| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, P. ‐A, et al.
(författare)
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Three predominant prostatic proteins : Drei vorherrschende Prostataproteine
- 1990
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 22:1 S, s. 122-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA; or γ‐seminoprotein), and β‐microseminoprotein (β‐MSP; PSP94 or β‐inhibin) are the three predominant proteins secreted by the normal human prostate gland. In the epithelium of normal and hyperplastic prostatic acini and ducts PAP, PSA and β‐MSP have an identical immunohistochemical localization. Highly differentiated (grade I) carcinomas contain an almost equal number of PAP‐, PSA‐ and β‐MSP‐immunoreactive cells; the incidence of these cells is lower and they display a greater staining variability in the moderately and poorly (grade II‐III) differentiated tumours. Especially in poorly differentiated tumours PSA seems to be a more sensitive immunohistochemical marker than PAP or prostatic carcinomas. Moreover, the use of PAP as a marker for prostatic carcinomas is complicated by the reported structural similarities between the prostatic secreted acid phosphatase and lysosomal acid phosphatase occurring in all tissues. The use of β‐MSP as a marker for prostatic carcinomas may be limited by indications of non‐prostatic production of this protein.
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| 2. |
- Elzanaty, Saad, et al.
(författare)
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Seminal plasma albumin: origin and relation to the male reproductive parameters.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 39:2, s. 60-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We wanted to investigate the origin of seminal plasma albumin and its relation to the male reproductive parameters. Semen samples from 916 men, under infertility assessment, were analysed according to guidelines of the World Health Organization. Seminal plasma constituents, i.e. albumin, markers of the epididymal (neutral alpha-glucosidase, NAG), prostatic (prostate-specific antigen, PSA, and zinc) and seminal vesicle function (fructose), as well as levels of reproductive hormones in plasma were measured. The sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) was applied on 267 of the 916 samples. A negative correlation was seen for seminal albumin and plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (r = -0.1, P = 0.02) and a positive correlation for seminal albumin and serum inhibin B (r = 0.2, P = 0.004). Albumin exhibited positive correlations with the epididymal marker, NAG (r = 0.5, P < 0.001) and with the prostatic markers, PSA and zinc (r = 0.1, P = 0.001; r = 0.2, P < 0.001 respectively) as well as with age (r = 0.2, P < 0.001). A negative significant association was seen for seminal albumin and semen volume (beta = -0.60; 95% CI -0.80 to -0.30). The opposite trend was found regarding sperm concentration (beta = 0.34; 95% CI 0.30-0.40), total sperm count (beta = 0.30; 95% CI 0.20-0.40), and percentage morphologically normal spermatozoa (beta = 0.70; 95% CI 0.10-1.0). No association was found between albumin and sperm motility, SCSA parameters, or fructose, the marker of seminal vesicles. Our results suggest testicular, epididymal and prostatic origin of seminal plasma albumin, in addition to the contribution from blood. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between seminal plasma albumin and sperm morphology. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of seminal albumin in sperm morphology.
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| 3. |
- Giwercman, Aleksander, et al.
(författare)
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Testicular cancer and molecular genetics.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 37:6, s. 224-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Lilja, H.
(författare)
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Cell biology of semenogelin
- 1990
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 22:1 S, s. 132-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Semenogelin is the predominant protein in human semen. It is synthetised by the secretory epithelium of the seminal vesicles as a 461 amino acid precursor protein. Following cleavage of a predominantly hydrophobic signal peptide, the secreted protein contains 439 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of semenogelin has a repetitive structure, but it displays no significant homology to any other characterized translation product. In the seminal vesicle secretion, semenogelin occurs in disulphide‐linked high molecular mass complexes together with two less abundant 71 and 76 kDa proteins. These proteins have a very close antigenic and structural relationship to semenogelin, but contrary to semenogelin one or both of these semenogelin‐related proteins are also expressed by the secretory epithelium of the epididymis. Semenogelin and the semenogelin‐related proteins are the major proteins involved in the gelatinous entrapment of ejaculated spermatozoa. Antigenic epitopes common to these proteins are localised to the locomotive parts of the spermatozoa. The spermatozoa become progressively motile when gel‐forming proteins are fragmented by the kallikrein‐like protease, prostate‐specific antigen, and the gel dissolves.
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| 5. |
- Inayat, S, et al.
