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Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	Lundberg, Bengt (författare) Dynamic response of elastic bodies : a simple illustration 1979 Ingår i: Journal of elasticity. - 0374-3535 .- 1573-2681. ; 9:2, s. 197-200 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The study evaluates the elastodynamic response of a simple body, a straight linear-elastic rod, which is loaded axially at one end and is either free or fixed at the other end. It is demonstrated that the results of a rigid body mechanics and elastostatics, respectively, are obtained in the limit as the ratio of the time characterizing the body to the time characterizing the load tends to zero. These results are accurate when, say, this ratio is less than 0.1, whereas they fail when the ratio is of the order of unity or greater
2.	Glad, Torkel, 1947- (författare) Properties of Updating Methods for the Multipliers in Augmented Lagrangians 1979 Ingår i: Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0022-3239 .- 1573-2878. ; 28:2, s. 135-156 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The convergence properties of different updating methods for the multipliers in augmented Lagrangians are considered. It is assumed that the updating of the multipliers takes place after each line search of a quasi-Newton method. Two of the updating methods are shown to be linearly convergent locally, while a third method has superlinear convergence locally. Modifications of the algorithms to ensure global convergence are considered. The results of a computational comparison with other methods are presented.
3.	Handler, Reinhard, 1979-, et al. (författare) Open Data, Crowdsourcing and Game Mechanics : A case study on civic participation in the digital age 2016 Ingår i: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 0925-9724 .- 1573-7551. ; 25:2-3, s. 153-166 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this paper is to shed light on the dynamics of civic participation, media agency, anddata practices. To do so we analyse an investigative journalism story run by The Guardian that combinedopen data, crowdsourcing and game mechanics with the purpose of engaging readers. The case studyhighlights how data can be made accessible to people who usually do not have access; how game mechanicscan be deployed in order to foster civic participation by offering users a sense of autonomy, competence andrelatedness; and how crowdsourcing can organise a large group of people into achieving a common goal. Thecombination of these three elements resulted in a case for civic participation in the digital era.
4.	Huang, Junchi, et al. (författare) Osteoclasts directly influence castration-resistant prostate cancer cells 2022 Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis. - : Springer Nature. - 0262-0898 .- 1573-7276. ; 39:5, s. 801-814 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Metastasis to bone is the leading cause of death from prostate cancer. Interaction between tumor cells and bone cells can promote progression and influence tumor phenotype. It is known that prostate cancer cells support osteoclast differentiation, and degradation of bone matrix by osteoclasts releases growth factors stimulating tumor cell proliferation and invasion. In the present study osteolytic (PC-3) and osteoblastic (LNCaP-19) castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells were co-cultured with mature osteoclasts or their precursor cells (RAW 264.7) to characterize direct effects of mature osteoclasts on CRPC cells. Osteoclasts increased proliferation and decrease apoptosis of CRPC cells as assessed with flow cytometry. RNA sequencing revealed that osteolytic CRPC cells were more responsive to osteoclast stimulation regarding gene expression, but the overall induced expression patterns were similar between the prostate cancer cell lines. Genes related to DNA repair were upregulated by osteoclasts, while genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and cholesterol synthesis were downregulated. The results of this study shows that osteoclasts directly influence CRPC cells, increasing proliferation, decreasing apoptosis, and affecting gene expression pathways that can affect sensitivity to DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum function. This suggests targeting of osteoclasts to be a possible way to affect efficacy of other drugs by combination regimens in treating prostate cancer metastases.
5.	Larsson, Pia, 1978, et al. (författare) Histone deacetylase inhibitors stimulate tissue-type plasminogen activator production in vascular endothelial cells. 2013 Ingår i: Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-742X .- 0929-5305. ; 35:2, s. 185-92 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A reduced capacity for acute tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release is likely to be associated with an impaired endogenous defense against intravascular thrombosis. Efficient approaches to pharmacologically restore a defective t-PA release have been lacking, but recent observations suggest that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) enhance t-PA production in vitro. HDACis have diverse chemical structures and different HDAC-enzyme sub-class targeting. We here compared the effects of several clinically used HDACis on t-PA production in endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to a panel of 11 different HDACis and t-PA mRNA and protein levels were quantified. All HDACis dose-dependently stimulated t-PA mRNA and protein expression with similar maximal efficacy but with different potencies. Already at low concentrations, the majority of inhibitors caused significant and sustained effects on t-PA production. In addition, selected HDACis were capable of normalizing t-PA production when suppressed by the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. We conclude that HDACis targeting classical HDAC enzymes are powerful inducers of t-PA expression in cultured endothelial cells and could be promising candidates for pharmacological modulation of endogenous fibrinolysis in man.
6.	Andersson, Camilla, 1979-, et al. (författare) Inter-annual variations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide over Europe during 1958-2003 simulated with a regional CTM 2007 Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - Netherlands : Springer. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932 .- 1567-7230 .- 1573-2940. ; 7, s. 15-23 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Abstract Inter-annual variability of surface ozone(O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over Europe hasbeen studied over the period 1958-2003 using athree-dimensional Chemistry-Transport Model coupledto meteorological data from the ERA40 data setproduced at the European Centre of Medium-rangeWeather Forecasts (ECMWF). Emissions and boundaryconditions were kept at present levels throughoutthe simulation period. It was found that the annualmean NO2 concentration varies between ±50% andthe summer mean O3 concentration varies between-10 and +20 percent (%) compared to the 46-yearaverage over the model domain. There is alsovariation in ozone and NO2 over longer time scales.The last 22 years display high concentrations ofozone in central and south-western Europe and lowconcentrations in north-eastern Europe. The first22 years display very high concentrations of NO2over the North Sea. There is indication of trends inozone and nitrogen dioxide but this has to beinvestigated further. Such information is one factorthat should be taken into account when consideringfuture control strategies.
7.	Aldén, Lina, 1979-, et al. (författare) Immigrant-native differences in long-term self-employment 2022 Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 58:3, s. 1661-1697 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We study immigrant-native differences in long-term self-employment in Sweden combining population-wide register data and a unique survey targeting a large representative sample of the total population of long-term self-employment. Using the registers, we analyze the evolution of labor and capital incomes during the first 10 years following self-employment entry. We find that immigrant-native differences in labor income become smaller, whereas immigrant-native differences in capital income grow stronger, over the course of self-employment. These findings are robust to controlling for factors such as organizational form and type of industry. We use the survey data to gain further insights into immigrant-native differences among the long-term self-employed, and show that immigrant self-employed experience more problems and earn less, but work harder than native self-employed. They also have a less personal relation to their customers, do not enjoy their work as much as natives, and appear to have different perspectives on self-employment in general.
