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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Björn, Inger, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate on mood symptoms in sequential hormonal therapy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 16, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare adverse mood effects of two different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) during postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with and without a history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The study was designed as a randomized double-blind cross-over study and included 36 postmenopausal women at three health care areas in northern Sweden. The women received 2 mg estradiol continuously during five 28-day cycles and 10 mg or 20 mg MPA sequentially for 12 days during each cycle. The main outcome measures were mood and physical symptoms noted on a daily rating scale. We found that physical symptoms did not differ between 10 and 20 mg MPA. Both women with a history of PMS and women without responded with more negative mood symptoms with the lower dose of MPA. In women with previous PMS the higher dose of MPA enhanced positive mood symptoms. With respect to mood and physical symptoms, the aim to lower MPA doses in HRT is unwarranted.
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| 5. |
- Darj, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Liver metabolism during treatment with estradiol and progesterone
- 1993
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 7:2, s. 111-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum concentrations of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG), ceruloplasmin, lipoprotein A and liver enzymes were measured in 30 postmenopausal women treated with 2 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol daily and micronized progesterone orally in doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg daily, as progestogen supplementation. The treatment lasted for 4 months. The serum levels of SHBG and CBG increased during treatment and a weak association between progesterone dosage and CBG was observed. Levels of lipoprotein A and liver enzymes did not change. It is concluded that micronized natural progesterone is an attractive means of progesterone supplementation in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy without any liver-related side-effects.
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| 6. |
- Ekenros, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in premenstrual symptoms in women starting or discontinuing use of oral contraceptives
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 35:5, s. 422-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is not clear whether oral contraceptive (OC) treatment affects premenstrual symptoms in women. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in premenstrual symptoms (PMS) in women starting to use or discontinuing the use of OCs. Twenty-four healthy women with no previous diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric disorder were included in this study with a prospective crossover design. Nineteen women completed daily ratings of somatic and mood symptoms during two hormonally different cycles, during a normal menstrual cycle and while using OCs. The menstrual cycle phases were hormonally verified and the low-dose, monophasic OCs were used in a 21/7 regimen. The onset of OC use significantly decreased premenstrual somatic symptoms, but it did not affect mood symptoms. In the women who discontinued OC use, no significant changes in neither somatic nor mood symptoms appeared in the premenstrual phase.
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| 7. |
- Elgán, Carina, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density and lifestyle among female students aged 16-24 years
- 2002
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 16:2, s. 91-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to investigate bone mineral density and bone turnover among female students aged 16-24 years in relation to lifestyle factors, such as dietary habits and physical activity, as well as physiological factors, such as age, body weight, and menstrual pattern. Female college and university students (n = 218) were given a validated questionnaire with 34 questions concerning diet, recreational physical activity, alcohol, smoking, menstrual pattern, weight gain and loss. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed using a heel bone scanner (DEXA). Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) levels were measured in urine samples. The data were analyzed by linear regression and multiple regression analysis. The mean BMD was 0.568 g/cm2. Multiple regression showed that hormonal age was a better predictor of high BMD and low bone mineral turnover than chronological age. The best model predicting high BMD was composed of physical activity, regular menstruation, hormonal age and body weight. Smoking, alcohol consumption and current calcium intake did not contribute to the model. A negative association between BMD and DPD was found, indicating an enhanced bone remodeling. A correlation was found between DPD and hormonal age, chronological age, sugar intake and time with irregular menses. In multiple regression analysis, hormonal age, high sugar intake and weight loss were the factors best predicting DPD. BMD was positively influenced by a healthy lifestyle, including a physically active life and healthy dietary habits without dieting. Our study shows that hormonal age is a stronger BMD predictor than chronological age. Menstrual disturbances might be an indication of a risk for low BMD and might therefore be a reason for measuring BMD among young females.
