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| 4. |
- Barro, Lassina, et al.
(författare)
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Nanofiltration of growth media supplemented with human platelet lysates for pathogen-safe xeno-free expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 22:8, s. 458-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims: Human platelet lysate can replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) for xeno-free ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but pooling of platelet concentrates (PCs) increases risks of pathogen transmission. We evaluated the feasibility of performing nanofiltration of platelet lysates and determined the impact on expansion of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Methods: Platelet lysates were prepared by freeze-thawing of pathogen-reduced (Intercept) PCs suspended in 65% storage solution (SPP+) and 35% plasma, and by serum-conversion of PCs suspended in 100% plasma. Lysates were added to the MSC growth media at 10% (v/v), filtered and subjected to cascade nanofiltration on 35- and 19-nm Planova filters. Media supplemented with 10% starting platelet lysates or FBS were used as the controls. Impacts of nanofiltration on the growth media composition, removal of platelet extracellular vesicles (PEVs) and MSC expansion were evaluated. Results: Nanofiltration did not detrimentally affect contents of total protein and growth factors or the biochemical composition. The clearance factor of PEVs was >3 log values. Expansion, proliferation, membranemarkers, differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties of cells in nanofiltered media were consistently better than those expanded in FBS-supplemented media. Compared with FBS, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis genes were expressed more in nanofiltered media, and there were fewer senescent cells over six passages. Conclusions: Nanofiltration of growth media supplemented with two types of platelet lysates, including one prepared from pathogen-reduced PCs, is technically feasible. These data support the possibility of developing pathogen-reduced xeno-free growth media for clinical-grade propagation of human cells.
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| 5. |
- Barro, Lassina, et al.
(författare)
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Removal of minute virus of mice-mock virus particles by nanofiltration of culture growth medium supplemented with 10% human platelet lysate
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 23:10, s. 902-907
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Declaration of Competing Interest NW and MT are employees of Asahi Kasei Medical. TB is the treasurer of the Working Party on Cellular Therapies of the International Society of Blood Transfusion. Funding This study was partially funded by Asahi Kasei Medical, Tokyo, Japan, through a research agreement with Taipei Medical University. The sponsor played no role in data collection, analysis or interpretation; manuscript writing; or the decision to submit the article for publication. Author Contributions Conception and design of the study: TB, NK, MT, FK. Acquisition of data: LB, ON, LD, YWW. Analysis and interpretation of data: LB, ON, LD, YWW, NK, MT, TB. Drafting or revising the manuscript: LB, TB, FK, NK, MT. All authors have approved the final article. Acknowledgments The authors thank the Uppsala University blood bank, Uppsala, Sweden, and Taipei Blood Center, Guandu, Taiwan, for supplying platelet concentrates.
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| 6. |
- Begum, Setara, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and engraftment of long-term serum-free human fetal liver cell cultures.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 12:2, s. 201-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AIMS: Cultured human hepatocytes have extensive diagnostic and clinical applications. However, the setting-up of new in vitro culture techniques allowing the long-term survival and functional maintenance of adult human hepatocytes represents a formidable challenge. Fetal liver cells (FLC) are attractive candidate donor cells because of their high proliferative capacity. METHODS: Using cell culture and molecular techniques, we studied the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of FLC grown long-term in serum-free conditions. RESULTS: Serum-free FLC obtained from 6-10-week-old human fetal livers grew as multiple clusters in suspension and could be subcultured for at least six passages. These cells maintained stable hepatocyte phenotypes and gene expression patterns in culture for up to 6 months. When a cluster of these cells in various passages was placed on collagen-coated plates, they formed a monolayer and morphologically resembled hepatocytes. The cells expressed alpha -fetoprotein, cytokeratin (CK) 8, CK18 and CK19 and albumin (ALB). Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha and 1beta and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and CYP3A7 mRNA expression was demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cells at different passages, when transplanted into nude mice with liver injury, engrafted successfully, as detected by in situ hybridization using a human-specific DNA probe. Colonies of human-specific CK8, CK18, c-Met nuclear antigen (Ag), mitochondrial Ag, hepatocyte-specific Ag and ALB-expressing cells were present in the livers of recipient animals. CONCLUSIONS: Primary human FLC can be kept in culture consistently over a long time period and are potential candidates for cell therapy and in vitro diagnostics.