8.	Ampel, Linda, 1979-, et al. (författare) Diatom assemblage dynamics during abrupt climate change : The response oflacustrine diatoms to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles during the last glacialperiod 2010 Ingår i: Journal of Paleolimnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-2728 .- 1573-0417. ; 44:2, s. 397-404 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The sedimentary record from the paleolake at Les Echets in eastern France allowed a reconstruction of the lacustrine response to several abrupt climate shifts during the last glacial period referred to as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) cycles. The high-resolution diatom stratigraphy has revealed distinct species turnover events and large fluctuations in stable oxygen isotope values in diatom frustules, as a response to DO climate variability. More or less identical species compositions became re-established during each DO stadial and interstadial phases, respectively. However, the relative abundance of the most dominant species within these assemblages varies and might indicate differences in climatic conditions. Interstadial phases are characterized by identical species successions. Transitions from stadial to interstadial conditions show a distinct Fragilaria-Cyclotella succession, which resembles the diatom regime shifts that have been recognized in some lakes in the Northern Hemisphere since the mid-nineteenth century.
9.	Arnell, Linda, 1979-, et al. (författare) Children’s Talk About Fathers’ Regret : Making Sense of Fathers’ Violence Against Mothers 2023 Ingår i: Journal of family Violence. - : Springer. - 0885-7482 .- 1573-2851. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate children’s sense-making about their fathers’ attitudes about using violence against the child’s mother. More specifically, we examine various ways in which the children reflect on whether, and if so how, their father showed regret.Method: This study used data from interviews with 31 children (14 boys and 17 girls) aged between 10 and 14 years, using a semi-structured interview guide. The children’s narratives were analyzed using discourse analysis.Results: We found that most of the children in this study positioned their fathers as regretful in relation to two discourses—on violence and on fatherhood—that are prominent in the interviews. Some children, however, positioned their fathers as inconsistent or non-regretful, saying they did not express regret emotionally, did not change their behavior, did not communicate regret, or communicated it in a self-contradictory way. In their narratives the children sometimes used interpretative repertoires—about feelings, actions, and communication—to explain why they thought their father did or did not regret his use of violence.Conclusion: Positioning one’s father as regretful after having committed IPV can be a way to make the father’s attitudes about the violence understandable, both to the children and to others. Discourses on violence and fatherhood can, however, constrain children’s narratives about their fathers’ violence, which is important to keep in mind when working with children who have been exposed to IPV and making decisions that concern them.
10.	Arnell, Linda, 1979-, et al. (författare) Young Children’s Lives at Domestic Violence Shelters : Mothers’ Perspectives on Their Children’s Experiences 2023 Ingår i: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. - : Springer. - 0738-0151 .- 1573-2797. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze mothers’ narratives about their children’s life situation while living at domestic violence shelters in Sweden. More precisely, the analysis focuses on determining what aspects are highlighted as being most important for the children’s living situation during their stay.Method: This study is based on interviews with mothers who have experience of living at a domestic violence shelter together with their young child/ren. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the narratives.Results: The analysis resulted in seven themes important for the children’s lives during their shelter stay. These are: safety, isolation, a child-friendly environment, shared living space, social relations at the shelter, children’s health during their stay, and support at the shelter.Conclusion: In the narratives, safety was highlighted as the most important issue, and as something that also affects other aspects of the children’s lives during their time at the shelter. A child-friendly environment, access to activities and support, and positive social relations at the shelter are also important. In addition, positive experiences regarding these aspects can be understood to counteract the feeling of isolation and improve children’s ability to process their experiences.
11.	Augustine, Lilly, 1979-, et al. (författare) The Role of Disability in the Relationship Between Mental Health and Bullying: A Focused, Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies 2022 Ingår i: Child Psychiatry & Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Having both a disability and being bullied increases the risk of later mental health issues. Children with disabilities are at greater risk of being bullied and therefore at greater risk of adverse mental health outcomes. We conducted a limited systematic review of longitudinal studies focusing on the role of disability in relation to bullying and mental health problems. Twelve studies with an initial measure of mental health or disorder, measured no later than 10 years of age, were found. Ten of these twelve studies suggested that having a disability before victimisation increased the impact of mental health problems measured after bullying experiences. The conclusion is that children with a disability, such as behavioural problems, have an increased risk of later mental health problems through bullying victimization. Children with two risk factors had significantly worse mental health outcomes. These additional mental health problems may be alleviated through reduced bullying victimisation.
12.	Bennerstedt, Ulrika, 1979, et al. (författare) Knowing the Way. Managing Epistemic Topologies in Virtual Game Worlds 2010 Ingår i: 'Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). An International Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0925-9724 .- 1573-7551. ; 19:2, s. 201-230 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This is a study of interaction in massively multiplayer online games. The general interest concerns how action is coordinated in practices that neither rely on the use of talk-in-interaction nor on a socially present living body. For the participants studied, the use of text typed chat and the largely underexplored domain of virtual actions remain as materials on which to build consecutive action. How, then, members of these games can and do collaborate, in spite of such apparent interactional deprivation, are the topics of the study. More specifically, it addresses the situated practices that participants rely on in order to monitor other players’ conduct, and through which online actions become recognizable as specific actions with implications for the further achievement of the collaborative events. The analysis shows that these practices share the common phenomenon of projections. As an interactional phenomenon, projection of the next action has been extensively studied. In relation to previous research, this study shows that the projection of a next action can be construed with resources that do not build on turns-at-talk or on actions immediately stemming from the physical body—in the domain of online games, players project activity shifts by means of completely different resources. This observation further suggests that projection should be possible through the reconfiguration of any material, on condition that those reconfigurations and materials are recurrent aspects of some established practice.
13.	Berg, Monika, 1979-, et al. (författare) Pathways to deliberative capacity : the role of the IPCC 2018 Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 148:1-2, s. 11-24 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article explores the arguments for expanding deliberation in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and scrutinizes their implications for the deliberative capacity of global environmental governance (GEG). An analysis of the IPCC is presented that builds on a systematic literature review and thus a broad set of scientific debates concerning the IPCC. Based on this analysis, two different paths are outlined, one moderate and one radical; these paths ascribe different democratizing functions to the IPCC and rely on different epistemologies. The moderate path emphasizes decision capacity, whereas the radical path strives to create deliberative space and to identify the value inherent in different claims. It is argued that the IPCC cannot accommodate the aspirations of these different pathways in a single assessment. Parallel assessments must be developed in complementary subject areas with different science-policy relations.
14.	Berge, Maria, 1979-, et al. (författare) Characterising learning interactions : a study of university students solving physics problems in groups 2013 Ingår i: Research in science education. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 0157-244X .- 1573-1898. ; 43:3, s. 1177-1196 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The purpose of this article is to explore how a group of four university physics students addressed mechanics problems, in terms of student direction of attention, problem solving strategies and their establishment of and ways of interacting. Adapted from positioning theory, the concepts ‘positioning’ and ‘storyline’ are used to describe and to analyse student interaction. Focused on how the students position the physics problems, themselves, and each other, the analyses produced five different storylines. The dominant storyline deals with how the students handled the problem solving, whilst two other storylines characterise alternative ways of handling the physics problems, whereas the two remaining storylines are concerned with how students positioned themselves and others—as either funny and/or knowledgeable physics students—and constitute different aspects of the physics community. Finally, the storylines are discussed in relation to the pedagogical situation, with recommendations made for teaching practice and future research.