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| 8. |
- Elgán, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density and lifestyle among female students aged 16-24 years
- 2002
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 16:2, s. 91-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to investigate bone mineral density and bone turnover among female students aged 16-24 years in relation to lifestyle factors, such as dietary habits and physical activity, as well as physiological factors, such as age, body weight, and menstrual pattern. Female college and university students (n = 218) were given a validated questionnaire with 34 questions concerning diet, recreational physical activity, alcohol, smoking, menstrual pattern, weight gain and loss. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed using a heel bone scanner (DEXA). Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) levels were measured in urine samples. The data were analyzed by linear regression and multiple regression analysis. The mean BMD was 0.568 g/cm2. Multiple regression showed that hormonal age was a better predictor of high BMD and low bone mineral turnover than chronological age. The best model predicting high BMD was composed of physical activity, regular menstruation, hormonal age and body weight. Smoking, alcohol consumption and current calcium intake did not contribute to the model. A negative association between BMD and DPD was found, indicating an enhanced bone remodeling. A correlation was found between DPD and hormonal age, chronological age, sugar intake and time with irregular menses. In multiple regression analysis, hormonal age, high sugar intake and weight loss were the factors best predicting DPD. BMD was positively influenced by a healthy lifestyle, including a physically active life and healthy dietary habits without dieting. Our study shows that hormonal age is a stronger BMD predictor than chronological age. Menstrual disturbances might be an indication of a risk for low BMD and might therefore be a reason for measuring BMD among young females.
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| 9. |
- Elgán, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density changes in young women : a two year study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 19:4, s. 169-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Achievement of a high peak bone mass is considered a pivotal preventive strategy against future osteoporotic fractures. The ostensible interaction between physiology and lifestylefor the development of bone mass over time is sparsely outlined among young women. The aim of this study was to follow bone density and bone resorption over time among healthy young women in relation to lifestyle factors and to evaluate the perceived influence of other factors. Data were collected in 1999 and in 2001. Healthy young women (n=152) were given a structured questionnaire, a heel bone scanner (dual X-ray absorptiometry) performed bone mineral density measurements and deoxypyridinoline was measured in urine. Data were analyzed by linear, multiple and logistic regression analysis. Mean bone mineral density (BMD) was 0.562 g/cm2 (+/-0.090). Bone density at baseline was the best predictorfor the bone density atfollow-up. Bone density at baseline together with smoking and alcohol (dichotomized) accounted for 86.5% of the variation in bone density 2 years later. Of the participants 62% had decreased/unchanged bone density and 38% had increased their bone density from 1999 to 2001. Use of oral contraceptives or alcohol at baseline was associated with an increased risk of belonging to the group who decreased their bone density. Deoxypyridinoline was not a strongpredictor to bone density and all potential predictors of deoxypyridinoline had a minor influence (<10%). In conclusion, lifestyle behaviors such as use of oral contraceptives, smoking and alcohol consumption seem to have a negative influence on BMD development among young women and warrant further scrutiny.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Flöter, A, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of combined estrogen/testosterone therapy on bone and body composition in oophorectomized women.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590. ; 20:3, s. 155-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of adding testosterone undecanoate 40 mg daily to estrogen therapy on bone markers, bone mineral density and body composition in oophorectomized women. METHODS: Fifty women, 45-60 years old, who had undergone a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for benign disorders, were randomly assigned to oral treatment with testosterone undecanoate 40 mg plus estradiol valerate 2 mg daily or placebo plus estradiol valerate 2 mg daily. Twenty-four weeks later, cross-over was performed to the other treatment regimen. Forty-four women completed the study. Their serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3, osteocalcin, carboxyterminal telopeptide aminoterminal (ICTP), of type I collagen propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of both treatments, as were also their body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure. Bone mineral density of the total body, spine and hip and total body fat, total lean body mass, trunk fat and trunk lean mass were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements at baseline and after 24 weeks of both regimens. RESULTS: During treatment, the addition of testosterone counteracted the decrease in IGF-I and PICP seen with estrogen therapy alone. Osteocalcin and ICTP were significantly reduced to the same extent by both therapies. No change ocurred in the IL-1 receptor antagonist. A significant increase was seen in total lean body mass with the estrogen/testosterone regimen, but the total fat mass, trunk lean or fat mass remained unchanged after 24 weeks of both treatments. No effect was detected on total, hip or spinal bone mineral density after treatment with estrogen alone or estrogen/testosterone. Likewise, BMI and blood pressure were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of testosterone to oral estrogen might have positive effects on bone as suggested by the fact that it counteracted the decline in IGF-I and PICP levels. An anabolic effect on muscle was reflected by an increase in the total lean body mass. No adverse effects were noted on BMI, fat distribution or blood pressure during the 6-month treatment with oral testosterone undecanoate.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Gambadauro, Pietro, et al.
