| 1. |
- Al-Mashhadani, Layali, et al.
(författare)
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A cosmological view for the time-variation of the fundamental constants of nature
- 2020
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - : Anka Publishers. - 1303-5150. ; 18:12, s. 18-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time variation of constants of nature is still a question of debate among astronomers, physicists, geologists, and palaeontologists. But are the fundamental physical constants really varying in space or time and how changing these parameters may occur?. Paul Dirac was interested in this question in the large number hypothesis (LNH). He arrived by coincidence at the revolutionary hypothesis that the gravitational constant G should be varied inversely with the cosmic time t. LNH sparked off many ideas and arguments about the possibility of time or space variations of the fundamental constants of nature. In this work, we review details and arguments regarding the time and space variation of dimensional and dimensionless constants based on a detailed comparison for the recorded literature over about one and a half-century.
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| 2. |
- Blum, K., et al.
(författare)
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Neuroquantum Theories of Psychiatric Genetics: Can Physical Forces Induce Epigenetic Influence on Future Genomes?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Neuroquantology. - 1303-5150. ; 13:1, s. 90-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper serves to encourage quantum physicists to engage in psychiatric based research on the brain and its functions (i.e., consciousness, memory, attention). By using physics theorems such as Einstein's theory of relativity and the string theory, both physicists and geneticists alike may be able to elucidate potential links between components of the universe and their effects on the human brain. We have outlined some interesting posits including the cosmos' role in evolutionary biology, alpha bonding in biological molecules, and environmentally induced epigenetic effects on genetics. We also explore how physical forces can influence human memory, behavioral traits, and rates of addiction. Impulsiveness is used to exemplify how environmental changes can contribute to epigenetics and its hereditary alterations. We propose the idea of the presence of a "mental universe," where brain functionality like consciousness is a continuum of physically altered pathways. The realization that the universe and all of its precepts remains a mystery is reflected in the lack of a standardized "unified" physics theorem and mathematical equation that can explain universal dimensions (physical and mental), and as such, so is the complex nature of the functionality of the human brain. We provide herein a suggestion to remedy possible confusion, whereby we attempt to show the relationship of brain as a complex quantum-like organ and the impact of epigenetics on behavioral expression.
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| 3. |
- Conte, Elio, et al.
(författare)
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A Preliminary Experimental Verification On the Possibility of Bell Inequality Violation in Mental States
- 2008
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - 1303-5150. ; 6:3, s. 214-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the first time we perform an experiment to test the possibility of Bell's inequality violation in mental states, during perception-cognition in humans. We study under a theoretical and experimental framework, a Bell-type test for human perception-cognition of ambiguous figures. It is performed a detailed analysis which demonstrates that, although we have not yet been able to violate Bell's inequality in the present performed experiment, there are strong theoretical arguments supporting our expectation to violate it by a simple articulation of the same experiment. In this framework we introduce for the first time what we retain to represent quantum cognitive observables. We consider that our analysis provides a solid ground for further investigations on quantum behaviour of cognitive systems. Therefore we reaffirm that quantum mechanics is a Giano Bifronte theory (two-faced Giano, a mythological God of the past), looking from one hand to physical reality and from the other hand to the sphere of mental reality and cognitive dynamics.
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| 4. |
- Conte, E., et al.
(författare)
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May we verify non-existing dispersion free ensembles by application of quantum mechanics in experiments at perceptive and cognitive level?
- 2013
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - 1303-5150. ; 10:1, s. 14-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Von Neumann in 1932 was the first to outline the possible non-existence of dispersion free ensembles in quantum mechanics, and he used this basic evidence to give a preliminary proof on incompatibility between quantum mechanics and local hidden variables theory. In the present paper, we give a detailed theoretical elaboration on the manner in which such a fundamental subject could be explored at perceptive and cognitive levels in humans. We also discuss a general design of the experiment that we have in progress so to give direct indications to other researchers engaged in such field.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Eisler, Anna Dana, et al.
(författare)
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Experienced speed of time in durations of known and unknown length.