(författare)
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High levels of cathepsins B, L and S in human seminal plasma and their association with prostasomes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 44:6, s. 423-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semen is a heterogenous and complex fluid with different functions, some of them well known, others still obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of cathepsins B, S and L in human seminal plasma and their possible associations with other semen variables. Cathepsin B, L and S concentrations were measured in seminal plasma from 99 men utilising commercial ELISA kits. Seminal plasma cathepsin B was approximately 70 times higher, while the cathepsin L values were approximately 500 times higher and the cathepsin S values approximately 40 times higher in seminal plasma than in a group of serum samples. The study shows that seminal plasma contains high levels of cathepsins B, L and S. All three cathepsins were also bound to the surface of prostasomes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Spjuth, L., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of exposure of pre-pubertal boars to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on their frozen-thawed sperm viability post-puberty
- 2006
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 38:5, s. 186-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Late effects of pre-pubertal oral exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plastic softener used in, for example, polyvinyl chloride-products, on semen quality in young boars have not been clear-cut. The aim of this study was to determine whether stress imposed on spermatozoa would reveal such effects. Semen was collected from post-pubertal boars (8-9 months of age), which had been exposed to 300 mg kg(-1) body weight of DEHP per os three times a week from 3 to 7 weeks of age and from control siblings given placebo (water). The semen was cryopreserved and examined for plasma membrane integrity post-thaw using the short hypo-osmotic swelling test and flow cytometry (propidium iodide /SYBR-14). Sperm motility was assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis. No significant difference in plasma membrane integrity could be found between the groups. The DEHP-exposed group had a significantly lower percentage of linearly motile spermatozoa at 30 min (P less than 0.05) and 120 min (P less than 0.001) after thawing, and a larger amplitude of lateral displacement of the head 120 min after thawing (P less than 0.05), compared with controls. In summary, spermatozoa from boars pre-pubertally exposed to low doses of DEHP, showed kinematic deviations post-thaw that could be related to DEHP exposure.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- El-Serafi, Ahmed Taher, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Dysregulation of male sex hormones in chronic hepatitis C patients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - Berlin, Germany : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 48:1, s. 82-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection is a serious problem all over the world and has a special importance in Egypt, where the prevalence of infection is 14.7% of population. In males, HCV is associated with sexual dysfunction and changes in the semen parameters. This study aimed at estimation of a panel of the most important related hormones in the serum of patients and illustration of their correlation to the routine laboratory investigations. The four studied hormones showed alteration in the patients in comparison with the controls. While androstenedione, prolactin and testosterone were significantly increased in patients, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate was decreased. These changes in the hormones were not related to the liver functions, pathological grade or even viral load. We hypothesised a model of how HCV can induce these hormonal changes and recommended to add these hormones to the follow-up panel of male patients with HCV.
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| 13. |
- Elbardisi, Haitham, et al.
(författare)
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Does varicocelectomy improve semen in men with azoospermia and clinically palpable varicocele?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 52:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effectiveness of varicocelectomy in nonobstructive azoospermia is controversial. The current study assessed the efficacy of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in nonobstructive azoospermic men with palpable varicocele and to evaluate predictive parameters of outcome. We reviewed the records of 723 patients who had microsurgical varicocelectomy and diagnostic testicular biopsy between 2012 and 2016 at a tertiary medical centre. Data pertaining to the physical, laboratory (semen analysis and hormonal profile) and histopathology features were examined, exploring the predictors of improvement in semen analysis post-varicocelectomy. In total, 42 patients with mean age 35.71 +/- 6.35 years were included. After a mean varicocelectomy follow-up of 6.7 months, motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate could be observed in 11 patients (26.2). Out of all the factors examined, only testicular histopathology significantly predicted post-varicocelectomy outcome, where 8/11 patients exhibited hypospermatogenesis, and 3/11 Sertoli cell-only regained spermatozoa in semen. Microsurgical varicocelectomy in nonobstructive azoospermic men with clinically palpable varicocele can result in sperm appearance in the ejaculate with the highest success expected in hypospermatogenesis.
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| 14. |
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| 16. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Liffner, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostics of DNA fragmentation in human spermatozoa: Are sperm chromatin structure analysis and sperm chromatin dispersion tests (SCD-HaloSpermG2 (R)) comparable?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : WILEY. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 51:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Men affected with idiopathic infertility often display basic spermiogramme values similar to fertile individuals, questioning the diagnostic impact of the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds used. This study explored sperm DNA fragmentation in single ejaculates from 14 fertile donors and 42 patients with idiopathic infertility providing semen for assisted reproductive techniques in a university fertility clinic. Each ejaculate was simultaneously studied for sperm DNA fragmentation by the flow cytometer-based sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA) and the new light-microscopy-based sperm chromatin dispersion assay (SCD-HaloSpermG2 (R)), before and after sperm selection for in vitro fertilisation with a colloid discontinuous gradient. The WHO semen variables did not differ between groups, but DNA fragmentation after SCSA (DFI) or SCD (SDF) was significantly (p amp;lt; 0.05) higher in patients (DFI: 40.2% +/- 3.0 vs. SDF: 40.3% +/- 1.4) than in fertile donors (DFI: 17.1% +/- 2.1 vs. SDF: 20.9% +/- 2.5). Sperm selection led to lower proportions of DNA-fragmented spermatozoa (DFI: 11.9 +/- 1.7 vs. SCD: 10.0 +/- 0.9, p amp;lt; 0.05). The techniques output correlated highly and significantly (r(2) = 0.82). DNA fragmentation is confirmed as a relevant variable for scrutinising patients with idiopathic infertility, beyond the evidently insufficient WHO semen analyses. Since both techniques yielded similar results, the reduced necessity of complex equipment when running SCD ought to be considered for a clinical setting.
