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1.
  • Dahlqvist Jönsson, Patrik, 1974, et al. (författare)
  • Experience of living with a family member with bipolar disorder.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International journal of mental health nursing. - Richmond : Wiley. - 1447-0349 .- 1445-8330. ; 20:1, s. 29-37
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe illness that has a serious impact on the lives of those affected and on their families. The aim of this study was to elucidate what it means for family members to live with an adult person who has BD, with reference to their views concerning the condition of the person affected and the future. During 2005, 17 family members of people with the disorder were interviewed, and the data obtained were subjected to a qualitative content analysis. The findings showed that family members felt alone with their experiences and struggled to make sense of and to maintain normality, as their life was encroached on by the condition. Bearing the burden of responsibility and control made it difficult for family members to focus on their own future. To build hope, they needed opportunities to share their experiences with others, increased understanding of the condition, and relief from the burden they bore. This study underlines the importance of strengthening support holistically for family members living with an adult person with BD. Support and interventions concerning these families' needs have to be developed and should be provided by all mental health-care services.
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2.
  • Jormfeldt, Henrika, et al. (författare)
  • Perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services : a phenomenographic study
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 16:1, s. 50-56
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A new understanding of the concept of health is needed to meet the goal of mental health nursing, which besides reducing disease is to strengthen the patient's health. The aim of the present study was to describe perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services. Twelve Swedish nurses working in mental health services were interviewed and data were analysed with a phenomenographic approach. The nurses expressed 10 perceptions, which constituted three description categories: autonomy, process, and participation. The result showed that health was more than absence of disease. Simultaneously, perceptions were expressed indicating that health was viewed as absence of disease, which implies that the concept is not sufficiently defined. The result emphasizes the need to clarify the concept of health if it is to be used as a goal in mental health nursing and to integrate a clarified definition of health at all hierarchical levels in mental health care services.
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3.
  • Persson, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Oral health-related quality of life and dental status in an outpatient psychiatric population: A multivariate approach
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1447-0349 .- 1445-8330. ; 19:1, s. 62-70
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Research related to oral health in people with mental health problems may deepen our understanding of the quality of life of such individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral status, health perceptions and life satisfaction, and their impacts on oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL). Data were collected from 113 patients in outpatient psychiatric care using a structured interview and an oral examination. Six multivariate models (one comprising the total population, three separate diagnostic groups, and two sex groups) investigated the variance in OHQoL. In the total population, the number of teeth, subjective life satisfaction, perception of physical health, sex, and relying on chance accounted for 40% of the variance. In the group consisting of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia 41% of the variance was explained by the variables 'number of teeth' and 'perception of physical health'. In the group diagnosed with mood disorders, the variable 'number of teeth' accounted for 58% of the variance. The variance in the remaining group of diagnoses was explained, up to 38%, by life satisfaction and reliance on chance. The sex models revealed significant differences: men considered the responsibility of caring for their oral health as a health matter, while women saw oral health as a more subjective issue. The perception of OHQoL was found to be dependent on the particular psychiatric diagnosis and sex. Such findings can be of use in the development of rehabilitation, as well as preventive strategies that could be individually tailored to maintain OHQoL and oral health.
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4.
  • Schröder, Agneta, 1967-, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric properties of the Quality in Psychiatric Care : Out-Patient (QPC-OP) instrument
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 20:6, s. 445-453
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of the present study was to test the psychometric properties and dimensionality of the Quality in Psychiatric Care – Outpatient (QPC–OP) instrument, in order to determine whether the model of QPC that is applicable to the inpatient clinic is also applicable to the outpatient clinic, and to briefly describe the patients' perceptions of quality of psychiatric outpatient care. A sample of 1340 outpatients from 15 general adult psychiatric clinics in Sweden participated in the study. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the QPC–OP consists of eight dimensions, and has a factor structure largely corresponding to that of the QCP – Inpatient instrument. The internal consistency of the factors was generally acceptable, except in the case of two, where there were not enough items. Thus, the QPC–OP shows adequate psychometric properties. The patients' ratings of quality of care were generally high; the highest rating was for ‘encounter’ and the lowest for ‘discharge’. The quality of discharge was rated as the lowest among the eight dimensions in 14 of the participating outpatient clinics. Thus, this dimension would seem to indicate an important area for improvement. The QPC–OP includes important aspects of patients' assessments of quality of care, and offers a simple and inexpensive way to evaluate psychiatric outpatient care.
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5.
  • Svedberg, Petra, 1973-, et al. (författare)
  • Psychometric characteristics of a self-report questionnaire (HPIQ) focusing on health promotion interventions in mental health services
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 17:3, s. 171-179
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to develop and investigate psychometric properties of the Health Promotion Intervention Questionnaire, a newly developed instrument intended to measure patients' subjective experiences of health promotion interventions in the mental health services. Health promotion practice has often been contested; therefore, it is important to produce convincing evidence that health promotion initiated by the health-care services actually works. A cross-sectional study was performed in order to investigate health promotion interventions among mental health service outpatients. A sample of 135 patients was used to test the psychometric properties of a new questionnaire designed to measure subjective experiences of health promotion interventions carried out by the mental health services. The factor structure of the questionnaire was tested by means of principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation. Reliability was measured in terms of internal consistency of the factors and test-retest reliability in a subsample of patients. The final scale contained 19 items derived from four factors: alliance, empowerment, educational support, and practical support. In terms of internal consistency, reliability was found to be good, both for the overall scale and the subscales. Test-retest reliability was moderate or higher in 13 out of 19 items and poor in only one item. This questionnaire, developed to evaluate patients' experiences of health promotion interventions in mental health services, may be used as an alternative in further empirical studies. With additional testing, the questionnaire could facilitate the work of defining and evaluating health promotion interventions conducted by the mental health services.
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6.
  • Bengtsson Tops, Anita, et al. (författare)
  • Self-reported consequences and needs for support associated with abuse in female users of psychiatric care
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 16:1, s. 35-43
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of adult abuse in female users of psychiatric care, the relationship between abuse and self-esteem and self-reported consequences of abuse, and women's self-reported needs of support. A total of 1382 women participated in the study. A self-administrated anonymous questionnaire with both closed-ended and open-ended questions was used. Quantitative data were analysed by mainly descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analysed by content analysis. Forty-six per cent (n = 638) of the women had been exposed to emotional, sexual, and/or physical abuse in adulthood. Twenty-eight per cent (n = 385) reported experiences of moderate physical abuse, 27% (n = 373) reported threats of injury, and 20% (n = 277) reported threats of being killed. Further, 19% (n = 261) reported experience of sexual violence, and 12% (n = 164) had experiences of serious physical violence. Women who had been abused rated lower self-esteem than those who were not abused. Self-reported consequences of abuse included intrapersonal problems such as poor self-esteem, fears, anxiety, and worries but also problems in social relations especially with regard to close relationships and reliance to others. To a lesser extent, disease-specific manifestations were reported. The needs of support included interventions directed to the experiences of abuse by professionals trained in the area, family interventions, self-help groups, medical care, legal support, or practical help to find new housing situations. It is concluded that female users of psychiatric care services constitute a vulnerable group with regard to abuse. To meet the women's needs, the care system has to adopt a perspective that includes personal, social, and societal factors.