(författare)
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Unusually rapid growth of bilateral endometriomas and acute bilateral hydronephrosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 27:11, s. 948-950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrasonography can detect ovarian endometriomas, but negative findings cannot exclude other localizations of endometriosis, especially in symptomatic patients. We describe a case of sudden development of large bilateral endometriomas after a series of negative ultrasound scans, causing bilateral hydronephrosis. Our patient is a 32-year-old nulligravida with long-lasting dysmenorrhea, urinary symptoms, and familiarity for endometriosis, who had voluntarily discontinued oral contraceptives. Various pelvic scans had not shown pathological findings. Five months following the last negative scan, she presented with pain and increase of abdominal girth. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed large ovarian cysts (16 cm right - 10 cm left) and hydronephrosis bilaterally. She underwent conservative surgery followed by GnRH analogs. At a 6-months follow-up, she was symptom-free and ultrasonography showed no recurrence. Endometriosis has still an unknown mechanism of proliferation and its clinical behavior or progression is highly unpredictable. Severe uropathy is commonly related to direct ureteral involvement, but can also depend on an ab-extrinseco compression by large, rapidly growing endometriomas. Women at risk of endometriosis, who are not receiving empirical medical treatment, should be adequately and regularly assessed via pelvic ultrasonography and/or submitted to diagnostic laparoscopy in order to prevent serious consequences such as silent renal loss.
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| 16. |
- Gemzell-Danielsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Emergency contraception
- 2013
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-0766. ; 2929 Suppl 1, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 17. |
- Gemzell-Danielsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms of action of oral emergency contraception
- 2014
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-0766. ; 30:10, s. 685-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 18. |
- Gingnell, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome have lower levels of IgM anti-phosphorylcholine antibodies than healthy women
- 2011
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 27:7, s. 486-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. IgM antibodies against phosphorylcholine (IgM anti-PC) are natural autoantibodies, possibly exerting one of the atheroprotective functions of the immune system. Increased levels of these antibodies reduce the development of atherosclerosis in mice, and low levels of IgM anti-PC have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study compared levels of IgM anti-PC in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 111) and healthy controls (n = 79). Method. Levels of IgM anti-PC were measured with ELISA. Results. The median level of IgM anti-PC in patients with PCOS was not significantly different compared to control subjects. However, the proportion of patients with PCOS with low levels of IgM anti-PC, defined as number of individuals below the median level, was significantly higher than among healthy controls, p < 0.05. Patients with PCOS in the oldest age quintile had significantly lower level of IgM anti-PC than control subjects of similar age (p < 0.05) and younger women with PCOS (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Our results indicate that women with PCOS more frequently display below-median levels of IgM anti-PC than controls and older women with PCOS have lower median anti-PC levels. Further studies of how this finding translates into actual CVD risk in women with PCOS are needed.
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| 19. |
- Glasier, A, et al.
(författare)
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ISGE statement on oral emergency contraception
- 2014
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-0766. ; 30:10, s. 681-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Halbreich, Uriel, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical diagnostic criteria for premenstrual syndrome and guidelines for their quantification for research studies.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590. ; 23:3, s. 123-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a variety of symptoms appearing during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Although PMS is widely recognized, the etiology remains unclear and it lacks definitive, universally accepted diagnostic criteria. To address these issues an international multidisciplinary group of experts evaluated the current definitions and diagnostic criteria of PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Following extensive correspondence, a consensus meeting was held with the aim of producing updated diagnostic criteria for PMS and guidelines for clinical and research applications. This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the group. It is hoped that the criteria proposed by the group will become widely accepted and eventually be incorporated into the next edition of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). It is also hoped that the proposed guidelines for quantification of criteria will be used by clinicians and investigators to facilitate diagnostic uniformity in the field as well as adequate treatment modalities when warranted.
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| 22. |
- Hallberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of pre-and postmenopausal use of exogenous hormones on receptor content in normal human breast tissue: A randomized study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 24:8, s. 475-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To examine the effects of exposure to endogenous and exogenous hormones on estrogen receptor- (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels in normal human breast tissue. Methods. In a randomized study of women scheduled for mammary reduction plasty (n = 81), ER and PR content in breast parenchyma was analyzed in premenopausal (n = 49) and postmenopausal (n = 16) women. Premenopausal women were randomized to surgery in the follicular or luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or after oral contraceptive treatment for 2 months. Postmenopausal women were randomized to sequential or estrogen-only therapy for 2 months prior to surgery. Results. ER content was higher in parous than in nulliparous (p = 0.009) premenopausal women and displayed a positive association with age (rs = 0.51, p = 0.0002). Compared with premenopausal women in the follicular phase, postmenopausal women had higher ER content (p = 0.040) whereas premenopausal women on oral contraception had lower ER (p = 0.048) and PR (p = 0.007) content. Smokers had lower PR content than non-smokers (p = 0.02). Conclusion. In the present study ER content was higher in parous than in non-parous women and associated with premenopausal age. Short-term oral contraceptives yielded lower ER and PR contents. Postmenopausal estrogen/progestogen combined therapy yielded lower PR content than estrogen-only therapy.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Kirilovas, Dmitrijus, et al.
