| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Allard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine in geriatric outpatients with major depression : a double-blind, randomised 6-month comparative trial with citalopram.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 19:12, s. 1123-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The objectives of the study were to compare efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine ER 75-150 mg/day with that of citalopram 10-20 mg/day in elderly patients with major depression according to DSM-IV criteria. METHODS: A randomised, double-blind, parallel group 6-month study. Efficacy was assessed by MADRS, CGI Global Improvement, CGI Severity of Illness and GDS-20 scores and safety by physical examinations, vital signs, adverse events and UKU side effect rating. Plasma levels of venlafaxine, its major metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine and citalopram were followed. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-one male and female patients (64-89 years) were enrolled and 118 patients completed the study. Comparable improvements in MADRS, CGI Severity of Illness, CGI Global Improvement and GDS-20 were observed during venlafaxine and citalopram treatment. The MADRS remission rate was 19% for venlafaxine and 23% for citalopram. Side effects were common during both treatments but differed in tremor being more common during citalopram and nausea/vomiting during venlafaxine treatment. There were no clinically significant changes in blood pressure or body weight. CONCLUSION: The observed benefits of venlafaxine treatment in elderly patients with major depression were similar to those observed in younger adults as were reported adverse events and side effects. Treatment with venlafaxine ER was well tolerated and induced beneficial effects of similar magnitude as those of citalopram.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alwin, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Support/services among family caregivers of persons with dementia - perceived importance and services received
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 25, s. 240-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: The results from this study suggest that there is almost no difference between groups of caregivers experiencing higher and lower NI regarding their perception of what are important types of support/services. The caregivers rated different types of support/services within the areas of information, relief and counselling as very important.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Edith, et al.
(författare)
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The meaning of acute confusional state from the perspective of elderly patients.
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 17:7, s. 652-663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to illuminate lived experience of having been in an acute confusional state (ACS) as narrated by elderly patients in orthopaedic care. METHOD: Qualitative study with phenomenological hermeneutic method for analysing the data based on narrative interviews. Fifty patients (67-96 years of age) who developed ACS during hospitalisation and in all cases the ACS ceased during their stay on the ward were interviewed once lucid again regarding the course of the event, their experiences, memories and interpretation of what had happened during the ACS. RESULTS: The meaning of the patients' lived experiences of being and having been confused was interpreted as 'Being trapped in incomprehensible experiences and a turmoil of past and present and here and there', comprising the themes trying to get a grip on the experience of the confusion, encountering past, present and the realm of the imagination as reality during the period of confusion and confronting the idea of having been confused. Contradictory to earlier research the patients remembered and could tell in great detail about their ACS. While confused, the confusional state means that impressions of all kinds invade the mind of the person and are experienced as reality, making him/her a victim of these impressions rather than the one who controls what comes into his/her mind. While in the middle of these experiences the person simultaneously senses that the impressions are unreal, thus indicating that he/she is in some sort of borderland between understanding and not understanding. The things that come into the mind of the person can either be frightening or neutral or enjoyable scenarios that seem to be mainly familiar but can also be unknown. These scenarios seem to be a mixture of past and present, of events and people while they seem to float from location to location. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicates that what takes place during the ACS is not nonsense but probably a mix of the patient's life history, their present situation and above all a form of communication concerning their emotional state and inner experiences in this new situation. The findings also indicated that one possible approach to the patients is to confirm and support the patients in narrating their experiences both during the confusion and also after the ACS had ceased.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Maria A, et al.
(författare)
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The cognitive profile and CSF biomarkers in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.
- 2011
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 26:1, s. 100-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) may be viewed as different points on a continuum reflecting the regional burden and distribution of pathology. An important clinical consideration is overlapping Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, since it has been reported that associated AD pathology in DLB shortens survival and leads to a more rapid cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and the associated cognitive profile in DLB and PDD.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, M, et al.
(författare)
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The period of hypotension following orthostatic challenge is prolonged in dementia with Lewy bodies.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 23:2, s. 192-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine whether orthostatic hypotension (OH) is more common in patients with dementia than in older people without cognitive impairment and to identify key differences in the profile of the orthostatic response and the pulse drive during orthostatic challenge between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS: The orthostatic response was evaluated in 235 patients with AD, 52 patients with DLB and 62 elderly controls. The blood pressure and pulse rate were measured in supine position, immediately after standing up and after 1, 3, 5 and 10 min of standing. OH was defined as a reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) of at least 20 mm Hg or a reduction of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of at least 10 mm Hg. RESULTS: OH occurred in 69% of the DLB patients and in 42% of the AD patients, but only in 13% of the controls (p < 0.001 controls vs AD and controls vs DLB, p = 0.001 AD vs DLB) The DLB patients had a greater drop in SBP than the other study groups during orthostatic challenge and had a more prolonged period of orthostasis. The pulse drive on orthostatic challenge was similar in between groups. However, in the DLB group it was not adequate to restore the blood pressure to supine values. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DLB react different to orthostatic challenge than patients with AD or controls, with important clinical implications for key disease symptoms and treatment.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ankarcrona, M, et al.