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7.
  • Blomqvist, Marjut, 1966-, et al. (författare)
  • "Family in the waiting room" : A Swedish study of nurses' conceptions of family participation in acute psychiatric in-patient setting
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Carlton, Vic. : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 20, s. 185-194
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Family plays an important role in the care provided for patients in all areas of nursing. However, relatively few studies deal with the focus of the present study: the ways that nurses experience family participation in acute psychiatric inpatient settings. Data were collected by interviewing 18 nurses who had experience working in such settings. A phenomenographical approach was used to analyse the interviews. Three descriptive categories were found: family participation as a part of the caring process, barriers to family participation, and nurses' resources in family participation. The findings show that the nurses' conceptions of family participation varied, and that the family was not always a priority in this caring context. The implementation of family participation was often only based on the nurses' own interests and insights. This could mean that family participation differed substantially, depending on which nurse a family encountered, and which unit the patient was admitted at. Finally, nurses had little professional autonomy, and organizational support and education were also lacking.
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8.
  • Carlen, Pontus, et al. (författare)
  • Suicidal patients as experienced by psychiatric nurses in inpatient care
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 16:4, s. 257-265
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Psychiatric nurses have a major influence on the lives of patients with suicidal behaviour in inpatient care. Despite this, there is a lack of knowledge about how nurses experience patients with suicidal behaviour in a deeper sense. The aim of this study was to investigate how psychiatric nurses experience patients with suicidal behaviour within an inpatient psychiatric context. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 11 psychiatric nurses, each of whom had more than 5 years of experience caring for patients with suicidal behaviour. Data were analysed using qualitative latent content analysis. Two main themes emerged from the data analysis. These are 'labelled' and 'suffering'. In the nurses' natural attitude, they saw patients as being labelled with different conditions and/or behaviours based on objective signs. These were categorized into different groups or identities such as psychiatric diagnosis, mask wearer, screened-off, or the social, relapsing or determined patient. On reflection, however, the nurses described the patients' suffering in terms related to feelings of hopelessness, meaninglessness, and being out of control. The nurses' experiences of the patients as suffering were based on their subjective reflective experience of the patients. The study gives support to the conclusion that two main logic systems are represented in the care of patients with suicidal behaviour: technical practical and nursing perspectives. In order to ensure that these two logic systems combine, it is necessary for the psychiatric care organization to intervene to support the nurses in reflecting on their everyday work.
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9.
  • Engqvist, Inger, et al. (författare)
  • Swedish registered psychiatric nurses' descriptions of presence when caring for women with post-partum psychosis : An interview study
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 19:5, s. 313-321
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The concept of nursing presence has been widely used in nursing and is a significant component of nursing practice. In order to increase our understanding of nursing presence, it needs to be studied in different contexts. In this study, a secondary analysis of interviews with 10 registered psychiatric nurses (RPN) in Sweden was conducted to explore nurses’ descriptions of presence when caring for women with post-partum psychosis (PPP). Based on the research question: ‘How do RPN describe nursing presence in the context of caring for women with PPP?’ content analysis was used to analyze the data. Three categories emerged: the use of presence to protect, the use of presence to facilitate recovery, and the use of presence for learning. The findings underscore the importance of recognizing nursing presence as a strategy to improve psychiatric nursing for the benefit of the woman and her child, and as an important part of psychiatric nursing when providing compassionate and effective nursing care to this population.
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10.
  • Ewertzon, Mats, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Developing the concept of family involvement and the alienation questionnaire in the context of psychiatric care
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - London : Wiley- Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 17:6, s. 439-449
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Research shows that family members of persons with a mental illness often experience a lack of involvement in the psychiatric care of their relative. An interpretation of the findings of these studies raises the question whether the family members’ experience of not being involved can be conceptualised in terms of alienation towards mental health services from their encounter with psychiatric care.  In order to explore this possibility, the Family Involvement and Alienation Questionnaire (FIAQ) was constructed, guided by relevant theoretical frameworks and empirical research. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by two groups of experienced researchers who had sound knowledge of the theoretical frameworks used. Validity based on the response process was evaluated by parents of persons with mental illness. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by a test-retest design, in a group of 15 family members. The data were analysed by a non-parametric statistical method.   The results of the validity and reliability evaluations show that of the 46 original items 28 items in the questionnaire would be useful in exploring the concept of family involvement and alienation in the context of psychiatric care. Further, minor modification may make the FIAQ useful in exploring these concepts in other settings.
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11.
  • Fiddler, Magdalen, et al. (författare)
  • Once-a-week psychiatric ward round or daily inpatient team meeting? A multidisciplinary mental health team’s experience of new ways of working
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 2:19, s. 119-127
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Evidence indicates that while service users are dissatisfied with current ward round practices, studies of how professionals experience this practice are sparse. This study highlights staff view of the once-a-week psychiatric ward round compared to a reformed ward round taking place every weekday. Interviews were conducted at one acute psychiatric ward in north-west England. Our analysis revealed a core theme, ‘forming a new way of working’, which could be understood from three themes. The theme, ‘bound by tradition’, emphasized how the traditional ward round represented a double-edged sword: it provided a safe structure, but it also highlighted a shared awareness of an urgent need to leave old ways of working behind. The process of change became discernable in the themes ‘juggling the change’ and ‘light at the end of the tunnel’, which showed that restructuring the traditional ward round was both possible and valued. We found that staff views on ward rounds are more complex than had been earlier understood, but new ways of working can be implemented, if the impact of tradition, the process of change, and the time to bed down are taken into account.
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12.
  • Gonzalez, Marianne Thorsen, et al. (författare)
  • A prospective study of group cohesiveness in therapeutic horticulture for clinical depression
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 20:2, s. 119-129
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to assess changes in psychological distress and social participation in adults diagnosed with clinical depression during and after participating in a therapeutic horticulture programme, and to investigate if the changes covaried with levels of group cohesiveness during the intervention. An intervention with a single-group design was repeated with different samples in successive years (pooled n = 46). In each year, five groups of 3-7 participants went through the intervention. Data were collected before, twice during, and immediately after a 12-week therapeutic horticulture programme, as well as at 3-months' follow up. Mental health assessments included the Beck Depression Inventory, the State Subscale of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Positive Affect Scale from the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Therapeutic Factors Inventory Cohesiveness Scale. The analysis of the pooled data confirmed significant beneficial change in all mental health variables during the intervention. Change from baseline in depression severity persisted at 3-months' follow up. Increased social activity after the intervention was reported for 38% of the participants. The groups quickly established strong cohesiveness, and this continued to increase during the intervention. The average level of group cohesiveness correlated positively, but not significantly, with change in all mental health outcome variables.
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13.
