| 1. |
- Ljunggren, Stefan, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Monthly variation in masses, metals and endotoxin content as well as pro-inflammatory response of airborne particles collected by TEOM monitors
- 2019
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Ingår i: Air quality, atmosphere and health. - : Springer. - 1873-9318 .- 1873-9326. ; 12:12, s. 1441-1448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particle exposure has been linked to an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, particle exposure has been shown to have a chronic inhibitory effect on lung development in young people and may result in increased respiratory problems in adults or children with respiratory-related diseases. In today’s urban environments, particle levels are mainly monitored gravimetrically; however, other factors such as particle size, shape and surface reactivity have recently been noted as highly important in relation to possible health outcomes. Here, particles from TEOM monitor filters placed in three different cities were studied. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether there are variations in particle masses, cadmium and lead contents, as well as endotoxin levels between locations and time points over the year and if this can be correlated to the particles ability to induce a pro-inflammatory response in vitro. Results showed that it is possible to detect variations at different locations and at different time points over the year and that cadmium, lead and endotoxin levels did not coincide with the increased total particle masses while endotoxin levels coincided with pro-inflammatory responses in vitro. The present study shows that filter analysis is a useful complement to gravimetric or particle-counting measurements in studies of particle-related health effects and will give useful information regarding future air quality measurements.
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| 2. |
- Nosratabadi, Ali Reza, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Use of TEOM monitors for continuous long-term sampling of ambient particles for analysis of constituents and biological effects
- 2019
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Ingår i: Air quality, atmosphere and health. - : Springer. - 1873-9318 .- 1873-9326. ; 12:2, s. 161-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many countries have implemented exposure limits for the concentration of ambient particular matter and do therefore have to monitor their concentration. This could be performed with TEOM monitors (Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance-monitors) that contain a filter on which particles are collected. These filters are regularly exchanged for new ones. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of collecting used filters from monitors at different locations and establishing a method to extract particles and then study them with respect to their ability to generate oxidants, their endotoxin content, and ability to activate inflammatory cells. Filters from nine geographically spread locations in Sweden were collected during a 21-month period by local technicians who then sent them to the laboratory where they were extracted and analyzed. The procedure to let local technicians perform the filter exchange and send used TEOM filters to the laboratory worked well. A method was established in which pyrogen-free water was used to extract particles that then were aliquoted and stored for later analysis. Particulate matter (PM 10 ) from different locations showed both a considerable seasonal and spatial-dependent difference with respect to oxidative potential (oxidize glutathione), endotoxin content, and ability to activate blood monocytes to release interleukin-1β. This study shows that, instead of discarding TEOM filters, they can be collected and extracted so that particles that have been sampled in a standardized way could be analyzed with respect to variables that reflect their toxicity. This could be done at a low cost. In combination with information about the ambient particle concentration, such information could be helpful in the evaluation of differences in the risk of breathing air at various locations.
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| 3. |
- Xia, Tian, et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in associations of fine particulate matter with non-accidental deaths : an ecological time-series study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Air quality, atmosphere and health. - : Springer. - 1873-9318 .- 1873-9326. ; 14, s. 863-872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sex differences in the impact of exposure to air pollution have been reported previously and epidemiological studies indicate that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) effects on nonaccidental death are modified by sex; however, the results are not conclusive. To introduce a new method incorporating the monotone nonlinear relationship between PM2.5 and deaths to reveal the sex difference in the relationship, we illustrated the use of the constrained generalized additive model (CGAM) to investigate the sex difference in the effects of PM2.5 on nonaccidental deaths in Shanghai, China. Information on daily non-accidental deaths, air pollution, meteorological data, and smoking prevalence between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014 was obtained in Shanghai. The CGAM was used to assess the association of interaction between sex and daily PM2.5 concentrations with daily nonaccidental deaths, adjusting for weather type and smoking rate. A 2-week lag analysis was conducted as a sensitivity analysis. During the study period, the total number of non-accidental deaths in Shanghai was 336,379, with a daily mean of 163 deaths and 144 deaths for men and women, respectively. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in Shanghai was 55.0 mu g/m(3) during the same time period. Women showed a lower risk for non-accidental death (risk ratio (RR) = 0.892, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.802-0.993). Compared with men, the risk for nonaccidental death in relation to increasing PM2.5 concentration was smaller in women (RR = 0.998, 95% CI: 0.996-1.000, per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in PM2.5 concentration. The difference is consistent during the two lag weeks and more obvious when adjusting for the interaction between PM2.5 concentration and smoking prevalence. The effects of PM2.5 on daily nonaccidental death are different between men and women in Shanghai, China, and women tend to have a lower risk. The underlying mechanisms of the sex difference of PM2.5 effects on death need further investigation. The method displayed in the manuscript can be used for other environmental stressors as well.
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| 4. |
- Hasselbladh, Hans, 1961-
(författare)
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Editorial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 31:1, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Kerstin, 1961-
(författare)
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The electronic spectrum of C60
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 739, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the CASSCF/CASPT2 methodology the electronic transitions HOMO → LUMO, HOMO → LUMO+1, HOMO-1 → LUMO and HOMO-2 → LUMO are determined for C60.Comparison to experiment suggests an accuracy better than 0.3 eV. Some illustrative examples are (with experimental data within parentheses) the first excited state, 3T2g, at 1.54 eV (1.60 eV), the two lowest-lying 1T1u states (for spin- and symmetry-allowed transitions) at 3.09 eV (3.08 eV) and 3.19 eV (3.30 eV) and the lowest singlet excited states (1Gg, 1T1g, 1T2g , 1Hg) at [1.84, 1.95] eV (1.90 eV with mainly 1Gg and 1T1g and minor 1T2g character).