(författare)
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Biomarkers for apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease
- 2005
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 20:2, s. 101-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Facial expressions in severely demented patients : a stimulus-response study of four patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type
- 1991
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 6:8, s. 599-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to exhibit facial expressions was studied in four patients with severe dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), by means of the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) and physiological responses (heart rate, respiration, skin temperature) under pleasant and unpleasant stimulus conditions. Complex facial expressions that could be interpreted as expressions of emotions were not seen. An increase in the number of facial movements and changes in the physiological responses were seen most markedly under the unpleasant stimulus condition. The patients' reactions during the assumed pleasant stimulus conditions indicated comfort. Different reactions were obtained among the patients. The importance of developing further methods to identify and interpret facial movements in nurse-patient relationships is emphasized.
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| 12. |
- Baxter, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring changes to resident thriving and associated factors in Swedish nursing homes : a repeated cross-sectional study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 37:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore changes to resident thriving in Swedish nursing homes over a 5-year period and describe changes in associated factors.MethodsCross-sectional data were collected from a randomised sample of Swedish nursing homes in 2013/2014 (baseline) and 2018/2019 (follow-up). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and chi squared tests were used to statistically evaluate differences between the samples. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore associations between thriving and the study variables.ResultsResident characteristics were relatively consistent between the full baseline (N = 4831) and follow-up (N = 3894) samples. Within a sub-sample of nursing homes that participated in both data collections mean thriving scores were found to have increased from 152.9 to 155.2 (p ≤ 0.003; d =0.09) and overall neuropsychiatric index scores had decreased from 16.0 to 14.3 (p ≤ 0.004; d =0.09), as had the prevalence of several neuropsychiatric symptoms. Thriving was found to have a positive association with the neuropsychiatric symptom of elation/euphoria, and negative associations with the symptoms of aggression/agitation, depression/dysphoria, apathy, and irritability.ConclusionsThe results show an increase in overall thriving scores and a decrease in overall neuropsychiatric scores between baseline and follow-up. This study confirmed associations between thriving and certain neuropsychiatric symptoms and established comparative knowledge regarding changes in resident thriving, characteristics, and symptom prevalence. These findings could inform future care and organisational policies to support thriving in nursing homes, particularly among residents at risk of lower thriving due to cognitive impairment or neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Billstedt, Eva, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Secular changes in personality: study on 75-year-olds examined in 1976-1977 and 2005-2006.
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 28:3, s. 298-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In order to study secular changes in personality factors neuroticism and extroversion, representative population samples of non-demented 75-year-olds underwent psychiatric examinations in 1976-1977 (total n=223, 138 women, 85 men) and 2005-2006 (total n=556, 322 women and 234 men). METHODS: Eysenck Personality Inventory was used at both occasions. Demographic factors (educational level, marital status, having children) were registered. RESULTS: Seventy-five-year-olds examined in 2005-2006 had higher values on extroversion and lower values on the Lie scale compared with those examined in 1976-1977. Neuroticism did not differ between the two birth cohorts. Neuroticism scores were higher in women than in men both in 1976-1977 and 2005-2006, and Lie score was higher in women than in men in 2005-2006. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that present cohorts of 75-year-olds are more extroverted and less prone to respond in a socially desirable manner than those born three decades earlier. Neuroticism levels remained unchanged, suggesting this trait may be less influenced by environmental factors than the other traits studied.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Björk, Sabine, et al.
