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a revolutionary technology for controlling wireless channels to improve the performance of wireless communication and radar systems. However, the performance improvement of these wireless systems is shown to be limited due to the multiplicative fading effect. Active RISs have been introduced to circumvent this effect while simultaneously increasing the degrees-of-freedom in the design of RIS-assisted networks. On a parallel theme, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) has been identified as one of the promising 6G paradigms for enabling sensing and communication functionalities within an integrated platform, which allows more efficient use of energy and spectral resources at a reasonable cost, and paves the way to the birth of new use-cases and applications. This article investigates the roles of active and passive RISs in different ISAC scenarios. Indeed, while there is abundant literature covering the use of both passive and active RISs for wireless communications, there is still a shortage in studying their benefits for radar and ISAC scenarios. This paper presents an overview of the currently available studies on the use of active and passive RISs for ISAC purposes and provides numerical examples to show the superiority and greater flexibility of active RISs in the context of ISAC. Finally, possible use cases for active RISs in modern ISAC systems are explored, and research challenges are highlighted along with the relevant opportunities that RISs offer.
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| 24. |
- Saafi, Salwa, et al.
(författare)
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AI-Aided Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial 6G Solutions for Sustainable Maritime Networking
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 36:3, s. 183-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The maritime industry is experiencing a technological revolution that affects shipbuilding, operation of both seagoing and inland vessels, cargo management, and working practices in harbors. This ongoing transformation is driven by the ambition to make the ecosystem more sustainable and cost-efficient. Digitalization and automation help achieve these goals by transforming shipping and cruising into a much more cost- and energy-efficient and decarbonized industry segment. The key enablers in these processes are always-available connectivity and content delivery services, which can not only aid shipping companies in improving their operational efficiency and reducing carbon emissions, but also contribute to enhanced crew welfare and passenger experience. Due to recent advancements in integrating high-capacity and ultra-reliable terrestrial and non-terrestrial networking technologies, ubiquitous maritime connectivity is becoming a reality. To cope with the increased complexity of managing these integrated systems, this article advocates the use of artificial intelligence and machine-learning-based approaches to meet the service requirements and energy efficiency targets in various maritime communications scenarios.
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| 25. |
- Saha, D., et al.
(författare)
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Mobility support in IP : A survey of related protocols
- 2004
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 18:6, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an overview of a set of IP-based mobility protocols - Mobile IP, HAWAII, Cellular IP, Hierarchical MIP, TeleMIP, Dynamic Mobility Agent, and Terminal Independent MIP - that will play an important role in the forthcoming convergence of IP and legacy wireless networks. A comparative analysis with respect to system parameters such as location update, handoff latency and signaling overhead exposes their ability in managing micro/macro/global-level mobility. We use this observation to relate their features against a number of key design issues identified for seamless IP-based mobility as envisioned for future 4G networks.
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| 26. |
- Saleem, A. B., et al.
(författare)
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Full-Duplex Quadrature Spatial Modulation for Multi-Antenna Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Devices with full-duplex (FD) radios are able to transmit and receive at the same time without requiring orthogonal resources, thereby creating strong self-interference (SI) that results from their own transmissions. Spatial modulation (SM), on the other hand, is a multi-antenna scheme that activates only one transmit antenna to send a data symbol, where the index of the activated antenna depends on the input bits. In this manner, additional data can be conveyed implicitly via the selection of the active transmit antenna. Quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is a variant of SM, in which the quadrature components of the constellation symbol are separately modulated on the indices of the transmit antenna, leading to an increase in the data rate by implicitly encoding on the spatial domain. This article provides an overview of the research activity on FD-SM and proposes a novel FD-QSM scheme that exploits multiple antennas to achieve antenna cancellation at the receiving side to mitigate the SI signal. Assuming active cancellation mechanisms are also in place, the performance of FD-QSM is studied in the presence of residual SI (RSI). The results reveal that FD-QSM can provide more than 40 percent capacity gain over its half-duplex (HD) counterpart in the presence of strong RSI and roughly the same gain over HD spatial multiplexing (SMX)-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems with moderate RSI. When applied to the downlink of a cellular network, FD-QSM provides 2dB gain over FD-SM and 5dB gain over FD-MIMO, operating at the same spectral efficiency, while huge gains are observed when FD-QSM is applied to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-aided FD relay network. IEEE
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| 27. |
- Shames, Iman, et al.
(författare)
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Agents Misbehaving in a Network : a Vice or a Virtue?
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 26:3, s. 35-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Misbehaviors among the agents in a network might be intentional or unintentional, they might cause a system-wide failure or they might improve the performance or even enable us to achieve an objective. In this article we consider examples of these possible scenarios. First, we argue the necessity of monitoring the agents in a network to detect if they are misbehaving or not and outline a distributed method in which each agent monitors its neighbors for any sign of misbehavior. Later, we focus on solving the problem of distributed leader selection via forcing the agents to temporarily misbehave, and introduce an algorithm that enables the agents in a network to select their leader without any interference from the outside of the network.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Shokri-Ghadikolaei, Hossein, et al.
