| 1. |
- Aboagye, Emmanuel, et al.
(author)
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Exhaustion and Impaired Work Performance in the Workplace : Associations With Presenteeism and Absenteeism
- 2019
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 61:11, s. 438-444
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between presenteeism and absenteeism during the previous year and the current levels of exhaustion and impaired work performance in a Swedish university setting.Methods: In a study of 3525 employees, an ordinal logistic regression and general linear model was used to examine the association between presenteeism and absenteeism during the previous year and the current exhaustion and impaired work performance, respectively.Results: Presenteeism, but not absenteeism, during the previous year independently increased the risk of having moderate or severe exhaustion. Presenteeism, absenteeism, and exhaustion remained positively associated with impaired work performance when health status and other confounders had been adjusted for.Conclusions: Presenteeism, but not absenteeism, was associated with exhaustion. Both presenteeism and absenteeism were the salient correlates of impaired work performance.
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| 2. |
- Aboagye, Emmanuel, et al.
(author)
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What is Number of Days in Number of Times? : Associations Between, and Responsiveness of, Two Sickness Presenteeism Measures
- 2020
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:5, s. e180-e185
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To examine the associations between sickness presenteeism (SP) reported as number of days with SP reported as number of times and to evaluate their responsiveness.Methods: The study population (n = 454) consisted of employed individuals, at risk of long-term sickness absence. Correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between the two SP measures and external constructs such as work performance, general health, and registered sick leave. Both SP constructs were measured several times to examine responsiveness.Results: The SP measures are moderately correlated. They moderately correlated with work performance and health status measures. SP reported as number of times seems to be more sensitive than number of days in detecting changes after rehabilitation.Conclusions: Numerical or categorical constructs are valid sources of data on SP. However, categorized SP seems to be more responsive.
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| 3. |
- Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948
(author)
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Physical work load and pregnancy outcome
- 1995
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752. ; 37:8, s. 941-4
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pronounced physical exertion may influence intraabdominal pressure and uterine blood flow, hormonal balance, and nutritional status, all of which are important determinants of embryonic and fetal development and survival. Most of the epidemiologic evidence of reproductive effects from occupational physical activity concerns gestational age/premature birth, birth weight/intrauterine growth retardation, and spontaneous abortion. Strenuous work, especially when involving long hours of standing and walking, seems to increase the risk of preterm delivery. The effect on intrauterine growth and spontaneous abortion risk is less clear. As a single factor, heavy lifting has in most circumstances not been associated with a significantly increased risk of these outcomes. In general, heavy work duties should be avoided, and enough rest periods assured, especially in late pregnancy.
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| 4. |
- Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948, et al.
(author)
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Reproductive effects of chemical exposures in health professions
- 1995
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752. ; 37:8, s. 957-61
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Numerous chemical substances are handled by persons working in the health care sector. At exposure levels that may occur in the occupational setting, some of these substances are potentially harmful to the reproductive processes. Among the potentially harmful substances are anesthetic gases, antineoplastic agents, and sterilants. The epidemiological evidence of increased risks for adverse reproductive effects (eg, subfertility, spontaneous abortions, congenital defects) from such exposure is not unequivocal. However, due to the toxic potential, exposures should be kept at a minimum, and this may be especially important for workers who are pregnant or are planning to achieve pregnancy.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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Respiratory Health and Inflammatory Markers : Exposure to Cobalt in the Swedish Hard Metal Industry
- 2020
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 62:10, s. 820-829
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between inhalable dust and cobalt and respiratory symptoms, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide in expired air and CC16 in the Swedish hard metal industry.METHODS: Personal sampling of inhalable dust and cobalt, medical examination including blood sampling was performed for 72 workers. Exposure-response relationships was determined using logistic, linear and mixed model analysis.RESULTS: The average inhalable dust and cobalt concentrations were 0.079 and 0.0017 mg/m, respectively. Statistically significant increased serum levels of CC16 were determined when the high and low cumulative exposures for cobalt were compared. Non-significant exposure-response relationships was observed between cross-shift inhalable dust or cobalt exposures and asthma, nose dripping and bronchitis.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an exposure-response relationship between inhalable cumulative cobalt exposure and CC16 levels in blood, which may reflect an injury or a reparation process in the lungs.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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Silica Exposure and Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Respiratory Morbidity in a Cohort of Male Swedish Iron Foundry Workers
- 2023
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 731-739
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, we present quantitative exposure-response data on silica exposure in male Swedish iron foundry workers receiving inpatient care for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory morbidity. The study show a significantly increased COPD risk at cumulative silica exposures that correspond to TWA silica below the Swedish OEL of 0.1 mg/m3. ObjectiveWe present quantitative exposure-response data on silica exposure in male Swedish iron foundry workers for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory morbidity.MethodsThis research is a cohort study of 2063 male Swedish iron foundry workers. From the Swedish National Patient Registers, data on morbidity incidence were retrieved. A historical measurement database of 1667 respirable silica exposure measurements from 10 Swedish iron foundries was used to calculate the cumulative exposure dose for each worker.ResultsIncreased morbidity risk for the whole group of foundry workers was determined for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, and pneumonia. In addition, an increased risk for COPD at cumulative silica exposures ranging from 0.11 to 0.84 mg/m3 year is presented.ConclusionsThe study presents a significantly increased COPD risk at cumulative silica exposures below the Swedish occupational exposure limit.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Maria J E, et al.