15.	Berge, Maria, 1979- (författare) The Role of Humor in Learning Physics : a Study of Undergraduate Students 2017 Ingår i: Research in science education. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0157-244X .- 1573-1898. ; 47:2, s. 427-450 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We all know that they do it, but what do students laugh about when learning science together? Although research has shown that students do use humor when they learn science, the role of humor in science education has received little attention. In this study, undergraduate students’ laughter during collaborative work in physics has been investigated. In order to do this, a framework inspired by conversation analysis has been used. Empirical data was drawn from two video-recorded sessions in which first-year engineering students solved physics problems together. The analysis revealed that the students’ use of humor was almost exclusively related to physics. Five themes identified summarize the role of humor in the group discussions: Something is obvious, Something is difficult, Something said might be wrong, Something is absurd, and Something said is not within informal norms.This study shows that humor may contribute not only to a good working atmosphere and thereby to the students’ learning but also how humor interrelates with both disciplinary culture of physics and its epistemology. The students do not only create and re-create humor that facilitates their social interactions, but through humor they constitute local norms of science and engage with the disciplinary discourse.
16.	Bergh, Niklas, 1979, et al. (författare) A new biomechanical perfusion system for ex vivo study of small biological intact vessels 2005 Ingår i: Ann Biomed Eng. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0090-6964. ; 33:12, s. 1808-18 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The vascular endothelium transduces physical stimuli within the circulation into physiological responses, which influence vascular remodelling and tissue homeostasis. Therefore, a new computerized biomechanical ex vivo perfusion system was developed, in which small intact vessels can be perfused under well-defined biomechanical forces. The system enables monitoring and regulation of vessel lumen diameter, shear stress, mean pressure, variable pulsatile pressure and flow profile, and diastolic reversal flow. Vessel lumen measuring technique is based on detection of the amount of flourescein over a vessel segment. A combination of flow resistances, on/off switches, and capacitances creates a wide range of pulsatile pressures and flow profiles. Accuracy of the diameter measurement was evaluated. The diameters of umbilical arteries were measured and compared with direct ultrasonographic measurement of the vessel diameter. As part of the validation the pulsatile pressure waveform was altered, e.g., in terms of pulse pressure, frequency, diastolic shape, and diastolic reversal flow. In a series of simulation experiments, the hemodynamic homeostasis functions of the system were successfully challenged by generating a wide range of vascular diameters in artificial and intact human vessels. We conclude that the system presented may serve as a methodological and technical platform when performing advanced hemodynamic stimulation protocols.
17.	Bergseth, Ellen, 1979-, et al. (författare) Study of Surface Roughness on Friction in Rolling/Sliding Contacts : Ball-on-Disc Versus Twin-Disc 2020 Ingår i: Tribology letters. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1023-8883 .- 1573-2711. ; 68:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Although the efficiency of a gear pair is currently high, a better understanding of surface/lubricant contribution on efficiency is critical. Electrified drivelines will, for example, impose higher speed and alternate loading, and it is expected that these new conditions will, to a greater extent, rely on the surface/lubricant characteristics. Phenomena taking place in the gear contact is often measured using ball-on-disc and twin-disc tribometers. In this study, these two test set-ups were compared in order to assess differences in the behaviour of surface/lubricant interactions. Results showed that ball-on-disc and twin-disc set-ups reflect the same friction trends. However, the friction results differed by a factor of roughly two, even though the tribometers were set-up to run at the same contact pressure. The wear mechanisms also differed: micropits occurred on discs used in the twin-disc set-up, whereas normal or no wear was found on the ball-on-disc specimens. The contact conditions for the two test set-ups were also analysed using a numerical model. The comparison of these two machines may aid gear designers in selecting the proper experimental set-up for their purpose.
18.	Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al. (författare) Is there a relationship between socio-economic factors and biodiversity in urban ponds? : A study in the city of Stockholm 2017 Ingår i: Urban Ecosystems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1083-8155 .- 1573-1642. ; 20:6, s. 1209-1220 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Urban small water bodies, such as ponds, are essential elements of human socio-economic landscapes. Ponds also provide important habitats for species that would otherwise not survive in the urban environment. Knowledge on the biodiversity of urban ponds and the relationship between their ecological value and factors linked to urbanization and socio-economic status is crucial for decisions on where and how to establish and manage ponds in cities to deliver maximum biodiversity benefits. Our study investigates if the pattern of urban-pond biodiversity can be related to different socio-economic factors, such as level of wealth, education or percentage of buildings of different types. Because of lack of previous studies investigating that, our study is of exploratory character and many different variables are used. We found that the biodiversity of aquatic insects was significantly negatively associated with urbanisation variables such as amount of buildings and number of residents living around ponds. This relationship did not differ depending on the spatial scale of our investigation. In contrast, we did not find a significant relationship with variables representing socio-economic status, such as education level and wealth of people. This latter result suggests that the socio-economic status of residents does not lead to any particular effect in terms of the management and function of ponds that would affect biodiversity. However, there is a need for a finer-scale investigation of the different potential mechanism in which residents in areas with differing socio-economic status could indirectly influence ponds.
19.	Boll, Torben, 1979, et al. (författare) Grain Boundary Chemistry and Transport Through Alumina Scales on NiAl Alloys 2017 Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 88:3-4, s. 469-479 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract It is widely accepted that the growth of protective ?-Al2O3 scales on Ni-based alloys is governed by the inward diffusion of oxygen through the oxide grain boundaries (GB). However, there is also some outward diffusion of metal ions to the surface, but it is difficult to quantify. In this work we apply atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the outward flux of Al, which manifests as the growth of small ridges along the alumina GBs after the removal of the outermost oxide layer by mechanical polishing or focused ion beam techniques followed by additional oxidation. As a model alumina-former, NiAl with Hf and Zr additions was investigated. In comparison to Zr, Hf was found to reduce the outward Al diffusion. This outward diffusion was six orders of magnitude smaller than the O inward diffusion.
20.	Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al. (författare) State-Dependent Enforcement to Foster the Adoption of New Technologies 2015 Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 62:2, s. 359-381 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Harrington (J Public Econ 37:29–53, 1988) shows that a suitable strategy for regulators to make enforcement more efficient is to target surveillance resources according to past compliance records. Such scheme generates enforcement leverage as non-compliance triggers greater future scrutiny increasing the expected costs of non-compliance beyond the avoidance of immediate fines. In this paper, we propose an improved transition structure for the audit framework, in which targeting is based not only on firms’ past compliance record but also on adoption of environmentally superior technologies. We show that this transition structure would not only foster the adoption of new technology but also increase deterrence by changing the composition of firms in the industry toward an increased fraction of cleaner firms that pollute and violate less.
