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- Deepak, K G, et al.
(författare)
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Smokeless tobacco use among patients with tuberculosis in Karnataka : the need for cessation services.
- 2012
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Ingår i: National Medical Journal of India. - 0970-258X. ; 25:3, s. 142-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: India is home to the largest population of patients with tuberculosis and tobacco users in the world. Smokeless tobacco use exceeds smoking and is increasing. There is no study to date that reports smokeless tobacco use before and after the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. We assessed smokeless tobacco use among former patients of tuberculosis in Karnataka, India.METHODS: We conducted a community-based, cross sectional study among 202 men, who had been diagnosed and treated for tuberculosis (mean age 48 years), selected by multistage, random sampling. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, retrospective smoking and smokeless tobacco use were captured at eight time-points before and after the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.RESULTS: Most patients suspended tobacco use during treatment. A high 44% prevalence of smokeless tobacco use 6 months before diagnosis was reduced to just 8% during the intensive phase of treatment and climbed to 27% 6 months after treatment. The tobacco use relapse rate 6 months after completion of treatment was higher for smokeless tobacco use (52%, 95% CI 41%-62%) than for smoking (36%, 95% CI 26%-45%). We also found that many patients who were advised to quit smoking continued using smokeless tobacco after completion of treatment. Additionally, new smokeless tobacco use was documented. Of the 11 new exclusive smokeless tobacco users, 10 shifted from smoking to smokeless tobacco use as a form of harm reduction.CONCLUSION: Patients with tuberculosis are advised by their doctors, at the time of diagnosis, to quit smoking. Several patients shift from smoking to smokeless tobacco use, which needs to be addressed while providing tobacco cessation services.
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| 2. |
- Ekstrom, M, et al.
(författare)
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Condom use: Why not?
- 2006
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Ingår i: National Medical Journal of India. - 0970-258X. ; 19:3, s. 172-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 5. |
- Rangamani, Sukanya, et al.
(författare)
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Health issues of sanitation workers in a town in Karnataka : Findings from a lay health-monitoring study
- 2015
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Ingår i: National Medical Journal of India. - 0970-258X. ; 28:2, s. 70-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Official estimates are not available for mortality or morbidity among sanitation workers (including manual scavengers) in India. Little is known about their health issues and health-seeking behaviour in the context of their occupational hazards (work practices and exposures). We attempted to understand the nature of health problems of sanitation workers using a lay epidemiological process. Methods. A community-based organization working in Chitradurga town in Karnataka for the development of sanitation workers recorded the health problems of workers and their treatment-seeking practices every month using a health-monitoring tool. We used a lay epidemiological approach to identify occupational health problems and deficiencies in healthcare access through the narrative of workers' perceptions of their illness. Descriptive analysis was done to map the occupational health status, healthcare-seeking practices and the social support mechanisms in place. Results. Injuries and chest pain were the most commonly reported illnesses. Most workers continued to work without appropriate treatment as they ignored their illness, and did not want to miss their wages or lose their job. Self-medication was common. Intake of alcohol was prevalent to cope with the inhuman task of cleaning filthy sewage, and as a modality to forget their health problems. The pattern of illnesses reported during monthly monitoring was also reported as long-standing illnesses. Health and safety mechanisms at workplace did not exist and were not mandated by regulatory bodies. Conclusion. Health and safety of sanitation workers has been inadequately addressed in public health research. Sanitation work lacks specific protective regulatory guidelines to address health hazards unlike other hazardous occupations. The government needs to institute an adequate health-monitoring and healthcare system for sanitation workers.
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