(author)
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The idiopathic environmental intolerance symptom inventory: development, evaluation, and application.
- 2009
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In: Journal of occupational and environmental medicine / American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1536-5948 .- 1076-2752. ; 51:7, s. 838-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To develop, evaluate, and apply a questionnaire-based instrument for investigation of specific symptoms in idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI), called the Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance Symptom Inventory (IEISI). METHODS: Participants with IEI to chemicals responded to 82 candidate symptoms and to three subscales of the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) at a test (n = 207) and retest (n = 193) occasion. RESULTS: The 27 most commonly reported symptoms were selected and grouped into five symptom categories. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity were found to be satisfying. Cluster analysis identified two subgroups of IEI to chemicals. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide support for the IEISI being a reliable, valid, and fast tool for the study of specific symptom prevalence in IEI and encourage further study of subgroups.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Arnetz, Bengt B, et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal determinants of energy levels in knowledge workers
- 2014
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:1, s. 79-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Increasingly, workers in the service, welfare, and health care sectors suffer adverse effects (ie, depression, burnout, etc) of "low-energy syndromes." Less is known about energy-based outcomes among knowledge workers. This study aimed to identify determinants of self-rated energy in knowledge workers and examine how these determinants change over time.METHODS: In collaboration with a large union and employer federation, 317 knowledge workers in Sweden responded to the health and productivity survey three times.RESULTS: At each assessment, worry, satisfaction with eating habits, and work-effectiveness were predictive of energy levels; however, only work-effectiveness covaried with energy over time.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that perceived work-effectiveness is an important factor in preventing knowledge workers from experiencing "low-energy syndromes." Lifestyle factors also play a role. Therefore, multifaceted interventions for increasing energy are needed.
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| 14. |
- Arnetz, Bengt B., et al.
(author)
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Organizational Climate, Occupational Stress, and Employee Mental Health : Mediating Effects of Organizational Efficiency
- 2011
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:1, s. 34-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To determine whether the relationship between organizational climate and employee mental health is consistent (ie, invariant) or differs across four large hospitals, and whether organizational efficiency mediates this relationship. Methods: Participants (total N = 5316) completed validated measures of organizational climate variables (social climate, participatory management, goal clarity, and performance feedback), organizational efficiency, occupational stress, and mental health. Results: Path analysis best supported a model in which organizational efficiency partially mediated relationships between organizational climate, occupational stress, and mental health. Conclusions: Focusing on improving both the psychosocial work environment and organizational efficiency might contribute to decreased employee stress, improved mental well-being, and organizational performance.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Arnetz, Judith E., et al.