21.	Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al. (författare) Transaction Costs of Upstream Versus Downstream Pricing of CO2 Emissions 2019 Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 72:4, s. 965-1001 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper comparing empirically the transaction costs of the monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) required by two environmental regulations aimed to cost-efficiently reduce greenhouse gas emissions: a carbon dioxide (CO2) tax and an emissions trading system. We do this in the case of Sweden, where a set of firms are covered by both types of regulations—the Swedish CO2 tax and the European Union’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). Our results indicate that there is a significant degree of heterogeneity in the transaction costs of the firms in our sample. Moreover, for some of the firms, the transaction costs are high when compared with the actual cost of the CO2 tax and the price of the EU ETS. Furthermore, we find that the MRV costs are lower for CO2 taxation than for the EU ETS, which confirms the general view that regulating emissions upstream via a CO2 tax yields lower transaction costs vis-á-vis downstream regulation via emissions trading.
22.	Cronie, Ottmar, 1979, et al. (författare) Inhomogeneous higher-order summary statistics for point processes on linear networks 2020 Ingår i: Statistics and computing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0960-3174 .- 1573-1375. ; 30, s. 1221-1239 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract As a workaround for the lack of transitive transformations on linear network structures, which are required to consider different notions of distributional invariance, including stationarity, we introduce the notions of pseudostationarity and intensity reweighted moment pseudostationarity for point processes on linear networks. Moreover, using arbitrary so-called regular linear network distances, e.g. the Euclidean and the shortest-path distance, we further propose geometrically corrected versions of different higher-order summary statistics, including the inhomogeneous empty space function, the inhomogeneous nearest neighbour distance distribution function and the inhomogeneous J-function. Such summary statistics detect interactions of order higher than two. We also discuss their nonparametric estimators and through a simulation study, considering models with different types of spatial interaction and different networks, we study the performance of our proposed summary statistics by means of envelopes. Our summary statistic estimators manage to capture clustering, regularity as well as Poisson process independence. Finally, we make use of our new summary statistics to analyse two different datasets: motor vehicle traffic accidents and spiderwebs.
23.	Dahlgren, Kristin, 1979-, et al. (författare) Influence of plankton structure and temperature on pelagic food web efficiency in a brackish water system 2011 Ingår i: Aquatic Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-2588 .- 1573-5125. ; 45, s. 307-323 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract As part of one climate change scenario, water temperature as well as the ratio between heterotrophic and autotrophic production is expected to increase; the latter at least in higher latitudes. In order to test how this scenario would affect organisms, such as metazooplankton, at higher trophic levels and carbon transfer up the food chain, a mesocosm experiment was performed at two different temperatures; 5 and 10°C, with two food webs; one phytoplankton-based (NP; autotrophic) and one bacteria-based (CNP; heterotrophic). The groups of pelagic organisms included in the mesocosms were bacteria, flagellates, ciliates, phytoplankton and metazooplankton. Metazooplankton production was observed to increase with temperature, but was not significantly affected by food web structure. A change in food web structure, i.e. increased heterotrophy, did however lead to decreased fatty acid content and lower individual weight of the metazooplankton. Food web efficiency (FWE), defined as metazooplankton production divided by basal production, increased with autotrophy and temperature: 5CNP (0.2%) < 10CNP (0.4%) < 5NP (1.2%) < 10NP (7.3%). Our results indicate that in the climate change scenario under consideration, the temperature will have a positive effect on FWE whereas the increase in heterotrophy will have a negative effect on FWE. Furthermore, the quality, in terms of fatty acid content and individual weight of the metazooplankton, will be reduced with possible negative effects on higher trophic levels.
24.	Erikson, Josefina, 1979-, et al. (författare) How platforms facilitate collaboration across organizational boundaries : fighting human trafficking in Sweden 2020 Ingår i: Policy sciences. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0032-2687 .- 1573-0891. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The use of collaborations and partnerships that engage a variety of actors from both the public and private spheres has drawn attention during the last decade as a promising strategy for combatting trafficking and improving assistance to victims of trafficking. This article investigates the Swedish Civil Society Platform against Human Trafficking as an example of successful collaboration between civil society actors. The aim is to explore how the platform as a distinct organizational form is capable of dealing productively with some of the challenges facing internal and external collaboration. We utilize interviews with key actors and a study of policy documents as we argue that the modularity and flexibility of the platform organizational form are key factors in its success. While it is a robust type of organization that may be regarded as a trustworthy partner, it also permits its member organizations to continue functioning as independent entities.
25.	Felth, Jenny, 1979-, et al. (författare) Gambogic acid is cytotoxic to cancer cells through inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system 2013 Ingår i: Investigational new drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6997 .- 1573-0646. ; 31:3, s. 587-598 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Gambogic acid (GA), displays cytotoxicity towards a wide variety of tumor cells and has been shown to affect many important cell-signaling pathways. In the present work, we investigated the mechanism of action of GA by analysis of drug-induced changes in gene expression profiles and identified GA and the derivative dihydro GA as possible inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Both GA and dihydro GA inhibited proteasome function in cells resulting in the accumulation of polyubiquitin complexes. In vitro experiments showed that both GA and dihydro GA inhibited 20S chymotrypsin activity and the inhibitory effects of GA and dihydro GA on proteasome function corresponded with apoptosis induction and cell death. In conclusion, our results show that GA and dihydro GA exert their cytotoxic activity through inhibition of the UPS, specifically by acting as inhibitors of the chymotrypsin activity of the 20S proteasome.
26.	Fu, Huamei, 1979, et al. (författare) A bactericidal cecropin-A peptide with a stabilized alpha-helical structure possess an increased killing capacity but no proinflammatory activity 2004 Ingår i: Inflammation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0360-3997 .- 1573-2576. ; 28:6, s. 337-43 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Antibacterial peptides are part of the innate immune system in a variety of different species including humans. Some of these peptides have also been shown to have effects on immune competent cells such as professional phagocytes. We have recently shown that a cecropin-like peptide from Helicobacter pylori, Hp(2-20), in addition to being bactericidal possesses proinflammatory effects and can recruit and activate neutrophils as well as monocytes. It is well established that cecropins have the ability to adopt amphipathic alpha-helices, which is thought to be required for their bactericidal activity. In this study we show the same structural requirements for Hp(2-20). Breaking the helical structure of Hp(2-20) reduced the antibacterial effect and abolished its proinflammatory activity. A C-terminal truncated cecropin A peptide that highly resembles Hp(2-20) failed to activate neutrophils and computer-based structural simulations revealed a difference between the two peptides in the stability of their helical structures. A hybrid peptide with amino acid substitutions stabilizing the alpha-helical structure of the truncated cecropin A peptide did not introduce any proinflammatory activity; the bactericidal activity was, however, increased. We thus conclude that the proinflammatory effect of Hp(2-20) is a unique sequence-specific feature of the peptide and the ability to adopt a stable amphipathic helix is a necessary but not sufficient criterion for the functional dualism of the peptide.
