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1.
  • Ahlander, Britt-Marie, 1954-, et al. (författare)
  • Anxiety during magnetic resonance imaging of the spine in relation to scanner design and size
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 26:2, s. 110-116
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging in closed-bore scanners sometimes provokes anxiety but closed-bore designs have gradually become wider and shorter. Open scanners may be easier to tolerate. The aim was to compare patient anxiety during MRI between bore diameters of 60 cm and 70 cm, and to determine the current level of patient anxiety and experience in open scanners in a clinical setrting.Methods: Consecutive patients referred for examination of the spine in 60 cm and 70 cm bores and one open scanner participated. Four established/validated questionnaires, answered before, directly after (N = 155) and one week after (N = 109) the MRI-examination were used, measuring anxiety, fear and depression.Results: No difference was found in the patient scores of anxiety between the 60 cm and the 70 cm scanners on the examination day. At follow-up, patients in the 70 cm bore rated their examination experience better (p < 0.025), compared to patients in the 60 cm bore. Patients in the open scanner rated higher levels of anxiety (p < 0.001) before, directly after and one week after the examination, compared to the closed bore scanners.Conclusion: Scanners with a 70 cm diameter bore seem more tolerable than those with a 60 cm bore. Patients referred to the open scanner had on average a higher tendency to express anxiety. Still, patient anxiety in MRI is challenging and further research required.Implications for practice: Patients prefer to be examined in 70 cm bore scanners compared with 60 cm. If open scanners aren't available extended support may be necessary for the most anxious patients.
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2.
  • Andersson, B. T., et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers’ academic development in Sweden: Towards and after a doctoral degree
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 26:4, s. 275-281
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Radiography is a young discipline and having radiographers with a doctoral degree is central for its development. Academic development of this field in Sweden has been evolving. This study explored the diagnostic radiographers’ prerequisites for doctoral studies, post-doctoral employment and research activities. Methods: Data were collected through a questionnaire designed to give insight into doctoral radiographers’ qualification paths, funding, doctoral status, employment and basic demography. Sixteen radiographers participated. A conventional content analysis was used. Results: The median age at dissertation defence was 53 for doctorates and 60 for licentiates. This indicates that after receiving the doctorate, there is short time left in the profession, increasing the challenge to develop the field. Most doctorates were employed within educational establishments. Unfortunately, few had supervised doctoral students, but those employed within academia contributed significantly to academic research. Conclusion: Compared to other Nordic countries, Sweden is at the forefront with a positive development in obtained high academic degrees. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need for post-doctorate radiographers in order to maintain the workforce to meet current and future demands. Radiographers with doctorates need to be consulted when planning research projects to establish a clear radiographic perspective. Swedish radiographers with a doctorate or licentiate have limited research time, indicating that Sweden may not invest enough in radiographic research. Implications for practice: There is a need for more doctoral positions and doctorates radiographers to supervise doctoral students. Clinical departments should recognise the benefits of having radiographic clinical research. © 2020
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3.
  • Andersson, B. T., et al. (författare)
  • Trends that have influenced the Swedish radiography profession over the last four decades
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 23:4, s. 292-297
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The expansion of the radiography profession in recent decades has widened the scope of radiographic practice. This has raised questions about which trends have had an impact on the profession over the years. The study aim was to explore trends that have influenced the radiography profession over the last four decades. Methods: A qualitative design was used. Eleven focus group interviews inspired by the Scenario Planning Method were conducted at 11 diagnostic radiology departments in public hospitals in Sweden. The target group consisted of 48 registered radiographers. To analyse the data, qualitative content analysis was used. Results: Thematic data analysis revealed three broad categories; technological development and radiation doses, current status of the radiography profession and specialisation leading to expert knowledge. Each category derived from two or three sub-categories. Conclusion: The results demonstrate significant trends of influences on the radiography profession in Sweden over the last four decades. New methods and technology and control of radiation doses have had a favourable effect on the development of the radiography profession. Nevertheless, current status such as shortage of radiographers has had an adverse way. Specialisation leading to expert knowledge has an influence on career advancement and a specialist education regulated by the law, might be a prerequisite for the development of the radiography profession.
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4.
  • Bergquist, Magnus, 1960, et al. (författare)
  • The effects of PACS on radiographer’s work practice
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - London : W.B. Saunders Co. Ltd.. ; 13:3, s. 235-240
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper identifies and analyses the effects of picture archiving and communica- tion systems (PACS) on radiographers’ work practice. It shows that the introduction of PACS did not simply entail the transfer of data and information from the analogue world to the digital world, but it also led to the introduction of new ways of communicating, and new activities and responsibilities on the part of radiography staff. Radiographers are called upon to work increasingly independently, and individual practitioners require higher levels of professional expertise. In all, this paper demonstrates that new technical solutions sometimes lead to sub- stantial changes in responsibilities in work. In this example, the radiographers’ work practice has become more highly scientific and they are enjoying a higher level of prestige.
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5.
  • Bjällmark, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Radiology departmental policy compliance with Swedish guidelines regarding post-contrast acute kidney injury for examinations with iodinated contrast media
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 27:4, s. 1058-1063
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Guidelines concerning intravenous iodinated contrast media (CM) during computed tomography (CT) examinations are important to follow to minimize the risk for post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiology departmental policy compliance with Swedish guidelines concerning PC-AKI.METHODS: In February 2020, an electronic survey was distributed to the responsible radiographer at 41 radiology departments in all university hospitals and medium-sized hospitals in Sweden. The questions focused on routines around renal functional tests, individualized contrast administration and handling of patients with diabetes mellitus taking metformin.RESULTS: The response rate was 83%. Seventy-six percent (n = 26) of radiology departments calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from serum creatinine prior to CM administration, but only 24% (n = 8) followed the recommendation to calculate eGFR from both serum creatinine and cystatin C. For acute/inpatients, 55% (n = 18) followed the recommendation that renal functional tests should be performed within 12 h before CM administration. For elective patients, 97% (n = 33) followed the recommendation to have eGFR newer than three months which is acceptable for patients with no history of disease that may have affected renal function. Approximately 80% of the radiology departments followed the recommendation that CM dose always should be individually adjusted to patient eGFR. Seventy-six percent (n = 26) followed the recommendation to continue with metformin at eGFR ≥ 45 ml/min.CONCLUSION: Compliance with the national guidelines was high regarding routines around renal functional tests, dose adjustment of CM and metformin discontinuation. Improvements can be made in using both cystatin C and serum creatinine for eGFR calculations as well as ensuring renal function tests within 12 h for acute/inpatients with acute disease that may affect renal function.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study raises awareness of the importance of adhering to guidelines in healthcare. To have knowledge about the current level of compliance regarding PCI-AKI is important to maintain and develop effective clinical implementation of guidelines. The variation in practice seen in this study emphasizes the need of more effective implementation strategies to ensure adherence with best practice.
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6.
  • Björkman, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Children's and parents' perceptions of care during the peri-radiographic process when the child is seen for a suspected fracture
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 22:1, s. 71-76
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Visiting a Radiology department may elicit both positive and negative feelings for children and parents alike. This study investigated children's and parents' perceptions of care during the peri-radiographic process and whether these perceptions correlated with the child's perceptions of pain and distress. Methods This study utilized a quantitative descriptive design. Its data was collected in five Radiology departments, two where examinations are performed exclusively on children and three that treat both children and adults. Data collection contained questionnaires from children (n = 110) and their parent (n = 110) as well as children's self-reports of pain and distress. Results The findings illustrated that the children and their parent were satisfied with the care provided throughout the peri-radiographic process, unrelated to the child's self-reported levels of pain and distress or examination setting (i.e. children's department or general department). The highest scores of satisfaction were ascribed to “the radiographer's kindness and ability to help in a sufficient way,” whereas “available time to ask questions and to meet the child's emotional needs” received the lowest scores. Conclusions Parents and children alike perceived the radiographers as skilled and sensitive throughout the examination, while radiographers' time allocated to interacting with the child was not perceived be sufficiently covered.