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Acting on distances: A topology of accounting inscriptions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Accounting, Organizations and Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0361-3682 .- 1873-6289. ; 67:May, s. 56-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following on the reiterated claim that accounting inscriptions make action at a distance possible, we draw on post-mathematical topology to explain that this distance work is dependent on inscriptions acting on distances. By adopting a relational understanding of space, we show that accounting inscriptions by themselves create the distances across which they operate. Our case study uses pay-as-youthrow solid waste-collection invoices in a new waste-collection program aimed at increasing the sustainability of waste management. By displaying weight and cost side by side, these invoices conduct topological operations that dissolve, create, and redefine the distance between people and their waste, between the economy and the environment, and between the city and its residents. The ability of these operations to mobilize a sense of environmental responsibility, enroll residents in the city's plans for sustainability, and translate political ambitions into individual behavior demonstrates that the performativity of accounting inscriptions resides in the efficacy of their distance work.v
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| 8. |
- Dabrosin, Charlotta, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Variability of glutathione during the menstrual cycle - Due to estrogen effects on hepatocytes?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Free Radical Biology & Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0891-5849 .- 1873-4596. ; 36:2, s. 145-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative stress and alterations in the antioxidative defense system may be involved in carcinogenesis. We have previously shown that the levels of glutathione (GSH) in vivo in both breast tissue and subcutaneous fat were higher in the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase, suggesting an overall increase in GSH. This result was confirmed in the present study. Moreover, we exposed normal breast tissue in vivo, breast epithelial cells in vitro, and hepatocytes in culture to ovarian hormones. We found that local perfusion with estradiol, using microdialysis, in normal human breast tissue did not alter the local GSH levels in vivo. In vitro, treatment with estradiol and progesterone of normal human breast epithelial cells did not alter GSH levels. However, levels of GSH in hepatocytes were after 8 h estradiol exposure initially decreased, 76.6 ± 5% of control cells, p < .05, whereas 20 h exposure more than doubled GSH, 209 ± 26% compared with control cells, p < .01. Progesterone had no additional effect. Exposure of hepatocytes to estradiol increased the cellular content of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis. In conclusion we suggest that estradiol affects the GSH homeostasis mainly by effects on hepatocytes, whereas local production in the breast is unaffected by estradiol.
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| 9. |
- Danielsson, Kristina, 1961-
(författare)
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Modes and meaning in the classroom – The role of different semiotic resources to convey meaning in science classrooms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Linguistics and Education. - : Elsevier BV. - 0898-5898 .- 1873-1864. ; 35, s. 88-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is framed within social semiotic perspectives on multimodality, and it has a twofold aim. The primary aim is to analyze the ways in which teachers draw on different semiotic resources when introducing a new scientific concept in secondary school science classrooms, and to link the results to modal affordance. A secondary aim is to try out parallel analyses of different modes in multimodal meaning making using the ideational meta-function of the SFL framework. Analyses are based on instructional episodes when chemistry teachers introduced the atom as a scientific phenomenon. The main focus of the analyses is on processes used in different modes and how these depict the atom as either static or dynamic. The framework proved fruitful, and analyses revealed important patterns as to what aspects of the atom were given through what mode(s), something which could partly be linked to modal affordance. The results are discussed in relation to its implications for research and education.
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| 10. |
- Dellgren, Göran, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation: a long-term study
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 47:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated early outcomes in patients with end-stage pulmonary disease bridged with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with the intention to perform lung transplantation (LTx).
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Engwall, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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The Resource Allocation Syndrome : The Prime Challenge of Multi-Project Management?
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Project Management. - : Elsevier. - 0263-7863 .- 1873-4634. ; 6:21, s. 403-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the nature of organizational settings, where a large extent of the operations is organized as simultaneous or successive projects. Anchored in qualitative case studies, the paper analyzes why the resource allocation syndrome is the number one issue for multi-project management and discusses the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon.
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| 13. |
- Eriksson, Clas, 1961-
(författare)
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Phasing out a polluting input in a growth model with directed technological change
- 2018
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Ingår i: Economic Modelling. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0264-9993 .- 1873-6122. ; 68, s. 461-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the potential conflict between economic growth and the environment, and the optimal long-run environmental policy. It formulates a growth model with directed technological change and focuses on the case with low elasticity of substitution between clean and dirty inputs in production. New technology is substituted for the polluting input, which results in a gradual decline in pollution along the optimal long-run growth path. In contrast to some recent work, the era of pollution and environmental policy is here not just a transitory phase in economic development. This result means that the government's continuous efforts to reconcile economic growth and the environment will always be needed. The socially optimal policy includes a perpetual subsidy to ‘green’ research. The tax rate of pollution is monotonously increasing, while the pollution tax payments constitute a constant share of income. These policies result in a quite modest growth drag.
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| 14. |
- Erlandsson, Kerstin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Capacity building of midwifery faculty to implement a 3-years midwifery diploma curriculum in Bangladesh: A process evaluation of a mentorship programme
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 29, s. 212-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When a midwifery diploma-level programme was introduced in 2010 in Bangladesh, only a few nursing faculty staff members had received midwifery diploma-level. The consequences were an inconsistency in interpretation and implementation of the midwifery curriculum in the midwifery programme. To ensure that midwifery faculty staff members were adequately prepared to deliver the national midwifery curriculum, a mentorship programme was developed. The aim of this study was to examine feasibility and adherence to a mentorship programme among 19 midwifery faculty staff members who were lecturing the three years midwifery diploma-level programme at ten institutes/colleges in Bangladesh. The mentorship programme was evaluated using a process evaluation framework: (implementation, context, mechanisms of impact and outcomes). An online and face-to-face blended mentorship programme delivered by Swedish midwifery faculty staff members was found to be feasible, and it motivated the faculty staff members in Bangladesh both to deliver the national midwifery diploma curriculum as well as to carry out supportive supervision for midwifery students in clinical placement. First, the Swedish midwifery faculty staff members visited Bangladesh and provided a two-days on-site visit prior to the initiation of the online part of the mentorship programme. The second on-site visit was five-days long and took place at the end of the programme, that being six to eight months from the first visit. Building on the faculty staff members' response to feasibility and adherence to the mentorship programme, the findings indicate opportunities for future scale-up to all institutes/collages providing midwifery education in Bangladesh. It has been proposed that a blended online and face-to-face mentorship programme may be a means to improving national midwifery programmes in countries where midwifery has only recently been introduced.