27.	Granlund, David, 1979- (författare) Electoral accountability in a two-tiered government country 2011 Ingår i: Public Choice. - : Springer Science and Business Media. - 0048-5829 .- 1573-7101. ; 148:3-, s. 531-546 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In democracies, elections are the primary mechanism for making politicians act in voters’ interests, but voters are unable to prevent that some resources are diverted to political rents. With two levels of government, the rents are reduced if voters require higher beneficial public expenditures for reelecting incumbents. Voters can also strengthen their power by holding politicians liable also for decisions made by the other level of government. When the incumbent at one level acts as a Stackelberg leader with respect to the other, there is no risk of this leading to Leviathan policies on the part of the incumbents.
28.	Granlund, David, 1979- (författare) Sickness absence and health care in an economic federation 2007 Ingår i: International Tax and Public Finance. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0927-5940 .- 1573-6970. ; 14:4, s. 503-524 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper addresses vertical fiscal externalities in a model where the state governments provide health care and the federal government provides a sickness benefit. Both levels of government tax labor income and policy decisions affect labor income as well as participation in the labor market. The results show that the vertical externality affecting the state governments' policy decisions can be either positive or negative depending on, among other things, the wage elasticity of labor supply and the marginal product of expenditure on health care. Moreover, it is proved that the vertical fiscal externality will not vanish by assigning all powers of taxation to the states.
29.	Granlund, David, 1979-, et al. (författare) The prescribing physician's influence on consumer choice between medically equivalent pharmaceuticals 2012 Ingår i: Review of Industrial Organization. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 0889-938X .- 1573-7160. ; 41:3, s. 207-222 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper reports on a study of the prescribing physician's influence on consumers' choice between medically equivalent pharmaceuticals. The study was performed using a dataset of 666,000 observations in which consumers were asked whether they were prepared to pay the price difference in order to obtain the prescribed pharmaceutical instead of the cheapest available substitute. The main results support the hypothesis that prescribing physicians have an impact on consumers' choice between medically equivalent pharmaceutical products.
30.	Granlund, David, 1979- (författare) The Price Effects of Competition from Parallel Imports and Therapeutic Alternatives : Using Dynamic Models to Estimate the Causal Effect on the Extensive and Intensive Margins 2022 Ingår i: Review of Industrial Organization. - : Springer. - 0889-938X .- 1573-7160. ; 60, s. 63-92 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper studies responses to competition with the use of dynamic models that distinguish between short- and long-term price effects. The dynamic models also allow lagged numbers of competitors to become valid and strong instruments for the current numbers, which enables studying the causal effects using flexible specifications. A first parallel trader is found to decrease prices of exchangeable products by 7% in the long term. On the other hand, prices do not respond to the first competitor that sells therapeutic alternatives; but competition from four or more competitors that sell on-patent therapeutic alternatives decreases prices by about 10% in the long term.
31.	Grundström, Maria, 1979, et al. (författare) The relationship between birch pollen, air pollution and weather types and their effect on antihistamine purchase in two Swedish cities 2017 Ingår i: Aerobiologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-5965 .- 1573-3025. ; 33:4, s. 457-471 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract © 2017 The Author(s)Exposure to elevated air pollution levels can aggravate pollen allergy symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between airborne birch (Betula) pollen, urban air pollutants NO2, O3 and PM10 and their effects on antihistamine demand in Gothenburg and Malmö, Sweden, 2006–2012. Further, the influence of large-scale weather pattern on pollen-/pollution-related risk, using Lamb weather types (LWTs), was analysed. Daily LWTs were obtained by comparing the atmospheric pressure over a 16-point grid system over southern Sweden (scale ~3000 km). They include two non-directional types, cyclonic (C) and anticyclonic (A) and eight directional types depending on the wind direction (N, NE, E…). Birch pollen levels were exceptionally high under LWTs E and SE in both cities. Furthermore, LWTs with dry and moderately calm meteorological character (A, NE, E, SE) were associated with strongly elevated air pollution (NO2 and PM10) in Gothenburg. For most weather situations in both cities, simultaneously high birch pollen together with high air pollution had larger over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antihistamines than situations with high birch pollen alone. LWTs NE, E, SE and S had the highest OTC sales in both cities. In Gothenburg, the city with a higher load of both birch pollen and air pollution, the higher OTC sales were especially obvious and indicate an increased effect on allergic symptoms from air pollution. Furthermore, Gothenburg LWTs A, NE, E and SE were associated with high pollen and air pollution levels and thus classified as high-risk weather types. In Malmö, corresponding high-risk LWTs were NE, E, SE and S. Furthermore, occurrence of high pollen and air pollutants as well as OTC sales correlated strongly with vapour pressure deficit and temperature in Gothenburg (much less so in Malmö). This provides evidence that the combination of meteorological properties associated with LWTs can explain high levels of birch pollen and air pollution. Our study shows that LWTs represent a useful tool for integrated daily air quality forecasting/warning.
32.	Gräns, Albin, 1979, et al. (författare) A fully implantable multi-channel biotelemetry system for measurement of blood flow and temperature: A first evaluation in the green sturgeon 2009 Ingår i: Hydrobiologia.. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 619:1, s. 11-25 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel fully implantable radio-based blood flow biotelemetry system which allows simultaneously measurement of blood flow on two channels and temperature on one channel, in fish. These are the first recordings of blood flow from free-swimming fish, showing that the system is capable of recording blood flow in the ventral aorta (cardiac output) and celiacomesenteric artery (gastrointestinal blood flow) in green sturgeon Acipenser medirostris exposed to a series of different stimuli for up to 7 days after implantation. The results showed stable base line recordings and blood flow was used to calculated heart rate (f H) and stroke volume (V s). It was possible to reproduce the same type of responses as has previously been reported during exposure to hypoxia, temperature, stress and feeding. The mass of our implant was less than 2% of the body mass which is well within the recommended sizes for surgically implanted telemetry transmitters and it fitted easily within the abdominal cavity of the sturgeon. A fully implantable system minimizes the risk of infection/expulsion and maximizes the likelihood that the studied fish will behave naturally and be treated normally by surrounding fish. The use of biotelemetry in basic comparative physiology and applied animal ecology could help scientists to collect information that has previously been challenging to obtain and to open the possibility for new types of physiological and ecophysiological studies.