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7.
  • Björkman, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Children's experience of going through an acute radiographic examination
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 18:2, s. 84-89
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Children’s experience of radiographic examinations remains largely unexplored, although most radiographers examine children on a daily basis. In order to provide the high quality care that meets the needs of patients it was considered important to undertake research focused upon the patients’ experience of radiographic practice.The aim of the study was to investigate children’s experiences undergoing a radiographic examination for a suspected fracture.Inclusion criteria were Swedish-speaking children between 3 and 15 years of age who were submitted for a radiographic examination with an acute condition of the upper or lower extremity. Patients were informed of the study and together with the escorting parent or relative asked for consent to participate.During the examination the child was videotaped and immediately after, the child was interviewed in a nearby facility. The interview contained open-ended questions and was conducted while watching the videotape together with the child and their parent or relative and the researcher.Qualitative content analysis was used in analyzing the collected data. The analysis resulted in two categories - “feeling uncomfortable” and “feeling confident”. The subcategories contained in these categories were “pain in relation to injury and examination”, “the waiting time is strenuous”, “worries for the future and consequences of the injury”, “confidence in parental presence”, “confidence in radiographic staff and examination procedure”, and finally “recognition entails familiarity”.The results revealed that for the younger children, the experience of undergoing an acute radiographic examination was associated with pain and anxiety, but for the older children, the anxiety was more connected to whether the injury had caused a fracture and any anticipated future consequences or complications.
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8.
  • Björkman, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Children’s pain and distress while undergoing an acute radiographic examination
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - Elsevier : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 18:3, s. 191-196
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pain has been highlighted as a main concern for children in conjunction with an acute radiographic examination. The aim of this study was to further investigate children’s pain and distress while undergoing an acute radiographic examination.The study comprised 29 participants with an age range of 5–15 years who were injured and submitted to an acute radiographic examination of the upper or lower extremity when the question at issue was fracture. The Coloured Analogue Scale (CAS) and the Facial Affective Scale (FAS) were used as self-reporting scales to measure the children’s pain and distress. The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability Behavioural scale (FLACC) was used as an observation tool to assess behaviours associated with pain in children.Descriptive statistics were used when analysing the scores, and the results showed that children experience pain and distress in conjunction with a radiographic examination after an injury. Spearman’s correlation was used to compare variables, and significant correlations were obtained between the self-reported pain and the observed pain behaviour. Fischer’s Exact test was used to compare groups, and when using the cut-off 3.0 on the self-reporting scale no significant correlation was found concerning the pain reported by children diagnosed with and without a fracture. No significant correlations were found concerning the self-reported distress and pain either, regardless of whether it was a first-time visit and whether a parent was near during the examination.
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9.
  • Björkman, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Plausible scenarios for the radiography profession in Sweden in 2025
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 23:4, s. 314-320
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Radiography is a healthcare speciality with many technical challenges. Advances in engineering and information technology applications may continue to drive and be driven by radiographers. The world of diagnostic imaging is changing rapidly and radiographers must be proactive in order to survive. To ensure sustainable development, organisations have to identify future opportunities and threats in a timely manner and incorporate them into their strategic planning. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyse and describe plausible scenarios for the radiography profession in 2025.Method: The study has a qualitative design with an inductive approach based on focus group interviews. The interviews were inspired by the Scenario-Planning method.Results: Of the seven trends identified in a previous study, the radiographers considered two as the most uncertain scenarios that would have the greatest impact on the profession should they occur. These trends, labelled "Access to career advancement" and "A sufficient number of radiographers", were inserted into the scenario cross. The resulting four plausible future scenarios were: The happy radiographer, the specialist radiographer, the dying profession and the assembly line.Conclusion: It is suggested that "The dying profession" scenario could probably be turned in the opposite direction by facilitating career development opportunities for radiographers within the profession. Changing the direction would probably lead to a profession composed of "happy radiographers" who are specialists, proud of their profession and competent to carry out advanced tasks, in contrast to being solely occupied by "the assembly line".
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10.
  • Blankholm, A. D., et al. (författare)
  • Incident reporting and level of MR safety education : A Danish national study
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 26:2, s. 147-153
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: MR-safety remains a concern among MR professionals. We aimed to evaluate the extent of MR-related incidents using a national database and a questionnaire among MR professionals and to identify possible predictors for MR-related incidents. Methods: MR-related incidents reported to a national database from 2015 to 2017 were scrutinized. A national online survey focussing on MR safety and education was performed. Quantitative analyses, descriptive statistics and regression analyses were used. Results: The database included 196, 97 and 100 direct MR-related incidents in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Regarding the questionnaire, 208 MR professionals responded. Within the last year, 33% had been involved in an MR-related incident that was reported in the national database. At some time in their working life, 53% had been involved in an MR-related incident that was reported, but 25% had been involved in an incident that was not reported. The responses to the questionnaire reflected far more incidents than those reported to the database for all categories. Sixty-one percent of respondents indicated that external personnel in the MR environment are a safety risk. External personnel in the MR environment were found to be a predictor for reported and unreported MR-related incidents with odds ratio (OR) = 2.07; p = 0.033 and OR = 5.17; p = 0.0005 respectively. Conclusion: There seems to be severe underreporting of MR-related incidents. External personnel in the MR-environment and scanning patients in anaesthesia were found to be predictors for both reported and unreported MR-related incidents. Regulations regarding the minimum required MR safety education of different groups of MR professionals and external personnel are recommended. Implications for practice: Enforcing MR safety education and highlighting the importance of MR safety within hospital organisations would contribute to better patient and personnel safety.
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11.
  • Bolejko, A., et al. (författare)
  • Effects of an information booklet on patient anxiety and satisfaction with information in magnetic resonance imaging : A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 27:1, s. 162-167
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important modality in diagnostics and treatment follow-up. However, MRI can be perceived as unpleasant even though the examination is non-invasive. Patients' knowledge of the MRI procedure is usually scarce, which may enhance patient anxiety at examination. We investigated the effects on anxiety and satisfaction with an information booklet on MRI compared to a placebo booklet delivered to adult patients prior to their first MRI examination. Methods: This randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 197 patients. The intervention group (n = 95) received a booklet about MRI prior to the examination, whereas the control group (n = 102) received a placebo booklet of the same size and layout but containing general information. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory with supplementary questions from the Quality from the Patient's Perspective questionnaire were used as patient-reported outcome measures. Results: Anxiety did not differ between the groups, either prior to MRI or during the examination, but those who received the placebo booklet were at higher risk of experiencing high anxiety prior to the MRI examination (odds ratio 2.64; P = 0.029). The intervention group was more satisfied with the information received (P = 0.044), and a majority of participants in both groups (≥87%) considered it important to obtain information on the MRI procedure. Conclusion: Written MRI information decreases the risk of high anxiety levels before MRI and improves patient satisfaction with the information. Further research is needed to investigate whether written information prior to MRI is beneficial not only from the perspective of the patient but may also be cost-effective. Implications for practice: Written MRI information prior to the examination is recommended in radiography care.
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12.