(author)
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Preventing Patient-to-Worker Violence in Hospitals : Outcome of a Randomized Controlled Intervention
- 2017
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:1, s. 18-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of a randomized controlled intervention on the incidence of patient-to-worker (Type II) violence and related injury in hospitals. Methods: Forty-one units across seven hospitals were randomized into intervention (n = 21) and control (n = 20) groups. Intervention units received unit-level violence data to facilitate development of an action plan for violence prevention; no data were presented to control units. Main outcomes were rates of violent events and injuries across study groups over time. Results: Six months post-intervention, incident rate ratios of violent events were significantly lower on intervention units compared with controls (incident rate ratio [IRR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29 to 0.80). At 24 months, the risk for violence-related injury was lower on intervention units, compared with controls (IRR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.83). Conclusions: This data-driven, worksite-based intervention was effective in decreasing risks of patient-to-worker violence and related injury.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Bakke, Jan Vilhelm, et al.
(author)
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Gender and the physical and psychosocial work environments are related to indoor air symptoms
- 2007
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 49:6, s. 641-650
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To assess gender differences in self-reported symptoms, psychosocial, subjective, and objective physical environments. Methods: Staff (N = 173) in four university buildings were investigated by questionnaires, blood samples, and objective assessment of indoor environment (temperature, air velocity, relative humidity, CO2, and dust [PM10]). Analyses were performed by linear and logistic regressions. Results: Women reported health symptoms more often than did men and complained more about physical but not psychosocial factors. Men's symptoms and complaints were more specifically associated to air velocity and humidity. For both genders, symptoms were related to both strain (P = 0.02) and perceived physical environments (P = 0.01). Lower relative humidity in the range of 15% to 35% was associated with perception of too low temperature and dry air. Conclusion: Gender, psychosocial, and physical environment factors were related to symptoms and perceived indoor climate.
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| 20. |
- Baste, Valborg, et al.
(author)
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Pregnancy outcomes after paternal radiofrequency field exposure aboard fast patrol boats
- 2012
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:4, s. 431-438
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate adverse reproductive outcomes among male employees in the Royal Norwegian Navy exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields aboard fast patrol boats. Methods: Cohort study of Royal Norwegian Navy servicemen linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, including singleton offspring born between 1967 and 2008 (n = 37,920). Exposure during the last 3 months before conception (acute) and exposure more than 3 months before conception (nonacute) were analyzed. Results: Perinatal mortality and preeclampsia increased after service aboard fast patrol boats during an acute period and also after increased estimated radiofrequency exposure during an acute period, compared with service aboard other vessels. No associations were found between nonacute exposure and any of the reproductive outcomes. Conclusions: Paternal work aboard fast patrol boats during an acute period was associated with perinatal mortality and preeclampsia, but the cause is not clear.
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| 21. |
- Beales, Darren, et al.
(author)
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The Predictive Ability of the Full and Short Versions of the Orebro Questionnaire for Absenteeism and Presenteeism Over the Subsequent 12 months, in a Cohort of Young Community-Based Adult Workers
- 2021
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:12, s. 1058-1064
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive ability of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) in regard to work productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism) in early adulthood.METHODS: A prospective study was performed using data from the Raine Study Generation 2 (Gen2) 22-year follow-up. The ÖMPSQ was completed at baseline, and absenteeism and presenteeism assessed at 4 intervals over the following 12 months.RESULTS: In early adulthood, the full and short versions of the ÖMPSQ showed some predictive ability for work absenteeism but the Receiver Operator Characteristic demonstrated poor discrimination. There was no evidence of predictive ability for presenteeism.CONCLUSION: Further work is required to increase the fidelity of screening for risk of reduced work productivity at the population level.
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| 22. |
- Beales, D., et al.
(author)
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The Predictive Ability of the Full and Short Versions of the Orebro Questionnaire for Absenteeism and Presenteeism Over the Subsequent 12 Months, in a Cohort of Young Community-Based Adult Workers
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:12, s. 1058-1064
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive ability of the orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (oMPSQ) in regard to work productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism) in early adulthood. Methods: A prospective study was performed using data from the Raine Study Generation 2 (Gen2) 22-year follow-up. The oMPSQ was completed at baseline, and absenteeism and presenteeism assessed at four intervals over the following 12 months. Results: In early adulthood, the full and short versions of the oMPSQ showed some predictive ability for work absenteeism but the Receiver Operator Characteristic demonstrated poor discrimination. There was no evidence of predictive ability for presenteeism. Conclusion: Further work is required to increase the fidelity of screening for risk of reduced work productivity at the population level.
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| 23. |
- Beales, Darren, et al.
