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Sökning: L773:0928 4931 OR L773:1873 0191

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1.
  • Semchuk, O. Yu., et al. (författare)
  • Features of transport phenomenas in magnetic semiconductors with laser-induced periodic nanostructures
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936 .- 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 27:5-8, s. 1360-1363
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mechanisms of formation of the laser-induced periodic surface and bulk nanostructures in magnetic semiconductors are considered. Their influence on transport phenomena in ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMSC) is investigated. It is shown that under action of laser beams (LB) a laser-induced periodic nanostructures — gratings of the electron and magnon temperatures, electron concentration and electric fields arises in FMSC. It is determined, that the illuminating of an external surface of the FMSC by several LB results in an emerging new effect — appearance of a dropping site on the voltage-current characteristic (VCC) of the FMSC with the static laser-induced periodic nanostructures. This effect can only be observed for the carrier concentration n ≥ 1018 cm−3, since for smaller concentration the contribution of an additional current caused by the presence of the laser-induced periodic nanostructures will be insignificant.
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2.
  • Almqvist, Nils, et al. (författare)
  • Methods for fabricating and characterizing a new generation of biomimetic materials
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 7:1, s. 37-43
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bringing together current ideas in the fields of biomineralization and composite laminate materials, we have attempted to fabricate model materials that mimic abalone nacre through the rapid assembly of inorganic tablets, such as talc. Several physical methods were tested to aid the orientation of the talc tablets in fluid suspensions with a low percentage, 10% by dry weight, of organic binding material. The orientation of talc tablets in the synthesized composites was characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The modulus of rupture of the materials was measured in a three-point bending test. We demonstrate that the alignment of tablets increases by the use of physical methods and from chemical surface treatment. Important factors to consider in making materials that mimic abalone nacre are discussed. Important factors to consider in making materials that mimic abalone nacre are discussed.
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3.
  • Donchev, V., et al. (författare)
  • Photoluminescene line-shape analysis in quantum wells embedded in superlattices
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 15:1-2, s. 75-77
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The temperature evolution of the main photoluminescence (PL) mechanisms, in GaAs quantum wells embedded in short-period AlAs/GaAs superlattices, is investigated. PL spectra are measured from 2 to 300 K. A detailed line-shape analysis of the PL peaks is performed by means of a statistical model, including both free exciton and free carrier recombination. The fits based on this model reproduce satisfactorily the experimental PL line shapes and allow to assess quantitatively the relative contributions of free excitons and free carriers to the radiative recombination at different temperatures. The results indicate the predominant role of free excitons in the radiative recombination up to room temperature, and are consistent with the mass action law. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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4.
  • Lundqvist, Andreas, et al. (författare)
  • Frontal affinity chromatographic analysis of membrane protein reconstitution
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 4:4, s. 221-226
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The human red cell glucose transporter Glut1 was solubilized with octaoxyethylene n-dodecyl ether (low critical micelle concentration (CMC)), purified, mixed with egg phospholipids and cholate, and reconstituted by gel filtration on Superdex 75. Free protepliposomes showed relatively high D-glucose transport activity. Frontal affinity chromatographic analysis with the proteoliposomes sterically immobilized in Superdex 200 gel beads revealed that the number of operative cytochalasin B (CB) binding sites increased during the first days of chromatographic runs to become the same as with 1-O-n-octyl β-d-glucopyranoside (high CMC) as solubilizer and Sephadex G-50 as gel filtration medium. The average number of sites per Glut1 monomer was 0.32 ± 0.02. The average Kd for CB was 66 ± 3 nM at 150 mM NaCl, similarly as for Glut1 in membrane vesicles, whereas the affinity of d-glucose for reconstituted Glut1 was lower (Kd = 44 ± 3 mM) than for membranous Glut1 (Kd = 15 ± 5 mM). Two theoretical treatments of affinity chromatographic data gave the same values in agreement with competitive and monovalent interactions.
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5.
  • Alaghmandfard, A., et al. (författare)
  • Recent advances in the modification of carbon-based quantum dots for biomedical applications
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 120
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Carbon-based quantum dots (CDs) are mainly divided into two sub-groups; carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which exhibit outstanding photoluminescence (PL) properties, low toxicity, superior biocompatibility and facile functionalization. Regarding these features, they have been promising candidates for biomedical science and engineering applications. In this work, we reviewed the efforts made to modify these zero-dimensional nano-materials to obtain the best properties for bio-imaging, drug and gene delivery, cancer therapy, and bio-sensor applications. Five main surface modification techniques with outstanding results are investigated, including doping, surface functionalization, polymer capping, nano-composite and core-shell structures, and the drawbacks and challenges in each of these methods are discussed.
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6.
  • Alenezi, Ali, et al. (författare)
  • Development of a photon induced drug-delivery implant coating
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 98, s. 619-627
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A thin surface coating intended for medical devices such as implants where local drug release is enabled using near infrared light (NIR) as an external stimulus has been developed. The delivery system consists of a thin Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylamide (PNIPAAm-AAm) polymer layer with incorporated gold nanorods (GNRs). The aspect ratio of the GNRs were chosen to absorb NIR light, thus fitting the biological window of low tissue absorption, to locally heat the polymeric layer to initiate a drug release. Hence, controlled drug delivery from a surface within tissue orchestrated from outside the body is achievable. Composition of the PNIPAAm-AAm co-polymer was systematically varied to find a suitable phase transition temperature for in vivo applications. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that PNIPAAm-AAm containing 10% acrylamide had an appropriate phase transition temperature of 42 °C. As visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface coating consisted of 200 nm uniform polymer layer. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) analysis coupled with in situ NIR irradiation demonstrated a dramatic shift in frequency that was attributed to mass being released from the surface upon irradiation. This mass release correlated well with the drug release profile as determined using UV/VIS spectroscopy with phenol as a model drug. In addition, proof-of-concept of the drug-delivery system was demonstrated by releasing the antibiotic vancomycin to eradicate Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in culture.
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7.
  • Battocchio, Chiara, et al. (författare)
  • Chitosan functionalization of titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy with chloroacetic acid as linker agent
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 99, s. 1133-1140
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work, a new covalent grafting of chitosan on titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy surfaces is reported using chloroacetic acid as linker agent. Good results were obtained both on titanium and on Ti6Al4V alloy. The effect of the surface acid pretreatments on the subsequent functionalization with chitosan is evaluated. The morphological aspect of acid etched metal surfaces before chitosan grafting has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The presence of carboxylic groups on metal surfaces and then the efficiency of chitosan covalent immobilization were detected by Fourier transformed infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cyclic voltammetry tests, using the functionalized titanium and Ti6Al4V samples as electrodes, were conducted in different aqueous solutions, to detect the presence of the homogeneous overlayer of chitosan on the surface, and to evaluate the importance of the carboxyl groups as linker agent.
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8.