  • Bolejko, Anetta, et al. (författare)
  • Facilitators for and barriers to radiography research in public healthcare in Nordic countries
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 28:1, s. 88-94
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction:It has been suggested that the future of diagnostic imaging relies on engagement inresearch and evidence-based practice. This implies a role transition from a clinical radiographer to aclinical radiographer-researcher. Clinical radiographers’stimuli for engaging in research in Nordiccountries are unknown. This study aimed to address this gap.Methods:Cross-sectional data collection via an online questionnaire on facilitators for and barriers toparticipation in radiography research was carried out among 507 clinical radiographers in publichealthcare in the Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.Results:Support from colleagues (odds ratio [OR] 2.62) and other professionals (OR 2.74), and self-esteem in research skills (OR2.21), were facilitators for radiography research. Lack of knowledgeand skills to conduct research (OR 2.48) was revealed to hinder radiographers’participation in research.The absence of a radiography research culture in the workplace explained non-participation in research(OR 1.75).Conclusion:This study revealed significant factors for clinical radiographers’participation in research.Implications for practice:A strategy for establishing a radiography research culture in healthcare isproposed that is novel for the context. Management support for knowledge development and activityleading to inter-professional research projects across knowledgefields, provision of a radiographyresearch lead and acknowledgement of radiography research among colleagues signify the establishmentof the culture. These prerequisites might provide a paradigm change towards not only the symbiosis of aclinical radiographer and an autonomous researcher but also a partner who adds radiography research toevidence-based practice in diagnostic imaging.
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13.
  • Bolejko, Anetta, et al. (författare)
  • Towards person-centred radiography
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - 1078-8174. ; 29:5, s. 831-832
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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14.
  • Bäck, Anna-Karin, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Troubled but in good hands : A qualitative study on patient experiences in diuresis renography examinations
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Diuresis renography is a nuclear medicine examination that can distinguish between obstructive and non-obstructive uropathy. Renography has been investigated before, but not from a patient perspective. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge and understanding of patient experiences with the diuresis renography process.METHODS: The study had a qualitative descriptive design; data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 adult patients that had recently undergone diuresis renography. The transcripts were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis to identify their manifest and latent content.RESULTS: One main theme was identified: 'Not smooth all the way through, but still in good hands'. The participants understood the necessity of the performed renography and endured the examination despite its worrying elements. They were bothered by diuretic effects, worried about radioactivity and felt isolated during the imaging. The technologists' caring and informative approach eased their experience. The main theme was identified from three subthemes: 'I experienced inconvenience', 'I was worried' and 'I felt safe'.CONCLUSION: The participants experienced worry throughout the renography process but were still satisfied with the examination, mostly because of the technologists being involved. Communication and interaction between patient and technologist are important for creating a good experience. Improved knowledge of patient experiences during renographies could be used to develop patient information and increase technologists' awareness of factors patients may experience as troubling.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study describes issues that contribute to both negative and positive experiences. Improved professional awareness and knowledge about these issues can contribute to the development of patient information and professional encounters, and may improve patients' compliance and overall experience.
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15.
  • Bäckström, Marice, et al. (författare)
  • On the edge of decision-making in trauma care: A focus group study on radiographers’ experiences of interprofessional collaboration
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 29:6, s. 1123-1129
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The temporary trauma teams in trauma alerts consist of a diverse group of unique professionals requiring interprofessional collaboration and coordination to achieve efficient, high-quality care. The uncertain situation and complex care environment impose high demands on team dynamics such as individual attitudes and team behaviours. Within interprofessional teams, interaction and coordination reflect the collective success of collaboration and the achievement of goals. Interactions with radiographers have increased in trauma teams given computed tomography's prominent role in providing crucial knowledge for decision-making in trauma care. This study aimed to explore radiographers' experiences of interprofessional collaboration during trauma alerts.Method: The study was designed with focus group methodology, including 17 radiographers participating in five focus groups, analysed with an inductive focus group analysis.Results: An overarching theme, “On the edge of decision-making”, emerged along with three sub-themes: “Feeling included requires acknowledgement”, “Exclusion precludes shared knowledge”, and “Experience and mutual awareness facilitate team interaction”.Conclusions: Interprofessional collaboration from the radiographer's perspective within trauma teams requires a sense of inclusion and the ability to interact with the team. Exclusion from vital decision-making obstructs radiographers' comprehension of situations and thereby the interdependence in interprofessional collaboration. Implications for practice: Common platforms are needed for knowledge sharing and team practices, including radiographers’ areas of responsibility and relational coordination to foster interprofessional relationships. Through these means interdependence through awareness and shared knowledge can be facilitated on trauma teams.
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16.
  • Cederved, Catarina, et al. (författare)
  • Parents' experiences of having their children take part in participatory action research creating a serious game about radiotherapy
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 29:1, s. 95-100
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of several treatment modalities used for children diagnosed with cancer. Several studies have designed interventions aimed to alleviate the stress that can occur in conjunction with RT. To include children in the design of interventions is rare and dependent on the parents giving consent to participation in research on their children's behalf. The aim was to illuminate, from the parents' perspective, the experience of their children being part in the co-creation of a serious game and their previous experiences of RT.METHODS: Ten parents of children taking part in a participatory action research study of the development of a serious game were invited to an interview and seven parents consented. An inductive, manifest content analysis was performed.RESULTS: The analysis resulted in an overarching theme: Parents' pre-understanding from their child's cancer treatment created a sensitivity to their child's wishes and a willingness to contribute to science. Four categories are presented: Intrinsic factors influenced the intent to participate, Extrinsic factors that had an effect on participation, Parents role in the game development, and Radiotherapy impinged the child and the parent.CONCLUSION: To be able to pay it forward to healthcare and other families with a child diagnosed with cancer was a contributing factor for parents' willingness to consent to participation after their children had undergone RT, especially since their children wanted to do so. Parents indicated interest in the developmental process and in following their children being part of the creation of a serious game about RT.IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: To understand why parents allow their children to participate in studies creates opportunities for the research community to structure studies that facilitate participation.
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17.
  • Champendal, M., et al. (författare)
  • A scoping review of person-centred care strategies used in diagnostic Nuclear Medicine
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:2, s. 448-456
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IntroductionPerson-centred care (PCC) emphasises the need for the health care professional to prioritise individual patient needs, thereby fostering a collaborative and emphatic environment that empowers patients to actively participate in their own care. This article will explore the purpose of PCC in Nuclear Medicine (NM), while discussing strategies that may be used to implement PCC during diagnostic NM examinations performed on adult patients.MethodsThe scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. The search was performed on PubMed, Embase and Cinhal in June 2023 and included studies in English, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian. The research equation combined keywords and Medical Subject Heading terms (MeSH) related to person-centred care (PCC), for all types of nuclear medicine diagnostic examinations performed. Three independent review authors screened all abstracts and titles, and all eligible full-text publications were included in this scoping review.ResultsFifty-three articles, published between 1993 and 2022, met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. Seven articles were published in 2015 while 56.6 % of all included studies were performed in Europe. Most studies (n = 39/53) focused on the patients only, with the identified patient benefits being: improve patient experience (67.9 %), increase patient comfort (13.2 %), increase patient knowledge (5.7 %), reduction of patient anxiety (9.4 %) and reduction of waiting/scan time (3.8 %).ConclusionThe scoping review identified a lack of research investigating the use of person-centred care strategies in NM. Future research will focus on using an international survey to explore this topic in nuclear medicine departments overseas.Implications for practiceBy applying PCC principles, the NM professional can improve the patient care pathway and increase patient satisfaction, leading to enhanced clinical outcomes.