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| 15. |
- Erlandsson, Kerstin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an online master’s programme in Somaliland : A phenomenographic study on the experience of professional and personal development among midwifery faculty
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 25, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To record the variation of perceptions of midwifery faculty in terms of the possibilities and challenges related to the completion of their first online master's level programme in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Somaliland. The informants included in this phenomenongraphical focus group study were those well-educated professional women and men who completed the master's program. The informant perceived that this first online master's level programme provided tools for independent use of the Internet and independent searching for evidence-based information, enhanced professional development, was challenge-driven and evoked curiosity, challenged professional development, enhanced personal development and challenged context-bound career paths. Online education makes it possible for well-educated professional women to continue higher education. It furthermore increased the informants' confidence in their use of Internet, software and databases and in the use of evidence in both their teaching and their clinical practice. Programmes such as the one described in this paper could counter the difficulties ensuring best practice by having a critical mass of midwives who will be able to continually gather contemporary midwifery evidence and use it to ensure best practice. An increase of online education is suggested in South-central Somalia and in similar settings globally.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Forsberg, Elenita, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing progression of clinical reasoning through virtual patients : An exploratory study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - Kidlington : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 16:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To avoid test-driven learning, there have been discussions regarding the use of more formative assessments in health care education to promote students' deep learning. Feedback is important in formative assessment, but many students ignore it; therefore, interventions should be introduced which stimulate them to reflect on the new knowledge. The aim for this study was to explore if Virtual Patient (VP)-based formative assessments, in connection with self-evaluations, had an impact on postgraduate pediatric nursing students' development of clinical reasoning abilities. Students' self-evaluations served as the basis for measuring progress. Data was analysed using deductive content analysis. The findings showed a clear progression of the clinical reasoning ability of the students. After the first assessment, the students described feelings of uncertainty and that their knowledge gaps were exposed. At the mid-course assessment the awareness of improved clinical reasoning was obvious and the students were more certain of knowing how to solve the VP cases. In the final assessment, self-efficacy was expressed. VP -based assessments, in connection with self-evaluations, early in the education resulted in a gain of students' own identification of the concept of clinical reasoning, awareness of what to focus on during clinical practice and visualised expected clinical competence.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Hedvall, Klas, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Solutions in business networks : Implications of an interorganizational perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 104, s. 411-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the combination of an interorganizational perspective and a processual view of solutions, this paper analyzes the provisioning of solutions in business networks. Drawing on a case study in a transportation industry setting, the interdependencies between solutions are uncovered. The case illustrates how 1) firms are simultaneously involved in the provisioning of multiple solutions, 2) firms take on multiple roles in the provisioning of solutions in the business network, and 3) solutions are subject to interdependencies via connected relationships and thus form “networks of solutions.” The paper concludes that interdependence among solutions is a significant characteristic, adding to previous research on solutions. Consequently, it is suggested that firms' interaction with various parties in the provisioning of solutions needs considerable managerial and theoretical attention.
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| 20. |
- Herlenius, Gustaf, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Conversion From Calcineurin Inhibitor to Either Mycophenolate Mofetil or Sirolimus Improves Renal Function in Liver Transplant Recipients With Chronic Kidney Disease : Results of a Prospective Randomized Trial
- 2010
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Ingår i: Transplantation Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-1345 .- 1873-2623. ; 42:10, s. 4441-4448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant cause of morbidity and a risk factor for mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The use of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based immunosuppression is an important etiologic factor for developing CKD. CNI discontinuation or minimization protocols with replacement of the CNI with non-nephrotoxic drugs, such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or sirolimus (SRL), may have the potential to preserve or recover renal function. Patients and Methods. In this prospective, randomized, single-center study with CNI discontinuation, OLT recipients with CKD (measured glomerular filtration rate [GFRm] 15-45 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) were randomized to either SRL or MMF-based immunosuppression. The main objective was to study the effect of CNI discontinuation on renal function. Secondary aims were to assess the frequency of biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes (BPAR) and adverse events (AE). Renal function was followed with GFRm using 51-Chromium EDTA clearance at baseline, 3 months, and 1 year. Patients were stratified according to baseline GFRm > versus <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). The 25 patients were enrolled for MMF (n = 13) or SRL (n = 12). The median age at inclusion was 59 years (range, 25-66) and the median number of years after OLT was 4.4 (range, 1-13). Twenty-two patients were followed up for a year; MMF (n = 12) and SRL (n = 10). Results. Mean GFRm for the whole cohort (n = 25) was 31+/-8 mL/min/1.73 m(2) at baseline. After 3 months the GFRm (n = 23) increased to 40+/-10 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P = .0001) and at 1 year 42 +/- 11 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (n = 22). There was not significant difference between the MMF and the SRL study arms. The cohort (n = 8) with baseline GFRm <30 mL showed a 63% (P = .003) increased filtration after 1 year. There was no significant difference in the frequency or severity of AE between the study arms with the exception of oral ulcerations and persistent hypertriglyceridemia in the SRL group. Two deaths occurred, 1 in each study arm, both probably unrelated to the change in immunosuppression. There were no BPAR episodes. Conclusion. CNI discontinuation and replacement with either MMF or SRL resulted in a significant improvement in renal function even in those patients with severe CKD. The protocol was effective with no acute rejection episodes. The SRL arm showed a higher frequency of oral apthous ulcerations and hypertriglyceridemia. Future studies addressing long-term renal function after CNI discontinuation are needed.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Werner Funke Memorial Issue
- 2021
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Ingår i: Progress in organic coatings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9440 .- 1873-331X. ; 155
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Kramers, Anna, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a comprehensive system of methodological considerations for cities' climate targets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 62, s. 1276-1287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate targets for cities abound. However, what these targets really imply is dependent on a number of decisions regarding system boundaries and methods of calculation. In order to understand and compare cities' climate targets, there is a need for a generic and comprehensive framework of key methodological considerations. This paper identifies eight key methodological considerations for the different choices that can be made when setting targets for GHG emissions in a city and arranges them in four categories: temporal scope of target, object for target setting, unit of target, and range of target. To explore how target setting is carried out in practice, the climate targets of eight European cities were analysed. The results showed that these targets cover only a limited part of what could be included. Moreover, the cities showed quite limited awareness of what is, or could be, include in the targets. This makes comparison and benchmarking between cities difficult.
