| 1. |
- Annas, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Basal and induced EROD activity in the chorioallantoic membrane during chicken embryo development
- 1999
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 8:1, s. 49-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a highly vascularized tissue that takes part in the respiratory exchange of gases through the eggshell. Although the CAM may be exposed to environmental contaminants, its response to pollutants has not been studied. We examined the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)-catalyzed deethylation of 7-ethoxyresorufin (EROD) in the CAM during chicken embryo development. EROD was constitutively present and was inducible by the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonist 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126). Our results suggest the CAM as a first line of defence of the avian embryo against toxic compounds, but also as a target for CYP1A-activated chemicals.
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| 2. |
- Barling, D., et al.
(författare)
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The social aspects of food biotechnology : A European view
- 1999
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 7:2, s. 85-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The application of the modern biotechnology to food, notably through the use of GM, has raised concern amongst the European public. Values that underlie this public concern about food biotechnology, include perceptions of: trust, choice, need, and care for a sustainable society and natural balance. Recommendations are advocated for addressing these social aspects, in terms of improving consumer choice, promoting greater public involvement in decision making and achieving a sustainable society. A model of risk analysis for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and genetically modified food that incorporates this social dimension, through the integration of risk analysis with a social impact analysis is proposed, in order to build greater popular trust into the decision making processes. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Buratovic, Sonja, et al.
(författare)
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Developmental exposure to the polybrominated diphenyl ether PBDE 209 : Neurobehavioural and neuroprotein analysis in adult male and female mice
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 38:2, s. 570-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as flame retardants in polymer products, are reported to cause developmental neurotoxic effects in mammals. The present study have investigated neurotoxic effects arising from neonatal exposure to PBDE 209, including alterations in sex differences, spontaneous behaviour, learning and memory, neuroproteins and altered susceptibility of the cholinergic system in adults. Three-day-old NMRI mice, of both sexes, were exposed to PBDE 209 (2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-decaBDE at 0, 1.4, 6.0 and 14.0 mu mol/kg b.w.). At adult age (2-7 months) a similar developmental neurotoxic effects in both male and female mice were seen, including lack of or reduced habituation to a novel home environment, learning and memory defects, modified response to the cholinergic agent's paraoxon (males) and nicotine (females) indicating increased susceptibility of the cholinergic system. The behavioural defects were dose-response related and persistent. In mice of both sexes and showing behavioural defects, neuroprotein tau was increased. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Burkina, Viktoriia, et al.
(författare)
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CYP1A1 activity in rainbow trout is inhibited by the environmental pollutant p-cresol
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 62, s. 199-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Naturally- and anthropogenically-produced cresols could pose serious risks to fish health. In this study, three piscine CYP isoforms were investigated for their abilities to interact with p-cresol. Therefore, the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin O-debenzylase (BFCOD), and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH) were evaluated in the hepatic microsomes of juvenile rainbow trout. Results showed that EROD activity was inhibited in a competitive manner, BFCOD activity was inhibited in presence the highest tested p-cresol concentration and PNPH activity was not affected. These results indicate that p-cresol might affect the ability of fish to metabolize numerous aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxin compounds, which are present in the aquatic environment.