(författare)
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Conversion of circulating estrone sulfate to 17β-estradiol by ovarian tumor tissue : A possible mechanism behind elevated circulating concentrations of 17β-estradiol in postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 23:1, s. 25-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Elevated serum levels of 17beta-estradiol (E2) are frequently found in postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors not classified as estrogen-producing. Conversion of circulating estrone sulfate (E1S) to E2 is one alternative way of E2 formation in target tissues in postmenopausal women. Our aim was to find out if conversion of circulating E1S to E2 by the tumor tissue could be a reason for elevated serum E2 levels in postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors. METHOD: Serum E2 was measured in 12 postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors (nine benign, three malignant). Total hydrolysis of and [3H]E2 formation from [3H]E1S by the tumor tissue homogenates was studied in vitro. RESULTS: Serum E2 showed significant positive correlations with total hydrolysis of and [3H]E2 formation from [3H]E1S in the total material as well as in the benign tumor subgroup. [3H]E2 formation was the most important independent variable. CONCLUSION: Conversion of circulating E1S to E2 by the tumor tissue could be one important reason for elevated S-E2 levels in postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors.
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| 28. |
- Kirilovas, Dmitrijus, et al.
(författare)
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Granulosa cell aromatase enzyme activity : Effects of follicular fluid from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, using aromatase conversion and [11C]vorozole-binding assays
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 22:12, s. 685-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The local regulation of ovarian aromatase enzyme in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was studied with aromatase conversion and [C-11]vorozole-binding assays to analyze aromatase activity, substrate-enzyme affinity and number of aromatase binding sites in non-cultured human granulosa cells (GC) incubated with different sources and preparations of follicular fluid (FF). Incubation with FF from women stimulated in in vitro fertilization cycles with follicle-stimulating hormone yielded higher conversion activity than with FF from healthy women and PCOS patients, paralleled with higher substrate affinity (lower K-d) than with FF from healthy women. In PCOS women, charcoal-pretreated FF yielded higher conversion, whereas the ether-pretreated FF yielded lower conversion activity, than with untreated PCOS FF. Both preparations of FF yielded higher affinity to substrate (lower Kd values) and the ether-pretreated FF a lower number of binding sites (B-max). It seems that steroids with the presence of proteins in PCOS FF reduced aromatase conversion activity through decreased substrate affinity, whereas FF preparations devoid of proteins reduced the aromatase conversion activity mainly through blocking of aromatase active sites. Identification of specific agents responsible for this rapid regulation of aromatase function might help to understand normal regulation of the menstrual cycle and supposed imbalances of inhibitors/activators in PCOS.
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| 29. |
- Kocoska-Maras, L., et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive function in association with sex hormones in postmenopausal women
- 2013
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 29:1, s. 59-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have suggested gender differences in cognitive function, but data on the association between sex hormones and cognitive function are contradictory. The aim of our randomized double-blind study was to explore the possible relations between cognitive function and serum levels of sex hormones, oxytocin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in postmenopausal women. Two-hundred healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive estrogen, testosterone or placebo treatment for 1 month. The associations of spatial ability, verbal fluency and verbal memory with serum levels of estradiol, testosterone, estradiol/testosterone ratio, androstanediol, oxytocin and IGF-I were analyzed. Spatial ability showed a negative correlation with serum estradiol, estradiol/testosterone ratio, oxytocin levels and a positive association with androstanediol levels. Verbal fluency displayed a negative relationship with serum levels of testosterone, IGF-I and a positive with estradiol/testosterone ratio. Verbal memory displayed a positive correlation to androstanediol. Data suggest that not only absolute levels of sex hormones but also the balance between estrogen and testosterone and their metabolites may be important for cognitive function in women.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- KubliKiene, K, et al.