(författare)
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Thriving in relation to cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Swedish nursing home residents
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 33:1, s. E49-E57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore relations among thriving, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in nursing home residents.Methods: A national, cross-sectional, randomized study of Swedish nursing home residents (N = 4831) was conducted between November 2013 and September 2014. Activities of daily life functioning, cognitive functioning, NPS, and thriving were assessed with the Katz activities of daily living, Gottfries' Cognitive Scale, Nursing Home version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and Thriving of Older People Scale, respectively. Individual NPS were explored in relation to cognitive function. Simple linear and multiple regression models were used to explore thriving in relation to resident characteristics.Results: Aggression and depressive symptoms were identified as negatively associated with thriving regardless of resident cognitive functioning. At higher levels of cognitive functioning, several factors showed associations with thriving; however, at lower levels of cognitive functioning, only the degree of cognitive impairment and the NPS was associated with thriving. Most of the individual NPS formed nonlinear relationships with cognitive functioning with higher symptom scores in the middle stages of cognitive functioning. Exceptions were elation/euphoria and apathy, which increased linearly with severity of cognitive impairment.Conclusions: The lower the cognitive functioning was, the fewer factors were associated with thriving. Aggression and depressive symptoms may indicate lower levels of thriving; thus, targeting these symptoms should be a priority in nursing homes.
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| 17. |
- Björkman Björkelund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The Organic Brain Syndrome (OBS) scale: a systematic review.
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 21:3, s. 210-222
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objective The Organic Brain Syndrome (OBS) Scale was developed to determine elderly patients' disturbances of awareness and orientation as to time, place and own identity, and assessment of various emotional and behavioural symptoms appearing in delirium, dementia and other organic mental diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the OBS Scale, using the eight criteria and guidelines formulated by the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust (SAC), and to investigate its relevance and suitability for use in various clinical settings. Method Systematic search and analysis of papers (30) on the OBS Scale were carried out using the criteria suggested by the SAC. Results: The OBS Scale in many aspects satisfies the requirements suggested by the SAC: conceptual and measurement model, reliability, validity, responsiveness, interpretability, respondent and administrative burden, alternative forms of administration, and cultural and language adaptations, but there is a need for additional evaluation, especially with regard to different forms of reliability, and the translation and adaptation to other languages. Conclusions The OBS Scale is a sensitive scale which is clinically useful for the description and long-term follow-up of patients showing symptoms of acute confusional state and dementia. Although the OBS Scale has been used in several clinical studies there is need for further evaluation. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Boström, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with Lewy body dementia use more resources than those with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 22:Dec 29, s. 713-719
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare resource use and costs in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to assess determinants of costs of care in DLB. Method Thirty-four patients with DLB were included in a cross-sectional study. The patients were matched with respect to age, gender and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score to 34 patients with AD. Both groups were examined using Resource Utilisation in Dementia (RUD Lite), MMSE and the Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI). The DLB patients were additionally examined using the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (DAD). Results Costs of care in patients suffering from DLB was on average 348,000 SEK (37,5004 is an element of) per year compared to 169,000 SEK (18,2004 is an element of) in the AD group (p < 0.001). Within the DLB group, care costs correlated significantly (r(c) = 2.77, p < 0.001) with dependency in instrumental activities of daily living measured with DAD, whereas MMSE and NPI were not significantly correlated to resource use in the DLB group. Conclusions DLB patients use more resources, and are more costly than AD patients. Dependency in instrumental activities of daily living is strongly correlated to resource use in DLB patients. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 20. |
- Boström, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a high-intensity functional exercise program on depressive symptoms among people with dementia in residential care : a randomized controlled trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 31:8, s. 868-878
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a high-intensity functional exercise program on depressive symptoms among older care facility residents with dementia.METHODS: Residents (n = 186) with a diagnosis of dementia, age ≥ 65 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥ 10, and dependence in activities of daily living were included. Participants were randomized to a high-intensity functional exercise program or a non-exercise control activity conducted 45 min every other weekday for 4 months. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) were administered by blinded assessors at baseline, 4, and 7 months.RESULTS: No difference between the exercise and control activity was found in GDS or MADRS score at 4 or 7 months. Among participants with GDS scores ≥ 5, reductions in GDS score were observed in the exercise and control groups at 4 months (-1.58, P = 0.001 and -1.54, P = 0.004) and 7 months (-1.25, P = 0.01 and -1.45, P = 0.007). Among participants with MADRS scores ≥ 7, a reduction in MADRS score was observed at 4 months in the control group (-2.80, P = 0.009) and at 7 months in the exercise and control groups (-3.17, P = 0.003 and -3.34, P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONS: A 4-month high-intensity functional exercise program has no superior effect on depressive symptoms relative to a control activity among older people with dementia living in residential care facilities. Exercise and non-exercise group activities may reduce high levels of depressive symptoms.
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| 21. |
- Braam, Arjan W, et al.