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| 6. |
- Burkina, Viktoriia, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of pharmaceuticals present in aquatic environment on Phase I metabolism in fish
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 40, s. 430–444-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fate of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments is an issue of concern. Current evidence indicates that the risks to fish greatly depend on the nature and concentrations of the pharmaceuticals and might be species-specific. Assessment of risks associated with the presence of pharmaceuticals in water is hindered by an incomplete understanding of the metabolism of these pharmaceuticals in aquatic species. In mammals and fish, pharmaceuticals are primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450). Thus, CYP450 activity is a crucial factor determining the detoxification abilities of organisms. Massive numbers of toxicological studies have investigated the interactions of human pharmaceuticals with detoxification systems in various fish species. In this paper, we review the effects of pharmaceuticals found in aquatic environments on fish hepatic CYP450. Moreover, we discuss the roles of nuclear receptors in cellular regulation and the effects of various groups of chemicals on fish, presented in the recent literature.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of embryo toxicity using two classes of aquatic vertebrates
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 37, s. 24-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Toxicity tests of musk ketone (MK) and tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) on embryos were conducted in two amphibian species, Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis and the Swedish native species Rana arualis. TBBPA was also tested on fish embryos of Danio rerio. All species were tested in similar experimental setup. Musk ketone caused decreased heart rates at concentrations from 10 and 100 mu g/L in R. arualis and X. tropicalis, respectively. TBBPA caused effects at 1000 mu g/L in all three species. The responses were comparable between all three species which supports the relevance for using data from non-native species in national risk assessment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Swimming activity in zebrafish larvae exposed to veterinary antiparasitic pharmaceuticals
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 63, s. 74-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Veterinary antiparasitic pharmaceuticals have been detected in surface waters and several of these pharmaceuticals act on the nervous system on the target organisms implying that neurological effects also might be of concern in non-target animals such as fish. We tested if exposure to antiparasitic pharmaceuticals affect swimming activity in 6 days old zebrafish larvae. The results revealed that most pharmaceuticals did not cause any effects in swimming activity. However, larvae exposed to 0.58 mg/L doramectin displayed reduced swimming activity even though they were classified as normal, having no morphological abnormalities.
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| 9. |
- Claeson, Anna-Sara, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Human exposure to acrolein : Time-dependence and individual variation in eye irritation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 45, s. 20-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to examine the time dependence on sensory irritation detection following exposure to threshold levels of acrolein, in humans. The exposures occurred in an exposure chamber and the subjects were breathing fresh air through a mask that covered the nose and mouth. All participants participated in four exposure conditions, of which three consisted of a mixture of acrolein and heptane and one of only heptane. Exposure to acrolein at a concentration half of the TLV-C lead to sensory irritation. The perceived sensory irritation resulted in both increased detectability and sensory irritation after about6.8 min of exposure in 58% of the participants. The study confirm the previously suggested LOAEL of about 0.34 mg/m3 for eye irritation due to acrolein exposure. The sensory irritation was still significant 10 min after exposure. These results have implications for risk assessment and limit setting in occupational hygiene.
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| 10. |
- Ekelund Ugge, Gustaf Magnus Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of transcriptional biomarkers using a high-resolution regression approach : Concentration-dependence of selected transcripts in copper-exposed freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We tested concentration-dependence of selected gene transcripts (cat, gst, hsp70, hsp90, mt and sod) for evaluation as biomarkers of chemical stress. Contrary to the common approach of factorial designs and few exposure concentrations, we used regression across a high-resolution concentration series. Specifically, freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) were acutely (96 h) exposed to Cu (13 nominal concentrations, measuring 0.13–1 600 µg/L), and transcripts were measured by RT-qPCR. In digestive glands, cat, hsp90 and mt decreased with water Cu (p < 0.05), but response magnitudes saturated at < 2-fold decreases. In gills, gst, hsp70, hsp90 and mt increased with water Cu (p < 0.05). While hsp70, hsp90 and mt exceeded 2-fold increases within the exposure range, high Cu concentrations were required (38–160 µg/L). Although gill responses were generally more robust compared to digestive glands, overall small response magnitudes and moderate sensitivity may set limit for potential application as general biomarkers of chemical stress.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Galus, Michal, et al.