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| 7. |
- Beljanski, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
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Pleiotropic roles of autophagy in stem cell-based therapies
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 21:4, s. 380-392
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stem cells (SCs) have been proven to possess regenerative and immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat diseases that involve loss of cells due to tissue damage or inflammation. For this approach to succeed, SCs or their derivatives should be able to engraft in the target tissue at least for a short period of time. Unfortunately, once injected, therapeutic SCs will encounter a hostile environment, including hypoxia, lack of nutrients and stromal support, and cells may also be targeted and rejected by the immune system. Therefore, SC's stress-response mechanisms likely play a significant role in survival of injected cells and possibly contribute to their therapeutic efficacy. Autphagy, a stress-response pathway, is involved in many different cellular processes, such as survival during hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, cellular differentiation and de-differentiation, and it can also contribute to their immunovisibility by regulating antigen presentation and cytokine secretion. Autophagy machinery interacts with many proteins and signaling pathways that regulate SC properties, including PI3K/Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Wnt, Hedgehog and Notch, and it is also involved in regulating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In this review, we contend that autophagy is an important therapeutic target that can be used to improve the outcome of SC-based tissue repair and regeneration. Further research should reveal whether inhibition or stimulation of autophagy increases the therapeutic utility of SCs and it should also identify appropriate therapeutic regimens that can be applied in the clinic.
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| 10. |
- Brohlin, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a defined xeno-free medium on the growth and neurotrophic and angiogenic properties of human adult stem cells
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 19:5, s. 629-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The growth properties and neurotrophic and angiogenic effects of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) cultured in a defined xeno-free, serum-free medium (MesenCult-XF) were investigated. Methods. Human MSCs from adipose tissue (ASCs) and bone marrow (BMSCs) were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium-alpha (alpha-MEM) containing fetal calf serum or in MesenCult-XF. Proliferation was measured over 10 passages and the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay and expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) surface markers were determined. Neurite outgrowth and angiogenic activity of the MSCs were determined. Results. At early passage, both ASCs and BMSCs showed better proliferation in MesenCult-XF compared with standard a-MEM containing serum. However, CFUs were significantly lower in MesenCult-XF. ASCs cultured in MesenCult-XF continued to expand at faster rates than cells grown in serum. BMSCs showed morphological changes at late passage in MesenCult-XF and stained positive for senescence beta-galactosidase activity. Expression levels of CD73 and CD90 were similar in both cell types under the various culture conditions but CD105 was significantly reduced at passage 10 in MesenCult-XF. In vitro stimulation of the cells enhanced the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-1. Stimulated ASCs grown in MesenCult-XF evoked the longest neurite outgrowth in a neuron co-culture model. Stimulated BMSCs grown in MesenCult-XF produced the most extensive network of capillary-like tube structures in an in vitro angiogenesis assay. Conclusions. ASCs and BMSCs exhibit high levels of neurotrophic and angiogenic activity when grown in the defined serum free medium indicating their suitability for treatment of various neurological conditions. However, long-term expansion in MesenCult-XF might be restricted to ASCs.