(author)
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Work Productivity Loss in Young Workers Is Substantial and Is Associated With Spinal Pain and Mental Ill-health Conditions
- 2017
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:3, s. 237-245
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of spinal pain and mental ill-health conditions on work productivity in 22-year-old workers.Methods: A cross-sectional design using data from the Raine Study cohort (n = 867) including self-reported work productivity and self-report of health practitioner diagnosed medical conditions.Result: Mean (median, 25th-percentile, 75th-percentile) annualized cost of health-related absenteeism was $AUD1899 ($0, $0, $1738) per worker. Annualized cost of presenteeism was $AUD10,674 ($6573, $4003, $13,087) per worker. Spinal pain and mental ill-health conditions were associated with increased health-related absenteeism, but not presenteeism.Conclusion: Work productivity loss in young workers is a substantial problem needing priority attention. Addressing spinal pain and mental ill-health may improve productivity of this important sector of the workforce.
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| 24. |
- Bergman, Bodil, 1940, et al.
(author)
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Women's work experiences and health in a male-dominated industry. A longitudinal study.
- 1996
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In: Journal of occupational and environmental medicine / American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752. ; 38:7, s. 663-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aims to evaluate within-individual changes over time in work-role quality and quality of life and the relationship of these qualities to self-reported health as experienced by women in a male-dominated industry. Forty-seven women completed a questionnaire at two different points in time. The results showed evidence of a relationship between work-role quality and quality of life and self-reported health. There was a connection between changes in environmental demands and changes in musculoskeletal symptoms and between changes in quality of life and changes in gastrointestinal symptoms, except for psychological distress. The difference in medical symptoms is hypothesized to be an effect of hormonal signals. Four strategically selected women, who indicated improved or impaired health, were interviewed about their working situations. A tentative theoretical model was set up for perceptions of health.
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| 25. |
- Bergström, G, et al.
(author)
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Sickness Presenteeism Today, Sickness Absenteeism Tomorrow? : A Prospective Study on Sickness Presenteeism and Future Sickness Absenteeism.
- 2009
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 51:6, s. 629-638
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To prospectively investigate whether sickness presenteeism (SP), ie, going to work despite illness, has an impact on future sickness absenteeism. Methods: Two study populations were used, one female dominated from the public sector that included 3757 employees, and one male dominated from the private sector comprising 2485 employees. Results: SP on more than five occasions during the baseline year (2000) was a statistically significant risk factor for future sick leave (2002 and 2003) of more than 30 days among both populations even after adjusting for previous sick leave, health status, demographics, lifestyle, and work-related variables (2002, public sector, relative risk = 1.40; private sector, relative risk = 1.51). Conclusions: SP may be an important phenomenon to consider when evaluating measures aimed at decreasing sickness absenteeism because more SP may lead to future sickness absence.
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| 26. |
- Bertilsson, Monica, et al.
(author)
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How Managers Find Out about Common Mental Disorders among their Employees
- 2021
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:11, s. 975-984
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To explore how managers find out about common mental disorders (CMDs) among employees and associations with managers’ work- and knowledge-related characteristics and attitude to CMDs.Methods: Data from an online survey in 2017 with Swedish managers (n = 1810) were used. Different ways managers find out about CMDs were measured, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for associations with manager characteristics.Results: Few managers found out about CMDs themselves; another source was more common e.g., employees’ self-disclosure. Managers’ overseeing fewer subordinates and those with a negative attitude to depression were more likely to find out about CMDs themselves. The significance of mental health training and education could not be established.Conclusion: Managers’ awareness about employees’ CMDs mainly came about through employees’ self-disclosure. Managers’ attitudes and work conditions were related to the way of finding out.Copyright © 2021 by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
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| 27. |
- Bertilsson, Monica, et al.
(author)
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How Managers Find Out About Common Mental Disorders Among Their Employees
- 2021
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 63:11, s. 975-984
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To explore how managers find out about common mental disorders (CMDs) among employees and associations with managers' work- and knowledge-related characteristics and attitude to CMDs. Methods: Data from an online survey in 2017 with Swedish managers (n = 1810) were used. Different ways managers find out about CMDs were measured, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for associations with manager characteristics. Results: Few managers found out about CMDs themselves; another source was more common, for example, employees' self-disclosure. Managers' overseeing fewer subordinates and those with a negative attitude to depression were more likely to find out about CMDs themselves. The significance of mental health training and education could not be established. Conclusion: Managers' awareness about employees' CMDs mainly came about through employees' self-disclosure. Managers' attitudes and work conditions were related to the way of finding out.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Blessman, James, et al.