(författare)
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Prostaglandins prevent acetaminophen induced embryo toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : ELSEVIER. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research in our laboratory showed that acetaminophen (ACE) induced embryonic mortality and abnormalities in zebrafish. Here, we examined the dose response of ACE (0.05-50 mu g L-1 ) in zebrafish embryos. Concentrations as low as 0.1 mu g L-1 significantly increased abnormalities, and all test concentrations significantly increased mortality rates. In mammals, ACE inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes to decrease prostaglandin production. Here we report COX activity and expression of the cox-1, cox-2a, and cox-2b genes in zebrafish embryos. COX activity was significantly inhibited by specific mammalian cox-1 (SC-560) and cox-2 (DuP-697) inhibitors in unexposed and ACE-exposed embryos. COX activity declined with development time. Maternal transcripts of all cox genes were found at 1 -h post fertilization and embryonic expression began in gastrulation or early segmentation. Co-exposure of ACE and prostaglandin E2 abolished the ACE-induced effects. This strongly supports that ACE elicits embryo toxicity in zebrafish though the same molecular mechanism of action of their therapeutic effects in mammals.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Hallgren, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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More signs of neurotoxicity of surfactants and flame retardants - Neonatal PFOS and PBDE 99 cause transcriptional alterations in cholinergic genes in the mouse CNS
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 40:2, s. 409-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maternally and lactionally transferred persistent organic pollutants may interfere with CNS development. Here, 10-day-old male mice were exposed to single oral doses of PFOS (perflourooctanosulphonate) or PBDE 99 (2,2',4,4',5-penta-bromodiphenyl ether), and examined for changes in cholinergic gene transcription in the CNS 24 h and 7 weeks later. 24 h after exposure qPCR analyses revealed decreased transcription of nAChR-beta 2 and AChE in cortex, and increased mAChR-5 in hippocampus of PFOS treated mice. Neonatal PFOS treatment altered spontaneous behaviour at 2 months of age but did not affect gene transcription in adults. At 2 months of age neonatally PBDE 99 treated mice had altered spontaneous behaviour, and cortical transcription of AChE, nAChR-alpha 4, nAChR-beta 2 and mAChR-5 were elevated. Our results indicate that PFOS and PBDE 99 affects the developing central cholinergic system by altering gene transcription in cortex and hippocampus, which may in part account for mechanisms causing changes in spontaneous behaviour.
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| 15. |
- Hallgren, Stefan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Postnatal exposure to PFOS, but not PBDE 99, disturb dopaminergic gene transcription in the mouse CNS
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 41, s. 121-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CNS of breast feeding infants and toddlers may be exposed to persistent organic pollutants via lactational transfer. Here, 10 days old mice were exposed to single oral doses of either PFOS, PBDE99 or vehicle control and were examined for changes in dopaminergic gene transcription in CNS tissue collected at 24 h or 2 months post exposure.qPCR analyses of brain tissue from mice euthanized 24 h post exposure revealed that PFOS affected transcription of Dopamine receptor-D5 (DRD5) in cerebral cortex and Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the hippocampus. At 2 months of age, mice neonatally exposed to PFOS displayed decreased transcription of Dopamine receptor-D2 (DRD2) and TH in hippocampus. No significant changes in any of the tested genes were observed in PBDE99 exposed mice. This indicates that PFOS, but not PBDE99, affects the developing cerebral dopaminergic system at gene transcriptional level in cortex and hippocampus, which may account for some of the mechanistic effects behind the aetiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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| 16. |
- Hanson, N., et al.
(författare)
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Ecological changes as a plausible explanation for differences in uptake of contaminants between European perch and eelpout in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 80
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unexpected increasing trends in the concentration of contaminants in European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and in activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in European perch and eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) have been observed at a Swedish coastal reference site. This study uses data from different sources to investigate plausible explanations. The results showed that a change in diet and an improved overall condition coincide with an increase in mercury in European perch. Furthermore, an increase in several organic contaminants in European perch coincided with the introduction of an invasive deep-burrowing polychaete, which likely contributed to the release of contaminants through bioturbation. The increase in EROD-activity in both species seems to be related to contaminants that reach the fish through the water rather than the diet. The results show that for contaminants that are taken up via the diet, trends in contamination can be opposite for different species of fish in the same area. © 2020
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| 17. |
- Koskinen, Lars-Owe D., et al.