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18.
  • Glans, Anton, et al. (författare)
  • Managing acoustic noise within MRI : a qualitative interview study among Swedish radiographers
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:3, s. 889-895
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Acoustic noise from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can cause hearing loss and needs to be mitigated to ensure the safety of patients and personnel. Capturing MR personnel's insights is crucial for guiding the development and future applications of noise-reduction technology. This study aimed to explore how MR radiographers manage acoustic noise in clinical MR settings.Methods: Using a qualitative design, we conducted semi-structured individual interviews with fifteen MR radiographers from fifteen hospitals around Sweden. We focused on the clinical implications of participants’ noise management, using an interpretive description approach. We also identified sociotechnical interactions between People, Environment, Tools, and Tasks (PETT) by adopting a Human Factors/Ergonomics framework. Interview data were analyzed inductively with thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke).Results: The analysis generated three main themes regarding MR radiographers’ noise management: (I) Navigating Occupational Noise: Risk Management and Adaptation; (II) Protecting the Patient and Serving the Exam, and (III) Establishing a Safe Healthcare Environment with Organizational Support.Conclusion: This study offers insights into radiographers’ experiences of managing acoustic noise within MRI, and the associated challenges. Radiographers have adopted multiple strategies to protect patients and themselves from adverse noise-related effects. However, they require tools and support to manage this effectively, suggesting a need for organizations to adopt more proactive, holistic approaches to safety initiatives.Implications for practice: The radiographers stressed the importance of a soundproofed work environment to minimize occupational adverse health effects and preserve work performance. They acknowledge noise as a common contributor to patient distress and discomfort. Providing options like earplugs, headphones, mold putty, software-optimized “quiet” sequences, and patient information were important tools. Fostering a safety culture requires proactive safety efforts and support from colleagues and management.
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19.
  • Hansson, B., et al. (författare)
  • MR-safety in clinical practice at 7T: Evaluation of a multistep screening process in 1819 subjects
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 28:2, s. 454-459
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: MR facilities must implement and maintain adequate screening and safety procedures to ensure safety during MR examinations. The aim of this study was to evaluate a multi-step MR safety screening process used at a 7T facility regarding incidence of different types of safety risks detected during the safety procedure. Methods: Subjects scheduled for an MR examination and having entered the 7T facility during 2016–2019 underwent a pre-defined multi-step MR safety screening process. Screening documentation of 1819 included subjects was reviewed, and risks identified during the different screening steps were compiled. These data were also related to documented decisions made by a 7T MR safety committee and reported MR safety incidents. Results: Passive or active implants (n = 315) were identified in a screening form and/or an additional documented interview in 305 subjects. Additional information not previously self-reported by the subject, regarding implants necessitating safety decisions performed by the staff was revealed in the documented interview in 102 subjects (106 items). In total, the 7T MR safety committee documented a decision in 36 (2%) of the included subjects. All of these subjects were finally cleared for scanning. Conclusion: A multi-step screening process allows a thorough MR screening of subjects, avoiding safety incidents. Different steps in the process allow awareness to rise and items to be detected that were missed in earlier steps. Implications for practice: Safety questions posed at a single timepoint during an MR screening process might not reveal all safety risks. Repetition and rephrasing of screening questions leads to increased detection of safety risks. This could be effectively mitigated by a multi-step screening process. A multi-disciplinary safety committee is efficient at short notice responding to unexpected safety issues. © 2021 The Author(s)
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20.
  • Helenius, Malin, et al. (författare)
  • Comparison of four different preparation protocols to achieve bladder distension in patients with gross haematuria undergoing a CT urography
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 18:3, s. 206-211
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IntroductionCT examination has been shown to be effective in detecting bladder cancer. Proper evaluation of the bladder requires it to be well distended. The purpose of the present study was to establish a preparation protocol to achieve satisfactory bladder distension without causing unacceptable patient discomfort.Material and methodWe used four different preparation protocols (1: 0.5 L of fluid intake during a 1-h period, 2: Same as 1 with the addition of IV diuretics when the patient was examined, 3: 1 L of fluid intake during a 2-h period, 4: Same as 3 with the additional instruction to empty the bladder after 1 h. In protocols 1–3, the patients were asked not to empty their bladder during the preparation time). Bladder volume was calculated and bladder distension was judged as satisfactory or not by the radiologist. The patients answered questions about their ability to follow the preparation protocol and were requested to rate their need to empty the bladder pre-, during and post-examination.ResultsProtocol 1 had the lowest bladder volume. Protocols 2, 3 and 4 were similar in bladder volume. However, Protocol 2 caused unacceptable patient discomfort, and the compliance was lowest in Protocol 4.ConclusionProtocol 3, drinking 1 L of fluid during a 2-h period, gave satisfactory bladder distension, did not cause unacceptable discomfort in patients and did not have the lowest compliance.
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21.
  • Håkansson, I., et al. (författare)
  • Retrospective comparison between MRI examinations during radiographer-administered intranasal sedation or general anesthesia
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:1, s. 296-300
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: In order for young children to be able to undergo a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination, general anesthesia is often required. The aim of this study was to compare the image quality, times, and costs of the examinations of infant brains performed with MRI either during sedation with dexmedetomidine administered by radiographers or anesthesia with propofol administered by anesthesia staff. Methods: This study was a quantitative retrospective study of 27 consecutive standard brain examinations performed under sedation or anesthesia, involving 15 children under sedation and 12 under anesthesia. The age of the children was from 0.5 to five years old. The image quality was evaluated by three radiologists experienced in pediatric MRI examinations. Information such as examination time and the expense of the examination was also collected. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the general image quality, but one image series was assessed to have significantly better image quality under sedation than under anesthesia, but all images had very high quality. However, it emerged that children under anesthesia were at the hospital on average 55 min longer and the scanner room was occupied 20 min longer on average. The anesthesia examinations were three times more expensive. Conclusion: This study demonstrated equivalent image quality between sedation and anesthesia. In addition, sedation was less time-consuming and had a lower price, partly because no extra anesthetic staff were required. The use of intranasal sedation offers a possibility to expand the competence area for radiographers. Implications for practice: If radiographers learn to perform intranasal sedation, examinations can be performed in less time, at a third of the staff costs while maintaining image quality.
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22.
  • Kruse, Johan, et al. (författare)
  • Scrutinized with inadequate control and support : Interns' experiences communicating with and writing referrals to hospital radiology departments - A qualitative study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 22:4, s. 313-318
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Interns' experiences communicating with and writing referrals to hospital radiology departments are important for patient safety, image quality, and decision-making in the diagnostic process. Understanding roles within the department and in the diagnostic process is important for communication. This study aimed to describe interns' experiences communicating with and writing referrals to their hospital's radiology department. Method: A qualitative study design was used. Data was collected from focus discussions with ten interns in three focus groups in Northern Sweden during 2012. The data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results: One theme, "a feeling of being scrutinized and lacking control", was identified in the final categories. The interns experienced that the radiology department placed high demands on them and desired more diagnostic skills training, resources and feedback. The interns suggested the following improvements: enhanced dialogue and feedback, improved education, handy guidelines, and practice writing referrals. Conclusion: Interns need more feedback from, and dialogue with, members of the Department of Radiology. They also need more knowledge of referral guidelines, appropriateness criteria and more practice to develop their knowledge and skill for writing referrals. They describe feelings of inadequate support and feel scrutinized in demanding work conditions and need more collaboration. They also need more time and more control of radiology outcomes, and they are eager to learn. 