  • Gustafsson, Gabriella, et al. (författare)
  • Personality traits among burnt out and non-burnt out health-care personnel at the same workplaces : a pilot study
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 18:5, s. 336-348
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Stress-related illnesses, such as burnout, have increased over the last decade, but not everyone at the same workplace develops burnout, suggesting that individual factors may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of personality traits among two groups of health-care personnel from the same workplaces, one group on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout, and one group with no indication of burnout, respectively. Fourteen psychiatric- (n = 7) and elderly (n = 7)-care units, located in one specific area in a municipality in northern Sweden, participated in this questionnaire-based study. The participants (n = 40), on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout (n = 20), and those with no indication of burnout (n = 20), respectively, completed Cattell's 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire between February and December 2004. Conventional statistical methods and partial least square regression were used to analyze data. The results showed that the burnout group had lower scores regarding emotional stability and higher scores regarding anxiety than the non-burnout group, but the results also showed a wide variation of personality traits within groups. The most important indicators for belonging to the burnout group were 'openness to changes' and 'anxiety', and for belonging to the non-burnout group, 'emotional stability', 'liveliness', 'privateness' (i.e. forthright or discreet), and 'tension'. The result indicates complex interactions between personality traits and the context in which the individual lives. It seems to be important to increase our awareness of when personality traits may constitute opportunities versus risks in dealing with one's existing circumstances.
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14.
  • Hellzén, Ove, et al. (författare)
  • Nurses' narratives about their residents when caring for people with long-term mental illness in municipal group dwellings
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 15:1, s. 60-69
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nurses working in community psychiatric care are expected to spend time with the residents, in a genuine, professional way, irrespective of their own feelings towards them. Fourteen nurses at two group dwellings in Sweden were interviewed about their experiences when caring for people with long-term mental illness. Narrative interviews were conducted and interpreted using a method inspired by Ricoeur. The analyses were performed in two steps: the first shows that residents could be divided into four different typologies or patterns--the good, the disabled, the invisible, and the bad residents, of which the nurses liked the first two and disliked the last two. In the second analysis, two themes were formulated to describe the nurses' experiences of 'replenishing one's self-worth and self-esteem' and 'giving up the caring role'. These results were interpreted and reflected on in the light of a theoretical framework in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the text. The study indicates that the question of whether nurses liked or disliked the residents appears to be closely related to whether or not the individual resident confirmed the nurse. Residents who confirmed nurses were liked and given attention, whereas those who did not were disliked and given a minimum of time together with the nurse.
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15.
  • Hultsjö, Sally, et al. (författare)
  • Community health-care staff's experiences of support to prevent type 2 diabetes among people with psychosis : an interview study with health staff
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 21:5, s. 480-489
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the study was to describe mental health staff experiences of giving support to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) among people with psychosis in community psychiatry. A qualitative interview study with a purposeful sample of 12 community health staff was conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results show how staff reported continuously supporting people with psychosis to adapt to healthy lifestyles, but stated that support is not given until after a person becomes overweight or is diagnosed with type 2 DM. Support was described as a never-ending process of motivation facing many reverses. Individually-adapted support given in practical situations was perceived as most successful. Cooperation between health-care organizations was seen as essential, but inadequate. Limitations in income and social network, and easy access to fast food and alcohol, were seen as obstacles to support. The results indicate that community health staff are in a position to make a considerable impact in motivating and supporting healthy lifestyle changes in practical situations in daily life among people with psychosis. This study raises awareness of how community health staff's support can be useful when developing nursing skills and health-care plans for people with psychosis.
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16.
  • Hultsjö, Sally, et al. (författare)
  • Core components in the care of immigrants with psychoses: : A Delphi survey of patients, families, and health-care staff.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 20:3, s. 174-184
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the present study was to identify core components in the care of immigrants with psychosis in Sweden. Experts (n = 43) from different perspectives (immigrants, families, and health-care staff) were assembled and used to score the importance of statements regarding components in the care for a person with psychosis in three questionnaire rounds. After each round, the opinions were consolidated and compared to identify whether consensus was reached. Consensus was reached about the importance of being treated on equal terms, regardless of country of birth. Staff interest and respect, shown in different ways of understanding, was valued. Consensus could not be reached on approximately half of the statements, of which four tended to be ranked towards unimportant. Those included that staff should have specific cultural knowledge or that the patient should be allowed to decide whether to be cared for by male or female staff. Nor was it regarded as important to identify a person's religious or ethnic background. The results illustrate the importance of fundamental psychiatric nursing, which should enable nurses to identify and meet the basic needs of all patients, regardless of country of origin. Areas for which consensus was not reached illustrate a future challenge for health-care staff to identify situations when cultural clashes could appear. Staff should have strategies to accomplish cultural negotiations to build an effective treatment alliance with the patient, as well as the family, to meet individual needs.
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17.
  • Hultsjö, Sally, et al. (författare)
  • Foreign-born and Swedish-born families' perceptions of psychosis care.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 18:1, s. 62-71
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: To describe how foreign-born and Swedish born families living in Sweden perceive psychosis care. Methods: Eleven foreign-born and 15 Swedish-born family members were interviewed. Data were analyzed using a phenomenographic approach. Findings: Three main descriptive categories were found: taking responsibility, access to care, and attitudes to psychosis. The degree of responsibility in the family decreased if there was easy access to care and support from health-care staff. Knowledge of psychosis was considered to be important in order to counteract prejudiced attitudes in the family and the community. Foreign-born families did not want to be treated differently from Swedes and stressed the importance of finding ways to communicate despite communication barriers. Foreign-born families also were affected by their experiences of psychiatric care and different beliefs about psychosis in their home country. Conclusion: The results indicate how important it is that health-care staff members treat families on equal terms. It is necessary to take the time to identify how to communicate in a good manner and to identify families' previous experiences of and beliefs about psychosis care in order to help families face prejudice in society and to see beyond the psychosis.
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18.
  • Högberg, Torbjörn, et al. (författare)
  • Attitudes towards mental illness in Sweden : adaptation and development of the Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness questionnaire
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 17:5, s. 302-310
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The main purpose for the expansion of supported community care for persons with serious mental illness in Sweden was to ensure the right for these persons to live as citizens in the community. However, earlier research shows that negative attitudes towards mental illness present an obstacle for social integration of persons with serious mental illness. The aim of this study, conducted in Sweden, was to evaluate an existing instrument's (Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness, CAMI), validity and reliability. An additional aim was to adapt and develop the questionnaire to Swedish circumstances. After translation and modification of the original CAMI, the Swedish version of the questionnaire (CAMI-S) was distributed to all student nurses at three different universities in Sweden. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90 of the original CAMI-S. A corrected inter-item total correlation excluded 20 items because they showed loading <0.43. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient on the 20 items (new CAMI-S) that showed loading, >0.43, was 0.903. A factor analysis of these items revealed that the data could be extracted in three factors labelled as: open-minded and pro-integration, fear and avoidance and community mental health ideology. Finally, in order to reach reliable results in attitude research, it is important to measure the respondent's attitude towards the object in common as well as the respondent's attitude to interact with the object. Accordingly, it is important to add behavioural intention items to the 'new CAMI-S'. Statements exemplifying how something 'ought to be' in an impersonal way have a good degree of stability over time and place.
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19.
  • Hörberg, Ulrica, 1968-, et al. (författare)
  • Clients' perceptions of client-nurse relationships in local authority psychiatric services : a qualitative study
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 13:1, s. 9-17
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Mental Health Care reform in Sweden aimed, among other things, to improve the possibilities for persons with mental illnesses to experience companionship and participation in society. The aim of the study was to describe how persons suffering from mental illness perceive their relationships with nursing staff in local authority psychiatric services. Data were collected through semi-structured recorded interviews with 17 strategically chosen clients. A qualitative approach inspired by phenomenography was used to analyse the data. The analysis resulted in four main categories and 13 subcategories. The main categories were: security, companionship, confirmation and development.