(author)
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Barriers to at-home-preparedness in public health employees : implications for disaster preparedness training
- 2007
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 49:3, s. 318-326
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess "at-home" preparedness and barriers to preparedness in a cohort of public health employees. METHOD: Conducted a cross-sectional survey involving 100 employees attending emergency preparedness training that emphasized incident command training and included a segment on "at-home" preparedness. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of participants were rated as "better prepared," and only 8% of participants would be considered "most prepared." There was no relationship between the concern for bioterrorism and other disasters and preparedness. The principal barrier involved challenges in getting the task done versus lack of desire or knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: There is great potential for distraction of public health workers during an emergent event if they are not prepared at home and have concern for family members. At-home preparedness training efforts that emphasize what should be done and why are likely to have limited impact on changing behavior. Strategies that ensure that small steps are taken are likely to be more successful.
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| 30. |
- Blom, Victoria, et al.
(author)
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Work-Home Interference and Burnout A Study Based on Swedish Twins
- 2014
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:4, s. 361-366
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study sets out to investigate the impact of work-home interference on burnout in women and men, while taking genetic and family environmental factors into account.Methods: A total of 4446 Swedish twins were included in the study. The effects of work-home conflict (WHC) and home-work conflict (HWC) on burnout between and within pairs were analyzed with co-twin control analyses.Results: Both WHC and HWC were significantly associated with burnout. Genetic factors may be involved in the association between HWC and burnout in women. Familial factors were not involved for WHC and burnout, neither for women nor for men.Conclusions: This study shows the importance to encounter WHC per se to prevent burnout. Because of genetic confounding in HWC and burnout in women, preventive efforts may also take into account individual characteristics.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Bonlokke, J. H., et al.
(author)
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Systemic Effects of Wood Smoke in a Short-Term Experimental Exposure Study of Atopic Volunteers
- 2014
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752. ; 56:2, s. 177-183
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate whether short-term systemic effects of wood smoke occurred in atopic subjects after experimental wood smoke exposures. Methods: A double-blind climate chamber study was conducted on 20 healthy atopic subjects with exposures to filtered air and wood smoke. Pneumoproteins, coagulation and adhesion factors, and cytokines were measured. Heart rate was monitored with pulse monitors. Data were analyzed with mixed models. Results: Few differences in the outcomes were observed. Plasma tissue factor remained elevated during filtered air exposure (P = 0.002). P-selectin declined independent of exposure (P = 0.0006). Interleukin-6 increased after filtered air (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The study confirmed previous observations among nonatopics of limited changes after a 3-hour wood smoke exposure.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Bryngelson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Reduction in personnel and long-term sickness absence for psychiatric disorders among employees in Swedish county councils : an ecological population-based study.
- 2011
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:6, s. 658-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine whether staff downsizing was related to long-term psychiatric sickness absence. METHODS: We used aggregate data on sickness absence from AFA insurance, as well as information on staff numbers from the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions. Bootstrap regression analyses were used to elucidate whether there was a relationship between reduction in personnel and changes in sickness rates. RESULTS: A staff reduction of 1% increased the sickness rate, on average, by 9%. The associations were similar in men and women as well as in different age groups, although statistical significance was only reached in the groups of women and middle-aged employees. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that downsizing may be related to subsequent increases in psychiatric sickness absence. The association appeared after a time-delay of several years.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Carel, RH, et al.
