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- Asplund, Ragnar, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in relation to sickness absence, unemployment and place of residence
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sleep and hypnosis. - 1302-1192. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of sickness absence and unemployment on sleep in a randomly selected group of men and women in five Swedish municipalities with very different demographic conditions, living conditions and health profiles. The survey comprised 1,948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20–64 years. Poor sleep was reported by 17.0% of the men and 18.5% of the women (NS). Poor sleep was 5.5 (3.5–8.6) times more common in sick listed men and 6.8 (4.7–9.9) times more common is such women than in men and women, respectively, who were not sick-listed. The proportion reporting poor sleep increased in parallel with increasing numbers of days on sickness benefit during the last year. In a multiple logistic regression analysis significant independent correlates of poor sleep in men were: being on sickness benefit (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.1–3.8), poor somatic health (3.6; 2.0–6.3) and poor mental health (7.0; 4.0–12.3). The corresponding correlates in women were: being on sickness benefit (2.5; 1.4–4.3), poor somatic health (3.2; 1.8–5.8) and poor mental health (5.5; 3.3–9.2). Age, marital status, employment status and the place of residence were deleted by the logistic model for both sexes. It is concluded that poor sleep increased in men and women on sickness benefit but not those who were unemployed after adjustment for age, health, marital status and place of residence.
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| 2. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Sleep and Hypnosis. - 1302-1192. ; 6:4, s. 148-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of somatic health, mental health, pain and age on sleep in a group of men and women. The survey comprised 1948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20-64 years. Poor somatic health was reported by 12.5% of the men and 15.3% of the women and poor mental health by 8.7% of the men and 10.6% of the women. Among the men very good sleep was reported by 34.7% and rather good, rather poor and very poor sleep by 52.8%, 10.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 32.7%, 51.9%, 12.9% and 2.5%, respectively (NS). No or very light pain was reported by 50.7% of the men and rather light, rather severe or very severe pain by 35.7%, 12.0%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 48.1%, 35.4%, 14.1% and 2.4%, respectively (NS). A forward stepwise regression analysis showed that in men, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer mental health (R2=0.227), pain (R2=0.292) and poorer somatic health (R2=0.304). Correspondingly, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer somatic health (R2 = 0.218), poorer mental health (R2=0.280) and pain (R2=0.326) in women. Age, education, being gainfully employed and income were deleted by the regression model in both sexes. It is concluded that poor mental health exerts the most detrimental influence on sleep in men, somatic health in women, and that age does not independently affect sleep at all.
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| 3. |
- Valli, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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A Test of the Threat Simulation Theory : Replication of Results and Independent Sample
- 2007
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Ingår i: Sleep and Hypnosis: A Journal of Clinical Neuroscience and Psychopathology. - : Yerküre Tanitim ve Yayincilik A.S. - 1302-1192. ; 9:1, s. 30-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Threat Simulation Theory (TST) postulates that dreaming evolved as a mental simulation for the rehearsal of the neurocognitive mechanisms essential for threat recognition and avoidance behaviors. In the present study, we tested the predictions of the TST that dreams are specialized in the frequent simulation of realistic and severe threatening events targeted against the dream self, and that the dream self is likely to take appropriate defensive actions against the threat. The subjects were 50 Swedish university students who kept home-based dream diaries for a period of two or four weeks. The dreams were analyzed with a content analysis method specifically designed for identifying and classifying threatening events in dreams, the Dream Threat Scale. Our results show that in the dreams of ordinary young adults threatening events are frequent, severe, realistic and targeted against the self and significant others. Appropriate defensive actions are frequently undertaken when the situation allows active participation. The present study replicates earlier findings but in an independent sample, collected in a different country and language area, and analyzed by judges different from the original study. Our findings thus offer further support for the predictions of the TST
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