(författare)
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Depression and parkinsonism in older Europeans: results from the EURODEP concerted action.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 25:7, s. 679-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The prevalence rate of depression among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) has been estimated at 25%, although prevalence figures range between 7-76%. Relatively few studies on PD and depression are based on random samples in the general population. Some depressive symptoms can also be understood as symptoms of parkinsonism, and the current study aims to describe which 'overlap' symptoms can be identified in a community sample. METHODS: Data are employed from the EURODEP collaboration. Nine study centres, from eight western European countries, provided data on depression (most GMS-AGECAT), depressive symptoms (EURO-D items and anxiety), parkinsonism (self-report of PD or clinical signs of PD), functional disability and dementia diagnosis. RESULTS: Data were complete for 16 313 respondents, aged 65 and older; 306 (1.9%) reported or had signs of parkinsonism. The rate of depression was about twice as high among respondents with parkinsonism (unadjusted Odds Ratio 2.44, 95% Confidence Interval 1.88-3.17), also among those without functional disability. 'Overlap' symptoms between parkinsonism and depression, were represented by motivation and concentration problems, appetite problems and especially the symptom of fatigue (energy loss). However, principal component analysis showed that these 'overlap' symptoms loaded on different factors of the EURO-D scale. CONCLUSIONS: As among clinical patients with PD, depression is highly common in community dwelling older people with parkinsonism, even among those without functional disability. Although fatigue did not strongly relate to motivational symptoms, both types of 'overlap' symptoms possibly trigger a final common pathway towards a full depressive syndrome. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Brunnström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Correlations of CSF tau and amyloid levels with Alzheimer pathology in neuropathologically verified dementia with Lewy bodies.
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 28:7, s. 738-744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The presence of concomitant Alzheimer pathology has been linked to earlier death in cases with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Recently, elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau protein levels have been reported to be associated with shorter survival in clinically diagnosed DLB. Correlations between CSF biomarkers and neuropathological findings in DLB are missing. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between CSF biomarker levels and histopathological findings, with a focus on concomitant Alzheimer pathology, in neuropathologically verified DLB cases. METHODS: The extent of neurofibrillary pathology (Braak stage), neuritic plaques (CERAD stage), Alzheimer pathology (PPAD9 stage) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy was assessed in 16 cases with DLB in whom total tau (T-tau), hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42) protein levels in CSF had been analyzed in vivo. Demographic and clinical data were collected. RESULTS: Both Braak and PPAD9 stages were inversely correlated with Aβ42 levels, whereas CERAD stage showed no significant correlations. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy correlated positively with T-tau and T-tau/Aβ42 ratio, and inversely with Aβ42 levels, but the group showed a very heterogeneous extent of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of concomitant Alzheimer pathology correlates with CSF Aβ42 but not with T-tau levels in cases with neuropathologically defined DLB. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 25. |
- Bruno, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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The recency ratio is related to CSF amyloid beta 1-42 levels in MCI-AD.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 34:3, s. 415-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As anti-amyloid therapeutic interventions shift from enrolling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia to individuals with pre-clinical disease, the need for sensitive measures that allow for non-invasive, fast, disseminable, and cost-effective identification of preclinical status increases in importance. The recency ratio (Rr) is a memory measure that relies on analysis of serial position performance, which has been found to predict cognitive decline and conversion to early mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to test Rr's sensitivity to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the core AD biomarkers in individuals with MCI-AD and controls.Baseline data from 126 (110 controls and 16 MCI-AD) participants from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were analysed. Partial correlations adjusting for demographics were carried out between CSF measure of amyloid beta (Aβ40, Aβ42, and the 40/42 ratio) and tau (total and phosphorylated), and memory measures (Rr, delayed recall, and total recall) derived from the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test.Results indicated that Rr was the most sensitive memory score to Aβ42 levels in MCI-AD, while no memory score correlated significantly with any biomarker in controls.This study shows that Rr is a sensitive cognitive index of underlying amyloid β pathology in MCI-AD.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Cadar, Dorina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of cognitive reserve on terminal decline: a cross-cohort analysis from two European studies: OCTO-Twin, Sweden, and Newcastle 85+, UK.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 31:6, s. 601-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive performance shows a marked deterioration in close proximity to death, as postulated by the terminal decline hypothesis. The effect of education on the rate of terminal decline in the oldest people (i.e. persons 85+ years) has been controversial and not entirely understood. In the current study, we investigated the rate of decline prior to death with a special focus on the role of education and socioeconomic position, in two European longitudinal studies of ageing: the Origins of Variance in the Old-Old: Octogenarian Twins (OCTO-Twin) and the Newcastle 85+ study.