33.	Gunnarson, Martin, 1979-, et al. (författare) Ethico-Political Aspects of Conceptualizing Screening : The Case of Dementia 2021 Ingår i: Health Care Analysis. - : Springer. - 1065-3058 .- 1573-3394. ; 29, s. 343-359 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract While the value of early detection of dementia is largely agreed upon, populationbased screening as a means of early detection is controversial. This controversial status means that such screening is not recommended in most national dementia plans. Some current practices, however, resemble screening but are labelled “casefinding” or “detection of cognitive impairment”. Labelled as such, they may avoid the ethical scrutiny that population-based screening may be subject to. This article examines conceptualizations of screening and case-finding. It shows how the definitions and delimitations of the concepts (the what of screening) are drawn into the ethical, political, and practical dimensions that screening assessment criteria or principles are intended to clarify and control (the how of screening, how it is and how it should be performed). As a result, different conceptualizations of screening provide the opportunity to rethink what ethical assessments should take place: the conceptualizations have different ethico-political implications. The article argues that population- based systematic screening, population-based opportunistic screening, and case-finding should be clearly distinguished.
34.	Harring, Niklas, 1979, et al. (författare) Higher education, norm development, and environmental protection 2020 Ingår i: Higher Education. - : Springer. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 79:2, s. 291-305 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract There is a debate on whether higher education in the social sciences generates stronger democratic and environmental norms among students. In our study, we focus on students’ perceptions about legitimate rule in the case of environmental protection. We contribute to this debate by using a unique longitudinal data set from seven universities and university colleges in Sweden. Our results show that higher education in the social sciences does not generate stronger democratic or environmental norms, at least not in the case of environmental protection. We discuss why this is the case and refine our results further by looking at individual-level factors, such as gender and ideology.
35.	Hörberg, Thomas, 1979- (författare) Influences of form and function on the acceptability of projective prepositions in Swedish 2008 Ingår i: Spatial Cognition and Computation. - London : Psychology Press. - 1387-5868 .- 1573-9252 .- 1542-7633. ; 8:3, s. 193-218 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Projective prepositions express the relation between two objects by referring to a direction in space and have traditionally been regarded as expressing purely geometric relations. Recent studies have shown that the appropriateness of English and Spanish projectives also depends on functional relations between objects. This study investigates if the acceptability of the Swedish projectives över, under, ovanför and nedanför are influenced by functional factors as well, and whether över and under are differentially influenced by function than ovanför and nedanför, as has been shown for their English cognates. It also investigates how the shape and parts of the related objects influence their functional interaction, and thereby the acceptability of the prepositions. This is done with respect to the predictions of the AVS-model, a model of the perceptual processes underlying the apprehension of projectives, which takes both the geometric and the functional relation between objects into account. It was found that acceptability judgments about the prepositions are influenced by function as their corresponding English and Spanish prepositions. The acceptability of över was more sensitive to function than ovanför, whereas under and nedanför were not differentially influenced by function, as has been shown for Spanish. It was further found that the shape and parts of both of the related objects influence acceptability regions associated with the prepositions in predictable ways, as functional interactions between objects largely depend on their parts. The results finally show that the AVS-model needs to be further developed in order to account for the form and function of the located object.
36.	Jansson, Lena, 1979, et al. (författare) No direct binding of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli to E. coli lipopolysaccharides. 2009 Ingår i: Glycoconjugate journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4986 .- 0282-0080. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A novel carbohydrate binding site recognizing blood group A and B determinants in a hybrid of cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B-subunits (termed LCTBK) has previously been described, and also the native heat-labile enterotoxin bind to some extent to blood group A/B terminated glycoconjugates. The blood group antigen binding site is located at the interface of the B-subunits. Interestingly, the same area of the B-subunits has been proposed to be involved in binding of the heat-labile enterotoxin to lipopolysaccharides on the bacterial cell surface. Binding of the toxin to lipopolysaccharides does not affect the GM1 binding capacity. The present study aimed at characterizing the relationship between the blood group A/B antigen binding site and the lipopolysaccharide binding site. However, no binding of the B-subunits to E. coli lipopolysaccharides in microtiter wells or on thin-layer chromatograms was obtained. Incubation with lipopolysaccharides did not affect the binding of the B-subunits of heat-labile enterotoxin of human isolates to blood group A-carrying glycosphingolipids, indicating that the blood group antigen site is not involved in LPS binding. However, the saccharide competition experiments showed that GM1 binding reduced the affinity for blood group A determinants and vice versa, suggesting that a concurrent occupancy of the two binding sites does not occur. The latter finding is related to a connection between the blood group antigen binding site and the GM1 binding site through residues interacting with both ligands.
37.	Jezierska, Katarzyna, 1979, et al. (författare) Social movements seen as radical political actors. The case of the Polish tenants’ movement 2018 Ingår i: VOLUNTAS - International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-8765 .- 1573-7888. ; 29:4, s. 683-696 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article casts new light on the processes of collective claims and identity formation in social movements, with the help of the radical political framework of Laclau and Mouffe (Hegemony and socialist strategy: towards a radical democratic politics, Verso, London, 2001). Polish tenants, classified as ‘‘losers’’ of transition and marginalized in the mainstream discourse, nevertheless act collectively, mobilizing alliances with other democratic struggles and thus challenge the hegemony of neoliberal dogmas in the country. The very fact of mobilization of a socially and economically deprived group demanding the right to the city is provocative in the studied context. The empirical foundations of our study are 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with Polish tenants’ activists cross-referenced with media material produced by and about the movement, and previous studies on the topic. The contribution of this article is twofold: it combines social movement theory with radical political framework and fills the empirical gap in the body of literature on social movements in post-socialist Europe.
38.	Johansson, Viktor, 1979- (författare) Questions from the Rough Ground : Teaching, Autobiography and the Cosmopolitan ‘‘I’’ 2015 Ingår i: Studies in Philosophy and Education. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0039-3746 .- 1573-191X. ; 34:5, s. 441-458 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article I explore how cosmopolitanism can be a challenge for ordinary language philosophy. I also explore cosmopolitan aspects of Stanley Cavell’s ordinary language philosophy. Beginning by considering the moral aspects of cosmopolitanism and some examples of discussions of cosmopolitanism in philosophy of education, I turn to the scene of instruction in Wittgenstein and to Stanley Cavell’s emphasis on the role of autobiography in philosophy. The turn to the autobiographical dimension of ordinary language philosophy, especially its use of “I” and “We”, becomes a way to work on the tension between the particular and the universal claims of cosmopolitanism. I show that the autobiographical aspects of philosophy and the philosophical significance of autobiographical writing in ordinary language philosophy can be seen as a test of representativeness—a test of the ground upon which one stands when saying “I”, “We” and “You.”
39.	Karlsson, Tom, 1979, et al. (författare) Higher Education Marketization: a Case of Language and Colliding Interests 2021 Ingår i: Public Organization Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1566-7170 .- 1573-7098. ; 21, s. 69-83 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This article examines how market interests and state regulations come into play as policy makers engage in establishing language primacy within higher education (HE). More specifically, the focus concerns issues of internationalization within a multi-lingual context, manifested in language policies (LP). LPs are constructed in order to sort out which language to give primacy. Findings demonstrate how HE is balancing between invoking markets obfuscated through internationalization whilst simultaneously restricting market effects through state regulations. The promulgation of certain languages supports and weakens market and state interests. This article contributes to research and practice in HE, presenting future obstacles and challenges.