  • Brown, Toby D, et al. (författare)
  • Melt electrospinning of poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds : phenomenological observations associated with collection and direct writing.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Melt electrospinning and its additive manufacturing analogue, melt electrospinning writing (MEW), are two processes which can produce porous materials for applications where solvent toxicity and accumulation in solution electrospinning are problematic. This study explores the melt electrospinning of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds, specifically for applications in tissue engineering. The research described here aims to inform researchers interested in melt electrospinning about technical aspects of the process. This includes rapid fiber characterization using glass microscope slides, allowing influential processing parameters on fiber morphology to be assessed, as well as observed fiber collection phenomena on different collector substrates. The distribution and alignment of melt electrospun PCL fibers can be controlled to a certain degree using patterned collectors to create large numbers of scaffolds with shaped macroporous architectures. However, the buildup of residual charge in the collected fibers limits the achievable thickness of the porous template through such scaffolds. One challenge identified for MEW is the ability to control charge buildup so that fibers can be placed accurately in close proximity, and in many centimeter heights. The scale and size of scaffolds produced using MEW, however, indicate that this emerging process will fill a technological niche in biofabrication.
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9.
  • Bäckdahl, Henrik, 1977, et al. (författare)
  • Observations on bacterial cellulose tube formation for application as vascular graft
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 31:1, s. 14-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nanocellulose (bacterial cellulose, BC), such as that produced by Acetobacter xylinum, has shown promising results as a replacement material for small diameter vascular grafts. The surface morphology of the lumen and mechanical properties of such tubes are crucial for their performance. The growth of a BC tube in a vertical fermentation bioreactor using silicone tubing for support and as an oxygen delivery membrane has not been studied in detail previously. Oxygen concentration and the number of bacteria added influence the production of the BC tubes. A dense and smooth luminal surface was formed after 4 days on a 3 mm silicone support. The bacteria were found to be in high concentration close to the silicon support and decreased in number further away. In the region with a high bacteria concentration, dense thin layers of BC were formed since the bacteria moved close together in this region. The presented observations were summarized in a theoretical model of BC tube growth.
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10.
  • Caccavo, Diego, et al. (författare)
  • Modeling capillary formation in calcium and copper alginate gels.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 58, s. 442-449
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Alginate solutions in the presence of bivalent ions can form ionic cross-linked gels. In particular gelation conditions the gel structure can be characterized by great anisotropy with the presence of straight capillaries along a preferential direction. These materials can find applications mainly in high-tech sectors, like tissue engineering, where the gel characteristics play a crucial role. Despite the need of mastering the capillary formation and properties, the process remains a poorly known problem, and its development is left to trial and error procedures. In this work a quantitative approach to the description of the capillary formation process has been developed. The theory proposed by Treml et al. (2003) has been implemented and extended to an alginate different from the one used in that study and two different ions (calcium and copper). Some of the model parameters have been derived through simple measurements; others have been scaled using proper scaling equations. Experiments have been performed in different gelation conditions, varying alginate and ionic solution concentrations, to highlight the effects of these parameters on the anisotropic structure and to validate the model. In all the analyses done, the model has performed nicely showing a good reliability in the prediction of gel characteristics like capillary formation, capillary length and process time.
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11.
  • Campodoni, Elisabetta, et al. (författare)
  • Polymeric 3D scaffolds for tissue regeneration : Evaluation of biopolymer nanocomposite reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 94, s. 867-878
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Biopolymers such as gelatin (Gel) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) have many of the essential requirements for being used as scaffolding materials in tissue regeneration; biocompatibility, surface chemistry, ability to generate homogeneous hydrogels and 3D structures with suitable pore size and interconnection, which allows cell colonization and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the mechanical behaviour of the Gel matrix can be improved by means of functionalization with cellulose nanofibrils and proper cross-linking treatments. Blending processes were developed to achieve a polymer nanocomposite incorporating the best features of both biopolymers: biomimicry of the Gel and structural reinforcement by the CNF. The designed 3D structures underline interconnected porosity achieved by freeze-drying process, improved mechanical properties and chemical stability that are tailored by CNF addition and different cross-linking approaches. In vitro evaluations reveal the preservation of the biocompatibility of Gel and its good interaction with cells by promoting cell colonization and proliferation. The results support the addition of cellulose nanofibrils to improve the mechanical behaviour of 3D porous structures suitable as scaffolding for tissue regeneration.
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12.
  • Cecchinato, Francesca, et al. (författare)
  • Osteogenic potential of human adipose-derived stromal cells on 3-dimensional mesoporous TiO2 coating with magnesium impregnation
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 52, s. 225-234
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic response of human adipose-derived stromal cells (ADScs) to mesoporous titania (TiO2) coatings produced with evaporation-induced self-assembly method (EISA) and loaded with magnesium. Our emphasis with the magnesium release functionality was to modulate progenitor cell osteogenic differentiation under standard culture conditions. Osteogenic properties of the coatings were assessed for stromal cells by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, colorimetric mitochondrial viability assay (MTT), colorimetric alkaline phosphates activity (ALP) assay and real time RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) it was shown that the surface expansion area (S-dr) was strongly enhanced by the presence of magnesium. From MTT results it was shown that ADSc viability was significantly increased on mesoporous surfaces compared to the non-porous one at a longer cell culture time. However, no differences were observed between the magnesium impregnated and non-impregnated surfaces. The alkaline phosphatase activity confirmed that ADSc started to differentiate into the osteogenic phenotype after 2 weeks of culturing. The gene expression profile at 2 weeks of cell growth showed that such coatings were capable to incorporate specific osteogenic markers inside their interconnected nano-pores and, at 3 weeks, ADSc differentiated into osteoblasts. Interestingly, magnesium significantly promoted the osteopontin gene expression, which is an essential gene for the early biomaterial-cell osteogenic interaction. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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13.
  • Cieślik, M., et al. (författare)
  • Engineering of bone fixation metal implants biointerface - Application of parylene C as versatile protective coating
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 32:8, s. 2431-2435
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The tribological and protective properties of parylene C coatings (2-20 ÎŒm) on stainless steel 316L implant materials were investigated by means of electrochemical measurements and wear tests. The thickness and morphology of the CVD prepared coatings were characterized by scanning electron and laser confocal microscopy. The stability of the coatings was examined in contact with Hanks' solution and H 2O 2 (simulating the inflammatory response). It was concluded that silane-parylene C coating with the optimum thickness of 8 ÎŒm exhibits excellent wear resistance properties and limits the wear formation. The engineered versatile coating demonstrates sufficient elastomer properties, essential to sustain the implantation surgery strains and micromotions during long-term usage in the body.
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14.
  • Cieślik, M., et al. (författare)
  • Parylene coatings on stainless steel 316L surface for medical applications : Mechanical and protective properties
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 32:1, s. 31-35
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mechanical and protective properties of parylene N and C coatings (2-20 μm) on stainless steel 316L implant materials were investigated. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron and confocal microscopes, microindentation and scratch tests, whereas their protective properties were evaluated in terms of quenching metal ion release from stainless steel to simulated body fluid (Hanks solution). The obtained results revealed that for parylene C coatings, the critical load for initial cracks is 3-5 times higher and the total metal ions release is reduced 3 times more efficiently compared to parylene N. It was thus concluded that parylene C exhibits superior mechanical and protective properties for application as a micrometer coating material for stainless steel implants. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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15.