(författare)
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Cerebral microvascular effects of nimodipine in combination with soman
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 34:3, s. 905-910
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nimodipine, a calcium antagonist, has been shown to increase the detoxification of soman. In this study the cerebral microcirculatory effects of nimodipine and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor soman was studied. Anaesthetised rats were administered nimodipine, 10 mg kg(-1) or vehicle intra-peritoneally, and 1 h later exposed to 45 mu g kg(-1) soman intravenously. The regional blood flows were measured using the microsphere method. Nimodipine and soman markedly increased the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and reduced the vascular resistance. Total CBF increased by 146% after nimodipine and by 105% after soman administration. Combined administration of nimodipine and soman caused additional but not fully additive effects on CBF and vascular resistance, indicating possible different mechanisms of the two agents. A part of the nimodipine induced increased detoxification after AChE-inhibition may be associated with this cerebral vasodilation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 18. |
- Liljedahl, Emelie Rietz, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-related proteins in blood after dermal exposure to some common chemicals depend on the skin barrier gene filaggrin - a human experimental study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Filaggrin (FLG), a skin barrier protein, is associated with higher dermal uptake of some chemicals in carriers of loss-of-function (null) mutations. This study investigates FLG mutations and systemic effects following dermal exposure to chemicals. Individuals (n = 23 FLG null, n = 31 FLG wt) were simultaneously exposed to pyrimethanil, pyrene, oxybenzone, and nickel ions for 4 h. Pre- and post-exposure, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3, LC-MS/MS) and 92 inflammation-related proteins (proximity-extension assay) were measured. FLG null carriers exhibited significantly higher 25(OH)D3 concentrations than wt carriers, both pre- and post-exposure. Eleven proteins differed in abundance post- vs pre-exposure among FLG null carriers, and 22 proteins among wt carriers (three proteins overlapped). Twelve proteins showed median differences (post- vs pre-exposure) between FLG null and wt carriers. Overall, FLG null carriers showed an increase, while FLG wt carriers showed a decrease in inflammation-related proteins. These findings suggest FLG-dependent differences in susceptibility to systemic effects following simultaneous dermal chemical exposure.
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| 19. |
- Pawlas, Natalia, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic modification of ALAD and VDR on lead-induced impairment of hearing in children.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7077 .- 1382-6689. ; 39:3, s. 1091-1098
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymorphisms in the δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes may modify lead metabolism and neurotoxicity. Two cohorts of children were examined for hearing [pure-tone audiometry (PTA), brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP)], acoustic otoemission (transient emission evoked by a click) and blood-lead concentrations (B-Pb). The children were genotyped for polymorphisms in ALAD and VDR. The median B-Pbs were 55 and 36μg/L in the two cohorts (merged cohort 45μg/L). B-Pb was significantly associated with impaired hearing when tested with PTA (correlation coefficient rS=0.12; P<0.01), BAEP (rS=0.18; P<0.001) and otoemission (rS=-0.24; P<0.001). VDR significantly modified the lead-induced effects on PTA. Carriers of the VDR alleles BsmI B, VDR TaqI t and VDR FokI F showed greater toxic effects on PTA, compared to BsmI bb, VDR TaqI TT and VDR FokI ff carriers. No significant interaction was found for ALAD. Lead impairs hearing functions in the route from the cochlea to the brain stem at low-level exposure, and polymorphisms in VDR significantly modify these effects.
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| 20. |
- Puente Marin, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Secondary exposure to heavy metal in genetically susceptible mice leads to acceleration of autoimmune response
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : ELSEVIER. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to mercury (Hg) and silver (Ag) has been shown to induce autoimmune diseases in genetically sus-ceptible rodents. Here, A.SW mice were initially exposed to HgCl2, AgNO3 or tap water (control) for 3 weeks. After 13 weeks of stoppage, all mice had secondary exposure to 203HgCl2. After secondary exposure, higher and earlier ANoA titers were observed in mice initially exposed to Hg or Ag compared to control. Further, mice initially exposed to Ag showed higher total IgG1 and IgG2a, Whole Body Retention and lymph nodes and spleen accumulation of Hg compared to mice initially exposed to Hg and controls. These findings showed an earlier and stronger immunological response in A.SW mice compared with control, following re-exposure to heavy metals indicating an immunological memory. Additionally, secondary exposure to a different heavy metal may aggra-vate the effects of exposure of at least one of the metals indicating cross-reactivity.