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23.
  • Ljungberg, Adina, et al. (författare)
  • Comparison of quality of urinary bladder filling in CT urography with different doses of furosemide in the work-up of patients with macroscopic hematuria
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 27:1, s. 136-141
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: The protocol for preparation of computed tomography urography (CTU) examinations at our hospital was changed in 2013 to improve the quality of urinary bladder filling in the excretory phase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of urinary bladder filling on CTU after different doses of furosemide were administered to patients with macroscopic hematuria.METHODS: The cohort was 215 patients who underwent elective CTU due to macroscopic hematuria between 2014 and 2018. 5 mg furosemide were administrated to 100 patients, 2.5 mg to 100 patients and 0 mg to 15 patients. Contrast medium layered bladders were excluded, leaving 193 patients: 92, 89 and 12 in each group. Urinary bladder volume was calculated in corticomedullary (CMP) and excretory phase (EP). Bladder distension was classified as satisfactory or not. Attenuation of bladder content in EP was noted.RESULTS: Average volume in EP was 370 ± 224 ml (28-1052) after 5 mg furosemide, 274 ± 120 ml (43-628) after 2.5 mg and 180 ± 104 ml (53-351) after 0 mg. 85% of the bladders were satisfactory distended after 5 mg, 80% after 2.5 mg and 58% after 0 mg. Average attenuation was 266 ± 89 HU (103-524) after 5 mg, 362 ± 156 HU (118-948) after 2.5 mg and 761 ± 331 HU (347-1206) after 0 mg. The differences in volume and attenuation were significant.CONCLUSION: 5 mg furosemide is preferred rather than 2.5 mg in preparation for CTU examinations of patients with macroscopic hematuria. There was no difference between the doses concerning rate of satisfactory bladder distension, but the higher dose resulted in larger bladder volume and more suitable attenuation of bladder content.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Development of CTU-image quality could improve bladder cancer diagnostics.
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24.
  • Lundén, Maud, 1959, et al. (författare)
  • Patients' feelings and experiences during and after peripheral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • © 2014 The College of Radiographers. Background: Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) often caused by atherosclerosis is a major health care issue worldwide. Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) on the lower limb is a common procedure used to enhance peripheral circulation. With an increasing number of individuals acquiring peripheral PTA treatment and with an increased focus on patient centred care, there is a need to find out more about patients' feelings and thoughts of undergoing PTA. Aim: The aim was to identify patients who are predominantly anxious or calm during and after peripheral PTA and to explore reasons for these feelings. Method: The study includes 51 patients who received PTA treatment in western Sweden. Findings: Seventy-eight percent of the patients rated themselves as calm after the PTA. The analysed interviews resulted in two themes: reasons for feelings of calmness and reasons for feelings of anxiety. Conclusion: In order to feel calm during and after the PTA, information given prior to the PTA needs to be comprehensive and consistent with the actual situation at the angiography suite. The dialogue with the physician and the radiographers was considered valuable, as was the ability to follow the procedure on the image screen. It is concluded that a thorough dialogue with the physician in a calm setting after the PTA is important for the patients' ability to foresee and plan for the future. Moreover, there is a need to find ways to improve analgesic routines regarding assessment and evaluation in connection with PTA treatment as pain is shown to increase anxiety.
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25.
  • Lundén, Maud, 1959-, et al. (författare)
  • Professional development for radiographers and post graduate nurses in radiological interventions : Building teamwork and collaboration through drama
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 23:4, s. 330-336
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: The rapid development within Interventional Radiology presents new challenges. Hybrid operating rooms consist of interventional radiology, open surgery, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and other techniques. This means that several disciplines and professionals need to work in new constellations creating a multidisciplinary team around the patient. In accordance with this development, higher professional education must provide new pedagogic strategies to successfully address the knowledge expected in today's complex working life.AIM: To explore the use of Applied Drama as a learning medium, focusing on the use of Forum Theatre, to foster team work and collaboration in the field of radiography and learning.METHODS: A qualitative approach, closely related to Ethnography, was utilized.RESULT: The Drama Workshop utilising Forum Theatre created a dynamic learning environment and enabled the participants from three professions to understand each other's priorities better. The use of drama within health care education allows the students to take different roles in order to find the best way to co-operate.CONCLUSION: Forum Theatre is a useful learning medium in order to promote teamwork and collaboration in the radiological intervention field. By choosing a personal working experience, Forum Theatre seem to engage the participants at a deeper level and to experience various communication strategies and how the outcome changed depending on the approach. This can lead to improved teamwork and collaboration.
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26.
  • Lundgren, Solveig M, 1943, et al. (författare)
  • Radiographic research in Sweden - A review of dissertations
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 25
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Radiographers have performed research since 1988 in Sweden. The amount of doctoral and licentiate dissertations written by registered diagnostic radiographers has increased considerably since 2000. How this new field of research was established and developed has facilitated understand of the boundaries that strengthen the professional evidence base. The aim of this dissertation review was to explore the nature and the current state of radiographic research, written by registered diagnostic radiographers in Sweden. Methods: Dissertations published between 1988 and 2017 were analysed both deductively and inductively with content analysis. Results: Radiographic research focused on structural factors, clinical radiography, radiographic technology and pedagogical approaches. The findings indicated a large interest in advancing patient information, wellbeing and care during examinations. The participants were predominantly clinical patients, followed by radiographers, adults/children and the general public. The most common study designs were descriptive with a trend towards interventional studies. Interviews and questionnaires were the most common data collection methods followed by clinical examinations and documents. Conclusion: The analyses demonstrate that the current radiographer research has its roots in clinical practice, focusing on pragmatic aspects and applied knowledge. The findings suggest that radiographer's dissertations meet the challenges of new technologies and working practise. If the knowledge is connected to the radiographic framework, radiography can be viewed as an independent discipline with its own philosophical base. When radiographers are encouraged to conduct research, evidence based knowledge increase which strengthens the profession. Radiography, as a scientific discipline is evolving in Sweden. (C) 2019 The College of Radiographers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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27.
  • Lundgren, Solveig M, 1943, et al. (författare)
  • Radiography – How do students understand the concept of radiography?
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 21:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Radiography as a concept has mainly been associated with the functional role of the radiographer. The concept has been studied from a theoretical point of view. However, there is a lack of a theoretical foundation and research on the actual substance of the term radiography used in education. It is therefore important to undertake an investigation in order to determine how students after three years education understand the subject of radiography. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse how students in the Swedish radiographers' degree program understand the concept of radiography. Method: A concept analysis was made according to the hybrid model, which combines theoretical, fieldwork and analytical phases. A summative content analysis was used to identify the number and content of statements. The empirical data were collected from questionnaires answered by radiography students at four universities in Sweden. Findings: All radiography students' exemplified radiography with statements related to the practical level although some of them also identified radiography at an abstract level, as a subject within a discipline. The attribute ‘An interdisciplinary area of knowledge’ emerged, which is an attribute on the abstract level. The practical level was described by four attributes: Mastering Medical Imaging’, ‘To accomplish images for diagnosis and interventions’, ‘Creating a caring environment’ and ‘Enabling fruitful encounters’. Conclusion: The hybrid model used was a versatile model of concept development. The results of this study have increased the understanding of what characterizes the concept of radiography in a Swedish context. © 2015 The College of Radiographers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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28.