  • Diez-Escudero, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Hexagonal pore geometry and the presence of hydroxyapatite enhance deposition of mineralized bone matrix on additively manufactured polylactic acid scaffolds
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 125
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the design of regenerative scaffolds for orthopaedic applications, enabling customizable geometric designs and material compositions that mimic bone. However, the available evidence is contradictory with respect to which geometric designs and material compositions are optimal. There is a lack of studies that systematically compare different pore sizes and geometries in conjunction with the presence or absence of calcium phosphates. We therefore evaluated the physicochemical and biological properties of additively manufactured scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) in combination with hydroxyapatite (HA). HA was either incorporated in the polymeric matrix or introduced as a coating, yielding 15 and 2% wt., respectively. Pore sizes of the scaffolds varied between 200 and 450 um and were shaped either triangularly or hexagonally. All scaffolds supported the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of both primary mouse osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells up to four weeks, with only small differences in the production of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) between cells grown on different pore geometries and material compositions. However, mineralization of the PLA scaffolds was substantially enhanced in the presence of HA, either embedded in the PLA matrix or as a coating at the surface level, and by larger hexagonal pores. In conclusion, customized HA/PLA composite porous scaffolds intended for the repair of critical size bone defects were obtained by a cost-effective AM method. Our findings indicate that the analysis of osteoblast adhesion and differentiation on experimental scaffolds alone is inconclusive without the assessment of mineralization, and the effects of geometry and composition on bone matrix deposition must be carefully considered in order to understand the regenerative potential of experimental scaffolds.
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16.
  • Diouf, Alassane, et al. (författare)
  • An electrochemical sensor based on chitosan capped with gold nanoparticles combined with a voltammetric electronic tongue for quantitative aspirin detection in human physiological fluids and tablets
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 110
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Inflammatory diseases increase has recently sparked the research interest for drugs diagnostic tools development. At therapeutic doses, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA or aspirin) is widely used for these diseases' treatment. ASA overdoses can however give rise to adverse side effects including ulcers, gastric damage. Hence, development of simple, portable and sensitive methods for ASA detection is desirable. This paper reports aspirin analysis in urine, saliva and pharmaceutical tablet using an electrochemical sensor and a voltammetric electronic tongue (VE-Tongue). The electrochemical sensor was fabricated by self-assembling chitosan capped with gold nanoparticles (Cs + AuNPs) on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). It exhibits a logarithmic-linear relationship between its response and the ASA concentration in the range between 1 pg/mL and 1 mu g/mL. A low detection limit (0.03 pg/mL), good selectivity against phenol and benzoic acid interference, and successful practical application were demonstrated. Qualitative analysis was performed using the VE-Tongue based unmodified metal electrodes combined with two chemometric approaches to classify urine samples spiked with different aspirin concentrations. Partial least squares (PLS) method provided prediction models obtained from the data of both devices with a regression correlation coefficient R-2 = 0.99. Correspondingly, the SPCE/(Cs + AuNPs) electrochemical sensor and VE-Tongue could be viable tools for biological analysis of drugs.
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17.
  • Emin Corman, Mehmet, et al. (författare)
  • Rapid, efficient and selective preconcentration of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) by molecularly imprinted composite cartridge and HPLC
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 70, s. 41-53
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study, cryogel-based molecularly imprinted composite cartridges were designed for the rapid, efficient, and selective preconcentration of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) from water samples. First, a BaP-imprinted poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-phenylalanine) composite cartridge was synthesized under semi-frozen conditions and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and swelling tests. After the optimization of preconcentration parameters, i.e., pH and initial BaP concentration, the selectivity and preconcentration efficiency, and reusability of these cartridges were also evaluated. In selectivity experiments, BaP imprinted composite cartridge exhibited binding capacities 3.09, 9.52, 8.87, and 8.77-fold higher than that of the non-imprinted composite cartridge in the presence of competitors, such as benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (lcdP), and 1-naphthol, respectively. The method detection limit (MDL), relative standard deviation (RSD) and preconcentration efficiency (PE) of the synthesized composite cartridge were calculated as 24.86 mu g/L, 1.60%, and 349,6%, respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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18.
  • Engstrand, Johanna, et al. (författare)
  • Influence of water content on hardening and handling of a premixed calcium phosphate cement
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 33:1, s. 527-531
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Handling of calcium phosphate cements is difficult, where problems often arise during mixing, transferring tosyringes, and subsequent injection. Via the use of premixed cements the risk of handling complications is reduced. However, for premixed cements to work in a clinical situation the setting time needs to be improved. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the addition of water on the properties of premixed cement. Monetite-forming premixed cements with small amounts of added water (less than 6.8 wt.%) were prepared and the influence on injectability, working time, setting time and mechanical strength was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of small amounts of water had significant influence on the properties of the premixed cement. With the addition of just 1.7 wt.% water, the force needed to extrude the cement from a syringe was reduced from 107 (±15)N to 39 (±9)N, the compression strength was almost doubled, and the setting time decreased from 29 (±4)min to 19 (±2)min, while the working time remained 5 to 6 h. This study demonstrates the importance of controlling the water content in premixed cement pastes and how water can be used to improve the properties of premixed cements.
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19.
  • Ferraris, S., et al. (författare)
  • Multifunctional commercially pure titanium for the improvement of bone integration : Multiscale topography, wettability, corrosion resistance and biological functionalization
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 60, s. 384-393
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The objects of this research are commercially pure titanium surfaces, with multifunctional behavior, obtained through a chemical treatment and biological functionalization. The explored surfaces are of interest for dental implants, in contact with bone, where several simultaneous and synergistic actions are needed, in order to get a fast and effective osseointegration. The here described modified surfaces present a layer of titanium oxide, thicker than the native one, with a multi-scale surface topography (a surface roughness on the nano scale, which can be overlapped to a micro or macro roughness of the substrate) and a high density of OH groups, that increase surface wettability, induce a bioactive behavior (hydroxyapatite precipitation in simulated body fluid) and make possible the grafting of biomolecules (alkaline phosphatase, ALP, in the present research). The surface oxide is an efficient barrier against corrosion, with passive behavior both with and without application of an external voltage.
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20.
  • Fowler, Lee, et al. (författare)
  • Antibacterial investigation of titanium-copper alloys using luminescent Staphylococcus epidermidis in a direct contact test
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 97, s. 707-714
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti), used as oral implants, is often populated by various bacterial colonies in the oral cavity. These bacteria can cause Peri-implantitis, leading to loss of bone tissue and failure of implants. With the increased awareness of antibiotic resistance, research has been directed towards alternative solutions and recent findings have indicated titanium-copper (Ti-Cu) alloys as a promising antibacterial material. The aim of this study was to produce homogeneous Ti-Cu alloys, with various concentrations of copper, and to characterise their antibacterial properties through direct contact tests, using luminescent bacteria, in addition to traditional materials characterisation techniques. Samples of CP-Ti and four different Ti-Cu alloys (1, 2.5, 3 and 10 wt%Cu) were produced in an arc-furnace, heated treated and rapidly quenched. X-ray diffraction revealed that Ti2Cu, was present only in the 10 wt%Cu alloy, however, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated precipitates at the grain boundaries of the 3 wt%Cu alloy, which were confirmed to be of a copper rich phase by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. EDS line scans confirmed that the alloys were homogenous. After 6 h, a trend between copper content and antibacterial rate could be observed, with the 10 wt%Cu alloy having the highest rate. SEM confirmed fewer bacteria on the 3 wt%Cu and especially the 10 wt%Cu samples. Although the 10 wt%Cu alloy gave the best antibacterial results, it is desired that the Cu concentration is below similar to 3 wt%Cu to maintain similar mechanical and corrosive performance as CP-Ti. Therefore, it is proposed that future work focuses on the 3 wt%Cu alloy.