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| 28. |
- Campbell, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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'I can see what's going on without being nosey…' : What matters to people living with dementia about home as revealed through visual home tours.
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 38:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This paper considers home from the perspective of people living with dementia supporting ongoing discourse around ageing in place and the significance of creating more inclusive communities.METHODS: Forty-six home tour interviews led by people living with dementia were conducted in England and Scotland to better understand the connectivity between home and neighbourhood for people living with dementia. These interviews used a range of participatory and creative approaches including video, photographic images and in situ interviews. Data were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis.RESULTS: Three themes were identified in data analysis. 1. Connected home and neighbourhood, where participants revealed the dynamic relationship between home and neighbourhood; 2. Practices of home, where participants discussed the everyday nature of their homes and routines; and 3. Displaying home and family, which reflected participant's biographical homes in the context of living with dementia.DISCUSSION: The findings show that home holds multiple meanings for people living with dementia. For example, home is understood as a part of the neighbourhood and an extension of the home space into gardens and backyards, thus extending existing discourses that solely focus on the inside of people's homes. For people living with dementia, homes are also sites of negotiation and renegotiation where new meanings are created to reflect the changing nature and context of the home. There is not one fixed solution to these issues. Support and understanding for people living with dementia will need to evolve to adapt to the shifting dynamics and multiple meanings of home.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- De Leo, D, et al.
(författare)
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Attempted and completed suicide in older subjects : results from the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour.
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 16:3, s. 300-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stockholm (Sweden), Pontoise (France) and Oxford (UK) had the highest suicide attempts rates. In most centres, the majority of elderly who attempted suicide were widow(er)s, often living alone, who used predominantly voluntary drug ingestion. Non-fatal suicidal behaviour decreased with increasing age, whereas suicide rates rose. The ratio between fatal and non-fatal behaviours was 1:2, that for males/females almost 1:1. In the years considered, substantial stability in suicide and attempted suicide rates was observed. As their age increased, suicidal subjects displayed only a limited tendency to repeat self-destructive acts. Moreover, there was little correlation between attempted suicide and suicide rates, which carries different clinical implications for non-fatal suicidal behaviour in the elderly compared with younger subjects in the same WHO/EURO study.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Eikelboom, Willem S., et al.
(författare)
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Biweekly fluctuations of neuropsychiatric symptoms according to the Neuropsychiatric Inventory : Erratic symptoms or scores?
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 37:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study investigates the stability of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) assessed biweekly using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) in a memory clinic population during a 6 week period. Methods: Twenty-three spousal caregivers (mean [SD] age = 69.7 [8.8], 82.6% female) of 23 patients (43.5% had dementia) completed all assessments. The NPI was assessed four times during 6 weeks. We examined whether NPI domains were present during all four assessments, studied within-person variation for each NPI domain, and calculated Spearman's correlations between subsequent time-points. Furthermore, we associated repeated NPI assessments with repeated measures of caregiver burden to examine the clinical impact of changes in NPI scores over time. Results: The course of NPS was highly irregular according to the NPI, with only 35.8% of the NPI domains that were present at baseline persisted during all 6 weeks. We observed large within-person variation in the presence of individual NPI domains (61.3%, range 37.5%–83.9%) and inconsistent correlations between NPI assessments (e.g., range rs = 0.20–0.57 for agitation, range rs = 0.29–0.59 for anxiety). Higher NPI total scores were related to higher caregiver burden (rs = 0.60, p < 0.001), but changes in NPI total scores were unrelated to changes in caregiver burden (rs = 0.16, p = 0.20). Conclusions: We observed strong fluctuations in NPI scores within very short time windows raising the question whether this represents erratic symptoms and/or scores. Further studies are needed to investigate the origins of these fluctuations.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Elfgren, C., et al.
(författare)
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Neuropsychological tests as discriminators between dementia of Alzheimer type and frontotemporal dementia
- 1994
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 1099-1166 .- 0885-6230. ; 9:8, s. 635-642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine whether cognitive test performance alone could distinguish patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) from those with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Scores from three neuropsychological tests were used as discriminating variables in 28 cases with postmortem verified diagnoses. The selected tests measured verbal ability, visuospatial ability and verbal memory. Eighty-nine per cent of the sample was correctly classified by discriminant analysis. Evaluating the ability of the obtained discriminant function to differentiate between groups of DAT and FTD in a new, clinically diagnosed sample of 38 cases yielded an overall success rate of 84%. The results suggest that cognitive tests may be helpful for differential diagnosis in the context of a neuropsychiatric examination.