  • Lundvall, Lise-Lott, 1959-, et al. (författare)
  • How do technical improvements change radiographers’ practice : a practice theory perspective
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 21:3, s. 231-235
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Technical improvements in medical imaging have led to the replacement of two-plane imaging techniques by multidimensional imaging. How this affects radiographers’ professional practice has not been investigated.Aim: To explore how technical development affects the relations between different actors and their actions in the practice of computed tomography.Method: A qualitative design was used with data collection by open interviews (n=8) and open observations (n=10) of radiographers during their work with computed tomography. Data was first analysed inductively, resulting in seven preliminary codes. The initial analysis was followed by a phase of abduction, in which the preliminary codes were interpreted theoretically through the lens of practice theory. This resulted in four final themes.Result: First theme: Changed materiality makes practical action easier. The actual image production has become practically easier. Second theme: New machines cause conflict between the structural arrangements of the work and the patient’s needs. The time required for the scanner to carry out image production is easy to foresee, but information about the patient’s individual status and needs is missing and this leads to difficulties in giving individual planned care. Third theme: Changing materiality prefigures learning. The different apparatus in use and the continuously changing methods of image production are coconstitutive of the practitioner’s activities and learning. Fourth theme: How the connections between different practices lead to moments of practical reasoning in the radiography process with CT. The practice of image production with computed tomography takes account of patient safety in relation to radiation doses and medical security risks. The different professions in CT practice are interconnected through common material objects such as computers and machines. However, the radiographers, who meet the patients, have to check the accuracy of the planned examination in relation to the clinical observed information about patient safety risks during the examination.
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29.
  • Lundvall, Lise-Lott, 1959-, et al. (författare)
  • Professionals' experiences of imaging in the radiography process – A phenomenological approach
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 20:1, s. 48-52
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • IntroductionPrevious studies on radiographers' professional work have shown that this practice covers both technology and patient care. How these two competence areas blend together in practice needs to be investigated. The professionals' experiences of their work have not been studied in depth, and there is a need to focus on their experiences of the main features of their practice.The aimTo explore, from the perspective of the radiographer, the general tasks and responsibilities of their work.MethodData were generated through a combination of open interviews with radiographers and observations of their work with Computer Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The interviews and observations were analysed using an interpretative phenomenological method.ResultRadiographers' professional work with diagnostic imaging, in a Swedish context, can be viewed as a problem-solving process involving judgments and responsibility for obtaining images that can be used for diagnosis. The examination process comprises three phases; planning, producing the images, and evaluation. In the first phase the radiographer makes judgments on adapting the method to the individual patient, and the second phase involves responsibilities and practical skills for image production. In the third phase, the quality of the images is judged in relation to the actual patient and the imaging process itself.ConclusionsRadiographers consider that the main features of their professional work are patient safety aspects and their knowledge and skills regarding how to produce images of optimal quality, in the actual circumstances of each examination.
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30.
  • Møller Christensen, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Developing communication support for interaction with children during acute radiographic procedures
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 26:2, s. 96-101
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The Convention on the Rights of the Child will be absorbed into Swedish law by 2020, which highlights the need to promote equality in communication between health care professionals and communicatively vulnerable children. In this regard, participation and person-centredness is important in the interaction with each child to provide adequate information on the peri-radiographic process in a way that the child can understand. Hence, the aim was to develop communication support for interaction with children during acute radiographic procedures.Method: The study has a qualitative design adapting a multiphase structure. A participatory design was used which included four phases conducted in succession to each other. Interviews were conducted with children from Elementary School and Special School. Questionnaires were collected from their parents and from radiographers in four different Radiology Departments.Results: The analysis of the data highlighted the need for information in the peri-radiographic process. Parents and children wanted material that is easy to use and could be adapted in a person-centred way.Conclusion: A prototype of the ICIR (interactive communication support in radiology settings), with illustrations and accompanying text was developed that can be useful as information sharing in interaction between children, parents and health care professionals in the radiographic context.Implications for practice: The ICIR can be a usable tool for information sharing in the interaction between children, parents and health care professionals during radiographic procedures. 
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31.
  • Møller Christensen, Berit, et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers’ perception on task shifting to nurses and assistant nurses within the radiography profession
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 27:2, s. 310-315
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The radiography profession is challenged by greater responsibilities and shortage of educated radiographers. Implementation of task shifting is one strategy to deal with the current situation in health care. The aim of this studiy was to evaluate radiographers’ perception of assistant nurses and nurses carrying out tasks that traditionally were undertaken within the radiography profession in a Swedish context.Methods: An electronic questionnaire was distributed to radiographers at eleven hospitals in Sweden. The questionnaire included background questions and questions about radiographers’ perception about task shifting to nurses and assistant nurses. The respondents rated their agreement level regarding task shifting on a five-point Likert scale. Data was statistically evaluated in SPSS using Mann Whitney U test.Results: Sixty-five radiographers participated in the study. Most radiographers responded negatively to task shifting to nurses (72%) or assistant nurses (65%). Most radiographers disagree that nurses should perform mammography screening or work within interventional radiography, while the attitude towards nurses calculating glomerular filtration rate was more positive. A majority disagree regarding assistant nurses performing conventional radiographs, informing the patient about contrast media administration or inserting peripheral intravenous catheters, while there was a positive attitude towards assistant nurses preparing patients for examinations. The attitude towards task shifting was not influenced by age, however radiographers with less working experience were more positive to task shifting in general.Conclusion: A majority of the radiographers had a negative attitude towards task shifting to nurses and assistant nurses. The radiographers were more positive to hand over tasks related to patient care and administrative tasks than technical related tasks within the profession.Implications for practice: Knowledge about radiographers’ perception on task shifting within the profession is essential when planning and implementing strategies for task shifting in the clinical settings.
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32.
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33.
  • Precht, H., et al. (författare)
  • Comparison of image quality in chest, hip and pelvis examinations between mobile equipment in nursing homes and static indirect radiography equipment in the hospital
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 26:2, s. 31-37
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: A hospital environment can be a significant burden and a health risk especially for dementia patients. Mobile x-ray equipment (ME) is used to enable imaging of these patients at home. The aim was to compare image quality (IQ) of chest, hip and pelvis images from ME to the stationary equipment (SE) used in a hospital department. Methods: We analysed examinations of the chest (n = 20), hip (n = 64) and pelvis (n = 32). Images were equally obtained from each setting of ME and SE. All images were graded using Visual Grading Analysis (VGA) by three radiographers (hip and pelvis) and three radiologists (chest). Technical IQ assessment was done by 80 additional images of a Contrast-Detail Radiography phantom (CDRAD). Results: All chest images were approved for diagnostic use, as well as the hip AP and pelvis images from SE. ‘Approved proportion of ME images was for HIP antero-posterior (AP) and pelvis, 78% [95% CI: 52–94%] and 81% [95% CI: 54–96%] respectively. Hip axial had an overall low, but not significant different approval rate. Ordered logistic regression indicated higher IQ of HIP AP and pelvic images from SE. This contrasts that the CDRAD substudy indicated better IQ, expressed as IQFinv, from ME. Conclusion: The VGA showed higher IQ for the SE system, while the CDRAD showed higher IQ for the ME system. Implications for practice: Dementia patients can be examined at their home if the acquisition is optimised according to image quality in conjunct to radiation dose. Performing imaging out of the hospital and coordinating the patients’ further treatment are new work areas for radiographers and requires excellent communication skills.
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34.
  • Precht, H., et al. (författare)
  • Does software optimization influence the radiologists' perception in low dose paediatric pelvic examinations?