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21.
  • Ghorbani, Fereshte Mohammad, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of hydroxyapatite nano-particles on morphology, rheology and thermal behavior of poly(Caprolactone)/chitosan blends
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 59, s. 980-989
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of hydroxyapatite nano-particles (nHA) on morphology, and rheological and thermal properties of PCL/chitosan blends was investigated. The tendency of nHA to reside in the submicron-dispersed chitosan phase is determined using SEM and AFM images. The presence of electrostatic interaction between amide sites of chitosan and ionic groups on the nHA surface was proved by FTIR. It is shown that the chitosan phase is thermodynamically more favorable for the nano-particles to reside than the PCL phase. Lack of implementation of Cox-Merz theory for this system shows that the polymer-nano-particle network is destructed by the flow. Results from dynamic rheological measurements and Zeiler fractional model show that the presence of nHA increases the shear moduli and relaxation time of the PCL/chitosan blends. DSC measurements showed that nHA nano-particles are responsible for the increase in melting and crystallization characteristics of the PCL/chitosan blends. Based on thermogravimetric analysis, the PCL/chitosan/nHA nano-composites exhibited a greater thermal stability compared to the nHA-free blends.
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22.
  • Golda-Cepa, M., et al. (författare)
  • Microbiological investigations of oxygen plasma treated parylene C surfaces for metal implant coating
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 52, s. 273-281
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Parylene C surface was modified by the use of oxygen plasma treatment and characterized by microscopic and surface-sensitive techniques (E-SEM, AFM, XPS, LDI-TOF-MS, contact angle). The influence of the treatment on surface properties was investigated by calculations of surface free energy (Owens-Wendt method). Moreover, early adhesion (Culture Plate Method, Optical Microscopy Test) and biofilm formation ability (Cristal Violet Assay) on the parylene C surface was investigated. The bacteria strains which are common causative agents of medical device-associated infections (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa - reference strains and clinical isolates) were used. It was concluded that chemical (oxygen insertion) and physical (nanotopography generation) changes, have a significant impact on the biocompatibility in terms of increased hydrophilicity (θw of unmodified sample = 88° ± 2°, θw of 60 min modified sample = 17.6° ± 0.8°) and surface free energy (SFE of unmodified sample = 42.4 mJ/m2, and for 60 min modified sample = 70.1 mJ/m2). At the same time, no statistical effect on biofilm production and bacteria attachment to the modified surface of any of the tested strains was observed.
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23.
  • Gołda, M., et al. (författare)
  • Oxygen plasma functionalization of parylene C coating for implants surface : Nanotopography and active sites for drug anchoring
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 33:7, s. 4221-4227
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of oxygen plasma treatment (t = 0.1-60 min, pO2 = 0.2 mbar, P = 50 W) of parylene C implant surface coating was investigated in order to check its influence on morphology (SEM, AFM observations), chemical composition (XPS analysis), hydrophilicity (contact angle measurements) and biocompatibility (MG-63 cell line and Staphylococcus aureus 24167 DSM adhesion screening). The modification procedure leads to oxygen insertion (up to 20 at.%) into the polymer matrix and together with surface topography changes has a dramatic impact on wettability (change of contact angle from θ = 78 ± 2 to θ = 33 ± 1.9 for unmodified and 60 min treated sample, respectively). As a result, the hydrophilic surface of modified parylene C promotes MG-63 cells growth and at the same time does not influence S. aureus adhesion. The obtained results clearly show that the plasma treatment of parylene C surface provides suitable polar groups (C = O, C-O, O-C = O, C-O-O and O-C(O)-O) for further development of the coating functionality.
  •  
24.
  • Gonella, F., et al. (författare)
  • Field-assisted ion diffusion of transition metals for the synthesis of nanocomposite silicate glasses
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 26:5-7, s. 1087-1091
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Field-assisted ion diffusion of metals was realized for the controlled doping of silicate glasses. Metallic films deposited onto the substrates by the rf-sputtering technique were used as the metal ions source. In particular, cobalt was, for the first time, introduced into a soda-lime glass by field-assisted ion exchange, giving rise to diffusion profiles that were observed to depend on the preparation parameters, namely, temperature and electric field intensity across the samples. This technique, which allowed to dope the glass matrix with high metal concentration values, can be used as the first step in combined methodologies for the preparation of nanostructured glass composites. The shape of the measured Co diffusion profiles indicates that the migration process depends not only on the experimental parameters but also on the behavior of alkali ions within the glass. Chemical phenomena occurring at the metal/glass interface also play a significant role in the penetration of the Co ions. The possibility of doping the glass with two different metal species was also investigated, with the aim to create the condition for the formation of core-shell or alloy nanoclusters. In particular, preliminary results on Co + Au field-assisted co-diffusion are presented. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
25.
  • Gutiérrez-Hernández, José Manuel, et al. (författare)
  • In vitro evaluation of osteoblastic cells on bacterial cellulose modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as scaffold for bone regeneration
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 75, s. 445-453
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we explore the use of native bacterial cellulose (BC) in combination with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as an original biomaterial, suitable three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for osteoblastic cell culture. Functionalized MWNTs were mixed with native BC (secreted by Gluconacetobacter xylinus) with the aim of reinforcing the mechanical properties of BC. The results indicate that BC-MWNTs scaffolds support osteoblast viability, adhesion and proliferation at higher levels as compared to traditional culture substrates. Chemically functionalized MWNTs are also an excellent material to be used as scaffold because these did not affect cell viability and showed an enhanced osteoblast adhesion. These results suggest the potential for this combination of biomaterials, i.e. BC and carbon nanomaterials, as scaffolds for bone regeneration.
  •  
26.
  • Han, Guang, et al. (författare)
  • Microscopic view of osseointegration and functional mechanisms of implant surfaces
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 56, s. 380-385
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Argon ion beam polishing technique was applied to prepare the cross sections of implants feasible for high resolution scanning electron microscope investigation. The interfacial microstructure between newly formed bone and implants with three modified surfaces retrieved after in vivo test using three different animal models was characterized. By this approach it has become possible to directly observe early bone formation, the increase of bone density, and the evolution of bone structure. The two bone growth mechanisms, distant osteogenesis and contact osteogenesis, can also be distinguished. These direct observations give, at microscopic level, a better view of osseointegration and expound the functional mechanisms of various implant surfaces for osseointegration.
  •  
27.