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| 25. |
- Levin, Jörgen, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Tax evasion in Kenya and Tanzania: Evidence from missing imports
- 2014
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Ingår i: Economic Modelling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-9993 .- 1873-6122. ; 39, s. 151-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we estimate the amount of tax evasion in customs authorities in both Kenya and Tanzania by calculating measurement errors in reported trade flows between the two countries and correlate those errors with tax rates. We find that the measurement error is correlated with the tax rates in Tanzania.We also introduced a third country into our analysis, the United Kingdom, and tax evasion seems to be more severe in trade flows between Kenya and Tanzania compared to trade flows between the United Kingdom and Kenya/Tanzania. Finally we also find that the tax evasion coefficient is lower in the Kenya–United Kingdom case compared to the Tanzanian– United Kingdom case which suggests that tax evasion is more severe in the Tanzanian customs authority.
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| 26. |
- Lewerin, Catharina, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Low serum iron is associated with high serum intact FGF23 in elderly men: The Swedish MrOS study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 98, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) is a protein that is produced by osteoblasts and osteocytes. Increased serum levels of FGF23 have been associated with increased risks of osteoporotic fractures and cardiovascular disease, particularly in participants with poor renal function. Serum iron (Fe) has been suggested as a regulator of FGF23 homeostasis. Objective: To determine whether Fe and iron status are determinants of the levels of intact FGF23 (iFGF23) in elderly men. Methods: The MrOS study is a population-based study of elderly men (N = 1010; mean age, 75.3 years; range, 69-81 years). The levels of Fe, transferrin saturation (TS), and ferritin were evaluated in relation to the serum concentrations of iFGF23 before and after adjustments for confounders. Results: TS<15% was found in 3.5% (34/977) of the participants, who had a higher median level iFGF23 compared with the remaining subjects (47.4 mu rnol/L vs. 41.9 mu mol/L, p = 0.008). The levels of iFGF23 correlated negatively (un-adjusted) with the levels of Fe (r = -0.17, p < 0.001), TS (r = -0.16, p < 0.001) and serum ferritin (r = -0.07, p = 0.022). In addition, in participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFRCystatin C > 60 mL/min, the levels of iFGF23 correlated (age-adjusted) negatively with the levels of Fe (r = -0.15, p < 0.001) and TS (r = -0.17, p < 0.001). The level of iFGF23 correlated positively (un-adjusted) with lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) (r = 0.14, p < 0.001), total body BMD (r = 0.11, p = 0.001), and total hip BMD (r = 0.09, p = 0.004). The corresponding correlations, when adjusted for age, weight, and height were: r = 0.08, p = 0.018; r = 0.05, p = 0.120; and r = 0.02, p = 0.624, respectively. No associations were found between BMD and the levels of Fe or TS. Multiple step-wise linear regression analyses [adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity index, cystatin C, C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum vitamin D 25-OH (25OHD), phosphate, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), erythropoietin, hemoglobin, lumbar spine BMD, apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio] were performed in three separate models with Fe, TS or ferritin as potential explanatory variables. Fe and TS, but not ferritin, were independent predictors of iFGF23 level (standardized beta-values: -0.10, p <0.001; 0.10, p <0.001; and -0.05, p = 0.062, respectively). Conclusion: Low levels of Fe in elderly men are associated with high levels of iFGF23, independently of markers of inflammation and renal function, suggesting an iron-related pathway for FGF23 regulation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
- Lindström, Anna, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the C-reactive protein point-of-care test : A conversation analytic study of primary care consultations for respiratory tract infection
- 2022
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The C-reactive protein point-of-care test (CRP-POCT) can help distinguish between viral and bacterial infection and has been promoted as a strategy to improve antimicrobial stewardship. The test is widely used in Sweden. National guidelines advocate conservative use in primary care consultations with patients presenting with symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI). Previous research suggests low adherence to guidelines. We provide new insights into the communication surrounding the CRP-POCT by documenting how the decision to administer the test is interactionally motivated and organized in Swedish primary care. The data consists of video-recordings of RTI-consultations. A CRP-POCT was performed in nearly two thirds of the consultations and our study is focused on a subset where the test is ordered by a medical doctor. We find that doctors order the test during the transition from or after physical examination, a practice that aligns with national guidelines. Guidelines indicate that pathological findings from physical examination are warrants for ordering the test but we only found one example where this was communicated to the patient. A more prevalent pattern was that doctors ordered the CRP-POCT even though the outcome of the physical examination was assessed as normal. Our analyses of these show that doctors can provide the rationale for ordering the test in subtle ways and that failure to provide a rationale is treated as a noticeable absence. We also find that the CRP-POCT can be used to reconcile the contrast between the normal physical examination and the patient's problem presentation. Doctors can also order the test in ways that position the CRP-POCT as criterial for antibiotic prescription. Consultations where the patients described the symptoms as particularly severe and/or persistent were more likely to engender elaborate accounts than consultations where patients presented their symptoms as less problematic.