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 25:2, s. 143-147
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To investigate whether software optimisation can improve an observers’ perception of image quality in low dose paediatric pelvic examinations. Methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients (3–7 years old) were referred for a pelvic digital radiography (DR) examination. They were prospectively enrolled in the study over a 3-month period. Images were taken at 80 kV and 2–4 mAs depending on pelvic thickness (9–15 cm). A small focal spot, 130 cm SID: 10 cm air gap and 1 mm Al and 0.2 mm Cu additional filtration were also utilised. Images were acquired on a Canon DR detector and optimised using five different combinations of the multi-frequency processing software (Canon DR system version NE, Version 7.1 with SPECTRA) to comply with the ALARA principle. Image quality was blindly evaluated using the subjective Visual Grading Analysis (VGA) by five experienced musculoskeletal radiologists, including the evaluation of six anatomical image quality criteria (scored from 1 to 5). Results: Consistently, the VGA results indicated that by using software optimised parameters, image quality was suitable for diagnosis in 48–71% of all images. Based on a VGC analysis all software optimised images did have significant better image quality then the one with just the clinical settings. Noise reduction was the software setting which influenced the image quality the most, area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8172 95%CI 0.7953–0.8375. Conclusion: Software optimisation improve the radiologists' perception of image quality and should thus be thoroughly considered within clinical practise. Noise reduction is the software parameter which has the greatest influence.
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35.
  • Precht, H., et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers' perspectives' on Visual Grading Analysis as a scientific method to evaluate image quality
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174. ; 25:Suppl. 1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Radiographers routinely undertake many initiatives to balance image quality with radiation dose (optimisation). For optimisation studies to be successful image quality needs to be carefully evaluated. Purpose was to 1) discuss the strengths and limitations of a Visual Grading Analysis (VGA) method for image quality evaluation and 2) to outline the method from a radiographer's perspective. Methods: A possible method for investigating and discussing the relationship between radiographic image quality parameters and the interpretation and perception of X-ray images is the VGA method. VGA has a number of advantages such as being low cost and a detailed image quality assessment, although it is limited to ensure the images convey the relevant clinical information and relate the task based radiography. Results: Comparing the experience of using VGA and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) it is obviously that less papers are published on VGA (Pubmed n=1.384) compared to ROC (Pubmed n=122.686). Hereby the scientific experience of the VGA method is limited compared to the use of ROC. VGA is, however, a much newer method and it is slowly gaining more and more attention. Conclusion: The success of VGA requires a number of steps to be completed, such as defining the VGA criteria, choosing the VGA method (absolute or relative), including observers, finding the best image display platforms, training observers and selecting the best statistical method for the study purpose should be thoroughly considered. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers.
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36.
  • Rasmussen, A. M., et al. (författare)
  • Repeatability of diffusion-based stiffness prediction – A healthy volunteer study
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:2, s. 524-530
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The study investigated the repeatability of brain diffusion-based stiffness prediction (DWIstiff) in healthy volunteers. Methods: Thirty-one healthy volunteers were examined with DWIstiff using two different sets of b-values: b200-1500 s/mm2 (DWIstiff, 1500) and b200-1000 s/mm2 (DWIstiff, 1000). Each b-value set was scanned twice per imaging session without repositioning the participants. DWIstiff images were reconstructed from each set. Two observers delineated regions of interest (ROIs) on each DWIstiff image. The repeatability coefficient (RC), coefficient of variation (CV), inter- and intraobserver agreement were calculated. Results: After excluding three participants due to image artifacts, the study included twenty-eight volunteers (mean age (range)) 37 years (24–62), 10 males, 18 females). For DWIstiff, 1500, the lowest and the highest RCs were in the parietal lobe (0.52) and respectively the brain stem (1.17). The lowest RC for DWIstiff, 1000 was in the frontal lobe (0.42) and the highest in the brain stem (1.58). The CV for whole brain measurements was 3.83 % for DWIstiff, 1500 and 4.93 % for DWIstiff, 1000. The Bland‒Altman (BA) limits of agreement (LoA) for the intraobserver agreement of DWIstiff, 1500 were −0.90 to 1.06 and respectively −0.78 to 0.88 for DWIstiff, 1000. Regarding interobserver agreement, the LoA were −0.85 to 0.94 for DWIstiff, 1500 and −0.61 to 0.66 for DWIstiff, 1000. Conclusion: DWIstiff is a precise technique with some observer dependence. Repeatability is higher for DWIstiff, 1000 s/mm2 than for DWIstiff 1500 s/mm2. Implications for practice: Our findings suggest that DWIstiff can reliably detect stiffness changes larger than 4.93 % in healthy volunteers. Further studies should investigate whether the repeatability of DWIstiff may be affected by the presence of pathology such as a brain tumor.
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37.
  • Saukko, E, et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers' involvement in research activities and opinions on radiography research : A Nordic survey
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Radiographers' engagement in research is important for the development of evidence-based practice in radiography; however, radiographers' interest in research has rarely been reported. This study sought to ascertain radiographers' opinions about radiography research and investigate their involvement in research activities in four Nordic countries.METHODS: This study was conducted in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. A study-specific questionnaire was developed in English and adapted to each language of the study sample, and the content and face validity of the adaptations were evaluated. An online tool was used to collect the study data. The questionnaire link was distributed in September 2019 to radiographers working in clinical settings in four Nordic countries (n = 4572).RESULTS: The overall response rate was 14% (n = 662/4572). Research involvement was reported by 33% of the respondents; data collection was the main type of contribution. Radiographers who contributed to research were more likely to be male, have longer work experience, hold a master's or doctoral degree, work as managers and be employed in university hospitals. Nearly all agreed that radiography research is needed to promote the radiography profession and provide the evidence base for radiographic practice. However, only 14% were aware of the current research evidence regarding their professional field of specialisation, and 19% indicated that they developed current practices based on research evidence.CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that, although radiographers had positive attitudes towards radiography research, their involvement in research and utilisation of research evidence in practice is low.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Strategies should be developed to improve knowledge and skills related to evidence-based practice and stimulate radiographers' engagement in research.
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38.
  • Sterlingova, Tatiana, et al. (författare)
  • Factors affecting women's participation in mammography screening in Nordic countries : A systematic review
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 29:5, s. 878-885
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Mammography screening programs have been implemented in European countries as prevention tools aimed at reducing breast cancer mortality through early detection in asymptomatic women. Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland) demonstrated high participation rates; however, breast cancer mortality could be limited by further optimizing screening. This review aimed to explore factors that affect women's participation in mammography screening in Nordic countries.Method: A systematic review of segregated mixed research synthesis using a deductive approach was conducted. The following databases and platforms were searched to identify relevant studies: CINAHL with Full Text (EBSCOHost), MEDLINE (EBSCOHost), PsycInfo (ProQuest), Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science Core Collection (SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, and ESCI). The Critical Appraisal Skills Program was used for quality assessment. The Health Promotion Model was applied to integrate findings from qualitative and qualitative research. All methodological steps followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Results: The final selection (16 articles) included studies from three Nordic countries: Denmark (four quantitative studies), Norway (one qualitative and four quantitative studies), and Sweden (three qualitative and seven quantitative studies). Sixty-three factors were identified as barriers, facilitators, or factors with no influence.Conclusion: A substantial number of obtained factors, spread across a wide spectrum, describe (non-)participation in mammography screening as a versatile phenomenon.Implications for practice: The findings of this review could benefit the mammography staff and providers regarding possible interventions aimed at improving screening participation rates.
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39.
  • Sterlingova, Tatiana, et al. (författare)
  • Why do women refrain from mammography screening?