  • Han, Guang, et al. (författare)
  • Porous titania surfaces on titanium with hierarchical macro- and mesoporosities for enhancing cell adhesion, proliferation and mineralization
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 47, s. 376-383
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Titanium received a macroporous titania surface layer by anodization, which contains open pores with average pore diameter around 5 gm. An additional mesoporous titania top layer following the contour of the macropores, of 100-200 nm thickness and with a pore diameter of 10 nm, was formed by using the evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) method with titanium (IV) tetraethoxide as the precursor. A coherent laminar titania surface layer was thus obtained, creating a hierarchical macro- and mesoporous surface that was characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy. The interfacial bonding between the surface layers and the titanium matrix was characterized by the scratch test that confirmed a stable and strong bonding of titania surface layers on titanium. The wettability to water and the effects on the osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS-2) proliferation and mineralization of the formed titania surface layers were studied systematically by cell culture and scanning electron microscopy. The results proved that the porous titania surface with hierarchical macro- and mesoporosities was hydrophilic that significantly promoted cell attachment and spreading. A synergistic role of the hierarchical macro- and mesoporosities was revealed in terms of enhancing cell adhesion, proliferation and mineralization, compared with the titania surface with solo scale topography.
  •  
28.
  • Hassanzadeh, Salman, et al. (författare)
  • Release of quercetin from micellar nanoparticles with saturated and unsaturated core forming polyesters - A combined computational and experimental study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 46, s. 417-426
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Computational and experimental studies were combined to obtain new insight into the widely reported anomalous release mechanism of hydrophobic drug (quercetin) from polymeric micellar nanopartides. Saturated and unsaturated amphiphilic triblock copolymers from monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG), poly(butylene adipate) (PBA) and poly(cis-2-butene adipate) (PCBA) (mPEG-PBA-mPEG and mPEG-PCBA-mPEG) were utilized as model polymers to specify the contribution of polymer-micelle degradation and polymer-drug interactions on the observed differences in the release rates by applicable computational investigation and experimental evaluations. Monitoring the size of the micelles through the releasing process together with hydrolytic degradation studies of the core forming polymers proved that the contribution of polymer hydrolysis and micelle degradation on the observed differences in the release rates during the release time window was minimal. The compatibility between quercetin and the core forming polymer is another factor influencing the drug encapsulation and the relative release rate and it was therefore investigated theoretically (using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311(++)G level of theory) and experimentally (FT-IR imaging). The drug-polymer interactions in the core were shown to be much more important than the polymer and/or micelle swelling-dissociation-degradation processes under the studied conditions.
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29.
  • Herrera, A., et al. (författare)
  • From macroscopic mechanics to cell-effective stiffness within highly aligned macroporous collagen scaffolds
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the design of macroporous biomaterial scaffolds, attention is payed predominantly to the readily accessible macroscopic mechanical properties rather than to the mechanical properties experienced by the cells adhering to the material. However, the direct cell mechanical environment has been shown to be of special relevance for biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix formation both in vitro and in vivo. In this study we investigated how individual architectural features of highly aligned macroporous collagen scaffolds contribute to its mechanical properties on the macroscopic vs. the microscopic scale. Scaffolds were produced by controlled freezing and freeze-drying, a method frequently used for manufacturing of macroporous biomaterials. The individual architectural features of the biomaterial were carefully characterized to develop a finite element model (FE-model) that finally provided insights in the relation between the biomaterial's mechanical properties on the macro-scale and the properties on the micro-scale, as experienced by adhering cells. FE-models were validated by experimental characterization of the scaffolds, both on the macroscopic and the microscopic level, using mechanical compression testing and atomic force microscopy. As a result, a so-called cell-effective stiffness of these non-trivial scaffold architectures could be predicted for the first time. A linear dependency between the macroscopic scaffold stiffness and the cell-effective stiffness was found, with the latter being consistently higher by a factor of 6.4 +/- 0.6. The relevance of the cell-effective stiffness in controlling progenitor cell differentiation was confirmed in vitro. The obtained information about the cell-effective stiffness is of particular relevance for the early stages of tissue regeneration, when the cells first populate and interact with the biomaterial. Beyond the specific biomaterial investigated here, the introduced method is transferable to other complex biomaterial architectures. Design-optimization in 3D macroporous scaffolds that are based on a deeper understanding of the mechanical environment provided to the cells will help to enhance biomaterial-based tissue regeneration approaches.
  •  
30.
  • Hoess, Andreas, et al. (författare)
  • Comparison of a quasi-dynamic and a static extraction method for the cytotoxic evaluation of acrylic bone cements
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 62, s. 274-282
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study, two different extraction approaches were compared in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 7 different acrylic bone cements, mainly developed for spinal applications, to osteoblastic cells. Firstly, a static extraction was carried out continuously over 24 h, a method widely used in literature. Secondly, a quasi-dynamic extraction method that allowed the investigation of time-dependent cytotoxic effects of curing acrylic bone cements to cells was introduced. In both cases the extraction of the cements was started at a very early stage of the polymerization process to simulate the conditions during clinical application. Data obtained by the quasi-dynamic extraction method suggest that the cytotoxicity of the setting materials mainly originates from the release of toxic components during the first hour of the polymerization reaction. It was also shown that a static extraction over 24 h generally represents this initial stage of the curing process. Furthermore, compared to the static extraction, time dependent cytotoxicity profiles could be detected using the quasi-dynamic extraction method. Specifically, a modification of commercial Osteopal (R) V with castor oil as a plasticizer as well as a customized cement formulation showed clear differences in cytotoxic behavior compared to the other materials during the setting process. In addition, it was observed that unreacted monomer released from the castor oil modified cement was not the main component affecting the toxicity of the material extracts. The quasi-dynamic extraction method is a useful tool to get deeper insight into the cytotoxic potential of curing acrylic bone cements under relevant biological conditions, allowing systematic optimization of materials under development.
  •  
31.
  • Hussain Ibupoto, Zafar, et al. (författare)
  • Low temperature synthesis of seed mediated CuO bundle of nanowires, their structural characterisation and cholesterol detection
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 33:7, s. 3889-3898
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study, we have successfully synthesised CuO bundle of nanowires using simple, cheap and low temperature hydrothermal growth method. The growth parameters such as precursor concentration and time for duration of growth were optimised. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has demonstrated that the CuO bundles of nanowires are highly dense, uniform and perpendicularly oriented to the substrate. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has demonstrated that the CuO nanostructures consist of bundle of nanowires and their growth pattern is along the [010] direction. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique described that CuO bundle of nanowires possess the monoclinic crystal phase. The surface and chemical composition analyses were carried out with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique and the obtained results suggested the pure crystal state of CuO nanostructures. In addition, the CuO nanowires were used for the cholesterol sensing application by immobilising the cholesterol oxidase through electrostatic attraction. The infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy study has also revealed that CuO nanostructures are consisting of only Cu-O bonding and has also shown the possible interaction of cholesterol oxidase with the sharp edge surface of CuO bundle of nanowires. The proposed cholesterol sensor has demonstrated the wide range of detection of cholesterol with good sensitivity of 33.88 +/- 0.96 mV/decade. Moreover, the CuO bundle of nanowires based sensor electrode has revealed good repeatability, reproducibility, stability, selectivity and a fast response time of less than 10 s. The cholesterol sensor based on the immobilised cholesterol oxidase has good potential applicability for the determination of cholesterol from the human serum and other biological samples.
  •  
32.