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20.
  • Johansson, Inger M., 1951, et al. (författare)
  • The health-care environment on a locked psychiatric ward: an ethnographic study
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Richmond : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 15:4, s. 242-250
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Recent changes in psychiatric hospital care involving a reduction in the number of beds and time spent in hospital motivated the study of conditions of inpatient care on such wards. An ethnographic study of a locked, acute psychiatric ward in a department of psychiatry was performed with the aim of describing the health-care environment in such a ward. The ward admitted patients on both a voluntarily and involuntarily basis. Data were collected by means of 3.5 months of participant observations. The results showed a health-care environment that was overshadowed by control. Staff were in control but they also lacked control; they attempted to master the situation in line with organizational demands and they sometimes failed. At the same time, the staff tried to share the responsibility of caring for patients and next of kin. Patients were controlled by staff; they were the underdogs and dependent on staff for their care and the freedom to leave the ward. Patients tried to make themselves heard and reacted to the control by developing counter-strategies. What this study adds to earlier research is patients' pressure on staff and sometimes quite an open struggle for more control, which may be an expression for an unacceptable imbalance in power between patients and staff.    
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21.
  • Karpowicz, Ewa, et al. (författare)
  • Self-esteem in patients treated for anorexia nervosa.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International journal of mental health nursing. - Richmond : Wiley. - 1447-0349 .- 1445-8330. ; 18:5, s. 318-25
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Anorexia nervosa (AN) mainly affects girls or women between 13 and 45 years of age. According to previous studies, one of the reasons for the desire to be thin is low self-esteem. The purpose of the study was to examine the self-esteem of 38 female patients with AN between 16 and 25 years of age, before and after 3 months of treatment at a specialist ward for eating disorders in Göteborg, Sweden. A quantitative pre- and post-assessment based on two self-rating questionnaires, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE-S) and three subscales (weight phobia, body dissatisfaction, and ineffectiveness) of Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), together with body mass index (BMI), were used in the study, which was conducted between June 2005 and March 2008. The results reveal that self-esteem, BMI, weight phobia, and body dissatisfaction improved significantly between pre- and post-treatment. The RSE-S and EDI-2 ineffectiveness correlate highly with one another, which lends support to convergent validity, and the internal consistency was high for both the RSE-S and EDI-2 ineffectiveness. The results indicate that the treatment was effective, as both patients' self-esteem and BMI increased after completed treatment, which was the primary goal of the treatment at this ward. Future studies should focus on follow up and the way self-esteem manifests itself at different points in time within an individual.
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22.
  • Lilja, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Former patients' experience of psychiatric care: a qualitative investigation
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 17:4, s. 279-286
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study, 10 former patients' experiences of hospitalization are described using a qualitative approach. The informant group consisted of three men and seven women with different diagnoses and each with his or her individual experience of life as an inpatient. The aim of this study was to extend our understanding of former psychiatric inpatients' experience their time of admission to a psychiatric inpatients unit.   Data were collected and analysed using a content analysis approach. From the former patients' descriptions, the following five themes emerged: being seen as a disease, striving for a sense of control in an alienating and frightening context, succumbing to repressive care, meeting an omniscient master, and care as a light in the darkness. In conclusion, the experience of psychiatric inpatient care could be interpreted and understood from former patients' narratives as a struggle for dignity in the face of discrimination and rejection.
  •  
23.
  • Muir-Cochrane, Eimear, et al. (författare)
  • Investigation into the acceptability of door locking to staff, patients, and visitors on acute psychiatric wards
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 21:1, s. 41-49
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is disagreement among psychiatric professionals about whether the doors of acute psychiatric wards should be kept locked to prevent patients from leaving and harming themselves or others. This study explored patient, staff, and visitor perceptions about the acceptability of locking the ward door on acute psychiatric inpatient wards. Interviews were conducted with 14 registered nurses, 15 patients, and six visitors from three different acute wards. Findings revealed commonalities across all groups, with general agreement that locking the door reduced absconding. Staff expressed feelings of guilt, embarrassment, and fear of being blamed when a patient absconded. Staff also reported that open wards created anxious vigilance to prevent an abscond and increased workload in allocating staff to watch the door, whereas staff on partially-locked doors also perceived an increased workload in letting people in and out of the ward. Patients had mixed feelings about the status of the door, expressing depression, a sense of stigma, and low self-esteem when the door was locked. The issue of balancing safety and security on acute psychiatric wards against the autonomy of patients is not easily resolved, and requires focused research to develop innovative nursing practices.
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24.
  • Rusner, Marie, et al. (författare)
  • Towards a more liveable life for close relatives of individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 22:2, s. 162-169
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The life of close relatives of persons with bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with emotional distress, depression, and a high level of use of mental health care. Illness-related changes of their life situation endanger relationships, social life, finances, and occupational functioning. Understanding of facilitating conditions for close relatives is still a neglected research area. The aim of the present study thus was to explore what makes the life of close relatives of persons with BD more liveable. A lifeworld phenomenological approach was used. The findings reveal that keeping distance, having stability in everyday life, and strengthening equality through transparent communication are conditions that enable close relatives to influence the unpredictable and its consequences and thus make life more liveable. This implies contributions from close relatives, the person with BD, and the caring services. We propose that health-care support should not be divided in support for the patient and/or the close relatives but instead be designed as support for the ‘patient and close relatives’ as a unit. Professional caregivers need to take responsibility for creating intersubjective settings for the person with BD and their close relatives to share their needs and make joint plans for how to influence the illness-related life issues.
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25.
  • Rørtveit, Kristine, et al. (författare)
  • The feeling of being trapped in and ashamed of one's own body : A qualitative study of women who suffer from eating difficulties
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 18:2, s. 91-99
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to explore women's bodily experiences of suffering from eating difficulties (ED). The research question was: How do women who suffer from ED experience the bodily aspects related to their condition? Women suffering from ED experience problems in both the physical and emotional areas. Few qualitative studies have specifically addressed sufferers' bodily experiences related to ED. An explorative design was used. The data were collected by means of focus group interviews on the subject of ED-related problems, guilt and shame, and being a mother. The interpretation of the qualitative data was inspired by hermeneutic content analysis. The main theme, 'Powerful feelings of being trapped in and ashamed of one's own body', comprised two themes: 'The feeling of being trapped by overwhelming physical sensations' and 'The feeling of being ashamed of one's own body'. Bodily experiences were reported as strong. One clinical implication for nurses is to acknowledge this fact and make it possible for these women to articulate their difficulties, especially those connected to the feelings of being trapped and ashamed. Support groups focusing on these themes could be one way of assisting women and easing some of the negative feelings associated with ED.
  •  
26.