(författare)
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Design aspects of short range millimeter wave networks : A MAC layer perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 30:3, s. 88-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased density of wireless devices, ever growing demands for extremely high data rate, and spectrum scarcity at microwave bands make the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies an important player in future wireless networks. However, mmWave communication systems exhibit severe attenuation, blockage, deafness, and may need microwave networks for coordination and fall-back support. To compensate for high attenuation, mmWave systems exploit highly directional operation, which in turn substantially reduces the interference footprint. The significant differences between mmWave networks and legacy communication technologies challenge the classical design approaches, especially at the medium access control (MAC) layer, which has received comparatively less attention than PHY and propagation issues in the literature so far. In this paper, the MAC layer design aspects of shortrange mmWave networks are discussed. In particular, we explain why current mmWave standards fail to fully exploitthe potential advantages of short range mmWave technology, and argue for the necessity of new collision-awarehybrid resource allocation frameworks with on-demand control messages, the advantages of a collision notification message, and the potential of multihop communication to provide reliable mmWave connections.
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| 30. |
- Uysal, Elif, et al.
(författare)
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Semantic Communications in Networked Systems : A Data Significance Perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 36:4, s. 233-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our vision for a departure from the established way of architecting and assessing communication networks, by incorporating the semantics of information, defined not necessarily as the meaning of the messages, but as their significance, possibly within a real-time constraint, relative to the purpose of the data exchange. We argue that research efforts must focus on laying the theoretical foundations of a redesign of the entire process of information generation, transmission, and usage for networked systems in unison by developing advanced semantic metrics for communications and control systems; an optimal sampling theory combining signal sparsity and timeliness, for real-time prediction/reconstruction/control under communication constraints and delays; temporally effective compressed sensing techniques for decision making and inference directly in the compressed domain; and semantic-aware data generation, channel coding, packetization, feedback, and multiple and random access schemes that reduce the volume of data and the energy consumption, increasing the number of supportable devices. This paradigm shift targets jointly optimal information gathering, information dissemination, and decision making policies in networked systems.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Vondra, Michal, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Satellite and Aerial Communications for Heterogeneous Flying Vehicles
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 32:5, s. 62-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rising number of airplanes and UAVs requiring connectivity in the sky puts high demands on all types of networks. In areas without DA2GC coverage, such as sea or oceans, the only option is SC. However, the capacity of SC is limited and insufficient in some cases. Therefore, an extension of DA2GC by A2AC and integration of A2AC and SC is a promising solution to improve available capacity. The main aim of this article is to evaluate limits of SC and A2AC in terms of maximum available capacity and maximum range. The results show that A2AC through DA2GC backhauling is able to overcome capacity available by SC on certain conditions while flying close to the mainland. Integration of A2AC and SC can significantly improve data rate available for UAVs and airplanes, especially if the sky cannot be covered by DA2GC only. Our results show that A2AC can provide capacity up to 93 Mb/s, and it can even exceed the capacity of SC when DA2GC and A2AC distances are short. When SC is overloaded, A2AC can be used instead to provide airplanes with capacity of 37 Mb/s up to 432 km DA2GC distance and 340 km A2AC distance. Besides the evaluation of both networks, the article also summarizes and discusses potential challenges and open issues of integration that need to be considered on the way to successful cooperation of both networks.
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| 33. |
- Wang, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Attack Detection and Distributed Forensics in Machine-to-Machine Networks
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 30:6, s. 49-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advanced idea of machine-to-machine technology has attracted a new period of network revolution, evolving into a method to monitor and control global industrial user assets, machines, and the production process. M2M networks are considered to be the intelligent connection and communication between machines. However, the security issues have been further amplified with the development of M2M networks. Consequently, it is essential to pour attention into attack detection and forensics problems in M2M networks. This article puts forward the hybrid attack detection and forensics model in M2M networks. It contains two modules: the attack detection module and the forensics analysis module. In addition, we present a distributed anti-honeypot-based forensics strategy to cope with DDoS attacks in the forensics analysis module. Finally, we also discuss some challenges in M2M network security and forensics.
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| 34. |
- Wang, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed Energy Management for Vehicle-to-Grid Networks
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 31:2, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making full use of V2G services, EVs with batteries may assist the smart grid in alleviating peaks of energy consumption. Aiming to develop a systematic understanding of the interplay between smart grid and EVs, an architecture for the V2G networks with the EV aggregator is designed to maintain the balance between energy suppliers (the grid side) and consumers (the EV side). We propose a combined control and communication approach considering distributed features and vehicle preferences in order to ensure efficient energy transfer. In our model, the integrated communication and control unit can achieve realtime and intelligent management with the logic controller and collected data. On the consumers' side, we theoretically analyze how to satisfy the charging constraints that we incorporate in the form of willingness to pay, and propose a distributed framework to coordinate the energy delivery behaviors for satisfying service demands. Moreover, illustrative results indicate that the proposed approach can yield higher revenue than the conventional pricing mechanism in V2G networks.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Yang, Ping, et al.
(författare)
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6G Wireless Communications: Vision and Potential Techniques
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1558-156X .- 0890-8044. ; 33:4, s. 70-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the fast development of smart terminals and emerging new applications (e.g., real-time and interactive services), wireless data traffic has drastically increased, and current cellular networks (even the forthcoming 5G) cannot completely match the quickly rising technical requirements. To meet the coming challenges, the sixth generation (6G) mobile network is expected to cast the high technical standard of new spectrum and energy-efficient transmission techniques. In this article, we sketch the potential requirements and present an overview of the latest research on the promising techniques evolving to 6G, which have recently attracted considerable attention. Moreover, we outline a number of key technical challenges as well as the potential solutions associated with 6G, including physical-layer transmission techniques, network designs, security approaches, and testbed developments.
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