  • Hussein, Kamal Hany, et al. (författare)
  • Ultrasonicated graphene oxide enhances bone and skin wound regeneration
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 94, s. 484-492
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the present study, we investigated the applications of ultrasonicated graphene oxide (UGO) for bone regeneration and skin wound healing. Ultrasonication of a GO suspension increased the dispersion and stability (by increasing the zeta potential) of the GO suspension. UGO has fewer oxygen-containing groups but still displays excellent water dispersion. The UGO supension showed high biocompatibility for human fetal osteoblast (hFOB cells), human endothelial cells (EA.hy 926 cells), and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Importantly, UGO could support cell attachment and proliferation, in addition to promoting the osteogenesis of seeded cells and the promotion of new bone formation. In addition, a 1% UGO supension enhanced cell migration in an in vitro skin scratch assay and promoted wound closure in an in vivo rat excisional skin defect model. These results showed that UGO offers a good environment for cells involved in bone and skin healing, suggesting its potential application in tissue regeneration.
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33.
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34.
  • Jain, Shubham, et al. (författare)
  • Understanding of how the properties of medical grade lactide based copolymer scaffolds influence adipose tissue regeneration : Sterilization and a systematic  in vitro  assessment
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 124
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aliphatic polyesters are the synthetic polymers most commonly used in the development of resorbable medical implants / devices. Various three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have been fabricated from these polymers and used in adipose tissue engineering. However, their systematic evaluation altogether lacks, which makes it difficult to select a suitable degradable polymer to design 3D resorbable implants and / or devices able to effectively mimic the properties of adipose tissue. Additionally, the impact of sterilization methods on the medical devices, if any, must be taken into account. We evaluate and compare five different medical-grade resorbable polyesters with l-lactide content ranging from 50 to 100 mol% and exhibiting different physiochemical properties depending on the comonomer (d-lactide, ε-caprolactone, glycolide, and trimethylene carbonate). The salt-leaching technique was used to prepare 3D microporous scaffolds. A comprehensive assessment of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds was carried out in PBS at 37 ° C. The cell-material interactions and the ability of the scaffolds to promote adipogenesis of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells were assessed in vitro. The diverse physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds, due to the different composition of the copolymers, influenced human adipose tissue-derived stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Scaffolds made from polymers which were above their glass transition temperature and with low degree of crystallinity showed better proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of stem cells. The effect of sterilization techniques (electron beam and ethylene oxide) on the polymer properties was also evaluated. Results showed that scaffolds sterilized with the ethylene oxide method better retained their physical and chemical properties. Overall, the presented research provides (i) a detailed understanding to select a degradable polymer that has relevant properties to augment adipose tissue regeneration and can be further used to fabricate medical devices / implants; (ii) directions to prefer a sterilization method that does not change polymer properties. the presented research provides (i) a detailed understanding to select a degradable polymer that has relevant properties to augment adipose tissue regeneration and can be further used to fabricate medical devices / implants; (ii) directions to prefer a sterilization method that does not change polymer properties. the presented research provides (i) a detailed understanding to select a degradable polymer that has relevant properties to augment adipose tissue regeneration and can be further used to fabricate medical devices / implants; (ii) directions to prefer a sterilization method that does not change polymer properties.
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35.
  • Janson, Oscar, et al. (författare)
  • Titanium surface modification to enhance antibacterial and bioactive properties while retaining biocompatibility
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 96, s. 272-279
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bacterial infections associated with metal implants are severe problems affecting a considerable amount of people with dental or orthopedic implants. This study aims to examine the antibacterial effect of a Titanium-peroxy gel layer on the modified surface of commercially pure titanium grade 2. Variations in a multi-step surface modification procedure were tested to determine the best combination that provided an antibacterial effect while enhancing bioactivity without compromising biocompatibility. Soaking the surfaces in 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide held at 80 °C provided antibacterial activity while subsequent surface treatments in concentrated sodium and calcium hydroxide solutions were preformed to enhance bioactivity. Staphylococcus epidermidis was used to determine the antibacterial effect through both direct contact and biofilm inhibition tests while human dermal fibroblast cells and MC3T3 pre osteoblast cells were utilized to test biocompatibility. The greatest antibacterial effect was observed with only hydrogen peroxide treatment, but the resulting surface was neither bioactive nor biocompatible. It was found that subsequent surface treatments with sodium hydroxide followed by calcium hydroxide provided a bioactive surface that was also biocompatible. Additionally, a final treatment with autoclaving showed positive effects with regards to enhanced bioactivity. This multi-step surface modification procedure offers a promising, non-antibiotic, solution for combatting infections associated with biomedical implants.
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36.
  • Jin, Jing, et al. (författare)
  • Fabrication of a polypropylene immunoassay platform by photografting reaction
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 102, s. 492-501
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The technology of an immunoassay detection platform is critical to clinical disease diagnoses, especially for developing a medical diagnostic system. A polymer-based immunoassay platform was fabricated on nonwoven fabric polypropylene (PP) using a photografting reaction to graft 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and sulfobetaine (SBMA). The antifouling properties of PP-g-P(HEMA-co-SBMA) were investigated by fibrinogen adsorption and platelet adhesion. Carbonyldiimidazole was employed to activate the pendant hydroxyl groups in HEMA moieties and covalently coupled antibody molecules. The detection of the limit of the immunoassay platform was as low as 10 pg/mL. Antibody amount and bioactivity affected the availability of antibody and the sensitivity of immunoassay. The immune efficiency was dependent on the strategies of antibody immobilization. The immune efficiency of Au-g-P(SBMA-co-HEMA) and Au-SH surfaces measured by QCM-D was 165% and 35.7%, respectively. The covalently binding antibody via hydrophilic polymer chains as spacers could retain fragment antigen-binding up orientation, maintain the bioactivity of antibody, and mainly improve the accessibility of antibody molecules via adjusting the conformations of polymer chains when the antibodies recognized the antigens. Therefore, grafting hydrophilic polymers, such as zwitterionic PSBMA and reactive PHEMA onto nonwoven fabric PP, and binding antibody by covalent strategy had the potential to be developed as a commercial immunoassay platform.
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37.
  • Jocic, Simonne, et al. (författare)
  • Fabrication of user-friendly and biomimetic 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole cross-linked gelatin/agar microfluidic devices
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 76, s. 1175-1180
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have developed a straightforward technique for fabricating user-friendly and biomimetic microfluidic devices out of a gelatin/agar gel cross-linked with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole. The fabrication procedure requires only inexpensive starting materials such as glass capillaries and wires to mold 3D cylindrical channels into the gel with the possibility of achieving channel diameters of 375 μm and 1000 μm. We demonstrate that the channel absent of gel injury can retain fluid within its dimensions for at least 7 h. We also show that the device material does not autofluoresce nor provide hindrances with fluorescent imaging. A discussion of the chemical linkage identities of cross-linked gelatin/agar is included via ATR-FTIR studies. Crosslinking of the gelatin/agar is further confirmed by the lack of a gel to sol transition at physiological temperature as assessed by DSC measurements. SEM micrographs that demonstrate the 100 nm mean pore width of the cross-linked gelatin/agar are provided. This device is considered biomimetic because it represents components present in the natural extracellular matrix such as collagen and proteoglycans in the form of cross-linked gelatin/agar.