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| 28. |
- Madison, Guy, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Correlations between intelligence and components of serial timing variability
- 2009
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Ingår i: Intelligence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-2896 .- 1873-7935. ; 37, s. 68-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychometric intelligence correlates with reaction time in elementary cognitive tasks, as well as with performance in time discrimination and judgment tasks. It has remained unclear, however, to what extent these correlations are due to top–down mechanisms, such as attention, and bottom–up mechanisms, i.e. basic neural properties that influence both temporal accuracy and cognitive processes. Here, we assessed correlations between intelligence (Raven SPM Plus) and performance in isochronous serial interval production, a simple, automatic timing task where participants first make movements in synchrony with an isochronous sequence of sounds and then continue with self-paced production to produce a sequence of intervals with the same inter-onset interval (IOI). The target IOI varied across trials. A number of different measures of timing variability were considered, all negatively correlated with intelligence. Across all stimulus IOIs, local interval-to-interval variability correlated more strongly with intelligence than drift, i.e. gradual changes in response IOI. The strongest correlations with intelligence were found for IOIs between 400 and 900 ms, rather than above 1 s, which is typically considered a lower limit for cognitive timing. Furthermore, poor trials, i.e. trials arguably most affected by lapses in attention, did not predict intelligence better than the most accurate trials. We discuss these results in relation to the human timing literature, and argue that they support a bottom–up model of the relation between temporal variability of neural activity and intelligence.
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| 29. |
- Madison, Guy, 1961-
(författare)
-
Detection of linear temporal drift in sound sequences: principles and empirical evaluation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Acta Psychologica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-6918 .- 1873-6297. ; 117:1, s. 95-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The just noticeable difference (JND) for linearly increasing or decreasing successive time intervals (drift) was measured by means of an adaptive psychophysical procedure. Effects of number of intervals (Nint), direction (increasing or decreasing intervals), and inter onset interval (IOI) in a sequence were examined across 3 experiments. JND decreased as a function of Nint in a negatively exponential fashion, and was not affected by direction. JND increased as function of IOI, with discontinuities close to 1 s and 1.4 s IOI. The results are compatible with a principle for detection in which an internal periodic process, based on the mean IOI of a few initial intervals in the stimulus sequence, is compared with the last few intervals. Principles based on comparing successive intervals, the first and last interval, or on comparing the last interval with an internal periodic process with the same IOI as the first interval were not supported.
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| 30. |
- Madison, Guy, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of practice on variability in an isochronous serial interval production task : asymptotical levels of tapping variability after training are similar to those of musicians
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Acta Psychologica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-6918 .- 1873-6297. ; 143:1, s. 119-128
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Timing permeates everyday activities such as walking, dancing and music, yet the effect of short-term practicein this ubiquitous activity is largely unknown. In two training experiments involving sessions spreadacross several days, we examined short-term practice effects on timing variability in a sequential intervalproduction task. In Experiment 1, we varied the mode of response (e.g., drumstick and finger tapping) andthe level of sensory feedback. In Experiment 2 we varied the interval in 18 levels ranging from 500 ms to1624 ms. Both experiments showed a substantial decrease in variability within the first hour of practice,but little thereafter. This effect was similar across mode of response, amount of feedback, and interval duration,and was manifested as a reduction in both local variability (between neighboring intervals) and drift(fluctuation across multiple intervals). The results suggest mainly effects on motor implementation ratherthan on cognitive timing processes, and have methodological implications for timing studies that have notcontrolled for practice.
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| 31. |
- Nilsson, Ulf, 1961-
(författare)
-
Towards a methodology for the design of abstract machines for logic programming languages
- 1993
-
Ingår i: The journal of logic programming. - : Elsevier. - 0743-1066 .- 1873-5789. ; 16:1-2, s. 163-189
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of constituents of a methodology for the systematic design of abstract machines for logic programming languages are described. By means of partial deduction and other program transformation techniques, an interpreter and a source program are “compiled” into a new residual program consisting of: 1) “machine code” for the source program, and 2) an abstract machine for the machine code. Based upon the appearance of these, the user may choose to refine the original interpreter and repeat the process until the resulting “machine code” and the abstract machine satisfy the user's expectations of an abstract machine. We illustrate these principles by reconstructing several of the control instructions of Warren's Abstract Machine. The paper complements previous work of Kursawe, who reconstructed several of the unification instructions using similar techniques.
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| 32. |
- Norman, Jonna, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on symptoms and signs in chronic heart failure: a feasibilty study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 17:1, s. 54-65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Despite treatment recommended by guidelines, many patients with chronic heart failure remain symptomatic. Evidence is accumulating that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have beneficial psychological and physiological effects. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of MBI on symptoms and signs in patients with chronic heart failure in outpatient clinical settings. Methods: A prospective feasibility study. Fifty stable but symptomatic patients with chronic heart failure, despite optimized guideline-recommended treatment, were enrolled at baseline. In total, 40 participants (median age 76 years; New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification II−III) adhered to the study. Most patients (n=17) were randomized into MBI, a structured eight-week mindfulness-based educational and training programme, or controls with usual care (n=16). Primary outcome was self-reported fatigue on the Fatigue severity scale. Secondary outcomes were self-reported sleep quality, unsteadiness/dizziness, NYHA functional classification, walking distance in the six-minute walk test, and heart and respiratory rates. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyse median sum changes from baseline to follow-up (week 10±1). Results: Compared with usual care (zero change), MBI significantly reduced the self-reported impact of fatigue (effect size −8.0; p=0.0165), symptoms of unsteadiness/dizziness (p=0.0390) and breathlessness/tiredness related to physical functioning (NYHA class) (p=0.0087). No adverse effects were found. Conclusions: In stable but symptomatic outpatients with chronic heart failure, MBI alleviated self-reported symptoms in addition to conventional treatment. The sample size is small and further studies are needed, but findings support the role of MBI as a feasible complementary option, both clinically and as home-based treatment, which might contribute to reduction of the symptom burden in patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure.