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 24:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for middle-aged women in Sweden. Approximately 600,000 women are surveyed annually within the national screening program. However, 20% of Swedish women do not participate in mammography screening. Participation in mammography screening is a complex phenomenon that has many dimensions. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons why women refrain from mammography screening from the perspective of non-attending women. Method: A qualitative approach was chosen, and 10 women were interviewed. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two categories were identified: individual needs and absence of active promotion. "Non-personalized system" was the main theme that emerged from the analysis. Conclusion: The mammography screening does not adapt to the needs of each individual. This may be the reason why some women refrain from mammography screening.
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40.
  • Strand, Thomas, et al. (författare)
  • Caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an MRI examination
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - London : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 24:1, s. 79-83
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is without question the best tool used for diagnosing and evaluating spinal metastasis. An MRI examination is known to be of great value for the treatment planning and survival of these patients. Radiographers have an important role in how the quality of care is experienced by the patients during an MRI examination. The purpose of the study was to describe the radiographers’ perceptions of caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an examination with MRI.Methods: Phenomenography was used to analyze the data in this study. Ten radiographers, one male and nine females were interviewed about their perception of caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an MRI examination.Results: The findings showed that the radiographers’ caring perspective influenced their approach towards what they consider to be essential in the care of patients with spinal metastasis. This can impact the extent of the adjustment to the care needs of the patients. Furthermore, the findings showed that there was a strong connection between the radiographers’ care approach and preparedness to personalize the care.Conclusion: This study shows that it is important to be flexible when providing care for the patients. A person-centered care is achieved when the caring perspective is based on the patient’s view and adjustments are made in agreement with the patient.
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41.
  • Sundland, S. L., et al. (författare)
  • The mobile X-ray service and hip fractures : The impact of the mobile X-ray service on the hip fast track
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:3, s. 709-714
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Hip fracture is a serious affliction that requires fast care and an X-ray examination, which are provided by an ambulance and a visit to the radiology department, respectively. If a well-functioning mobile X-ray service could be developed, by examining the patient in their own home, both the work strain of hospital workers and patient suffering could be reduced. The purpose of this study was to determine if the mobile X-ray service could be a supplement to the fast-track process that is utilised by the ambulance service. The study also examines other department's opinion of this implementation.METHODS: A mixed method was used where data from a Swedish hospital's local RIS/PACS was collected from 706 patients for quantitative analysis, and six personnel working at the hospital were interviewed to obtain qualitative data.RESULTS: The quantitative data demonstrates that the actual mobile X-ray service cannot act in such an acute manner as an ambulance service due to the staffing problems that the hospital is faced with, but with optimal staffing, radiographs with mobile X-ray service could be performed within an acute timeframe. The qualitative data shows that there is a strong wish for the mobile X-ray service to expand and be more active, but this requires a better staffing situation in the radiology department and better communication possibilities between other departments.CONCLUSION: The mobile X-ray service is desirable in the investigated region, and it could benefit both the emergency ward and the ambulance service, and it could function as infection control for geriatric patients, but more radiographers on staff is required if the service should be functional as a complement to the hip-"fast track". More studies on the subject are required.IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: A wide generalisation of the results is not applicable in this study, as mobile X-ray and the "hip fast track" is not a widespread service throughout Sweden. This means that this study only suggests trends, which needs to be studied further.
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42.
  • Trygg, Emily, et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers’ confidence in handling iodine based contrast media hypersensitivity reactions
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:1, s. 21-27
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media, which is used during computed tomography (CT) examinations, are rare. As a result, radiographers have limited experience handling those situations and may feel uncertainty and a lack of confidence. The aim of this study was to investigate radiographers' confidence in handling hypersensitivity reactions to contrast media during CT examinations.Methods: A survey in the form of a questionnaire was conducted to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. There were 31 clinics that participated in this study, of which four were university hospitals, 17 were medium-sized hospitals and 10 were small hospitals. In total, the questionnaires were distributed to 700 radiographers. The questionnaire contained 12 questions and was distributed via email with a link to the questionnaire.Results: Two hundred-ninety radiographers participated in the survey. 72% of the respondents answered in the middle of the four-point scale (2–3) in response to the statement “I feel confident in handling hypersensitivity reactions”. 65% answered that they did not have routines for training regularly regarding hypersensitivity reactions. Qualitative data showed that many of the respondents wished to receive education and training regularly.Conclusions: The confidence of radiographers regarding the management of hypersensitivity reactions was deficient and most of the respondents wished they felt more confident.Implication for practice: To increase radiographers' confidence in handling hypersensitivity reactions, it is recommended that the radiology clinics review their routines and the possibility to implement regular training.
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43.
  • Wallin, Agneta, et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers' perception of patient safety culture in radiology
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - 1078-8174. ; 29:3, s. 610-616
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Radiographers play a central role in patient safety because of their knowledge of and responsibilities in relation to the imaging process. To maintain safe care, the workplace must create a safety culture that enables sustainable safety work. Aim: This study aims to describe radiographers' perceptions of the patient safety culture in radiology units in Sweden. Methods: The Swedish Hospital Survey of Patients' Safety Culture (S-HSOPSC) was used to gather descriptive data from 171 Swedish registered radiographers working in five radiology clinics distributed across 15 units. Fifty-one questionnaire items and one open-ended question were analysed, comprising perceptions of the overall safety grade, the frequency of number of reported risks and events, and 14 composites regarding patient safety dimensions. Results: The radiographers' concerns surrounding the patient safety culture in their workplaces related to weaknesses regarding the safety dimensions "Staffing", "Frequency of error reporting", "Organizational learning -continuous improvement" and "Executive management support for patient safety". They perceived "Teamwork within the unit" to be a strength. Conclusion: Despite some weaknesses in the patient safety culture, the radiographers perceived that the overall patient safety level was good, in part because of their ability to spot risks in time. The executive management, however, needed to improve their feedback on safety measures; and another reason for some weaknesses in the patient safety culture could be staffing issues such as lack of time for meetings for continuous improvement. Managers and leaders have a great responsibility to establish a patient safety culture through support and good leadership.Implications for practice: An understanding of what creates a safety culture is important to prevent patient safety incidents.
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44.
  • Wennberg, L., et al. (författare)
  • Effects of ultra-high field MRI environment on cognitive performance in healthy participants
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Radiography. - 1078-8174. ; 30:1, s. 95-99
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Ultra-high field MRI (UHF MRI) is rapidly becoming an essential part of our toolbox within health care and research studies; therefore, we need to get a deeper understanding of the physiological effects of ultra-high field. This study aims to investigate the cognitive performance of healthy participants in a 7 T (T) MRI environment in connection with subjectively experienced effects. Methods: We measured cognitive performance before and after a 1-h 7T MRI scanning session using a Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) in 42 subjects. Furthermore, a computer-based survey regarding the subjectively experienced effects in connection with the MRI examination was distributed. Similarly, two DSSTs were also performed by a control group of 40 participants. Results: Even though dizziness was the strongest sensory perception in connection to the MRI scanning, we did not find any correlation between dizziness and cognitive performance. Whilst the control group improved (p=<0.001) on their second DSST the MRI group showed no significant difference (p=0.741) in the DSST before and after MRI scanning. Conclusion: Transient effect on cognition after undergoing MRI scanning can't be ruled out as the expected learning effect on the DSST was not observed. Implications for practice: Increasing understanding of the possible adverse effects may guide operators in performing UHF MRI in a safe way and with person-centered care. Furthermore, it can guide researchers in setting up research protocols to minimize confounding factors in their fMRI studies due to the transient adverse effects of the UHF environment.
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