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38.
  • Juhasz, Robert, et al. (författare)
  • Size-reduced silicon nanowires : Fabrication and electrical characterization
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 25:5-8, s. 733-737
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Silicon nanowires of diameters down to 100 nm and typical lengths of 1-3 μm have been fabricated in silicon-on-insulator material by electron beam lithography and plasma etching. They were subsequently size-reduced by photoelectrochemical etching resulting in wire widths down to 10 nm. To enable accurate control of the photoelectrochemical size-reduction, a micro-electrochemical cell was developed, enabling single nanowires to be exposed to the etching solution while being illuminated by a laser or a lamp. The arrangement allows contact leads to be extended to metal contact pads located outside the cell, which can be connected by probes, allowing in situ electrical characterization of a nanowire during etching. In this paper, we describe the experimental setup, the fabrication method and show examples of achieved wire widths together with some preliminary results from the electrical characterization.
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39.
  • Kandhasamy, Subramani, et al. (författare)
  • Nanofibrous matrixes with biologically active hydroxybenzophenazine pyrazolone compound for cancer theranosticsx
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 74, s. 70-85
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The nanomaterial with the novel biologically active compounds has been actively investigated for application in cancer research. Substantial use of nanofibrous scaffold for cancer research with potentially bioactive compounds through electrospinning has not been fully explored. Here, we describe the series of fabrication of nanofibrous scaffold loaded with novel potential biologically active hydroxybenzo[a]phenazine pyrazol-5(4H)-one derivatives were designed, synthesized by a simple one-pot, two step four component condensation based on Michael type addition reaction of lawsone, benzene-1,2-diamine, aromatic aldehydes and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5 (4H)-one as the substrates. The heterogeneous solid state catalyst (Fe (III) Y-Zeolite) could effectively catalyze the reaction to obtain the product with high yield and short reaction time. The synthesized compounds (5a-5p) were analyzed by NMR, FTIR and HRMS analysis. Compound 5c was confirmed by single crystal XRD studies. All the compounds were biologically evaluated for their potential inhibitory effect on anticancer (MCF-7, Hep-2) and microbial (MRSA, MTCC 201 and FRCA) activities. Among the compounds 5i exhibited the highest levels of inhibitory activity against both MCF-7, Hep-2 cell lines. Furthermore, the compound 5i (BPP) was evaluated for DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry studies and cytotoxicity against MCF-7, Hep-2 and NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell lines. In addition, molecular docking (PDB ID: 1T46) studies were performed to predict the binding affinity of ligand with receptor. Moreover, the synthesized BPP compound was loaded in to the PHB-PCL nanofibrous scaffold to check the cytotoxicity against the MCF-7, Hep-2 and NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell lines. The in vitro apoptotic potential of the PHB-PCL-BPP nanofibrous scaffold was assessed against MCF-7, Hep-2 cancerous cells and fibroblast cells at 12, 24 and 48 h respectively. The nanofibrous scaffold with BPP can induce apoptosis and also suppress the proliferation of cancerous cells. We anticipate that our results can provide better potential research in nanomaterial based cancer research. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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40.
  • Krishnan, Srinivasan, et al. (författare)
  • Dual labeled Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticle based optical immunosensor for sensitive detection of E. coli
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 45, s. 337-342
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An optical nanobiosensor is presented using a fluorescent dye and anti-E. coli McAb anchored Ag@Silica core shell nanoparticles, for rapid and sensitive Escherichia coli detection in environmental samples. The synthesized dual labeled core shell (DLCS) nanoparticle shows intense fluorescence at 620 nm in solution, having a narrow emission with full width at half maxima (FWHM) of 10 nm, as a prerequisite to develop a sensitive detection platform for various biosensing applications. The specific E. coli was captured using an anti-E. coli antibody functionalized quartz glass, followed by a treatment with DLCS, where the photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to detect the target pathogen. The fabrication of the quartz glass based optical-immunosensor was monitored, and the results show changes in the photoluminescent patterns, which substantiate that varied species were immobilized on the surface of the antibody modified quartz glass. Consequently, the optical immunosensor demonstrated specificity and improved sensitivity, as compared to the customary methods, and was able to detect as low as 5 CFU/mL. The developed DLCS based optical immunosensor was evaluated with environmental water samples, which showed acceptable precision, reproducibility and stability, and could be readily applied to the routine monitoring of pathogenic microorganisms in the environmental samples, and most importantly, demonstrate the potential of a prototype development of a simple and inexpensive diagnostic technique.
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41.
  • Kuzmenko, Volodymyr, 1987, et al. (författare)
  • Enhanced growth of neural networks on conductive cellulose-derived nanofibrous scaffolds
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 58, s. 14-23
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The problemof recovery fromneurodegeneration needs new effective solutions. Tissue engineering is viewed as a prospective approach for solving this problemsince it can help to develop healthy neural tissue using supportivescaffolds. This study presents effective and sustainable tissue engineering methods for creating biomaterials from cellulose that can be used either as scaffolds for the growth of neural tissue in vitro or as drug screening models. To reach this goal, nanofibrous electrospun cellulose mats were made conductive via two different procedures: carbonization and addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The resulting scaffolds were much moreconductive than untreated cellulose material and were used to support growth and differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The cells were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy methods over a period of 15 days at different time points. The results showed that the cellulose-derived conductive scaffolds can provide support for good cell attachment, growth and differentiation. The formation of a neural network occurred within 10 days of differentiation, which is a promising length of time for SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
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42.
  • Kuzmenko, Volodymyr, 1987, et al. (författare)
  • Universal method for protein bioconjugation with nanocellulose scaffolds for increased cell adhesion
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 33:8, s. 4599-4607
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is an emerging biomaterial since it is biocompatible, integrates well with host tissue and can be biosynthesized in desired architecture. However, being a hydrogel, it exhibits low affinity for cell attachment, which is crucial for the cellular fate process. To increase cell attachment, the surface of BNC scaffolds was modified with two proteins, fibronectin and collagen type I, using an effective bioconjugation method applying 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium (CDAP) tetrafluoroborate as the intermediate catalytic agent. The effect of CDAP treatment on cell adhesion to the BNC surface is shown for human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the mouse mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2. In both cases, the surface modification increased the number of cells attached to the surfaces. In addition, the morphology of the cells indicated more healthy and viable cells. CDAP activation of bacterial nanocellulose is shown to be a convenient method to conjugate extracellular proteins to the scaffold surfaces. CDAP treatment can be performed in a short period of time in an aqueous environment under heterogeneous and mild conditions preserving the nanofibrillar network of cellulose.
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43.
  • Leskelä, Markku, et al. (författare)
  • Exploitation of atomic layer deposition for nanostructured materials
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 27:5-8, s. 1504-1508
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In making and modifying nanomaterials conformality is a prerequisite for the thin film deposition method. From its principle ALD is an ideal method for coating nanomaterials. In this paper the use of ALD for making nanostructured materials is exemplified by many ways: making of nanolaminates, deposition of thin films inside nanopores, as well as coating of nanofibers and nanorods. The materials deposited by ALD are mostly oxides, nitrides and metals.
  •  
44.