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- Eriksson, Sture
(författare)
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Developments in dementia strategy
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 25:9, s. 885-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Finkel, Deborah, et al.
(författare)
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Does the length of institutionalization matter? Longitudinal follow-up of persons with severe mental illness 65 year and older : shorter-stay versus longer-stay
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 36:8, s. 1223-1230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: As part of the process of de-institutionalization in the Swedish mental healthcare system, a reform was implemented in 1995, moving the responsibility for services and social support for people with severe mental illness (SMI) from the regional level to the municipalities. In many ways, older people with SMI were neglected in this changing landscape of psychiatric care. The aim of this study is to investigate functional levels, living conditions, need of support in daily life, and how these aspects changed over time for older people with SMI.METHODS: In this study we used data from surveys collected in 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011 and data from national registers. A group of older adults with severe persistent mental illness (SMI-O:P) was identified and divided into those who experienced shorter stays (less than 3 years) in a mental hospital (N = 118) and longer stays (N = 117).RESULTS: After correcting for longitudinal changes with age, the longer-stay group was more likely than the shorter-stay group to experience functional difficulties and as a result, were more likely to have experienced "re-institutionalization" to another care setting, as opposed to living independently.CONCLUSIONS: The length of mental illness hospitalization has significant effects on the living conditions of older people with SMI and their ability to participate in social life. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- Firbank, Michael J, et al.
(författare)
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White matter hyperintensities and depression--preliminary results from the LADIS study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 20:7, s. 674-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: White matter hyperintensities have been associated with the development of depression in older subjects, though the details of this relationship are not fully understood. METHODS: In a pan-European multicentre study of 629 older subjects, we examined the relationship between MRI white matter hyperintensities (WMH), depressive symptoms and self perceived health quality of life (QOL). WMH were rated using a three-point scale. RESULTS: We found depressive symptoms as assessed by the geriatric depression 15-item scale to be associated with WMH rating (Spearman's rho 0.11, p = 0.008) and also with the Euro-QOL health score (Spearman's rho -0.5, p < 0.001). In a ordinal logistic regression model, QOL was found to strongly predict GDS score (p < 0.001) and severe vs mild WMH were associated with increased depression (p = 0.028). The relationship between history of severe depression and WMH score was examined, but there were no differences either between those with and without a history of severe depression, or those with an early vs late onset of depression. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that WMH play a role in increasing depressive symptoms, even when perceived quality of life is controlled for as a possible mediating factor.
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- Frederiksen, K. S., et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity in the elderly is associated with improved executive function and processing speed: the LADIS Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 30:7, s. 744-750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesPhysical activity reduces the risk of cognitive decline but may affect cognitive domains differently. We examined whether physical activity modifies processing speed, executive function and memory in a population of non-dementia elderly subjects with age-related white matter changes (ARWMC). MethodsData from the Leukoaraiosis And DISability (LADIS) study, a multicenter, European prospective cohort study aimed at examining the role of ARWMC in transition to disability, was used. Subjects in the LADIS study were clinically assessed yearly for 3years including MRI at baseline and 3-year follow-up. Physical activity was assessed at baseline, and cognitive compound scores at baseline and 3-year assessment were used. ResultsTwo-hundred-eighty-two subjects (age, y (mean (SD)): 73.1 (5.1); gender (f/m): 164/118); MMSE (mean (SD)): 28.3 (+/- 1.7)) who had not progressed to MCI or dementia, were included. Multiple variable linear regression analysis with baseline MMSE, education, gender, age, stroke, diabetes and ARWMC rating as covariates revealed that physical activity was associated with better scores at baseline and 3-year follow-up for executive function (baseline: : 0.39, 95% CI: 0.13-0.90, p=0.008; follow-up: : 0.24, 95% CI: 0.10-0.38, p=0.001) and processing speed (baseline: : 0.48, 95% CI: 0.14-0.89, p=0.005; follow-up: : 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02-0.29, p=0.02) but not memory. When including baseline cognitive score as a covariate in the analysis of 3-year follow-up scores, executive function remained significant (: 0.11, 95% CI: 0-0.22, p=0.04). ConclusionOur findings confirm previous findings of a positive effect of physical activity on cognitive functions in elderly subjects, and further extends these by showing that the association is also present in patients with ARWMC. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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