(author)
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Exposure to asbestos and lung and pleural cancer mortality among pulp and paper industry workers
- 2002
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 44:6, s. 579-584
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We studied the mortality from lung and pleural cancers in a cohort of 62, 937 male workers employed for at least 1 year in the pulp and paper industry in 13 countries during 1945 to 1996. Mill departments were classified according to probability and level of exposure to asbestos on the basis of available dust measurements and mill-specific information on exposure circumstances. Thirty-six percent of workers were classified as ever exposed to asbestos. Standardized mortality ratios of lung cancer were 0.99 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 1.08) among unexposed and 1.00 (95 % CI, 0.90 to 1.11) among ever exposed workers. The number of pleural cancer deaths among unexposed workers was 10, that among exposed workers was 14, most of which occurred among maintenance workers. In internal analyses, a trend in mortality from either neoplasm was suggested for estimated cumulative exposure to asbestos, weighted for the individual probability of exposure within the department and for duration of exposure (relative risk for lung cancer for 0.78+ f/cc-years, as compared with = 0.01 f/cc-years: 1.44, 95 % CI, 0.85 to 2.45, corresponding relative risk for pleural cancer: 2.43, 95% CI, 0.43 to 13.63). Despite a possible nondifferential misclassification of exposure and outcome, this study suggests that the carcinogenic effect of asbestos can be detected among workers employed in industries such as the pulp and paper industry, in which it is not considered to be a major hazard.
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| 39. |
- Cherniack, Martin, et al.
(author)
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The Hand-Arm Vibration International Consortium (HAVIC) : prospective studies on the relationship between power tool exposure and health effects.
- 2007
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 49:3, s. 289-301
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The Hand-Arm Vibration International Consortium (HAVIC) is a collaboration of investigators from Europe and North America studying health effects from hand-arm vibration (HAV). Features include prospective design, cross-cohort exposure, and health assessment methods. METHODS: Two new cohorts (dental hygienists and dental hygiene students), two existing cohorts (Finnish forest workers, and Swedish truck cab assemblers), and a previous population (US shipyard workers) are included. Instruments include surveys, quantitative medical tests, physical examination, and work simulation and data logging to assess exposure. New methods were developed for nerve conduction and data logging. RESULTS: Findings on the relationship between nerve conduction and skin temperature in HAV-exposed subjects resulted in a new approach to subject warming. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating established cohorts has advantages over de novo cohort construction. Complex laboratory tests can be successfully adapted for field use.
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| 40. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, et al.
(author)
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Comorbidity of Airway Inflammatory Diseases in Chemical and Building-Related Intolerance
- 2018
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 60:4, s. 295-300
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: This study investigated comorbidity in chemical intolerance (CI) and building- related intolerance (BRI) with (i) chronic sinusitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic and nonallergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, and (ii) airway inflammatory symptoms. Methods: Data from two population-based questionnaire surveys, the Västerbotten and Österbotten Environmental Health Studies, were used. The participants were categorized as CI or BRI and referents, and binary logistic regression analysis was applied. Results: Prevalence rates for the case groups were 7.2% to 40.0% for diseases and 24.3% to 68.9% for symptoms, whereas adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 3.4 to 26.1 for diseases and 3.3 to 17.0 for symptoms, all being significantly higher than unity. Prevalence rates and ORs were in general higher in BRI than in CI. Conclusion: Inflammatory airway diseases and symptoms are associated with CI and BRI, which encourages further research regarding underlying mechanisms and treatments.
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| 41. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Stress and sleep in relation to severity of building related symptoms
- 2023
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:7, s. 541-545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study investigates different aspects of stress and sleep in medically examined individuals with varying severity of building-related symptoms (BRS).METHODS: Three questionnaires were used to assess acute and long-term stress and sleep (Perceived Stress Scale; Shirom Melamed Burnout Questionnaire, and Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire).RESULTS: Individuals with BRS, regardless of severity, did not differ in level of perceived stress (indicator of short-term stress). The indicators of long-term stress differed between the groups where an increased severity was associated with higher levels of burnout and sleep problems.CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests an association between symptom severity and measures of long-term stress and sleep quality. This has implications for the treatment of persons affected by BRS, because not only the environment needs to be treated, but also the concurrent signs of distress, such as burnout or sleep problems.