  • Lindahl, Carl, et al. (författare)
  • The influence of Sr content in calcium phosphate coatings
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 53, s. 322-330
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study calcium phosphate coatings with different amounts of strontium.(Sr) were prepared using a biomineralization method. The incorporation of Sr changed the composition and morphology of coatings from plate-like to sphere-like morphology. Dissolution testing indicated that the solubility of the coatings increased with increased Sr concentration. Evaluation of extracts (with Sr concentrations ranging from 0 to 237 mu g/mL) from the HA, 0.06Sr, 0.6Sr, and 12Sr coatings during in vitro cell cultures showed that Sr incorporation into coatings significantly enhanced the ALP activity in comparison to cells treated with control and HA eluted media. These findings show that calcium phosphate coatings could promote osteogenic differentiation even in a low amount of strontium. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
45.
  • Lukaszczyk, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Novel injectable biomaterials for bone augmentation based on isosorbide dimethacrylic monomers
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 40, s. 76-84
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Drawbacks with the commonly used PMMA-based bone cements, such as an excessive elastic modulus and potentially toxic residual monomer content, motivate the development of alternative cements. In this work an attempt to prepare an injectable biomaterial based on isosorbide-alicyclic diol derived from renewable resources was presented. Two novel dimethacrylic monomers ISDGMA - 2,5-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)-1,4:3,6-dianhydro-sorbitol and ISETDMA - dimethacrylate of ethoxylated isosorbide were synthesized and used to prepare a series of low-viscosity compositions comprising bioactive nano-sized hydroxyapatite in the form of a two-paste system. Formulations exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior, setting times between 2.6 min and 53 min at 37 degrees C and maximum curing temperatures of 65 degrees C. Due to the hydrophilic nature of ISDGMA, cured compositions could absorb up to 13.6% water and as a result the Young's modulus decreased from 1429 MPa down to 470 MPa. Both, poly(ISDGMA) and poly(ISETDMA) were subjected to a MU study on mice fibroblasts (BALB/3T3) and gave relative cell viabilities above 70% of control. A selected model bone cement was additionally investigated using human osteosarcoma cells (SaOS-2) in an MTS test, which exhibited concentration-dependent cell viability. The preliminary results, presented in this work reveal the potential of two novel dimethacrylic monomers in the preparation of an injectable biomaterial for bone augmentation, which could overcome some of the drawbacks typical for conventional acrylic bone cement. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
46.
  • Ma, Ming-Guo, et al. (författare)
  • Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide : influence of synthesis conditions on their morphological behavior and thermal stability
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 32:6, s. 1511-1517
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using cellulose solution and Fe(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O at 180 degrees C. The cellulose solution was obtained by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH/urea aqueous solution, which is a good system to dissolve cellulose and favors the synthesis of iron oxide without needing any template or other reagents. The phases, microstructure, and morphologies of nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). The effects of the heating time, heating temperature, cellulose concentration, and ferric nitrate concentration on the morphological behavior of products were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the cellulose concentration played an important role in both the phase and shape of iron oxide in nanocomposites. Moreover, the nanocomposites synthesized by using different cellulose concentrations displayed different thermal stabilities. 
  •  
47.
  • Marattukalam, Jithin James, et al. (författare)
  • Microstructure and corrosion behavior of laser processed NiTi alloy
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 57, s. 309-313
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™), a commercially available additive manufacturing technology, has been used to fabricate dense equiatomic NiTi alloy components. The primary aim of this work is to study the effect of laser power and scan speed on microstructure, phase constituents, hardness and corrosion behavior of laser processed NiTi alloy. The results showed retention of large amount of high-temperature austenite phase at room temperature due to high cooling rates associated with laser processing. The high amount of austenite in these samples increased the hardness. The grain size and corrosion resistance were found to increase with laser power. The surface energy of NiTi alloy, calculated using contact angles, decreased from 61 mN/m to 56 mN/m with increase in laser energy density from 20 J/mm2 to 80 J/mm2. The decrease in surface energy shifted the corrosion potentials to nobler direction and decreased the corrosion current. Under present experimental conditions the laser power found to have strong influence on microstructure, phase constituents and corrosion resistance of NiTi alloy.
  •  
48.
  • Maurizio, C., et al. (författare)
  • Thermal evolution of cobalt nanocrystals embedded in silica
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 27:1, s. 193-196
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The structural evolution of cobalt nanoclusters synthesized in silica glass by ion implantation has been investigated upon thermal annealing. The samples were characterized by in-situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, exploiting a synchrotron radiation beam and following their evolution during thermal treatments in vacuo up to T = 800 °C. Before heating, the system is composed of hcp Co nanocrystals; we have not detected the transition from hcp to fcc structure that in the bulk phase occurs around 420 °C; nevertheless, the differences in the diffraction pattern recorded at T = 800 °C with respect to the corresponding one at room temperature suggest the presence of a second crystalline phase. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  •  
49.
  • Meshram, Jagruti, et al. (författare)
  • Anti-microbial surfaces : An approach for deposition of ZnO nanoparticles on PVA-Gelatin composite film by screen printing technique
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 73:1, s. 257-266
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Initially micro-organisms get exposed to the surfaces, this demands development of anti-microbial surfaces to inhibit their proliferation. Therefore, herein, we attempt screen printing technique for development of PVA-GE/ZnO nanocomposite (PG/ZnO) films. The synthesis of PG/ZnO nanocomposite includes two steps as: (i) Coating of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by poly ethylene glycol in order to be compatible with organic counterparts. (ii) Deposition of coated nanoparticles on the PG film surface. The results suggest the enhancement in anti-microbial activity of PG/ZnO nanocomposite over pure ZnO NPs against both Gram positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram negative Escherichia coli from zone of inhibition. The uniformity in deposition is further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The phase identification of ZnO NPs and formation of PG/ZnO nanocomposite has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and UV–vis spectroscopy (UV–vis). The Attenuated total reflection Spectroscopy (ATR) analysis indicates the ester bond between PVA and gelatin molecules. The thermal stability of nanocomposite is studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealing increase in crystallinity due to ZnO NPs which could be utilized to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms. The tensile strength is found to be higher and percent elongation is double of PG/ZnO nanocomposite than PG composite film.
  •  
50.
  • Mestres, Gemma, et al. (författare)
  • Changes in the drug release pattern of fresh and set simvastatin-loaded brushite cement
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 58, s. 88-96
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Calcium phosphate cements are synthetic bone graft substitutes able to set at physiological conditions.They can be applied by minimally invasive surgery and can also be used as drug delivery systems.Consequently, the drug release pattern from the cement paste (fresh cement) is of high clinical interest.However, previous studies have commonly evaluated the drug release using pre-set cements only.Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine if the time elapsed from cement preparation untilimmersion in the solution (3 min for fresh cements, and 1 h and 15 h for pre-set cements) had aninfluence on its physical properties, and correlating these to the drug release profile. Simvastatin wasselected as a model drug, while brushite cement was used as drug carrier. This study quantified howthe setting of a material reduces the accessibility of the release media to the material, thus preventingdrug release. A shift in the drug release pattern was observed, from a burst-release for fresh cements toa sustained release for pre-set cements.
  •  
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