40.	Kitts, Catherine, 1979, et al. (författare) A spectroscopic study of 2-[4′-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]-benzothiazole Binding to Insulin Amyloid Fibrils 2010 Ingår i: Journal of Fluorescence. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4994 .- 1053-0509. ; 20:4, s. 881-889 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The spectroscopic properties of 2-[4′-(dimethylamino)phenyl]- benzothiazole (BTA-2) in solution and in the presence of amyloid fibrils were investigated using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Solution studies show that BTA-2 forms micelles in aqueous solutions, but that the dye can be solvated upon the addition of acetonitrile (CH3CN). BTA-2 binds to amyloid fibrils in solution leading to a characteristic blue-shift in the emission spectrum and an increase in fluorescence intensity. However, in solutions with increasing CH3CN concentration, there was a marked decrease in binding of the BTA-2 to fibrils. Studies demonstrating the effect of BTA-2 concentration on binding were performed. A comparison with the standard amyloid fluorescent marker, thioflavin T (ThT), showed that BTA-2 is more fluorescent, making it an excellent dye to label amyloid samples.
41.	Kuchler, Magdalena, 1979- (författare) Stakeholding as sorting of actors into categories : implications for civil society participation in the CDM 2017 Ingår i: International Environmental Agreements. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1567-9764 .- 1573-1553. ; 17:2, s. 191-208 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Following a deliberative shift towards public–private partnership networks in global environmental governance, the multi-stakeholder framework is increasingly advocated for engaging multiple actors in collective decision-making. As this arrangement relies on proper participatory conditions in order to include all relevant stakeholders, input legitimacy is crucial to achieving legitimate outcomes. However, ‘stakeholding’ implies that actors—recast into a specific institutional context—are sorted into new formal or informal categories. This paper scrutinizes the clean development mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol to interrogate the problematic issue of ‘stakeholding’—i.e. the ‘sorting’ of actors—in enacting the multi-stakeholder framework. Based on an analysis of 25 CDM projects that provides insight into the widest range of participation opportunities for civil society regarding specific projects, this paper considers how certain institutional context of the Mechanism’s stakeholder framework affects the involvement of civil society actors and the implications of this for balanced and fair input legitimacy. The findings suggest that, in practice, the informal corporate-induced sorting of actors into internal and external stakeholders keeps civil society actors outside the CDM’s inner circle, forcing them to voice their concerns regarding specific projects via CDM insiders or through irregular channels. Furthermore, the absence of a clear definition of stakeholder in local consultations results in the inclusion of unsorted actors, destabilizing the distribution of participation opportunities. The paper concludes that recasting the deliberative principles of openness and plurality into the CDM’s corporate-inspired stakeholding creates a specific institutional context that imposes more than one set of perhaps incompatible stakeholder categories while impairing input legitimacy.
42.	Lai, Haiping, 1979, et al. (författare) High Temperature Corrosion of Ni-Based Alloys SCA425+and IN792 2013 Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 80:5-6, s. 505-516 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper reports the high temperature corrosion of two Ni-base superalloys: a newly developed alloy, SCA425+, and the extensively used IN792. The composition of the two materials is quite similar, but SCA425+ contains more Cr and Al (17.1 and 10 at.% compared to 13.9 and 7.4 at.% in IN792). The results from exposures at 900 A degrees C in SO2 (3,000 ppm) + O-2 (69 vol%) + H2O (31 vol%) mixed gas for 260 h using 65 h/cycle are compared with those obtained from tests in laboratory air. The microstructure of the formed oxide scales was studied using several techniques, such as XRD, SEM, FIB, EDX, STEM and XPS. It is shown that in IN792 severe internal oxidation takes place after both types of exposures. On the other hand, the newly developed SCA425+ has the tendency to form an alumina layer proving that it has more potential to be used in the aggressive environments. Surprisingly the mass gains for SCA425+ alloy exposed in SO2-rich environment are lower than in laboratory air. The reason for this behavior is discussed.
43.	Lindskog, Annika, 1979, et al. (författare) Risk-taking and others Does the social reference point matter? 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0895-5646 .- 1573-0476. ; 64, s. 287-307 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Real-life risk decisions are taken in a social context. However, we still know little about how that affects risk decisions. We have experimentally investigated the effect of social comparison on risk taking. We designed an experiment that allows us to isolate social comparison from other channels whereby the social context can affect risk decisions. The design also allows us to find impacts of the social reference point both if the individual cares about the distance to the social reference point and if she cares about her rank. Thus, we compare risk-taking in isolation to risk-taking with various exogenously imposed social reference points. We find that risk-taking is affected by the desire to get ahead of others, both when the social reference point is within reach (rank can be affected) and when it is out of reach (rank cannot be affected). Our results suggest that people do not only care about rank but also care about the distance to the social reference point.
44.	Lunde, Carolina, 1979, et al. (författare) Maternal and Paternal Influences on Young Swedish Women’s and Men’s Cosmetic Surgery Acceptance 2016 Ingår i: Sex Roles. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0360-0025 .- 1573-2762. ; 74:5, s. 242-253 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cosmetic surgery has become increasingly popular during recent years. In this study, we hypothesized that stronger parental pressure concerning appearance would be related to more cosmetic surgery acceptance in both women and men. We further expected that the link between parental attitudes toward appearance and acceptance of cosmetic surgery would be mediated by body ideal internalization and appearance-related social comparison. Participants included 277 male and female undergraduates in West Sweden (38% men, mean age = 22.42, SD ± 2.81). Results indicated that the hypothesized relationships were generally supported for men: Multiple mediational analyses showed that both paternal and maternal pressure regarding appearance predicted men’s greater acceptance cosmetic surgery, via mediation of appearance-related social comparison. For women, however, hypothesized relationships were less supported: Mediational analyses confirmed only a marginal effect between paternal appearance pressure and women’s endorsement of social motives for cosmetic surgery, via appearance-related social comparison. Thus, the findings point toward a role of parents, through the processes of appearance-related comparison, for young men’s cosmetic surgery acceptance. For young adult women, other sociocultural agents (e.g., media, peers) may be more important for the acceptance of cosmetic surgery.