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| 16. |
- Grisendi, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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GMP-manufactured density gradient media for optimized mesenchymal stromal/stem cell isolation and expansion
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 12:4, s. 466-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AIMS: Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) are therapeutic tools in regenerative medicine and oncology. MSC isolation is often performed starting from a separation step based on research-grade 1.077 g/mL density gradient media (DGM). However, MSC clinical application should require the introduction of good manufacturing practice (GMP) reagents. We took advantage of two novel GMP DGM with densities of 1.077 and 1.073 g/mL (Ficoll-Paque PREMIUM and Ficoll-Paque PREMIUM 1.073, respectively) to test whether these reagents could isolate MSC efficiently while simultaneously comparing their performance. METHODS: BM samples were processed using either 1.077 or 1.073 g/mL GMP DGM. BM mononucleated cell (MNC) fractions were analyzed for viability, immunophenotype, clonogenic potential, ex vivo expansion and differentiation potential. RESULTS: No differences were noticed in cell recovery and viability between the groups. Fluorescence-activated cell-sorting (FACS) analyzes on freshly isolated cells indicated that the 1.073 g/mL GMP DGM more efficiently depleted the CD45(+) fraction in comparison with 1.077 GMP DGM. Moreover, in the 1.073 group, fibroblastic colony-forming units (CFU-F) were 1.5 times higher and the final MSC yield 1.8 times increased after four passages. Both reagents isolated MSC with the expected phenotype; however, 1.073-isolated MSC showed a higher expression of CD90, CD146 and GD2. Additionally, MSC from both groups were capable of fully differentiating into bone, adipose cells and cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: Both GMP DGM enriched MSC from BM samples, suggesting that these reagents would be suitable for clinical-grade expansions. In addition, the density of 1.073 g/mL provides a significant advantage over 1.077 g/mL GMP DGM, impacting the quantity of MSC obtained and reducing the ex vivo expansion time for optimized cell-based clinical applications.
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| 17. |
- Götherström, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal and adult multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells are killed by different pathways
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 13:3, s. 269-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), can be isolated from adult and fetal tissues. Recently, there has been considerable interest in MSC because they have features favorable for transplantation, namely their multipotency and non-immunogenic properties. Methods. We analyzed how human MSC derived from first-trimester fetal liver and adult bone marrow interact with naive and activated innate natural killer (NK) cells. NK cell function was studied by measuring killing of MSC, as well as degranulation (CD107a) induced by MSC. To assess the importance of NK cell killing, expression of surface epitopes was analyzed by flow cytometry on MSC before and after stimulation with interferon (IFN)gamma gamma. Results. Fetal and adult MSC express several ligands to activating NK cell receptors as well as low levels of HLA class I, with large inter-individual variation. Naive peripheral blood NK cells did not lyse fetal or adult MSC, whereas interleukin (IL)2 activated allogeneic as well as autologous NK cells did. Pre-incubation of MSC with IFN-gamma gamma increased their levels of HLA class I, protecting them from NK cell recognition. Fetal and adult MSC were preferably killed via the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Fas ligand (FasL) pathways, respectively. Blocking NKG2D reduced NK cell degranulation in both fetal and adult MSC. Conclusions. Fetal and adult MSC differ in their interactions with NK cells. Both fetal and adult MSC are susceptible to lysis by activated NK cells, which may have implications for the use of MSC in cell therapy.
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| 19. |
- Hulspas, Ruud, et al.