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| 21. |
- Soukup, Ondrej, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of oxime reactivators on muscarinic receptors: Functional and binding examinations.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7077 .- 1382-6689. ; 31:3, s. 364-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The antidotal treatment of organophosphorus poisoning is still a problematic issue since no versatile antidote has been developed yet. In our study, we focused on an interesting property, which does not relate to the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of some oximes, but refers to their anti-muscarinic effects which may contribute considerably to their treatment efficacy. One standard reactivator (HI-6) and two new compounds (K027 and K203) have been investigated for their antimuscarinic properties. Anti-muscarinic effects were studies by means of an in vitro stimulated atrium preparation (functional test), the [(3)H]-QNB binding assay and G-protein coupled receptor assay (GPCR, beta-Arrestin Assay). Based on the functional data HI-6 demonstrates the highest anti-muscarinic effect. However, only when comparing [(3)H]-QNB binding results and GPCR data, K203 shows a very promising compound with regard to anti-muscarinic potency. The therapeutic impact of these findings has been discussed.
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| 22. |
- Suljevic, Damir, et al.
(författare)
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Impairments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells followed by the sever erythrocyte damage and necrotic liver as the outcome of chronic in vivo exposure to cadmium : novel insights from quails
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cadmium is a heavy metal classified as an environmental hazard, and its toxicity is subject to extensive research. Japanese quails were exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) ad libitum for 20 days. Bone marrow, peripheral blood and liver were analyzed following the exposure. Moreover, we have provided the very first explanation of hematopoietic lines in Japanese quail. Following CdCl2 exposure, changes in the number, size and morphology of blood cells were observed in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. Alterations included severe erythrocyte damage, monocytosis and lymphopenia. In the liver of Cd-exposed animals we observed necrotic cells, absence of hematopoietic regions and cytogenetic changes of hepatocytes. Alterations in the bone marrow were also noted, as well as giant phagocytic cells, most likely macrophages. In vivo, CdCl2 exposure caused swift and destructive changes in the hematopoietic niche, liver and other tissues responsible for the detoxification cycle of cadmium and its compounds.
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| 23. |
- Ul haq, Mazhar, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of developmental toxicity of seven perfluoroalkyl acids to zebrafish embryos
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 36, s. 423-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The toxicity of individual perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) has been suggested to be determined by the carbon chain length as well as the functional group attached. We tested seven different PFAAs including both sulfonic and carboxylic PFAAs with different chain length to evaluate the developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Generally, the acute toxicity of PFAAs is relatively low to zebrafish embryos. The EC50 values ranged from 1.5 to 2200 mg/L. We observed a relationship between higher toxicity with longer carbon chain. In addition, we also observed a higher toxicity for sulfonic PFAAs than for carboxylic PFAAs. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 24. |
- Wu, Lingling, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of soluble sulfide on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonic development
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 42, s. 183-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zebrafish embryos were used to investigate the developmental effects of sulfide. Mortality, teratogenic effects, and developmental parameters of early developmental embryos were recorded. The biodistribution of sulfide in developing zebrafish embryos and larvae were measured through fluorescence imaging. The influences of sulfide on the cardiac function and development velocity of zebrafish embryos were dependent on sulfide concentration. Heart rate and development velocity increased with exposure to lower sulfide concentrations, which may be attributed to the cardioprotective properties of H2S. Meanwhile, heart rate and development velocity decreased, whereas pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, and trunk abnormalities occurred with exposure to higher sulfide concentrations. Sulfide accumulated in the blastoderm of early developmental embryos and was then transported to the yolk sac and yolk extension with the embryonic development. Finally, sulfide was transferred from the yolk to the eyes of zebrafish larvae. The details of mechanism of sulfide toxicity require further research. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 25. |