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| 33. |
- Northoff, Georg, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
"Average is good, extremes are bad" - Non-linear inverted U-shaped relationship between neural mechanisms and functionality of mental features
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0149-7634 .- 1873-7528. ; 104, s. 11-25
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditionally, studies emphasize differences in neural measures between pathological and healthy groups, assuming a binary distinction between the groups, and a linear relationship between neural measures and symptoms. Here, we present four examples that show a continuous relation across the divide of normal and pathological states between neural measures and mental functions. This relation can be characterized by a nonlinear inverted-U shaped curve. Along this curve, mid-range or average expression of a neural measure is associated with optimal function of a mental feature (in healthy states), whereas extreme expression, either high or low, is associated with sub-optimal function, and occurs in different neural disorders. Neural expression between the optimal or intermediate and pathological or extreme values is associated with sub-optimal function and atrisk mental states. Thus, this model of neuro-mental relationship can be summarized as "average is good, extremes are bad". By focussing on neuro-mental relationships, this model can facilitate the transition of psychiatry from a categorical to a dimensional and individualized approach needed in the era of precision medicine.
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| 34. |
- Northoff, Georg, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Is temporo-spatial dynamics the “common currency” of brain and mind? : In Quest of “Spatiotemporal Neuroscience”
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physics of Life Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1571-0645 .- 1873-1457. ; 33, s. 34-54
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroscience has made considerable progress in unraveling the neural correlates of mental phenomena like self, consciousness, and perception. However, the “common currency” shared between neuronal and mental activity, brain and mind, remains yet unclear. In this article, we propose that the dynamics of time and space provides a “common currency” that connects neuronal and mental features. Time and space are here understood in a dynamic context (as in contemporary physics): that is, in terms of the way the brain's spontaneous activity constructs its spatial and temporal relationships, for instance in terms of functional connectivity and different frequencies of fluctuations. Recruiting recent empirical evidence, we show that the different ways in which the spontaneous activity constructs its “inner time and space” are manifested in distinct mental features. Specifically, we demonstrate how spatiotemporal mechanisms like spatiotemporal repertoire, integration, and speed yield mental features like consciousness, self, and time speed perception. The focus on the brain's spatiotemporal mechanisms entails what we describe as “Spatiotemporal Neuroscience”. Spatiotemporal Neuroscience conceives neuronal activity in terms of its temporo-spatial dynamics rather than its various functions (e.g., cognitive, affective, social, etc.) as in other branches of neuroscience (as distinguished from Cognitive, Affective, Cultural, Social, etc. Neuroscience). That allows Spatiotemporal Neuroscience to take into view the so-called ‘spatio-temporality’ of mental features including their non-causal, intrinsic and transformative relationship with neuronal features. In conclusion, Spatiotemporal Neuroscience opens the door to investigate and ultimately reveal the brain's own temporo-spatial dynamics as the hitherto missing “common currency” of neuronal and mental features.
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| 35. |
- Northoff, Georg, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Neural signs and mechanisms of consciousness : Is there a potential convergence of theories of consciousness in sight?
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0149-7634 .- 1873-7528. ; 118, s. 568-587
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various theories for the neural basis of consciousness have been proposed, suggesting a diversity of neural signs and mechanisms. We ask to what extent this diversity is real, or whether many theories share the same basic ideas with a potential for convergence towards a more unified theory of the neural basis of consciousness. For that purpose, we review and compare the various neural signs, measures, and mechanisms proposed in the different theories. We demonstrate that different theories focus on neural signs and measures of distinct aspects of neural activity including stimulus-related, prestimulus, and resting state activity as well as on distinct features of consciousness. Therefore, the various mechanisms proposed in the different theories may, in part, complement each other. Together, we provide insight into the shared basis and convergences (and, in part, discrepancies) of the different theories of consciousness. We conclude that the different theories concern distinct aspects of both neural activity and consciousness which, as we suppose, may be integrated and nested within the brain's overall temporo-spatial dynamics.
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| 36. |
- Northoff, Georg, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Spatiotemporal neuroscience – what is it and why we need it
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physics of Life Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1571-0645 .- 1873-1457. ; :33, s. 78-87
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The excellent commentaries to our target paper hint upon three main issues, (i) spatiotemporal neuroscience; (ii) neuro-mental relationship; and (iii) mind, brain, and world relationship. (i) We therefore discuss briefly the history of Spatiotemporal Neuroscience. Distinguishing it from Cognitive Neuroscience and related branches (like Affective, Social, etc. Neuroscience), Spatiotemporal Neuroscience can be characterized by focus on brain activity (rather than brain function), spatiotemporal relationship (rather than input-cognition-output relationship), and structure (rather than stimuli/contents). (ii) Taken in this sense, Spatiotemporal Neuro-science allows one to conceive the neuro-mental relationship in dynamic spatiotemporal terms that complement and extend (rather than contradict) their cognitive characterization. (iii) Finally, more philosophical issues like the need to dissolve the mind-body problem (and replace it by the world-brain relation) and the question for different levels of time including their nestedness are discussed.
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| 37. |
- Nyholm, Leif, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Revisiting the stability of aluminum current collectors in carbonate electrolytes for High-Voltage Li-ion batteries
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - : Elsevier. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 282
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anodic dissolution (often referred to as corrosion) of the aluminum positive electrode current collector above 3 V vs. Li+/Li can become performance-limiting in high-voltage Li-ion batteries. Herein, the results of a systematic reevaluation of this phenomenon at potentials up to 5.0 V vs. Li+/Li, using different carbonate electrolytes containing LiPF6, LiFSI or LiTFSI, are presented. The anodic dissolution is most likely caused by etching of the Al2O3 passive layer by protons released during the oxidation of the solvent. This sparks off a second oxidation step, involving the oxidation of the aluminum. While a passive AlF3 layer is formed in 1.0 M LiPF6, extensive anodic dissolution of aluminum is seen in 1.0 M LiFSI or LiTFSI at potentials where the solvent undergoes oxidation. In 5.0 M LiFSI, a passive layer of AlF3 is, however, formed most likely due to the presence of fluoride as an impurity in the LiFSI. No significant improvement was seen when using carbon-coated aluminum electrodes.