(författare)
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Gender issues in cardiovascular medicine
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590. ; 23:7, s. 363-365
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) during normal pregnancy
- 2013
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 29:2, s. 129-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is the main binder of IGFs in secretory endometrium and decidualized stromal endometrial cells and IGFBP-1 has been shown to modulate IGF bioactivities and influence fetal growth. To be able to evaluate IGFBP-1 values during pregnancy it is important to establish normal values in pregnant women.Materials & Methods:We have studied IGFBP-1 concentrations in maternal plasma from 52 healthy women with normal singleton pregnancies. Several plasma samples were collected from each woman and the samples were grouped according to gestational age into the following periods: week 7-17; week 17-24; week 24-28; week 28-31; week 31-34; week 34-38; -2 to 0 weeks prior to delivery and postpartum (>6 weeks after delivery).Results:The 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for IGFBP-1 were calculated according to the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry on the statistical treatment of reference values.Conclusions:IGFBP-1 is increased during pregnancy compared to postpartum. Two peaks, at week 17-24 and just before delivery, were observed.
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| 33. |
- Liedman, Ragner, et al.
(författare)
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Myometrial oxytocin receptor mRNA concentrations at preterm and term delivery-the influence of external oxytocin
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 25:3, s. 188-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hormonal system for induction of term and preterm labour is not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated myometrial gene expressions for neurohypophyseal hormones and their receptors, prostaglandin F2 and ovarian steroid receptors in women delivered by Caesarean section. Myometrial tissue for real time PCR was collected from 39 women delivered at term before and after the onset of labour and preterm. Women delivered electively at term had significantly higher oxytocin receptor mRNA expressions (2.520.37 oxytocin receptor/actin; medianSEM) than those delivered with ongoing labour at term (1.010.34; p=0.015) and those at preterm (1.080.25; p=0.004). Sub-analyses revealed that the difference at term pregnancies solely was related to patients receiving oxytocin during labour (p=0.007). These patients had higher oxytocin peptide mRNA levels than those without labour at term (p=0.009). PGF2 receptor mRNA concentrations were 27.803.55, 11.462.87 and 19.545.52 PGF receptor/actin, respectively, for the groups. Women without labour at term had higher concentration than those with labour (p=0.005). Our results suggest that oxytocin, its receptor and the PGF2 receptor are involved in the regulation of labour through a paracrine mechanism.
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| 34. |
- Liedman, Ragner, et al.
(författare)
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Reproductive hormones in plasma over the menstrual cycle in primary dysmenorrhea compared with healthy subjects.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 24:9, s. 508-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathogenesis of primary dysmenorrhea is still poorly understood. The objective of the present investigation was to study differences in plasma concentrations of reproductive hormones in women with primary dysmenorrhea vs. healthy controls. In a prospective, parallel-group study we determined the plasma concentrations of oxytocin, vasopressin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17beta-estradiol (17beta-E2), progesterone and prostaglandin F 2alpha metabolite (15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF 2alpha) over one menstrual cycle in eight women with primary dysmenorrhea and eight healthy volunteers. In dysmenorrheic women the plasma concentration of oxytocin was significantly higher at menstruation (p = 0.0084) and that of vasopressin significantly lower at ovulation (p = 0.0281) compared with healthy women. They had also higher FSH levels in the early follicular phase (p = 0.0087) and at menstruation (p = 0.0066) and the 17beta-E2 concentration was higher in the late follicular phase (p = 0.0449). No differences were seen for LH, progesterone and PGF 2alpha metabolite. The differences of oxytocin, vasopressin, FSH and 17beta-E2 concentrations found in plasma suggest an involvement of these hormones in mechanisms of primary dysmenorrhea. These mechanisms seem to be mainly regulated through the hypothalamus and pituitary. The influence of oxytocin on the non-pregnant uterus seems to be more important than earlier believed.
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| 35. |
- Lind, Tekla, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative AMH reduction is not associated with reduced fecundity two years following ovarian cyst surgery
- 2016
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 32:9, s. 745-748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a prospective study, we investigated the impact of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) changes following ovarian cyst surgery on the probability to achieve pregnancy and live birth. Women of reproductive age (n = 60) were included before surgery for benign ovarian cysts. Serum AMH concentrations were determined pre- and postoperative at 6 and 24 months. Information regarding pregnancy wish and attempts to conceive were obtained by a questionnaire. At the time of inclusion, 45/60 women reported desire of children. At six months, the levels of AMH decreased significantly in the whole group and further reduction was observed at two years (from 2.7 μg/L to 2.0 μg/L to 1.1 μg/L, respectively, p< 0.008), with a percentage reduction of 42.9%. At two-year follow-up, 36 women reported to have attempted to conceive and 18 achieved pregnancy (50%), with a live birth rate of 33%. The percentage change in AMH at two years did not differ significantly between the women who conceived versus those who did not (p = 0.117). Data reported herein demonstrate that the AMH reduction following ovarian cyst surgery is maintained two years after surgery; however, the postoperative AMH decrease that follows ovarian cyst surgery might not reduce the chances to achieve pregnancy.