- Örbaek, Palle, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of trait anxiety and social conformity on responses to experimental chemical challenge
- 2005
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7077 .- 1382-6689. ; 19:3, s. 659-664
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examined the impact of trait anxiety and social conformity on ratings and test performance during controlled solvent challenge. Healthy women (n = 20) and men (n = 18) were exposed to increasing levels of toluene and n-butyl acetate in a challenge chamber, during which they repeatedly rated smell intensity and annoyance, and completed neurobehavioral tests. Trait anxiety was measured by the Psychasthenia scale of the Karolinska, Scales of Personality (KSP), and social conformity by the KSP Social Desirability scale. Among women, high Psychasthenia was related to higher increase in ratings of mucous membrane irritation, fatigue, and annoyance from other aspects of the environment than smell during challenges, and was related to a higher increase in reaction time variability. Among men, Psychasthenia was unrelated to annoyance ratings, and was inversely related to the increase in smell intensity ratings. Social desirability was unrelated to any rating or performance dimension for either gender.
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| 26. |
- Örn, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual disruption in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to mixtures of 17α-ethinylestradiol and 17β-trenbolone
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 41, s. 225-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental estrogens and androgens can be present simultaneously in aquatic environments and thereby interact to disturb multiple physiological systems in organisms. Studies on interaction effects in fish of androgenic and estrogenic chemicals are limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate feminization and masculinization effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to combinations of two synthetic steroid hormones detected in environmental waters: the androgen 17 beta-trenbolone (Tb) and the oestrogen 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Juvenile zebrafish were exposed between days 20 and 60 post-hatch to different binary mixtures of Tb (1, 10, and 50 ng/L) and EE2 (2 and 5 ng/L). The endpoints studied were whole-body homogenate vitellogenin concentration at 40 days post-hatch, and sex ratio including gonad maturation at 60 days post-hatch. The feminizing potency of 5 ng/L of EE2, alone as well as in combination with Tb, was clear in the present study, with exposures resulting in almost all-female populations and females being sexually immature. Masculinization effects with male-biased sex ratios were observed when fish were exposed to 2 ng/L of EE2 in combination with Tb concentrations. Intersex fish were observed after exposure to mixtures of 2 ng/L EE2 with 50 ng/L Tb. Sexual maturity generally increased among males at increasing concentrations of Tb. The results of the present study show that exposure to environmentally relevant mixtures of an oestrogen and androgen affects the process of gonad differentiation in zebrafish and lead to sexual disruption. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Celander, Malin C., 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance to Cyp3a induction by polychlorinated biphenyls, including non-dioxin-like PCB153, in gills of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from New Bedford Harbor
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689. ; 83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous reports suggested that non-dioxin-like (NDL) PCB153 effects on cytochrome P450 3A (Cyp3a) expression in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) gills differed between F0 generation fish from a PCB site (New Bedford Harbor; NBH) and a reference site (Scorton Creek; SC). Here, we examined effects of PCB153, dioxin-like (DL) PCB126, or a mixture of both, on Cyp3a56 mRNA in killifish generations removed from the wild, without environmental PCB exposures. PCB126 effects in liver and gills differed between populations, as expected. Gill Cyp3a56 was not affected by either congener in NBH F2 generation fish, but was induced by PCB153 in SC F1 fish, with females showing a greater response. PCB153 did not affect Cyp3a56 in liver of either population. Results suggest a heritable resistance to NDL-PCBs in killifish from NBH, in addition to that reported for DL PCBs. Induction of Cyp3a56 in gills may be a biomarker of exposure to NDL PCBs in fish populations that are not resistant to PCBs.