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| 38. |
- Paskova, Tanja, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of mass-transport grown GaN by hydride vapour-phase epitaxy
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0248 .- 1873-5002. ; 273:1-2, s. 118-128
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive study of the morphological, optical and microstructural properties of mass-transport (MT) and conventionally grown GaN by hydride vapour-phase epitaxy is presented. Spatially resolved techniques have been utilized to reveal in a comparative way, the characteristics of the material grown either in predominant vertical or lateral growth modes. A strong donor-acceptor pair (DAP) emission is observed from the MT regions with a distinctive intensity contrast between the exciton and DAP emission bands from MT and nontransport regions. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and imaging were employed to investigate the impurity incorporation into different regions. An increase of residual oxygen and aluminium impurity concentrations was found in the MT areas. In addition, positron annihilation spectroscopy showed a strong signal of Ga vacancy clusters in the MT grown material. The increase of the point defect concentrations of both Ga vacancy and oxygen impurity, most likely forming defect complexes, is related to the enhancement of the DAP emission.
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| 39. |
- Pedersen, Tore, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Critical Incidents on Car Users' Predicted Satisfaction with Public Transport
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Part F. - : Elsevier. - 1369-8478 .- 1873-5517. ; 14:2, s. 138-146
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examines the hypothesis that car users’ affective forecasts of satisfaction with public transport are biased by a focusing illusion. In Study 1, 54 car users with a stated intent to change travel mode read descriptions of a positive, a negative or a neutral critical incident. They were asked to predict their satisfaction with public transport if the incident occurred. In Study 2, 38 car users with no stated intent to change travel mode read descriptions of a positive or a negative critical incident. They were asked to predict their satisfaction with the service if the incident occurred. The results from Studies 1 and 2 showed that focus on a negative critical incident significantly generated lower predicted satisfaction. Thus, the study show that predicted satisfaction is altered when car users focus on negative critical incidents.
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| 40. |
- Pedersen, Tore, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of predicted, on-line experienced and remembered satisfaction in current choice to use public transport services
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-6989 .- 1873-1384. ; 18:5, s. 471-475
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A longitudinal field study investigated the role of predicted, on-line experienced and remembered satisfaction in the current use of public transport. Sixty-two car users voluntarily travelled by public transport for a period of one month and ratings of predicted, on-line experienced and remembered satisfaction were collected. The results showed that remembered satisfaction with public transport was significantly lower than on-line experienced satisfaction. Furthermore, overall remembered satisfaction accounted for current public transport use, whereas on-line experienced satisfaction did not. Results suggest that recollection of satisfaction with public transport is negatively biased. This bias affects current choice to travel by public transport.
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| 41. |
- Persson, Joakim, 1961-
(författare)
-
Convergence across the Swedish counties, 1911–1993
- 1997
-
Ingår i: European Economic Review. - : Elsevier. - 0014-2921 .- 1873-572X. ; 41:9, s. 1835-1852
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper finds strong and robust evidence of convergence in per capita income across the twenty-four Swedish counties, 1911–1993. In contrast to most previous studies on regional convergence this study adjusts incomes to account for regional differences in the cost of living. The main conclusion is that using adjusted incomes as opposed to non-adjusted incomes does not qualitatively change the results on convergence for the Swedish counties. However, a quantitative difference is that estimated speeds of convergence are higher and the standard deviation of the log of per capita income is lower when adjusted incomes are used, which is consistent with cross-country evidence.
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| 42. |
- Persson, Lennart, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of oxidant-induced cell death by lysosomotropic iron chelators
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Free Radical Biology & Medicine. - 0891-5849 .- 1873-4596. ; 34:10, s. 1295-1305
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intralysosomal iron powerfully synergizes oxidant-induced cellular damage. The iron chelator, desferrioxamine (DFO), protects cultured cells against oxidant challenge but pharmacologically effective concentrations of this drug cannot readily be achieved in vivo. DFO localizes almost exclusively within the lysosomes following endocytic uptake, suggesting that truly lysosomotropic chelators might be even more effective. We hypothesized that an amine derivative of α-lipoamide (LM), 5-[1,2] dithiolan-3-yl-pentanoic acid (2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-amide (α-lipoic acid-plus [LAP]; pKa = 8.0), would concentrate via proton trapping within lysosomes, and that the vicinal thiols of the reduced form of this agent would interact with intralysosomal iron, preventing oxidant-mediated cell damage. Using a thiol-reactive fluorochrome, we find that reduced LAP does accumulate within the lysosomes of cultured J774 cells. Furthermore, LAP is approximately 1,000 and 5,000 times more effective than LM and DFO, respectively, in protecting lysosomes against oxidant-induced rupture and in preventing ensuing apoptotic cell death. Suppression of lysosomal accumulation of LAP (by ammonium-mediated lysosomal alkalinization) blocks these protective effects. Electron paramagnetic resonance reveals that the intracellular generation of hydroxyl radical following addition of hydrogen peroxide to J774 cells is totally eliminated by pretreatment with either DFO (1 mM) or LAP (0.2 μM) whereas LM (200 μM) is much less effective.