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| 42. |
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| 44. |
- Ernstgård, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Acute Effects of Some Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted From Waters-Based Paints
- 2007
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 49:8, s. 880-889
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Acute effects during controlled exposure to some of the volatile organic compounds emitted from water-based paints were evaluated. METHODS: Healthy volunteers (10 atopics, 10 nonatopics, and 10 painters) were exposed to a mixture of propyleneglycol, texanol, diethyleneglycol monoethylether, diethyleneglycol monobutyl ether, and dipropyleneglycol monomethyl ether at a total concentration of 35 mg/m3 (G), a mixture of G and ammonia (15 mg/m3) (GA), and clean air (C). RESULTS: Subjective ratings of irritation in eyes, nose, throat, and dyspnea were significantly higher during the G and GA conditions, when compared with during the C condition. Nasal mucosal swelling was observed after G but not after GA exposure. No effects of the exposure on the pulmonary function, markers of inflammation in nasal lavages, and renal function in urine were seen. CONCLUSION: Exposure to G and GA caused mild irritation in eyes, nose, and airways.
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| 45. |
- Falkenberg, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Predicting Sickness Absence-Are Extended Health Check-ups of Any Value? : Comparisons of Three Individual Risk Models
- 2009
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 51:1, s. 104-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To predict sickness absence by three health check-up models. METHODS: A study group of 821 participants from the public sector in Sweden where three health check-up models were compared 1) the limited variable model including smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, and cholesterol, 2) the several variable model including smoking, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, relation between low density lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins, serum triglycerides, and fitness test, and 3) Self-rated health measured by one single question. Sickness absence data during 1 year was delivered from the employer. RESULTS: The three models served their purpose to predict sickness absence. CONCLUSIONS: The self-rated health-model with one single question has as good quality in predestination as more complicated models. This may have an implication for cost-effective procedures in occupational health services.
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| 46. |
- Feng, Meng-Yao, et al.
(author)
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Work-Related Stress and Occurrence of Cardiovascular Disease A 13-Year Prospective Study
- 2022
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:11, s. 927-933
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of work-related psychological and physical stresses on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods : A total of 5651 CVD-free participants older than 50 years from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were followed up for 13 years to detect incident CVD. Work-related stress was assessed using job strain and job reward questionnaire. Cox regression model was used to estimate the association. Results: High physical demands (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30) and low reward (HR, 1.19) compared with their counterparts, as well as active physical jobs (HR, 1.41) and high physical strain (HR, 1.45) in comparison with low physical strain were associated with higher risk of incident CVD after adjusting for confounders. However, combining physically stressful jobs with low reward did not further increase the CVD risk. Conclusions: Avoiding physically stressful jobs or providing appropriate reward may reduce the occurrence of CVD.
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| 47. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Cost-Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and a Workplace Intervention for Employees on Sickness Absence due to Mental Disorders.
- 2017
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:12, s. 1211-1220
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate cost-effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and workplace dialogue intervention (WDI), both as stand-alone interventions and in combination, compared with treatment as usual (TAU), for employees on sickness absence with mental disorders.METHODS: Employees (n = 352, 78.4% females) on sickness absence were randomized to one of four groups. Cost-utility analyses were conducted from a health care perspective and a limited societal perspective.RESULTS: All groups reported significant improvements in health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and there were no significant differences in HRQoL or costs between groups. The probability of cost-effectiveness for ACT+WDI was 50% compared with ACT, indicating that both treatment alternatives could be considered equally favorable for decision-makers. TAU and WDI were rejected due to less economic efficiency.CONCLUSION: Adding WDI to ACT cannot be recommended on the basis of our study results.
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| 48. |
- Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction
- 2023
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods: In a questionnaire, a total of 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results: PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (eg, irregular work hours, r = 0.61, and major organizational changes, r = 0.51).Conclusions: For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
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| 49. |
- Fredin-Knutzén, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Train drivers' work-related stress and job satisfaction
- 2023
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In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 65:9, s. 775-782
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives This study investigated which work-related stressors are rated highest by train drivers, and which are strongest correlated with consideration to change profession.Methods In a questionnaire, a total of N = 251 Swedish train drivers rated 17 work-related stressors, to which extent they had considered quitting their profession, and if they had experienced a PUT (person under train) accident.Results PUTs (when experienced) and irregular work-hours are the main stressors, but the strongest predictors of consideration to change profession are those that are encountered often, and last over time (e.g., irregular work-hours, r = .61; and major organizational changes, r = .51).Conclusions For effective reduction of stress and improved job satisfaction, focus should be on aspects that affect everyday life for drivers, such as better working shifts, less delays, and improved social climate.
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| 50. |
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