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| 33. |
- Eriksson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Developmental neurotoxicity of four ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in the neonatal mouse
- 1996
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1382-6689. ; 1:3, s. 155-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to investigate whether neonatal exposure to single PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) congeners 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl (IUPAC 28), 2,2'.5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC 52), 2,3'.4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC 118) a
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| 34. |
- Eriksson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Neonatal exposure to 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl causes increased susceptibility in the cholinergic transmitter system at adult age
- 1996
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1382-6689. ; 1:3, s. 217-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) constitute a large category of chlorinated hydrocarbons that can have developmental neurotoxic effects. We have recently reported that neonatal exposure to a lightly chlorinated ortho-substituted PCB, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachloro
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| 35. |
- Eriksson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Neurotoxic effects in adult mice neonatally exposed to 3,3 ' 4,4 ' 5-pentachlorobiphenyl or 2,3,3 ' 4,4 '-pentachlorobiphenyl. Changes in brain nicotinic receptors and behaviour
- 1998
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Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1382-6689. ; 5:1, s. 17-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to investigate whether neonatal exposure to single PCB congeners 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC 126) (co-pIanar) and 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC 105) (mono-ortho 'co-planar like') when given as one
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Larsson, D. G. Joakim, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Is heart rate in fish a sensitive indicator to evaluate acute effects of β-blockers in surface water?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689. ; 22, s. 338-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated if propranolol, a non-selective β-blocker present in sewage effluents, affects heart rate in rainbow trout. During a 48 h exposure to a very high concentration of propranolol (70.9 μg/L) no effects on heart rate were found. After a subsequent intravenous injection of propranolol, heart rate remained unaffected in pre-exposed fish but was significantly lowered in naïve fish. Other studies have reported effects on the reproduction of fish by propranolol dissolved in water at much lower concentrations. The present study suggests that physiological systems under homeostatic control, like heart rate, may not be particularly sensitive despite being direct targets.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Neves, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational second-hand smoke exposure : A comparative shotgun proteomics study on nasal epithelia from healthy restaurant workers
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - 1382-6689. ; 108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) present risk of developing tobacco smoke-associated pathologies. To investigate the airway molecular response to SHS exposure that could be used in health risk assessment, comparative shotgun proteomics was performed on nasal epithelium from a group of healthy restaurant workers, non-smokers (never and former) exposed and not exposed to SHS in the workplace. HIF1α-glycolytic targets (GAPDH, TPI) and proteins related to xenobiotic metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation leading to cancer (ADH1C, TUBB4B, EEF2) showed significant modulation in non-smokers exposed. In never smokers exposed, enrichment of glutathione metabolism pathway and EEF2-regulating protein synthesis in genotoxic response were increased, while in former smokers exposed, proteins (LYZ, ATP1A1, SERPINB3) associated with tissue damage/regeneration, apoptosis inhibition and inflammation that may lead to asthma, COPD or cancer, were upregulated. The identified proteins are potential response and susceptibility/risk biomarkers for SHS exposure.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Serra, Hélène, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogenic activity of surface waters using zebrafish- and human-based in vitro assays : The Danube as a case-study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1382-6689. ; 78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most in vitro reporter gene assays used to assess estrogenic contamination are based on human estrogen receptor α (hERα) activation. However, fish bioassays can have distinct response to estrogenic chemicals and mixtures, questioning the relevance of human-based bioassays for assessing risk to this species. In this study, zebrafish liver cells stably expressing zebrafish ERβ2 (ZELHβ2) and human breast cancer cells expressing hERα (MELN) were used to quantify the estrogenic activity of 25 surface water samples of the Danube River, for which chemicals have been previously quantified. Most samples had a low estrogenic activity below 0.1 ng/L 17β-estradiol-equivalents that was more often detected by MELN cells, while ZELHβ2 response tend to be lower than predicted based on the chemicals identified. Nevertheless, both bioassays quantified well a higher estrogenic activity at two sites, which was confirmed in vivo using a transgenic zebrafish assay. The results are discussed considering the effect-based trigger values proposed for water quality monitoring.
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