45.	Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al. (författare) Amyloid-β metabolism in Niemann-Pick C disease models and patients. 2012 Ingår i: Metabolic brain disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7365 .- 0885-7490. ; 27:4, s. 573-85 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal disease with altered cellular lipid trafficking. The metabolism of amyloid-β (Aβ) - previously mainly studied in Alzheimer's disease - has been suggested to be altered in NPC. Here we aimed to perform a detailed characterization of metabolic products from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in NPC models and patients. We used multiple analytical technologies, including immunoassays and immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry (IP-MS) to characterize Aβ peptides and soluble APP fragments (sAPP-α/β) in cell media from pharmacologically (U18666A) and genetically (NPC1 ( -/- ) ) induced NPC cell models, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from NPC cats and human patients. The pattern of Aβ peptides and sAPP-α/β fragments in cell media was differently affected by NPC-phenotype induced by U18666A treatment and by NPC1 ( -/- ) genotype. U18666A treatment increased the secreted media levels of sAPP-α, AβX-40 and AβX-42 and reduced the levels of sAPP-β, Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42, while IP-MS showed increased relative levels of Aβ5-38 and Aβ5-40 in response to treatment. NPC1 ( -/- ) cells had reduced media levels of sAPP-α and Aβ1-16, and increased levels of sAPP-β. NPC cats had altered CSF distribution of Aβ peptides compared with normal cats. Cats treated with the potential disease-modifying compound 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin had increased relative levels of short Aβ peptides including Aβ1-16 compared with untreated cats. NPC patients receiving β-cyclodextrin had reduced levels over time of CSF Aβ1-42, AβX-38, AβX-40, AβX-42 and sAPP-β, as well as reduced levels of the axonal damage markers tau and phosphorylated tau. We conclude that NPC models have altered Aβ metabolism, but with differences across experimental systems, suggesting that NPC1-loss of function, such as in NPC1 ( -/- ) cells, or NPC1-dysfunction, seen in NPC patients and cats as well as in U18666A-treated cells, may cause subtle but different effects on APP degradation pathways. The preliminary findings from NPC cats suggest that treatment with cyclodextrin may have an impact on APP processing pathways. CSF Aβ, sAPP and tau biomarkers were dynamically altered over time in human NPC patients.
46.	Norlin, Nils, 1979-, et al. (författare) Fluorescence spectroscopic properties analysed within the extended Förster theory with application to Biomacromolecular systems 2009 Ingår i: Journal of Fluorescence. - : Springer. - 1053-0509 .- 1573-4994. ; 19:5, s. 837-845 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The extended Förster theory (EFT) of electronic energy transport accounts for translational and rotational dynamics, which are neglected by the classical Förster theory (FT). EFT has been developed for electronic energy transfer within donor-acceptor pairs [Isaksson, et al, Phys. 16 Chem. Chem. Phys., 9, 1941(2007)] and donor-donor pairs [Johansson, et al, J. Chem. Phys., 105, 10896 (1996); Norlin, et al, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 10, 6962(2008)]. For donors that exhibit different or identical non-exponential fluorescence relaxation within a donor-donor pair, the process of reverberating energy migration is reversible to a higher or lower degree. Here the impact of the EFT has been studied with respect to its influence on fluorescence quantum yields, fluorescence lifetimes as well as depolarisation experiments. The FT predicts relative fluorescence quantum yields which usually agree with the EFT within experimental accuracy, however, substantial deviations occurs in the steady-state and in particular the time-resolved depolarisation data.
47.	Pathan, Risat, 1979 (författare) Fault-Tolerant and Real-Time Scheduling for Mixed-Criticality Systems 2014 Ingår i: Real-Time Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6443 .- 1573-1383. ; 50:4, s. 509-547 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The design and analysis of real-time scheduling algorithms for safety-critical systems is a challenging problem due to the temporal dependencies among different design constraints. This paper considers scheduling sporadic tasks with three interrelated design constraints: (i) meeting the hard deadlines of application tasks, (ii) providing fault tolerance by executing backups, and (iii) respecting the criticality of each task to facilitate system's certification. First, a new approach to model mixed-criticality systems from the perspective of fault tolerance is proposed. Second, a uniprocessor fixed-priority scheduling algorithm, called fault-tolerant mixed-criticality (FTMC) scheduling, is designed for the proposed model. The FTMC algorithm executes backups to recover from task errors caused by hardware or software faults. Third, a sufficient schedulability test is derived, when satisfied for a (mixed-criticality) task set, guarantees that all deadlines are met even if backups are executed to recover from errors. Finally, evaluations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed test.
48.	Pathan, Risat, 1979, et al. (författare) Interference-aware fixed-priority schedulability analysis on multiprocessors 2014 Ingår i: Real-Time Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6443 .- 1573-1383. ; 50:4, s. 411-455 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper presents new schedulability tests for preemptive global fixed-priority (FP) scheduling of sporadic tasks on identical multiprocessor platform. One of the main challenges in deriving a schedulability test for global FP scheduling is identifying the worst-case runtime behavior, i.e., the critical instant, at which the release of a job suffers the maximum interference from the jobs of its higher priority tasks. Unfortunately, the critical instant is not yet known for sporadic tasks under global FP scheduling. To overcome this limitation, pessimism is introduced during the schedulability analysis to safely approximate the worst-case. The endeavor in this paper is to reduce such pessimism by proposing three new schedulability tests for global FP scheduling. Another challenge for global FP scheduling is the problem of assigning the fixed priorities to the tasks because no efficient method to find the optimal priority ordering in such case is currently known. Each of the schedulability tests proposed in this paper can be used to determine the priority of each task based on Audsley's approach. It is shown that the proposed tests not only theoretically dominate but also empirically perform better than the state-of-the-art schedulability test for global FP scheduling of sporadic tasks.
49.	Pathan, Risat, 1979 (författare) Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm for Safety-Critical Systems on Faulty Multicore Environments 2017 Ingår i: Real-Time Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6443 .- 1573-1383. ; 53:1, s. 45-81 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract An algorithm (called FTM) for scheduling of real-time sporadic tasks on a multicore platform is proposed. Each task has a deadline by which it must complete its non-erroneous execution. The FTM algorithm executes backups in order to recover from errors caused by non-permanent and permanent hardware faults. The worst-case schedulability analysis of FTM algorithm is presented considering an application-level error model, which is independent of the stochastic behavior of the underlying hardware-level fault model. Then, the stochastic behavior of hardware-level fault model is plugged in to the analysis to derive the probability of meeting all the deadlines. Such probabilistic guarantee is the level of assurance (i.e., reliability) regarding the correct functional and timing behaviors of the system. One of the salient features of FTM algorithm is that it executes some backups in active redundancy to exploit the parallel multicore architecture while other backups passively to avoid unnecessary execution of too many active backups. This paper also proposes a scheme to determine for each task the number of backups that should run in active redundancy in order to increase the probability of meeting all the deadlines. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using an example application.
50.	Persson, Mikael, 1979 (författare) On the Dirac and Pauli Operators with Several Aharonov-Bohm Solenoids 2006 Ingår i: Letters in Mathematical Physics. - 0377-9017 .- 1573-0530. ; 78, s. 139-156 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We study the self-adjoint Pauli operators that can be realized as the square of a self-adjoint Dirac operator and correspond to a magnetic field consisting of a finite number of Aharonov-Bohm solenoids and a regular part, and prove an Aharonov-Casher type formula for the number of zero-modes for these operators. We also see that essentially only one of the Pauli operators are spin-flip invariant, and this operator does not have any zero-modes.

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