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- Danielsson, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Response of severely obese children and adolescents to behavioral treatment.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 166:12, s. 1103-1108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether the degree of obesity predicts the efficacy of long-term behavioral treatment and to explore any interaction with age.DESIGN:A 3-year longitudinal observational study. Obese children were divided into 3 age groups (6-9, 10-13, and 14-16 years) and also into 2 groups (moderately obese, with a body mass index [BMI]-standard deviation [SD] score [or z score] of 1.6 to <3.5, and severely obese, with a BMI-SD score of ≥3.5).SETTING:National Childhood Obesity Center, Stockholm, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS:Children 6 to 16 years of age who started treatment between 1998 and 2006.INTERVENTION:Behavioral treatment of obesity.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Change in BMI-SD score during 3 years of treatment; a reduction in BMI-SD score of 0.5 units or more was defined as clinically significant.RESULTS:A total of 643 children (49% female children) met the inclusion criteria. Among the youngest moderately obese children, 44% had a clinically significant reduction in BMI-SD score (mean reduction, -0.4 [95% CI, -0.55 to -0.32]). Treatment was less effective for the older moderately obese children. Twenty percent of children who were 10 to 13 years of age and 8% of children who were 14 to 16 years of age had a reduction in BMI-SD score of 0.5 units or more; 58% of the severely obese young children showed a clinically significant reduction in BMI-SD score (mean reduction, -0.7 [95% CI, -0.80 to -0.54]). The severely obese adolescents showed no change in mean BMI-SD score after 3 years, and 2% experienced clinically significant weight loss. Age was found to be a predictor of a reduction in BMI-SD score (odds ratio, 0.68 units per year [95% CI, 0.60-0.77 units per year]).CONCLUSIONS:Behavioral treatment was successful for severely obese children but had almost no effect on severely obese adolescents.
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- Duberg, Anna, 1976-
(författare)
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Something about the dance
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - : American Medical Association. - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 166:11, s. 1037-1044
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Eilegård Wallin, Alexandra, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of parental dissolution of partnership following the loss of a child to cancer : A population-based long-term follow-up
- 2010
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - Chicago : American Medical Association. - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 164:1, s. 100-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common belief is that bereaved parents are more likely to separate than others, but previous research has been unable to settle this issue owing to conflicting findings. Parents of a child with cancer are at increased risk of psychological distress and possibly also marital strain. Sirki et al studied parents who lost a child during active cancer treatment or terminal care and found that divorce was significantly more common among couples with a child in terminal care compared with a child in active cancer therapy. No conclusive studies on long-term marital status in parents having lost a child to cancer have been conducted. Therefore, we assessed parental dissolution of a partnership 4 to 9 years following the loss of a child to cancer compared with parents from the general population.
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- Nilsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Allergic Disease at the Age of 7 Years after Pertussis Vaccination in Infancy : Results from the Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial of 3 Vaccines
- 2003
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - Chicago, IL, United States : American Medical Association. - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 157:12, s. 1184-1189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To prospectively assess sensitization rates and the development of allergic diseases in a follow-up of a randomized controlled pertussis vaccine trial. Setting: Two-month-old infants were the subject of this double-blind study in 1992 in a collaboration between the Pediatric Clinic and the Primary Care Centers in Linköping. Patients and Intervention: Allergic diseases were evaluated in 667 children, who were randomized to 1 of 4 vaccine groups: a 2-component, a 5-component, or a whole cell pertussis vaccine (all of which were administered with the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids vaccine) and the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids vaccine alone. Allergy development was assessed by questionnaires (n = 667) and skin prick tests (n= 538) at the age of 7 years. Main Outcome Measures: Allergic diseases and skin prick test results at the age of 7 years. Results: The cumulative incidence of allergic diseases was 34.9%, and was similar in the 4 groups (33.3%-37.3%, P =.89), even after adjusting for family history, sex, pets, dampness, environmental smoking at home, and other living conditions. Positive skin prick test results were more prevalent, however, after vaccination with the 2-component acellular vaccine (19.4%) than in the other 3 groups (11.1%-13.5%, adjusted for confounding factors, P=.01). Furthermore, allergic rhino-conjunctivitis was more common in children who were initially immunized with the 2-component pertussis vaccine and received a booster dose with an acellular vaccine compared with those who received no booster vaccination (relative risk, 3.6, 95% confidence interval, 1.1-12.0). Conclusion: Pertussis vaccination in infancy with any of these vaccines was not associated with allergic manifestations at the age of 7 years, apart from a higher prevalence of positive skin prick test results after an experimental 2-component vaccine, which is no longer in use.
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- Åsling-Monemi, Kajsa, et al.
(författare)
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Violence against women and increases in the risk of diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in infancy : a prospective cohort study in Bangladesh
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 163:10, s. 931-936
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore whether different forms of violence against women were associated with increased incidence rates of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections among infants. DESIGN: A 12-month follow-up study embedded in a food and micronutrient supplementation trial. SETTING: Rural Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS: Pregnant women and their 3132 live-born children. MAIN EXPOSURE: Maternal exposure to physical, sexual, and emotional violence and level of controlling behavior in the family. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Infants' risk of falling ill with diarrheal diseases and respiratory tract infections in relation to mothers' exposure to different forms of violence. Adjusted for household economic conditions, mother's education level, parity, and religion. RESULTS: Fifty percent of the women reported lifetime experience of family violence. Infants of mothers exposed to different forms of family violence had 26% to 37% higher incidence of diarrhea. Any lifetime family violence was positively associated with increased incidence of diarrheal diseases (adjusted rate ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.30) and lower respiratory tract infections (adjusted rate ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.46). Further, all forms of family violence were also independently positively associated with infant illness, and the highest incidence rates were found among the daughters of severely physically abused mothers. CONCLUSION: Family violence against women was positively associated with an increased risk of falling ill with diarrheal and respiratory tract infections during infancy. The present findings add to increasing evidence of the magnitude of public health consequences of violence against women.
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- Åslund, Cecilia, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective social status and shaming experiences in relation to adolescent depression
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1072-4710 .- 1538-3628. ; 163:1, s. 55-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate associations between social status, shaming experiences and adolescent depression by the use of a status-shaming model. Design: Population-based self-report cohort study. Setting: Västmanland, Sweden. Participants: A cohort of 5396 students in grade nine (15-16 years old) and second year of high school (17-18 years old). Intervention: Participants completed the anonymous questionnaire Survey of Adolescent Life in Vestmanland - 2006 (SALVe 2006) during class hours. Outcome Measures: We investigated prevalence of depression according to DSRS (DSM IV, A-criterion), in relation to subjective social status, shaming experiences, and social background factors. Social status was measured in two ways - attributed status of a family’s socioeconomic and social standing, and acquired status of peer group and school. Binary logistic regressions were used for the analyses. Results: Shaming experiences and low social status interacted in relation to depression. If shaming experiences were present, participants with both high and low attributed status showed an elevated risk for depression (OR 5.4-6.9), whereas medium status seemed to have a protective function. For acquired status, the highest elevated risk was found among participants with low status (OR 6.7-8.6). Conclusions: It is possible that a person’s social status may influence the risk for depression when subjected to shaming experiences. The study contributes to the mapping of the influence of social status on health, and may have essential implications in the understanding, prevention and treatment of adolescent depression.
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