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| 20. |
- Rahardjo, Harrina E., et al.
(författare)
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Arginase enzymes in the human prostate: A molecular biological and immunohistochemical approach
- 2019
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : WILEY. - 0303-4569 .- 1439-0272. ; 51:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nitric oxide (NO) pathway plays a role in maintaining the function of the prostate. An impairment in the activity of the NO system may have an impact in the manifestation of lower urinary tract symptomatology and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Arginase enzymes (Arg) counteract the generation of NO by depleting the intracellular pool of L-arginine, known to be the substrate of the NO synthases. This study investigated the expression of arginase type I and II in the human prostate. Nondiseased prostate tissue was obtained during pelvic surgeries (prostatectomy, cystoprostatectomy). Tissue sections were exposed to antibodies directed against Arg I and II, cGMP, the phosphodiesterase 5 and nNOS. The expression of mRNA transcripts encoding for Arg I and Arg II was investigated using molecular biology. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed the presence of mRNA encoding for Arg I and II, immunofluorescence specific for Arg I was seen in the stromal smooth musculature, and labelling for PDE5 and cyclic GMP was also observed. Nerve fibres containing nNOS were identified running across the smooth musculature. Immunostainings for Arg II did not yield signals. These findings are in support of the notion that, in the prostate, Arg is involved in the modulation of the activity of the NO system.
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| 21. |
- Elenkov, Angel, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Upper Respiratory Tract Viral Infections on Reproductive Parameters in Young Healthy Men with Mild Symptoms of Disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - 0303-4569. ; 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data regarding excretion of SARS-CoV-2 in semen are inconclusive and counseling regarding risk of sexual transmission is still challenging. Our knowledge on the effect of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) on male reproductive system is also scarce. Apart from negative effect of fever on spermatogenesis virtually no study has been able to compare reproductive parameters in men with COVID-19 or other URTI with predisease data. Eleven men who developed symptoms of URTI during the first and second wave of COVID-19 pandemic and who had preexistent fertility and hormonal data, participated in the study leaving sperm and blood samples. Three additional subjects were recruited among proven SARS-CoV-2 positive male hospital workers (without previous data). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was present in the ejaculate from 2 of 5 (40%) young men with mild COVID-19. In one of them viral particles could be detected in the semen sample 2 weeks after the first sampling. Men with any URTI showed higher LH (p=0.02), lower sperm concentration (p=0.047), and free testosterone (p=0.008) when compared to their samples delivered 10 years earlier. When SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects were compared to subjects with other URTIs, no difference in levels of reproductive parameters or inflammatory markers was seen. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be present in the ejaculate but does not seem to affect reproductive parameters any more than other viruses. However, mild URTI was shown to affect the sperm concentration, LH, and free testosterone negatively.
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| 22. |
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| 25. |
- Ückert, S., et al.
(författare)
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Expression and distribution of key proteins of the endocannabinoid system in the human seminal vesicles
- 2018
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Ingår i: Andrologia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0303-4569. ; 50:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The endocannabinoid system (ECS), comprising the cannabinoid receptors (CBR), their ligands, and enzymes controlling the turnover of endocannabinoids, has been suggested to be involved in male reproductive function. As information is scarce on the expression of the ECS in human male reproductive tissues, this study aimed to investigate by means of molecular biology (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence the expression and distribution of CB1 and CB2, GPR55 (an orphan G protein-coupled receptor that recognises cannabinoid ligands) and FAAH (isoforms 1 and 2) in the human seminal vesicles (SV). The specimens expressed PCR products corresponding to CB1 (66 bp), CB2 (141 bp), GPR55 (112 bp), FAAH1 (260 bp) and FAAH2 (387 bp). Immumohistochemistry revealed dense expression of CB1, CB2 and GPR55 located to the pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium and varicose nerves (also characterised by the expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and calcitonin gene-related peptide). Cytosolic staining for FAAH1 and FAAH2 was seen in cuboidal cells of all layers of the epithelium. No immunoreactivity was detected in the smooth musculature or nerve fibres. CB1, CB2, GPR55, FAAH1 and FAAH2 are highly expressed in the human SV. Considering their localisation, the ECS may be involved in epithelial homeostasis, secretory function or autonomic mechano-afferent signalling.
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| 26. |
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