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- Balaile, Gunnel, et al.
(författare)
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Sexuality and Health: A study of Tanzanian men`s experiences of living with HIV/AIDS
- 2008
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - Toronto : Bioline International. - 1118-4841. ; 12:1, s. 35-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore Tanzanian men’s experiences regarding their health and sex life after they had been diagnosed with HIV. In-depth interviews were performed with a purposive sample of ten men living in an urban area in Tanzania and who had been HIV positive for more than one year. A phenomenological-hermeneutic approach was used for analyzing the transcribed interviews. Three themes emerged from the texts; “awareness of HIV infection”, “perceived and ideal health”, and “sex life a source of happiness and caring”. Living with HIV meant profound adjustments to daily life activities for the participants. HIV forced them to learn new ways of having sexual intercourse and new ways of acting as a man. The meaning of being a “real man” had changed from being a man with great sexual prowess to being a “caring man” within one relationship. (Afr Reprod Health 2008; 12[1]:35-46).
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| 5. |
- Berggren, Vanja, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Being victims or beneficiaries? : perspectives on female genital cutting and reinfibulation in Sudan
- 2006
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 10:2, s. 24-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) or the more value neutral term, Female Genital Cutting (FGC) is widely practised in northern Sudan, where around 90% of women undergo the most extensive form of FGC, infibulation. One new approach to combating FGC in Sudan is to acknowledge the previously hidden form of FGC, reinfibulation (RI) after delivery, when the woman is sewn back so much as to mimic virginity. Based on a qualitative study in Khartoum State, this article explores Sudanese women's and men's perceptions and experiences of FGC with emphasis on RI after delivery. The results showed that both genders blame each other for the continuation of the practices, and the comprehensive understanding of the perceptions and experiences was that both the women and the men in this study were victims of th e consequences of FGC and RI. The female narratives could be understood in the three categories: viewing oneself as being "normal" in having undergone FGC and RI; being caught between different perspectives; and having limited influence on the practices of FGC and RI. The male narratives could be understood in the three categories: suffering from the consequences of FGC and RI, trying to counterbalance the negative sexual effects of FGC and striving in vain to change female traditions. The results indicate that the complexity of the persistence of FGC and RI goes far beyond being explained by subconscious patriarchal and maternalistic actions, related to socially constructed concepts of normality, female identity,tradition and religion a"silent" culture betweenmen and women.
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| 6. |
- Berggren, V, et al.
(författare)
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Being victims or beneficiaries? Perspectives on female genital cutting and reinfibulation in Sudan
- 2006
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - : Women's Health and Action Research Centre. - 1118-4841. ; 10:2, s. 24-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) or the more value neutral term, Female Genital Cutting (FGC) is widely practised in northern Sudan, where around 90% of women undergo the most extensive form of FGC, infibulation. One new approach to combating FGC in Sudan is to acknowledge the previously hidden form of FGC, reinfibulation (RI) after delivery, when the woman is sewn back so much as to mimic virginity. Based on a qualitative study in Khartoum State, this article explores Sudanese women's and men's perceptions and experiences of FGC with emphasis on RI after delivery. The results showed that both genders blame each other for the continuation of the practices, and the comprehensive understanding of the perceptions and experiences was that both the women and the men in this study were victims of th e consequences of FGC and RI.The female narratives could be understood in the three categories: viewing oneself as being "normal" in having undergone FGC and RI; being caught between different perspectives; and having limited influence on the practices of FGC and RI. The male narratives could be understood in the three categories: suffering from the consequences of FGC and RI, trying to counterbalance the negative sexual effects of FGC and striving in vain to change female traditions. The results indicate that the complexity of the persistence of FGC and RI goes far beyond being explained by subconscious patriarchal and maternalistic actions, related to socially constructed concepts of normality, female identity,tradition and religion a"silent" culture betweenmen and women.
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| 9. |
- Christensson, Kyllike, et al.
(författare)
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The Challenge of Improving Perinatal Care in settings with Limited Resources : Observations of Midwifery Practices in Mozambique
- 2006
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria : Women's Health and Action Research Centre. - 1118-4841. ; 10:1, s. 47-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to observe and analyze midwifery care routine related to asphyxia and hypothermia during the perinatal period and to investigate the effect of an in-service education program. A direct non-participant pre-and post intervention observation study of midwifery a performance during childbirth was conducted at a labour ward in Maputo. The observed groups consisted of 702 and 616 midwifery –attended deliveries. Examination was also conducted of the partographs (702 vs. 616). The quality of midwifery care related to prevention and early detection of asphyxia and hypothermia was found to be inadequate and the intervention had no significant effect upon the midwives' performances. This could be attributed to the quality of the intervention itself or to failure of implementing managerial decisions such as transfer to partograph documentation from obstetricians to midwives. Change in professional performance does not automatically follow awareness of evidence-based midwifery practices, but requires behavioural change, which may be more difficult to achieve.
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- Ezechi, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of direct visual inspection of the cervix in detecting cytology diagnosed squamous intraepithelial lesion in women of known HIV status. A randomized trial (CANHIV study)
- 2016
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 20:4, s. 77-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A two-arm, open label, randomized study, evaluated the test characteristics of visual inspection of cervix with Acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol’s Iodine (VILI) in detecting cytology diagnosed squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) in 1160 women of known HIV status in southwestern Nigerian. Using SIL as reference standard and the HIV status masked, VIA and VILI had similar test characteristics except for the positive predictive value in which VIA value of 91.5% was significantly higher than 77.7% for VILI (p=0.01). Among HIV positive women, VILI performed poorly across all the 4 test characteristics compared to VIA. Among severely immuno-compromised HIV positive participants VILI performance was consistently below 80% across all test characteristics (sensitivity-70.0%; specificity-66.9%; positive predictive value-46.7%; negative predictive value (NPV) -50.0%) compared to VIA (Senstivity-71.3%; specificity-88.2%; positive predictive value-83.3%; negative predictive value-88.2). Our study shows that VILI is insufficiently sensitive and specific in the presence of HIV infection especially in those with severe immunosuppression. Based on VIA’s acceptable sensitivity and NPV in all situations, it is recommended for cervical cancer screening in HIV positive women and in settings of high HIV burden.