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| 36. |
- Lindholm, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in obese and lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
- 2010
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 26:10, s. 743-748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Disturbances in the fibrinolytic system are predictors of future cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to compare plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) activity and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mass concentration between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control subjects. DESIGN: One hundred thirty-five patients with PCOS (lean and obese) and 81 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Blood samples for PAI-1 activity and tPA mass were collected together with anthropometric measures. RESULTS: Obese patients with PCOS displayed increased tPA mass concentration in comparison with controls (p <0.05), and this finding was consistent regardless of whether patients displayed signs of hyperandrogenism or not. When hyperandrogenism was introduced as a prerequisite for the PCOS diagnosis, obese patients with PCOS displayed increased PAI-1 activity as well, p <0.05. Lean patients with PCOS did not differ in terms of PAI-1 activity or tPA mass concentration in comparison to controls. CONCLUSION: Obese women with PCOS have impaired fibrinolysis, in particular if they also display objective biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism.
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| 38. |
- Lundstrom, E, et al.
(författare)
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Estrone - a partial estradiol antagonist in the normal breast
- 2015
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Ingår i: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-0766. ; 31:9, s. 747-749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
- Möller, Marika Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of estrogen and testosterone replacement therapy on cognitive fatigue
- 2013
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 29:2, s. 173-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both estrogen and testosterone insufficiency has been associated with reduced psychological well-being including fatigue. However, hormonal replacement studies on fatigue are rare. Therefore, we wanted to study the effect of testosterone and estrogen replacement therapy on cognitive fatigue and the relation between sex hormone levels and cognitive fatigue in oophorectomized women. Fifty women with surgically induced menopause (mean age: 54.0±2.9 years) were randomly assigned to treatment with estradiol valerate in combination with testosterone undecanoate or placebo for 24 weeks in a double-blind cross-over study. Neuropsychological tests and questionnaires were used to assess cognitive fatigue and psychological well-being. Cognitive fatigue was significantly associated to poor self-rated health and higher body mass index but not to general psychological well-being or sex hormone levels. Treatment with testosterone + estrogen had no significant effect on cognitive fatigue but the results indicated a curvilinear relation for hormonal levels. The estrogen/testosterone ratio was more related to functions rather than high or low hormone levels per se. We found that cognitive fatigue is frequent in oophorectomized women and negatively associated to self-perceived health and positively associated to BMI. A well-balanced ratio between estrogen and testosterone levels may be important for cognitive fatigue.
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| 42. |
- Naessen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Case report: acromegaly and breast cancer in a woman with turner syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 37:11, s. 1046-1049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To present a case with a woman with Turner syndrome (TS) with acromegaly and breast cancer, in her medical history. Method A descriptive case report of a single patient. Results The woman had short stature and lack of puberty and was not treated with hormones. When she was 36-year-old, acromegaly was diagnosed. She was treated with transsphenoidal surgery, followed by external radiation on the adenoma, without any affection on the pituitary gland. Annual controls revealed ordinary pituitary axes during 40 years' follow-up. She was treated for hypertension, had an aortic dilatation and started menopausal hormone therapy (MHT),1 mg estradiol and 0.5 mg norethisterone acetate daily, at the age of 50, due to osteoporosis. At the age of 60, she was diagnosed with breast cancer at the mammography screening. After, mastectomy, neoadjuvant radiation, and treatment with tamoxifen citrate were given due to the tubular breast cancer. Conclusions Despite a possible growth hormone (GH) resistance and lack of endogenous estradiol in women with TS, this patient was diagnosed with acromegaly and breast cancer. This case demonstrates the potential for co-occurring two hormonally active tumors in a woman with TS with monosomy karyotype.
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| 45. |
- Nazeri, Kavoos, et al.