- 2009
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - : NeuroQuantology Journal. - 1303-5150. ; 7:1, s. 66-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experienced speed of time was modeled as a function of subjective duration and a negative exponential function was derived. In 3 experiments on the perception of retrospective and prospective durations, using the method of reproduction, speed of time and pleasantness/unpleasantness of the sound indicating the durations were estimated, both on 7-point scales. Since retrospective time perception was being studied, the 120 subjects were not informed that their task concerned time perception when a standard duration (1 out of 10, ranging between 1.3 and 20 s) was presented. The estimates differed for both variables, depending on whether the target was the standard duration, presented first in the experiments, or its reproduction. The exponential function for speed of time was confirmed for the standard duration as target; with the reproduction as target, time passed faster without systematic variations with duration. Unpleasantness varied only slightly and was about half a scale unit less in estimations of reproductions. These findings are attributed primarily to whether the target duration was unknown (the retrospectively presented standard duration) or known (the reproduction).
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei
(författare)
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Quantum-like Cognition from Multiplicity of Time Scales in the Brain
- 2008
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - 1303-5150. ; 6:4, s. 333-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of quantum models of cognition are based on quantum physical reductionism. Since the brain is composed of quantum systems, one might try to use QM (as a physical theory) to describe such quantum-like features of mind as complementarity (which was well established in psychology long before creation of QM), "interference of minds" and recently even "mental nonlocality" (under the influence of the EPR-Bohr debate and recent results on Bell's inequality). Opposite to the traditional quantum reductionism, we present a quantum-like model of the brain functioning which is not related to the evident fact that the brain is composed of quantum systems. In our model the quantum-like brain is described by the mathematical formalism of QM. However, quantum-like features are generated on the macrolevel - from processing of information on two time scales: precognitive (the quick one) and cognitive (the slow one). Our basic postulate is that the brain operates with averages (encoding mental quantities - images, emotions, minds) of stochastic processes evolving on the precognitive scale and that these averages are computed approximately by using the mathematical formalism of QM.
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| 9. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum Model for Psychological Measurements : From the Projection Postulate to Interference of Mental Observables Represented As Positive Operator Valued Measures
- 2014
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - : NeuroQuantology Journal. - 1303-5150. ; 12:3, s. 324-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently foundational issues of applicability of the formalism of quantum mechanics (QM) to cognitive psychology, decision making, and psychophysics attracted a lot of interest. In particular, in (Khrennikov et al., 2014) the possibility to use of the projection postulate and representation of "mental observables" by Hermitian operators was discussed in very detail. The main conclusion of the recent discussions on the foundations of "quantum(-like) cognitive psychology" is that one has to be careful in determination of conditions of applicability of the projection postulate as a mathematical tool for description of measurements of observables represented by Hermitian operators. To represent some statistical experimental data (both physical and mental) in the quantum(-like) way, one has to use generalized quantum observables given by positive operator-valued measures (POVMs). This paper contains a brief review on POVMs which can be useful for newcomers to the field of quantum(-like) studies. Especially interesting for cognitive psychology is a variant of the formula of total probability (FTP) with the interference term derived for incompatible observables given by POVMs. We present an interpretation of the interference term from the psychological viewpoint. As was shown before, the appearance of such a term (perturbing classical FTP) plays the important role in cognitive psychology, e.g., recognition of ambiguous figures and the disjunction effect. The interference term for observables given by POVMs has much more complicated structure than the corresponding term for observables given by Hermitian operators. We elaborate cognitive interpretations of different components of the POVMs-interference term and apply our analysis to a quantum(-like) model of decision making.
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| 10. |
- Melkikh, Alexey V., et al.
(författare)
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Quantum metalanguage and the new cognitive synthesis
- 2019
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - : AnKa Publisher. - 1303-5150. ; 17:1, s. 72-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problems with mechanisms of thinking and cognition in many ways remain unresolved. Why are a priori inferences possible? Why can a human understand but a computer cannot? It has been shown that when creating new concepts, generalization is contradictory in the sense that to be created concepts must exist a priori, and therefore, they are not new. The process of knowledge acquisition is also contradictory, as it inevitably involves recognition, which can be realized only when there is an a priori standard. Known approaches of the framework of artificial intelligence (in particular, Bayesian) do not determine the origins of knowledge, as these approaches are effective only when “good” hypotheses are made. The formation of “good” hypotheses must occur a priori. To address these issues and paradoxes, a fundamentally new approach to problems of cognition that is based on completely innate behavioral programs is proposed. The process of cognition within the framework of the concept of a quantum metalanguage involves the selection of adequate a priori existing (innate) programs (logical variables and rules for working with them) that are most adequate to a given situation. The quantum properties of this metalanguage are necessary to implement such programs.