  • Rørtveit, Kristine, et al. (författare)
  • The meaning of guilt and shame : a qualitative study of mothers who suffer from eating difficulties
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 19:4, s. 231-239
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to illuminate and interpret guilt and shame expressed by mothers with eating difficulties (ED). The research question was: What is the meaning of guilt and shame experienced by mothers with ED? Experiences of guilt and shame in mothers with ED may be strong, yet concealed, and should be addressed when promoting women's mental health. The study design was explorative, and in-depth interviews were conducted with eight mothers suffering from ED. The data were analysed by means of qualitative content analysis and interpreted according to a hermeneutic approach. The main theme 'Struggling in silence with guilt and shame as a mother living with ED and trying to keep it secret' was interpreted on two levels: emotional, 'Feeling worried about failure and wanting to be successful', and cognitive, 'Having condemning thoughts about one's own sense of responsibility'. In addition, each theme contained two subthemes. Feelings and awareness of guilt and shame are strong; they vary between individuals and are intensified in mothers who suffer from ED. It is important for mental health nurses to help mothers with ED articulate such feelings in order to promote health.
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27.
  • Salzmann-Erikson, M., et al. (författare)
  • The core characteristics and nursing care activities in psychiatric intensive care units in Sweden
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - UK : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 17:2, s. 98-107
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Internationally, research on psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) commonly reports results from demographic studies such as criteria for admission, need for involuntary treatment, and the occurrence of violent behaviour. A few international studies describe the caring aspect of the PICUs based specifically on caregivers' experiences. The concept of PICU in Sweden is not clearly defined. The aim of this study is to describe the core characteristics of a PICU in Sweden and to describe the care activities provided for patients admitted to the PICUs. Critical incident technique was used as the research method. Eighteen caregivers at a PICU participated in the study by completing a semistructured questionnaire. In-depth interviews with three nurses and two assistant nurses also constitute the data. An analysis of the content identified four categories that characterize the core of PICU: the dramatic admission, protests and refusal of treatment, escalating behaviours, and temporarily coercive measure. Care activities for PICUs were also analysed and identified as controlling - establishing boundaries, protecting - warding off, supporting - giving intensive assistance, and structuring the environment. Finally, the discussion put focus on determining the intensive aspect of psychiatric care which has not been done in a Swedish perspective before. PICUs were interpreted as a level of care as it is composed by limited structures and closeness in care. © 2008 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.
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28.
  • Schröder, Agneta, et al. (författare)
  • Next of kin’s conceptions of the quality of care in the psychiatric setting : a phenomenographic study
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 16:5, s. 307-317
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The next of kin play a decisive role in the care provided for patients. This and their unique experience of psychiatric care make it important to include them when defining quality of care. The aim of the present study was to describe how next of kin perceive the concept of quality of care in the case of psychiatric care. Twelve next of kin were included in a qualitative interview study and a phenomenographic approach was used for the analysis of the interviews. The next of kin described quality of care mainly from their own perspective but also to a large extent from the patient's perspective as well. Five descriptive categories resulted: dignity, security, participation, recovery, and health-promoting surroundings. Good relations and communication between staff, patients, and next of kin emerged as the central factors regarding the quality of psychiatric care. The next of kin asked for information about psychiatric illnesses and wanted to cooperate in the care. They avoid telling others about their family member's psychiatric illness because of a feeling of shame and guilt. Staff education regarding such feelings and stigmatization could be useful in furthering the understanding of the next of kin's distress and developing interventions to alleviate it. Clinical practice can be improved by guidelines and instruments developed on the basis of this study.
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29.
  • Antonsson, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Struggling with unnecessary suffering : registered nurses' experiences of delayed decisions on treatment without consent in forensic psychiatric inpatient care
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 32:6, s. 1681-1690
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Chemical restraints are used in forensic psychiatric inpatient care, however with caution as it can feel like an assault against patients' integrity. When waiting for decisions on treatment without consent, nursing staff are expected to care for patients with severe mental ill-health without the use of medical treatment, often with a feeling of already having tried all other available means. Knowledge about how registered nurses experience such situations is sparse but could contribute to the development of both teamwork and nursing approaches that could mean reduced suffering for patients. The aim of this study was to describe registered nurses' experiences of delayed decisions on treatment without consent in forensic psychiatric inpatient care. Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted with registered nurses working in forensic psychiatric units in Sweden. Data were analysed through qualitative content analysis. The result showed that experiences of treatment without consent were about striving to protect patients from harm, striving for collaboration during difficult circumstances and striving to do good. This was interpreted as a struggle with unnecessary suffering. For registered nurses to be able to handle such challenging situations and relieve suffering for patients, experience and master-level education in mental health nursing are highlighted. Another aspect that is highlighted is the importance of having consultants familiar with the circumstances at the unit. A method for joint reflection is suggested, to promote an open-minded work culture with a well-functioning decision-making process and ensure that both consultants and nursing staff have support.
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30.
  • Bengtsson Tops, Anita, et al. (författare)
  • Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness : a paradoxical everyday life
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 23:5, s. 409-418
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Since the closure of large psychiatric institutions, various types of community-based supportive housing for people with serious mental illness (SMI) have been developed. There is currently limited knowledge about users' experiences of living in supportive housing. The aim of the present study was to describe user experiences of living in supportive housing for people with SMI. Twenty-nine people living in such facilities participated in open, qualitative interviews. Data were subjected to latent content analysis. Three main themes emerged from this analysis: (i) having a nest, which included the subthemes of a place to rest and having someone to attach to; (ii) being part of a group, with the subthemes of being brought together and a community spirit; and (iii) leading an oppressive life, including the subthemes of questioning one's identity, sense of inequality, and a life of gloom. It could be concluded that user experiences of living in supportive housing are complex and paradoxical. In order to provide supportive housing, staff need to recognize and work within social group processes, and perform continual and structural evaluations of users' social and emotional needs.
  •  
31.
  • Bengtsson Tops, Anita, et al. (författare)
  • Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness : a paradoxical everyday life
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1445-8330 .- 1440-0979 .- 1447-0349. ; 23:5, s. 409-418
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Since the closure of large psychiatric institutions, various types of community-based supportive housing for people with serious mental illness (SMI) have been developed. There is currently limited knowledge about users' experiences of living in supportive housing. The aim of the present study was to describe user experiences of living in supportive housing for people with SMI. Twenty-nine people living in such facilities participated in open, qualitative interviews. Data were subjected to latent content analysis. Three main themes emerged from this analysis: (i) having a nest, which included the subthemes of a place to rest and having someone to attach to; (ii) being part of a group, with the subthemes of being brought together and a community spirit; and (iii) leading an oppressive life, including the subthemes of questioning one's identity, sense of inequality, and a life of gloom. It could be concluded that user experiences of living in supportive housing are complex and paradoxical. In order to provide supportive housing, staff need to recognize and work within social group processes, and perform continual and structural evaluations of users' social and emotional needs.
  •  
32.
  •  
33.
