| 1. |
- Martinez-Assucena, A., et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis, in adults (II); management and impact on impairment, functioning, and quality of life : An overview
- 2010
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Ingår i: Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. - 0896-2960. ; 22:1-4, s. 179-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) often leads to different levels of severity and progression of impairment and disability and to dissimilar levels of limitation in activities and participation in different social domains, with varying impacts on quality of life (QoL) among people with MS (PwMS). Results have shown that, for PwMS, prioritizing goal setting may enhance adherence to treatment. Interdisciplinary rehabilitation may prolong the functional status level of PwMS, may result in transient improvement in the aspects of impairment features, may increase their participation in activities, and may improve their QoL, even when disease progression is not modified. Single rehabilitation packages of comprehensive care have proven beneficial, such as physiotherapy, which enhances aerobic capacity, strength, pain, mood, mobility, and QoL. Occupational therapy can help reduce the impact of impairment on QoL, especially fatigue. Neuropsychological interventions, such as learning and memory remediation, psychological intervention for depressive disorders, and acquistion of coping skills and self-management techniques help PwMS to adjust to disease and disability. Speech therapy can improve intelligibility of communication. Learning swallowing techniques can help prevent material from entering the airway. Clean intermittent self-catheterization can help prevent urinary tract infections. Power wheelchairs enhance occupational performance and energy conservation. Further vocational rehabilitation settings and research are required for more appropriate interventions due to high unemployment rates among PwMS. Comprehensive care for PwMS should include planning for future independent living and long-term care needs.
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| 2. |
- Müllersdorf, Maria, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Needs assessment methods in healthcare and rehabilitation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. - 0896-2960. ; 10:1, s. 57-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When community financial resources are reduced and need and demand for health services are increasing, needs assessment inrehabilitation/occupational therapy (OT) becomes an issue of priority. The aims of this study were, through an analysis of 39 relevant articles and11 textbooks: (1) to identify concept about how needs assessment should be conducted and (2) to compare these results with an analysis of how they have been conducted in practice. The review indicated four main approaches, including different elements of research: design, source, data collection, and data analysis. All the elements could be combined independently in different ways. Five of the articles explicitly studied occupational therapy and one rehabilitation. The areas most frequently assessed concerned persons with mental illness (25%) and physical disabilities (21%). Most of the studies were conducted with survey-designs (81%), the main sources being patients (57%) and key-informants (36%). In 26% of the studies, several sources were used and in 33% several methods of data collection. This multiple approach is recommended as a check that the data are reliable. The ways of collecting data most frequently used, however, were questionnaires (57%) and interviews (46%). Descriptive statistics (82%) were mostly used for analysis. The possible ways of conducting needs assessment in rehabilitation/OT were not fully used in the empirical studies. The field scarcity of articles concerning needs assessment in occupational therapy indicates that this field has evidently not yet been fully explored.
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