(författare)
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Purification of regulatory T cells with the use of a fully enclosed high-speed microfluidic system
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 16:10, s. 1384-1389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Despite promising advances in cellular therapies, it will be difficult to fully test or implement new therapies until advances are made in the processes for cell preparation. This study describes the use of an advanced prototype of a flow-cytometry cell purification system constructed for operation in a clinical environment to prepare regulatory T cells defined as CD4(+)/CD25(bright)/CD127(neg/low). Methods. The sort performance of the Gigasort system was directly compared with available droplet sorters using mixtures of highly fluorescent and non-fluorescent 5-mu m polystyrene particles. CD4(+)-enriched cell preparations were processed with the use of a sterile, disposable fluid handling unit with a chip containing parallel microfluidic-based sorters. Results. Similar purity and sort efficiency as found with droplet sorters were obtained with the 24-channel chip sorter system. Starting with 450 million fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells, 150,000 to 1.7 million cells that were, on average, 85% FoxP3-positive and 97% viable, were obtained in <4 h. Conclusions. This study presents a technology adapted to regulatory requirements for clinical cell purification and that achieves high throughput and cell-friendly conditions by use of a microfluidic chip with 24 parallel microsorters, providing a rapid, sterile method of purifying regulatory T cells accurately and with excellent viability.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Joshi, Meghnad, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal liver-derived mesenchymal stromal cells augment engraftment of transplanted hepatocytes.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 14:6, s. 657-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One important problem commonly encountered after hepatocyte transplantation is the low numbers of transplanted cells found in the graft. If hepatocyte transplantation is to be a viable therapeutic approach, significant liver parenchyma repopulation is required. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) produce high levels of various growth factors, cytokines and metalloproteinases, and have immunomodulatory effects. We therefore hypothesized that co-transplantation of MSC with human fetal hepatocytes (hFH) could augment in vivo expansion after transplantation. We investigated the ability of human fetal liver MSC (hFLMSC) to augment expansion of phenotypically and functionally well-characterized hFH.
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| 22. |
- Kaartinen, Tanja, et al.
(författare)
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Low interleukin-2 concentration favors generation of early memory T cells over effector phenotypes during chimeric antigen receptor T-cell expansion
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 19:6, s. 689-702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Adoptive T-cell therapy offers new options for cancer treatment. Clinical results suggest that T-cell persistence, depending on T-cell memory, improves efficacy. The use of interleukin (IL)-2 for in vitro T-cell expansion is not straightforward because it drives effector T-cell differentiation but does not promote the formation of T-cell memory. We have developed a cost-effective expansion protocol for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells with an early memory phenotype.Methods. Lymphocytes were transduced with third-generation lentiviral vectors and expanded using CD3/CD28 microbeads. The effects of altering the IL-2 supplementation (0-300 IU/mL) and length of expansion (10-20 days) on the phenotype of the T-cell products were analyzed.Results. High IL-2 levels led to a decrease in overall generation of early memory T cells by both decreasing central memory T cells and augmenting effectors. T memory stem cells (T-SCM, CD95(+)CD45RO(-)CD45RA(+)CD27(+)) were present variably during T-cell expansion. However, their presence was not IL-2 dependent but was linked to expansion kinetics. CD19-CART cells generated in these conditions displayed in vitro antileukemic activity. In summary, production of CART cells without any cytokine supplementation yielded the highest proportion of early memory T cells, provided a 10 fold cell expansion and the cells were functionally potent.Discussion. The number of early memory T cells in a T-cell preparation can be increased by simply reducing the amount of IL-2 and limiting the length of T-cell expansion, providing cells with potentially higher in vivo performance. These findings are significant for robust and cost:effective T-cell manufacturing.
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| 26. |
- Le Blanc, K, et al.
(författare)
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MSCs-cells with many sides
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 20:3, s. 273-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Novikova, Liudmila N, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroprotective and growth-promoting effects of bone marrow stromal cells after cervical spinal cord injury in adult rats
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 13:7, s. 873-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have been shown to provide neuroprotection after transplantation into the injured central nervous system. The present study investigated whether adult rat BMSC differentiated along a Schwann cell lineage could increase production of trophic factors and support neuronal survival and axonal regeneration after transplantation into the injured spinal cord. Methods. After cervical C4 hemi-section, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU)/green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled BMSC were injected into the lateral funiculus at 1 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion site. Spinal cords were analyzed 2-13 weeks after transplantation. Results and Conclusions. Treatment of native BMSC with Schwann cell-differentiating factors significantly increased production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in vitro. Transplanted undifferentiated and differentiated BMSC remained at the injection sites, and in the trauma zone were often associated with neurofilament-positive fibers and increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. BMSC promoted extensive in-growth of serotonin-positive raphaespinal axons and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-positive dorsal root sensory axons into the trauma zone, and significantly attenuated astroglial and microglial cell reactions, but induced aberrant sprouting of CGRP-immunoreactive axons in Rexed's lamina III. Differentiated BMSC provided neuroprotection for axotomized rubrospinal neurons and increased the density of rubrospinal axons in the dorsolateral funiculus rostral to the injury site. The present results suggest that BMSC induced along the Schwann cell lineage increase expression of trophic factors and have neuroprotective and growth-promoting effects after spinal cord injury.