  • Björkdahl, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Barriers and enablers to the implementation of Safewards and the alignment to the i-PARIHS framework : A qualitative systematic review
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Richmond, VIC : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 33:1, s. 18-36
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Inpatient mental healthcare settings should offer safe environments for patients to heal and recover and for staff to provide high-quality treatment and care. However, aggressive patient behaviour, unengaged staff approaches, and the use of restrictive practices are frequently reported. The Safewards model includes ten interventions that aim to prevent conflict and containment. The model has shown promising results but at the same time often presents challenges to successful implementation strategies. The aim of this study was to review qualitative knowledge on staff experiences of barriers and enablers to the implementation of Safewards, from the perspective of implementation science and the i-PARIHS framework. A search of the Web of Science, ASSIA, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases resulted in 10 articles. A deductive framework analysis approach was used to identify barriers and enablers and the alignment to the i-PARIHS. Data most represented by the i-PARIHS were related to the following: local-level formal and informal leadership support, innovation degree of fit with existing practice and values, and recipients' values and beliefs. This indicates that if a ward or organization wants to implement Safewards and direct limited resources to only a few implementation determinants, these three may be worth considering. Data representing levels of external health system and organizational contexts were rare. In contrast, data relating to local (ward)-level contexts was highly represented which may reflect Safewards's focus on quality improvement strategies on a local rather than organizational level.
  •  
34.
  • Björkdahl, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Sensory rooms in psychiatric inpatient care : Staff experiences.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 25:5, s. 472-479
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is an increased interest in exploring the use of sensory rooms in psychiatric inpatient care. Sensory rooms can provide stimulation via sight, smell, hearing, touch and taste in a demand-free environment that is controlled by the patient. The rooms may reduce patients' distress and agitation, as well as rates of seclusion and restraint. Successful implementation of sensory rooms is influenced by the attitudes and approach of staff. This paper presents a study of the experiences of 126 staff members who worked with sensory rooms in a Swedish inpatient psychiatry setting. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was used. Data were collected by a web based self-report 12-item questionnaire that included both open- and closed-ended questions. Our findings strengthen the results of previous research in this area in many ways. Content analyses revealed three main categories: hopes and concerns, focusing on patients' self-care, and the room as a sanctuary. Although staff initially described both negative and positive expectations of sensory rooms, after working with the rooms, there was a strong emphasis on more positive experiences, such as letting go of control and observing an increase in patients' self-confidence, emotional self-care and well-being. Our findings support the important principals of person-centred nursing and recovery-oriented mental health and the ability of staff to implement these principles by working with sensory rooms.
  •  
35.
  • Björkman, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • When all other doors are closed : Telenurses' experiences of encountering care seekers with mental illnesses.
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:5, s. 1392-1400
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the study was to describe the telephone nurses' experiences of encountering callers with mental illnesses. Telenursing services are solely staffed with telenurses, who with the support of a decision support system (CDSS) independently triage callers based on the severity of the main symptoms presented by the care seeker. The system focuses on somatic symptoms, while information regarding mental health and mental illnesses is limited. Information about telenurses' experiences of encountering care seekers with mental illnesses is scarce, despite the increase in mental illnesses in the population. The study used a descriptive design with a qualitative approach. Twenty telenurses were interviewed, and the data were then analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis. The results are elaborated in the following three categories: (i) Experiences of encountering care seekers with mental illnesses; (ii) Experiences of facing difficulties and challenges; and (iii) Experiences of facing dissatisfaction and threats. Encountering care seekers with mental illnesses is metaphorically addressed as 'when all other doors are closed'. Encountering care seekers with mental illnesses was perceived as time-consuming and did not adequately correspond to the resources given by the service. Even though telenurses strive to achieve agreement, there is a collision between human needs and organizational structures. The study pinpoints the lack of resources for and education about mental illnesses and the limitations of the decision system, which needs to be updated in order to provide all care seekers care on equal terms.
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36.
  • Blomqvist, Marjut, 1966-, et al. (författare)
  • Enabling healthy living : Experiences of people with severe mental illness in psychiatric outpatient services
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Richmond, VIC : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:1, s. 236-246
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It is well known that people with severe mental illness have a reduced life expectancy and a greater risk of being affected by preventable physical illnesses such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. There are still, however, only a few published studies focusing on what enables healthy living for this group. This study thus aimed to describe what enables healthy living among people with severe mental illness in psychiatric outpatient services. The data were collected in qualitative interviews (n=16) and content analysis was used to analyze the data. The interviews resulted in an overall theme Being regarded as a whole human being by self and others, which showed the multidimensional nature of health and the issues that enable healthy living among people with severe mental illness. Three categories emerged: (i) everyday structure (ii), motivating life events and (iii) support from significant others. The results indicate that a person with severe mental illness needs to be encountered as a whole person if healthy living is to be enabled. Attaining healthy living requires collaboration between the providers of care, help and support. Health care organizations need to work together to develop and provide interventions to enable healthy living and to reduce poor physical health among people with severe mental illness.
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37.
  • Debyser, Bart, et al. (författare)
  • Mental health nurses and mental health peer workers : Self-perceptions of role-related clinical competences
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:3, s. 987-1001
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In a mental healthcare that embraces a recovery-oriented practice, the employment of mental health peer workers is encouraged. Although peer workers are increasingly working together with nurses, there is a lack of research that explores how nurses and peer workers perceive their role-related competences in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to clarify and understand these self-perceptions in order to identify the specificity and potential complementarity of both roles. This insight is needed to underpin a successful partnership between both vocations. A qualitative descriptive research design based on principles of critical incident methodology was used. Twelve nurses and eight peer workers from different mental healthcare organizations participated. A total of 132 reported cases were analysed. Rigour was achieved through thick description, audit trail, investigator triangulation and peer review. Nurses relate their role-related competences predominantly with being compliant with instructions, being a team player and ensuring security and control. Peer workers relate their role-related competences with being able to maintain themselves as a peer worker, building up a relationship that is supportive for both the patient and themselves, and to utilize their lived experience. Both nurses and peer workers assign a major role to the team in determining their satisfaction with their competences. Consequently, what is perceived as important for the team appears to overshadow their self-assessment of competences. The findings highlighted the importance of paying more attention to identity construction, empowerment and role competence development of nurses and peer workers in their respective education and ongoing training.
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38.
  • Debyser, Bart, et al. (författare)
  • The transition from patient to mental health peer worker : A grounded theory approach
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 28:2, s. 560-571
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Peer workers are increasingly being engaged in contemporary mental healthcare. To become a peer worker, patients must evolve from having a patient identity to a peer worker identity. This study aims to understand how mental health peer workers experience their transition and how it affects their view of themselves and their direct working context. A grounded theory approach was used. Seventeen mental health peer workers in Belgium were recruited through theoretical sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed according to the constant comparative method. The results indicate that novice peer workers experience peer work as an opportunity to liberate themselves from the process of mental suffering and realise an acceptable form of personal self-maintenance. As peer workers become more experienced, they are confronted with external factors that influence their self-maintenance and personal development. Experiencing clarity in their duties and responsibilities, equality, and transparency in the workplace reinforce their experience of self-maintenance and positively influence their self-development. Experiencing a lack of clarity in their duties and responsibilities, inequality, and lack of openness discourage peer workers' self-development process. These experiences challenge their personal motivations to become peer workers, which are usually linked to building a meaningful life for themselves. The insights can encourage organisations to build up a supportive environment collaboratively with peer workers and ensure that peer workers can exert their authentically unique role in mental healthcare.
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39.
  • Del Pino-Gutiérrez, Amparo, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of alcohol consumption on clinical aspects of gambling disorder.