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| 14. |
- Jangsten, Elisabeth, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Women's perceptions of pain and discomfort after childbirth in Angola.
- 2005
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Ingår i: African journal of reproductive health. - 1118-4841. ; 9:3, s. 148-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prophylactic treatment against postpartum haemorrhage is a widely investigated area and injection of Oxytocics has been considered as the best choice. The occurrence of postpartum pain and discomfort was studied in a population of birthing women in an overcrowded labour ward in Angola where the oxytocin-filled device Uniject was used. This study indicates that birthing women's perceived postpartum pain increases with parity and during breastfeeding, but does not confirm that injection of oxytocin increases pain and discomfort. This is an important finding, since it might facilitate the introduction of a management practice, likely to reduce haemorrhage-related maternal morbidity and mortality after delivery in underprivileged populations. The birthing women were, by and large, satisfied with the care and treatment provided, but the encounters with midwives seem to vary in quality. Further investigation is needed to elucidate parturient women's experience of postpartum pain and their perceptions of the quality of care and treatment.
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- Nyamtema, A S, et al.
(författare)
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Staffing needs for quality perinatal care in Tanzania
- 2008
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 12:3, s. 113-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Tanzania maternal and perinatal mortalities and morbidities are problems of public health importance, and have been linked to the shortage of skilled staff. We quantified the available workforce and the required nursing staff for perinatal care in 16 health institutions in Dar es Salaam. WHO safe motherhood needs assessment instruments were used to assess the availability of human resources, WHO designed Workload Indicators for Staffing Need (WISN) and Tanzanian standard activities and components of the workload for labour ward nursing were used to calculate nurse staffing requirements and WISN ratios. There was a severe shortage of essential categories of health staff for perinatal care in all institutions. The ranges of WISN ratios for nursing staff working in the municipal hospitals' labour wards were; nurse officers 0.5 - 1, trained nurses/midwives 0.2 - 0.4 and nurse assistants 0.1. These findings reflect extremely huge perinatal care workload pressure and suggest the urgent need for more staff in order to achieve the global millennium development goals set for maternal and infant survival.
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| 19. |
- Ou, Chung-Ya, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of intimate partner violence against women in Republic of Benin
- 2021
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 25:4, s. 63-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) of reproductive age in Benin and to assess the factors related to the experience of IPVAW and attitude towards wife beating among women. The study also assessed whether a family history of violence is a risk factor for experiencing IPVAW. The study used the Benin Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 data for analyses. A national representative sample of 4488 ever married women was selected to respond to a domestic violence and abuse questionnaire. Cross-tabulation and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The prevalence of IPVAW experience in Benin was as follows: emotional violence, 35.4%; physical violence, 18.4%; and sexual violence, 8.2%. Older age, rural residence, the practice of Vodoun religion, living in a household headed by a male member, family history of domestic violence, and attitudes towards wife beating were significantly associated with the prevalence of IPVAW. Thirty-two percent of women supported wife beating. Women residing in urban areas, having higher educational qualification, higher socioeconomic status, and no family history of domestic violence were less likely to support wife beating. Policymakers should place emphasis on evidence-based prevention programs, gender equality, women empowerment, and policy priority for curbing IPVAW.
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| 20. |
- Pembe, Andrea B, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative study on maternal referrals in rural Tanzania: Decision making and acceptance of referral advice
- 2008
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 12:2, s. 120-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe perceptions of maternal referrals in a rural district in Tanzania. Focus groupdiscussions (FGDs) with health workers and community members, stratified by age and gender, were conducted.The FGDs revealed that husbands and relatives are the decision makers in maternal referrals, whereas the womenhad limited influence, especially on emergency referrals. The process in deciding to seek referral care is envisagedwithin community perception of seriousness of the condition, difficulty to access and cost involved in transport,living expenses at the hospital, and perceived quality of care at facility level. The hospitals were seen as providingacceptable quality of care, whereas, the health centres had lower quality than expected. To improve maternal referral compliance and reduce perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality,communityviews of existing referral guidelines, poverty reduction, women’s empowerment and male involvement inmaternal care are necessary.
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| 21. |
- Turner, Nicola, et al.
(författare)
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Human fertility and religions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A comprehensive review of publications and data, 2010-2020
- 2023
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Ingår i: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 27:1, s. 119-171
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fertility is declining only slowly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and religion may be one factor involved. Based on the literature, we reviewed fertility rates of followers of different religions in SSA, and whether religion influences fertility. We used the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and reference lists to find papers, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within 21 countries, followers of African Indigenous Religions (AIR) had higher fertility (4-58%) than Christians. Within 25 countries, followers of Islam had higher fertility (2-36%) than Christians, though not in Zimbabwe and Uganda (-2% in each). Followers of AIR and Islam had on average similar fertility levels, as had Protestants and Catholics. Fertility was associated with religion-related themes in focus-groups and interviews. The most frequent themes for “increasing fertility” were related to religion (11 cases) and polygamy (11), whereas the most frequent themes for “limiting fertility” were financial constraints (7) and quality of life (5). These and other results suggest that religious denominations and faith contribute to high fertility in SSA. (Afr J Reprod Health 2023; 27 [1]: 119-171).
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