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| 29. |
- Patil, Pradeep B, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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CD271 identifies functional human hepatic stellate cells, which localize in pen-sinusoidal and portal areas in liver after partial hepatectomy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 16:7, s. 990-999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver-resident mesenchymal cells involved in essential processes in the liver. However, knowledge concerning these cells in human livers is limited because of the lack of a simple isolation method. Methods. We isolated fetal and adult human liver cells by immunomagnetic beads coated with antibodies to a mesenchymal stromal cell marker (CD271) to enrich a population of HSCs. The cells were characterized by cell cultivation, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Cells were injected into nude mice after partial hepatectomy to study in vivo localization of the cells. Results. In vitro, CD271(+) cells were lipid-containing cells expressing several HSC markers: the glial fibrillary acidic protein, desmin, vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin but negative for CK8, albumin and hepatocyte antigen. The cells produced several inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-8 and matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-3 and inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. In vivo, fetal CD271(+) cells were found in the pen-sinusoidal space and around portal vessels, whereas adult CD271(+) cells were found mainly in the portal connective tissue and in the walls of the portal vessels, which co-localized with alpha-smooth muscle actin or desmin. CD271(-) cells did not show this pattern of distribution in the liver parenchyma. Conclusions. The described protocol establishes a method for isolation of mesenchymal cell precursors for hepatic stellate cells, portal fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. These cells provide a novel culture system to study human hepatic fibrogenesis, gene expression and transcription factors controlling HSC regulation.
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| 30. |
- Pearce, Kim F., et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of advanced therapy medicinal products in Europe and the role of academia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 16:3, s. 289-297
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) are gene therapy, somatic cell therapy or tissue-engineered products regulated under (EC) No. 1394/2007 to ensure their free movement within the European Union while guaranteeing the highest level of health protection for patients. Academic good manufacturing practice (GMP) centers are major contributors in the development of ATMPs and this study assessed the impact of regulations on them. Methods. European academic and non-industrial facilities (n = 747) were contacted, and a representative sample of 50 replied to a detailed questionnaire. Experienced centres were further selected in every Member State (MS) for semi-structured interviews. Indicators of ATMP production and development success were statistically assessed, and opinions about directive implementation were documented. Results. Facilities experienced in manufacturing cell therapy transplant products are the most successful in developing ATMPs. New centres lacking this background struggle to enter the field, and there remains a shortage of facilities in academia participating in translational research. This is compounded by heterogeneous implementation of the regulations across MS. Conclusions. GMP facilities successfully developing ATMPs are present in all MS. However, the implementation of regulations is heterogeneous between MS, with substantial differences in the definition of ATMPs and in the approved manufacturing environment. The cost of GMP compliance is underestimated by research funding bodies. This is detrimental to development of new ATMPs and commercialization of any that are successful in early clinical trials. Academic GMP practitioners should strengthen their political visibility and contribute to the development of functional and effective European Union legislation in this field.
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| 33. |
- Roer, O, et al.