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1447-0349 .- 1445-8330. ; 26:2, s. 121-128
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Similarities between gambling disorder and substance use disorders have been extensively described. To date, however, few studies using large clinical samples have been carried out that reliably assess the relationship between different levels of alcohol consumption and gambling disorders. The present study aimed to assess the impact of baseline alcohol consumption levels on the clinical profile in a large sample of treatment-seeking individuals. Nine hundred and fifty-one consecutive outpatients diagnosed with gambling disorder according to DSM-IV criteria were compared after being included in three alcohol consumption groups (low risk, abuse and risk of dependence) based on their total raw scores on the AUDIT questionnaire. Results showed a high prevalence of risk of alcohol dependence in GD patients who were immigrants, unemployed, and had a low level of education. A positive linear trend was also found between alcohol consumption level and the prevalence of other current and life-time comorbid mental disorders, and for the presence of drug abuse. Statistically significant differences were found between the three alcohol consumption groups in terms of the evolution and severity of the gambling disorder, self-directedness personality trait, and levels of general psychopathology, hostility and paranoid ideation. In conclusion, the results showed an association between increased alcohol consumption and greater dysfunction.
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40.
  • Derblom, Katharina, et al. (författare)
  • ‘Acknowledge me as a capable person’ : How people with mental ill health describe their experiences with general emergency care staff – A qualitative interview study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 30:6, s. 1539-1549
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • People with mental ill health attend general emergency care more often than others for physical and psychiatric care needs. Staff in general emergency care report they lack knowledge and strategies to meet with and care for people with mental ill health. This study aimed to describe how people with mental ill health experience encounters with staff in general emergency care. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 11 people with mental ill health about their experiences in general emergency care and subjected the interview data to qualitative content analysis. Our results show the importance to people with mental ill health of being acknowledged as capable persons, and how this relates to their experiences of being recognized, ignored, or dismissed by staff in general emergency care. Even small, ordinary aspects of staff/patient interactions can have major impacts on a person’s recovery and well-being. The study is reported according to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines.
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41.
  • Desmet, Karel, et al. (författare)
  • The development and psychometric evaluation of the Mental Health Nurse-Sensitive Patient Outcome-Scale (MH-NURSE-POS) for inpatient psychiatric hospital settings
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 30:4, s. 988-1000
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Mental health nurses are struggling to describe their nursing identity as professional discipline in a changing mental health care. Measuring nurse-sensitive patient outcomes and demonstrating nursing's effect(s) experienced by patients contribute to (re)discover the specific nursing identity. However, a valid and reliable scale is currently lacking. The aim of this study was the development and psychometric evaluation of the Mental Health Nurse-Sensitive Patient Outcome Scale (MH-NURSE-POS) for inpatient psychiatric hospital settings. This three-staged study resulted in a scale capturing how inpatients experience the contribution of nurses in their treatment in psychiatric hospitals. First, a draft questionnaire was developed based on a literature review, an independent expert's advice, and an experts panel. Second, the content validity was tested in a two-round Delphi-procedure and focus groups with patients. A pilot test, based on cognitive interviews, confirmed the feasibility of the questionnaire. Third, the psychometric properties of the mental health nurse-sensitive patient outcomes were determined in a sample of 353 patients. The cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of five psychiatric hospitals (Belgium). The factor structure (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy 0.924; Bartlett's test of sphericity χ2 = 4162.537; df = 231; P < 0.001), convergent validity by the Individualized Care Scale (Pearson correlation 0.660; P < 0.001), and reliability (Cronbach's Alpha 0.854) were evaluated. The factor analysis resulted in a four-factor solution representing growth, expression, control, and motivation. The Mental Health Nurse-Sensitive Patient Outcome Scale is a valid and reliable tool to measure the effectiveness of mental health nurses from the patient perspective. 
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42.
  • Doyle, Louise, et al. (författare)
  • Preparing master-level mental health nurses to work within a wellness paradigm : Findings from the eMenthe project
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Richmond, VIC : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:2, s. 823-832
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Mental health promotion remains an important component of mental health nursing practice. Supporting wellness at both the individual and societal levels has been identified as one of the key tenets of mental health promotion. However, the prevailing biomedical paradigm of mental health education and practice has meant that many nurses have not been equipped to incorporate a wellness perspective into their mental health practice. In the present study, we report on an exploratory study which details the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required by master-level mental health nurses to practice within a wellness paradigm from the perspective of three groups of key stakeholders: (i) service users and family members (n = 23); (ii) experienced mental health nurses (n = 49); and (iii) master-level mental health nursing students (n = 37). The findings, which were reported from individual and focus group interviews across five European countries, suggested a need to reorientate mental health nursing education to include a focus on wellness and resilience to equip mental health nurses with the skills to work within a strengths-based, rather than a deficits-based, model of mental health practice. Key challenges to working within a wellness paradigm were identified as the prevailing dominance of the biomedical model of cause and treatment of mental health problems, which focusses on symptoms, rather than the holistic functioning of the individual, and positions the person as passive in the nurse-service user relationship. © 2017 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.
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43.
  • Eckerström, Joachim, et al. (författare)
  • Brief admission for patients with emotional instability and self-harm : A qualitative analysis of patients' experiences during crisis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 29:5, s. 962-971
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous studies report that individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder have been met by negative attitudes from healthcare professionals and their care needs have often been neglected during hospitalizations. When symptoms of emotional instability are combined with self-harm, the resulting crisis often becomes difficult to handle for patients and healthcare professionals. To meet their care needs during these crises, an intervention called 'brief admission' (BA) has been developed. The purpose of BA is to provide a timeout, in situations of increased stress and threat, in order to foster self-management in a safe environment. In the present study, we explored the following research questions: What are patients' experiences with BA? What do patients consider to be the key components of BA? What improvements are considered relevant by patients? A qualitative design was employed, and 15 patients (13 females, 2 males; mean age 38.5 ± 12.9, range 20-67 years) were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analyses were performed, which yielded four themes related to the patients' experiences: 'a timeout when life is tough', 'it is comforting to know that help exists', 'encouraged to take personal responsibility', and 'it is helpful to see the problems from a different perspective'. Four themes also described the key components: 'a clear treatment plan', 'a smooth admission procedure', 'a friendly and welcoming approach from the staff', and 'daily conversations'. Lastly, three themes described areas for improvements: 'feeling guilty about seeking BA', 'room occupancy issues', and 'differences in staff's competence'. Collectively, the findings indicate that BA constructively supports patients with emotional instability and self-harm during a period of crisis.
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44.
  •  
45.