(författare)
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Colorectal cancer in middle-aged women in relation to hormonal status: A report from the Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 22:8, s. 416-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To delineate a perceived association of estradiol versus estradiol plus norethisterone hormone therapy on the prevalence of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women. Methods. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) project covers 10 766 women aged 50-60 years, living in the Lund area, Sweden. Out of this population, 6908 (64%) women completed questionnaires, underwent physical and laboratory assessments and had self-reported information regarding colorectal cancer. Four hundred and twenty-two (6%) were premenopausal (PM), 3600 (52%) were postmenopausal without hormone therapy (PM0), 2452 (36%) were postmenopausal with combined hormone therapy (PMT-HT) and 364 (5%) were postmenopausal with estrogen monotherapy (PMT-E). Results. There were 21 cases of colorectal cancer (0.3%), one in the PM group, 16 in the PM0 group, two in the PMT-HT group and another two in the PMT-E group. Colorectal cancer prevalence was lower in the PMT-HT than in the PM0 group (odds ratio (OR) = 0.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04-0.80). However, for the PMT-E group, the OR (95% CI) was 1.02 (0.86-1.20). There was a positive association between low physical activity (p = 0.04), low parity (p = 0.02) and risk of colorectal cancer. Conclusion. Combined hormone therapy seemed to be associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women in contrast to estrogen monotherapy. Hence the progestin might have a protective role.
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| 46. |
- Nyberg, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Allopregnanolone decrease with symptom improvement during placebo and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment in women with severe premenstrual syndrome
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 23:5, s. 257-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone and pregnanolone are suggested to be of importance for the pathophysiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the luteal-phase serum concentrations of these neurosteroids are associated with improvement of premenstrual symptoms in 12 women with severe premenstrual syndrome after treatment with low-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and placebo. METHODS: Daily ratings for mood and physical symptoms were made prior to treatment and throughout the study. Serum progesterone, allopregnanolone and pregnanolone were assessed in the luteal phase (cycle day -9 to cycle day -1). Based on their symptom ratings, subjects were grouped as either buserelin responders (n = 6) or placebo responders (n = 6). RESULTS: Buserelin responders displayed decreased levels of allopregnanolone (p < 0.05) and progesterone (p < 0.05) in parallel with improvement of symptoms. During the placebo treatment, the placebo responders had lower serum allopregnanolone concentrations than buserelin responders (p < 0.05). This was associated with improvement in symptoms compared with pre-treatment ratings. CONCLUSION: Treatment response, whether induced by buserelin or placebo, appears to be associated with a decrease in allopregnanolone concentration.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Pierzynski, Piotr, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of short-term, low-dose treatment with tamoxifen in patients with primary dysmenorrhea
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 22:12, s. 698-703
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current treatment of painful periods and other symptoms related to primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is usually commenced with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or oral contraceptives, which fails in about 10% of affected patients. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM), has been demonstrated to directly inhibit uterine contractions, causing improvement in uterine blood flow. It could be considered for application in selected groups of dysmenorrheic patients, for instance carriers of breast cancer-associated antigen (BRCA) genes, breast cancer survivors or women with advanced endometriosis. Thus the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of short-term treatment with tamoxifen on PD and PD-related symptoms, as well as its direct effect on parameters of intrauterine pressure during the painful menstruation, in a group of dysmenorrheic patients. After two cycles of administration of tamoxifen we noted a significant decrease in bleeding together with reductions in the severity of menstrual cramps, diarrhea, headache, fatigue and anxiety. In intrauterine pressure assessments, tamoxifen significantly decreased propagation of uterine contractions. In conclusion, SERMs such as tamoxifen may constitute a therapeutic option in selected groups of patients, improving dysmenorrheic symptoms. Additionally to its receptor-mediated effects, tamoxifen was shown to exert a direct influence on uterine contractile activity that may explain the decrease of menstrual pain and cramps noted in the studied group.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Pohl, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index influences plasma concentration of neuropeptide Y in healthy female volunteers : A pilot study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 17:5, s. 409-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was measured in plasma obtained from healthy female volunteers twice in the natural menstrual cycle or the hormonal cycle caused by oral contraceptives about 2 weeks apart. The ratio between the NPY plasma concentration in the second sample and the first sample was influenced negatively by body mass index (BMI). There were no differences in NPY plasma concentrations on comparing the first and second samples. Age and the use or non-use of oral contraceptives did not exert any influence. BMI might be a confounding factor when determining NPY in the plasma of healthy women.
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