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| 43. |
- Persson, Urban, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Current and future prospects for heat recovery from waste in European district heating systems : a literature and data review
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Energy. - London : Elsevier. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 110, s. 116-128
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal solid waste has seen increasing annual volumes for many decades in contemporary Europe and constitutes, if not properly managed, an environmental problem due to local pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. From an energy perspective, waste is also an alternative fuel for power and heat generation; energy recovery from waste represents an effective measure to reduce landfilling and avoid disposal emissions while simultaneously reducing the equivalent demand for primary energy supply. A key factor for obtaining the full synergetic benefits of this energy recovery is the presence of local heat distribution infrastructures, without which no large-scale recovery and utilisation of excess heat is possible. In this paper, which aims to estimate municipal solid waste volumes available for heat recovery in European district heating systems in 2030, a literature and data review is performed to establish and assess current and future EU (European Union) waste generation and management. Main conclusions are that more heat can be recovered from current Waste-to-Energy facilities operating at low average heat recovery efficiencies, that efficient incineration capacity is geographically concentrated, and that waste available for heat recovery in 2030 is equally determined by total generation volumes by this year as by future EU deployment levels of district heating. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 44. |
- Persson, Urban, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Heat Roadmap Europe : Identifying strategic heat synergy regions
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Energy Policy. - London : Elsevier. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 74, s. 663-681
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents a methodology to assess annual excess heat volumes from fuel combustion activities in energy and industry sector facilities based on carbon dioxide emission data. The aim is to determine regional balances of excess heat relative heat demands for all third level administrative regions in the European Union (EU) and to identify strategic regions suitable for large-scale implementation of district heating. The approach is motivated since the efficiency of current supply structures to meet building heat demands, mainly characterised by direct use of primary energy sources, is low and improvable. District heating is conceived as an urban supply side energy efficiency measure employable to enhance energy system efficiency by increased excess heat recoveries; hereby reducing primary energy demands by fuel substitution. However, the importance of heat has long been underestimated in EU decarbonisation strategies and local heat synergies have often been overlooked in energy models used for such scenarios. Study results indicate that 46% of all excess heat in EU27, corresponding to 31% of total building heat demands, is located within identified strategic regions. Still, a realisation of these rich opportunities will require higher recognition of the heat sector in future EU energy policy. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 45. |
- Roos, Anna, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
The otter (Lutra lutra) in Sweden - population trends in relation to ΣDDT and total PCB concentrations during 1968-99
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 111, s. 457-469
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) has been suggested as the major cause of the European otter (Lutra lutra) population decline. This study investigates temporal and geographical changes in otter numbers as well as total PCB and ΣDDT concentrations in otters and their food in diferent parts of Sweden with various pollution impacts during three decades. In Sweden, rare species belong to the State and carcasses of such specimens are sent to the authorities. Two-hundred and eight specimens have been used to investigate temporal and spatial variation in the otter populations during 1968 and 1999. One-hundred and twentyfive of them have been chemically analysed. The population trends in northern Sweden coincide with the temporal trends of the contaminants. When concentrations of PCBs decrease in the environment, otter population increases. Neither aldrin/dieldrin nor mercury pollution seem to explain why the Swedish otter populations decreased dramatically during the 1960s-1980s. In southern Sweden total PCB concentrations are still high and the indications of improvement of the population are weak.
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| 46. |
- Roos, Johan, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Five Claims on Knowing
- 1996
-
Ingår i: European Management Journal. - 0263-2373 .- 1873-5681. ; 14:4, s. 423-426
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
|
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| 48. |
- Simpson, David, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison of two different approaches for mapping potential ozone damage to vegetation. A model study
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 146:3, s. 715-725
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two very different types of approaches are currently in use today for indicating risk of ozone damage to vegetation in Europe. One approach is the so-called AOTX (accumulated exposure over threshold of X ppb) index, which is based upon ozone concentrations only. The second type of approach entails an estimate of the amount of ozone entering via the stomates of vegetation, the AFstY approach (accumulated stomatal flux over threshold of Y nmol m(-2) s(-1)). The EMEP chemical transport model is used to map these different indicators of ozone damage across Europe, for two illustrative vegetation types, wheat and beech forests. The results show that exceedences of critical levels for either type of indicator are widespread, but that the indicators give very different spatial patterns across Europe. Model simulations for year 2020 scenarios suggest reductions in risks of vegetation damage whichever indicator is used, but suggest that AOT40 is much more sensitive to emission control than AFstY values. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 49. |
- Svensson, Göran, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Balancing the sequential logic of quality constructs in manufacturing-supplier relationships — Causes and outcomes
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - New York : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 63:11, s. 1209-1214
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturers in business markets are experiencing a strong trend towards close versus distant relationships with suppliers. Three key relationship constructs in academic research are trust, commitment, and satisfaction. Although the relevant literature holds some evidence that trust and commitment are antecedent to satisfaction, the possibility that satisfaction plays a key mediation role between trust/commitment and other important outcomes (i.e., coordination, cooperation, and continuity) receives scant examination. This study tests this conceptual model by examining the relationships between manufacturers and suppliers. A random sample of small-to-medium-sized Norwegian manufacturers was contacted by phone in order to identify potential key informants. Shortly thereafter, a total of 581 surveys were mailed to the key informants. Two hundred and twelve surveys were returned, representing a response rate of 36.5%. Results support the conceptual model presented; trust and commitment relate positively to satisfaction; and satisfaction, in turn, relates positively to all three outcomes of coordination, cooperation, and continuity.
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| 50. |
- Svensson, Göran, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
'Scientific identity' of scholarly journals in hospitality and tourism research : Review and evaluation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Hospitality Management. - Oxford : Pergamon Press. - 0278-4319 .- 1873-4693. ; 28:4, s. 631-634
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to describe the 'scientific identity' of scholarly journals in hospitality and tourism research by reviewing and evaluating the approaches and the geographical affiliations of authors published in selected journals. The compiled results are analysed for patterns that appear to reveal the 'scientific identity' of each of the selected journals. In particular, scholars can note the particular features of individual journals while acknowledging the width and variety of research designs that are published in these scholarly journals. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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