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| 11. |
- Pylkkänen, Paavo
(författare)
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Implications of Bohmian Quantum Ontology for Psychopathology
- 2010
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - : AnKa publisher. - 1303-5150. ; 8:1, s. 37-48
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the prospects of quantum psychiatry from a Bohmian point of view, which provides an ontological interpretation of quantum theory, and extends such ontology to include mind. At first, we discuss the more general relevance of quantum theory to psychopathology. The basic idea is that because quantum theory emphasizes the role of wholeness, it might be relevant to psychopathology, where breakdown of unity in the mental domain is a key feature. We then discuss the role of information in psychopathology, and consider the connections with quantum theory in this area. In particular, we discuss David Bohm’s notion of active information, which arises in the ontological interpretation of quantum theory, and is suggested to play a fundamental role as the bridge between mind and matter. Some such bridge is needed if we are to understand how subtle mental properties are able to influence more manifest physical properties in the brain (all the way to the molecular and possibly microtubular level), and how changes in those possibly quantum-level physical processes are able to influence higher cognitive functions. We also consider the implications of the notion of active information for psychopathology. The prospects of implementing the Bohmian scheme in neuroquantal terms are then briefly considered. Finally, we discuss some possible therapeutic implications of Bohm’s approach to information and the relation of mind and matter.
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| 12. |
- Tressoldi, Patrizio E, et al.
(författare)
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Remote State Preparation of Mental Information : A Theoretical Model and a Summary of Experimental Evidence
- 2012
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - 1303-5150. ; 10:3, s. 394-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to define in theoretical terms and summarise the available experimental evidence that physical and mental "objects", if considered "information units", may present similar classical and quantum models of communication beyond their specific characteristics. Starting with the Remote State Preparation protocol, a variant of the Teleportation protocol, for which formal models and experimental evidence are already available in quantum mechanics, we outline a formal model applied to mental information we defined Remote State Preparation of Mental Information (RSPMI), and we summarise the experimental evidence supporting the feasibility of a RSPMI protocol. The available experimental evidence offers strong support to the possibility of real communication at distance of mental information promoting the integration between disciplines that have as their object of knowledge different aspects of reality, both physical and the mental, leading to a significant paradigm shift in cognitive and information science.
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| 13. |
- Werneke, Ursula
(författare)
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Psychiatry and reality : perception of matter or matter of perception?
- 2011
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Ingår i: NeuroQuantology. - 1303-5150. ; 9:1, s. 190-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current concepts of delusion rely on the assumption that one single objective external reality exists as a benchmark for our internal experiences. With the advent of quantum theory this assumption has become untenable. Accepting the Copenhagen interpretation that there is no reality beyond what is revealed by the act of measurement or observation implies that there is no objective reality. One alternative interpretation of quantum theory is the "many worlds" interpretation which finds its philosophical correlate in the "plurality of worlds" theory. However, the idea of all possible worlds being not just possible but real is even more counter-intuitive. Virtual reality is a way to systematically alter the usual relationship between external reality and the user's experience of it. Although virtual reality is not the same as parallel reality and both are separate strands in the "fabric of reality" they are related. With the advance of virtual reality there is already developing an increasing sense that the real and digital worlds seem to converge. But even if we believed in only one single objective external reality we could still never experience this reality directly. Our experience of reality is essentially one of virtual reality as generated by our brain. The "many worlds" interpretation implies that other copies of our brain rendering other experiences exist. Thus, in view of the uncertain nature of reality it is necessary to rethink our accepted concept of psychosis. Currently, meticulous history taking and accurate clinical observation remains our best option trying to understand psychotic symptoms.
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