(författare)
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Quality assessment of autografting by probability evaluation: model estimation by clinical end-points in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 8:1, s. 79-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Pre-transplant clinical evaluation of autografting is an important step in predicting post-transplant support, complications and safety. Today, unfavorable outcomes such as early death or graft failure are rare, making them unsuitable for quality assessment of supportive autografting. However, end-points constructed from frequently occurring clinical events may estimate clinically relevant prognostic models. Methods The present retrospective analysis was based on two consecutive clinical trials in the Nordic area, including up to 640 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Results In the model, the efficacy (time on antibiotics and use of transfusions) was influenced by pre-transplant variables, including sex, nationality, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, disease stage at diagnosis, response following induction therapy, length of priming and average graft CD34(+) cell number per day of harvest. The toxicity end-point (time to blood cell recovery) was influenced by nationality, marrow plasma cell percentage, serum creatinine, M-component isotype, response to induction therapy, length of priming and graft CD34(+) cell number. The safety (early disease recurrence or death) was influenced by serum creatinine, hemoglobin, treatment response and CD34(+) cell number. Discussion In conclusion, the model illustrates that intervention strategies in quality assessment of autografting may benefit from probability estimates of graded clinical end-points.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Salmenkari, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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The use of unlicensed bone marrow-derived platelet lysate-expanded mesenchymal stromal cells in colitis : a pre-clinical study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 21:2, s. 175-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising candidate for treatment of inflammatory disorders, but their efficacy in human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has been inconsistent. Comparing the results from various preclinical and clinical IBD studies is also challenging due to a large variation in study designs.Methods: In this comparative pre-clinical study, we compared two administration routes and investigated the safety and feasibility of both fresh and cryo-preserved platelet-lysate-expanded human bone marrow-derived MSCs without additional licensing in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis mouse model both in the acute and regenerative phases of colitis. Body weight, macroscopic score for inflammation and colonic interleukin (IL)-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha concentrations were determined in both phases of colitis. Additionally, histopathology was assessed and Il-1 beta and Agtr1a messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) protein levels were measured in the colon in the regenerative phase of colitis.Results: Intravenously administered MSCs exhibited modest anti-inflammatory capacity in the acute phase of colitis by reducing IL-1 beta protein levels in the inflamed colon. There were no clear improvements in mice treated with fresh or cryopreserved unlicensed MSCs according to weight monitoring results, histopathology and macroscopic score results. Pro-inflammatory ACE protein expression and shedding were reduced by cryopreserved MSCs in the colon.Conclusions: In conclusion, we observed a good safety profile for bone marrow-derived platelet lysate-expanded MSCs in a mouse pre-clinical colitis model, but the therapeutic effect of MSCs prepared without additional licensing (i.e. such as MSCs are administered in graft-versus-host disease) was modest in the chosen in vivo model system and limited to biochemical improvements in cytokines without a clear benefit in histopathology or body weight development.
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| 38. |
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| 48. |
- Tormin, Ariane, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) based on gene expression profiling of functionally defined MSC subsets.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-2566 .- 1465-3249. ; 11, s. 114-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for cell therapy because of their intriguing properties (high proliferation and differentiation capacity, microenvironmental function and immune modulation). However, MSC are heterogeneous and a better understanding of the heterogeneity of the cells that form the MSC cultures is critical. Methods Human MSC were generated in standard cultures and stained with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) for cell division tracking. Gene expression profiling of MSC that were sorted based on functional parameters (i.e. proliferation characteristics) was utilized to characterize potential MSC subpopulations (progenitor content and differentiation capacity) and identify potential MSC subpopulation markers. Results The majority of MSC had undergone more than two cell divisions (79.7+/-2.0%) after 10 days of culture, whereas 3.5+/-0.9% of MSC had not divided. MSC were then sorted into rapidly dividing cells (RDC) and slowly/non-dividing cells (SDC/NDC). Colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) frequencies were lowest in NDC and highest in RDC with low forward-/side-scatter properties (RDC(lolo)). Comparative microarray analysis of NDC versus RDC identified 102 differentially expressed genes. Two of these genes (FMOD and VCAM1) corresponded to cell-surface molecules that enabled the prospective identification of a VCAM1(+)/FMOD(+) MSC subpopulation, which increased with passage and showed very low progenitor activity and limited differentiation potential. Conclusions These data clearly demonstrate functional differences within MSC cultures. Furthermore, this study shows that cell sorting based on proliferation characteristics and gene expression profiling can be utilized to identify surface markers for the characterization of MSC subpopulations.
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