  • Folke, Fredrik, et al. (författare)
  • Exploring the relationship between activities and emotional experience using a diary in a mental health inpatient setting
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:1, s. 276-286
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Mental health inpatient milieus have repeatedly been found to be associated with passivity, social disengagement, and low levels of interaction with staff. However, little is known about patients' experiences related to different ward activities. In the present study, we aimed to study the reports of activities and associated experiences of patients admitted to acute psychiatric inpatient wards. Disengaged, inactive, and solitary activities were hypothesized to be associated with less reward and more distress than their counterparts. We also aimed to investigate if such activities predicted distress, and if they were associated with clinical severity. Participants (n = 102) recorded their activities along with concurrent ratings of reward and distress in a structured 1-day diary, and nurses provided clinical severity ratings. On average, 3.74 of the 11 hours assessed (34%) were spent doing nothing, only 0.88 hours (8%) were spent with staff, and most of the time was spent in solitude. Doing nothing, being alone, and passivity were associated with the greatest levels of distress and lowest levels of reward, whereas informal socializing demonstrated the opposite pattern. Distress was not predicted by activity or reward when adjusting for baseline distress. Clinical severity was not associated with the amount of time spent alone or the experience of reward during activity. In conclusion, the risk for passivity and social disengagement during admission prevails. This activity pattern could have detrimental emotional consequences and warrants action, but more studies are needed to determine if activity actually precedes emotional experience.
  •  
46.
  • Gabrielsson, Sebastian, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Learning your limits : Nurses’ experiences of caring for young unaccompanied refugees in acute psychiatric care
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 31:2, s. 369-378
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Young unaccompanied refugees come in contact with acute psychiatric care due to pre-existing mental health conditions as well as stressful and traumatic experiences before, during and after migration. Previous research on nurses’ experiences of caring for refugees has primarily reported on difficulties related to cultural differences and communication and how nurses might distrust refugees. This study aimed to describe registered nurses’ experiences of caring for young unaccompanied refugees in acute psychiatric care. Semi-structured interviews with ten nurses were analysed using a method for qualitative content analysis. Data were collected in Sweden during 2019 and 2020. Results describe nurses’ experiences caring for young unaccompanied refugees in acute psychiatric care in one theme: learning your limits, and three sub-themes: feeling powerless but doing what you can; taking a stance in a politicized environment; being frustrated and in need of support. Findings highlight the potential and limitations of mental health nursing, the importance of reflection and peer support and the importance of viewing the roles and responsibilities of mental health nurses and nursing in a societal context. These findings suggest that nurses can make a difference for young unaccompanied refugees in acute psychiatric care. However, in doing so, nurses need support in realizing what they can and cannot achieve. The study is reported in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.
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47.
  • Gabrielsson, Sebastian, et al. (författare)
  • Taking personal responsibility : Nurses’ and assistant nurses’ experiences of good nursing practice in psychiatric inpatient care
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 25:5, s. 434-443
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Therapeutic nurse–patient relationships are considered essential for good nursing practice in psychiatric inpatient care. Previous research suggests that inpatient care fails to fulfil patients' expectations in this regard, and that nurses might experience the reality of inpatient care as an obstruction. The aim of the present study was to explore nurses' and assistant nurses' experiences of good nursing practice in the specific context of psychiatric inpatient care. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 skilled, relationship-oriented nurses and assistant nurses in order to explore their experiences with nursing practice related to psychiatric inpatient care. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using an interpretive descriptive approach. Findings describe good nursing practice as a matter of nurses and assistant nurses taking personal responsibility for their actions and for the individual patient as a person. Difficulties in providing dignified nursing care and taking personal responsibility cause them to experience feelings of distress and frustration. Shared values and nursing leadership supports being moral and treating patients with respect, having enough time supports being present and connecting with patients, and working as a part of a competent team with critical daily discussions and diversity supports being confident and building trust. The findings suggest that taking personal responsibility is integral to good nursing practice. If unable to improve poor circumstances, nurses might be forced to promote their own survival by refuting or redefining their responsibility. Nurses need to prioritize being with patients and gain support in shaping their own nursing practice. Nursing leadership should provide moral direction and defend humanistic values.
  •  
48.
  • Gabrielsson, Sebastian, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • When the time is right: Men's experiences of recovery in self-harm
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous research has mainly focused on self-harm among women, defining what it is, what functions it has, how to manage and prevent self-harm, and how to recover from it. A recent review of the literature on self-harm among men concluded that research need to consider both clinical and personal aspects of recovery and pointed out the need to explore recovery from men's point of view. This study aimed to describe men's experiences of recovery in self-harm. Data were collected in Sweden in 2020 using semi-structured interviews. Eleven men who had recovered in self-harm were interviewed. Interviews were analysed using an abductive approach to qualitative content analysis. The analysis involved the application of an established framework for personal recovery in mental illness: connectedness, hope, identity, meaning, and empowerment (CHIME). The analysis identified one main theme: when the time is right, and five sub-themes: finding support in others; trusting that change is possible; getting to know yourself; reaching a new understanding; and developing new strategies to manage life. While the cessation of self-harm might both be a sign of and contribute to recovery, it is not the defining feature of recovery. Mental health professionals should be persistent in providing person-centred, recovery-oriented care for men who self-harm. The CHIME framework can be applied in the context of men's recovery in self-harm. This study is reported in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.
  •  
49.
  • Hedlund Lindberg, Mathilde, et al. (författare)
  • The experiences of patients in using sensory rooms in psychiatric inpatient care
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 28:4, s. 930-939
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The use of sensory rooms and similar sensory approaches in psychiatric inpatient settings is becoming increasingly common. In sensory rooms, patients can choose different sensory stimulating items that may help regulate distress and enhance well-being. Outcomes are often measured as effects on patients' self-rated distress and rates of seclusion and restraint. The subjective experiences of patients using sensory rooms have been less explored. This paper presents a qualitative study of the experiences of 28 patients who chose to use sensory rooms on seven different types of psychiatric inpatient wards. Data were collected by individual patient interviews and by texts written by patients. A qualitative content analysis resulted in four categories: emotional calm, bodily calm, empowerment, and unexpected effects. A majority of the participants described several positive experiences, such as enhanced well-being, reduced anxiety, increased self-management, and enhanced self-esteem. Our findings align with previous research that has shown similar positive patient experiences, and support the use of sensory rooms as part of person-centred care.
  •  
50.
  • Holmberg, Christopher, 1984, et al. (författare)
  • Job satisfaction among Swedish mental health nursing personnel: Revisiting the two-factor theory
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 27:2, s. 581-592
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Swedish mental health-care services are experiencing a critical shortage of nursing personnel. Researchers suggest that this shortage is due to low levels of job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is frequently studied with the assistance of Herzberg's two-factor theory, and this theory has foremost been explored with studies using quantitative methods. The purpose of the present study was to provide a better understanding of Herzberg's theory in relation to job satisfaction among Swedish mental health nursing personnel within inpatient psychiatric care while using qualitative methodology. This explorative study was based on semistructured interviews with 25 nursing personnel. Qualitative content analysis of interview transcripts identified three main categories: (i) respondents' perception of their work duties, which was perceived as important, meaningful, and demanding; (ii) respondents' relations with colleagues and supervisors, which provided valuable support in everyday work; and (iii) the way the respondents experienced their professional role as mental health nurses, which was described as unclear and vague. Job satisfaction primarily stemmed from working for patients and with other professionals, but their perceived limited progression of responsibilities discouraged a career in the profession. Herzberg's theory proved useful in exploring job satisfaction in this setting, but the findings partly contradict the basic tenets of the theory. Career advancements and incentives, such as salary and compensation, were perceived as lacking, which negatively influenced job satisfaction. Ward managers should establish clinical ladder programmes to recognize and motivate the continuing professional development of nurses. This needs to be coupled with monetary incentives, and linked with increased clinical authority.
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