| 1. |
- Adams, David, et al.
(författare)
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First European consensus for diagnosis, management, and treatment of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 29, s. S14-S26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review Early and accurate diagnosis of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) represents one of the major challenges faced by physicians when caring for patients with idiopathic progressive neuropathy. There is little consensus in diagnostic and management approaches across Europe. Recent findings The low prevalence of TTR-FAP across Europe and the high variation in both genotype and phenotypic expression of the disease means that recognizing symptoms can be difficult outside of a specialized diagnostic environment. The resulting delay in diagnosis and the possibility of misdiagnosis can misguide clinical decision-making and negatively impact subsequent treatment approaches and outcomes. Summary This review summarizes the findings from two meetings of the European Network for TTR-FAP (ATTReuNET). This is an emerging group comprising representatives from 10 European countries with expertise in the diagnosis and management of TTR-FAP, including nine National Reference Centres. The current review presents management strategies and a consensus on the gold standard for diagnosis of TTR-FAP as well as a structured approach to ongoing multidisciplinary care for the patient. Greater communication, not just between members of an individual patient's treatment team, but also between regional and national centres of expertise, is the key to the effective management of TTR-FAP.
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| 6. |
- Hadjikhani, Nouchine, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Can you have a migraine aura without knowing it?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 34:3, s. 350-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review This review covers several aspects our understanding of episodic manifestations and unusual symptoms that may be associated with migraine aura. Recent findings The episodic manifestation of migraine aura is typically visual in nature, although five other types are currently recognized: sensory, speech and/or language, motor, brainstem, and retinal. Other transitory perceptions or experiences such as emotional, olfactory, or auditory have been reported as possible migraine auras. As underlined by the much higher reported prevalence of aura manifestation in individuals with professional knowledge of its possible manifestations, it appears that a number of migraine auras may remain unnoticed, unreported, or misdiagnosed. Aura manifestations may be more common, complex, symptom-rich and variable than previously thought. Clinicians should proactively ask questions beyond those addressing visual symptoms when examining individuals with a potential diagnosis of migraine with aura.
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| 9. |
- Jensen, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Cell transplantation in Parkinson's disease: problems and perspectives.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 23, s. 426-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review recent experiments conducted using embryonic tissue and stem cell transplants in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. We also highlight the challenges which remain to be met in order for cell therapy to become clinically effective and safe. RECENT FINDINGS: The outcome of previous clinical transplantation trials was variable in terms of motor recovery. We discuss whether transplants can mitigate L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced dyskinesias and consider the risk factors which predispose to graft-induced dyskinesias. In addition, we introduce Transeuro, a new European Union-funded multicenter consortium which plans to perform transplantation trials.Stem cells have emerged as an alternative source for the generation of dopaminergic precursors. We briefly outline progress made in the use of human embryonic stem cells and focus predominantly on the emerging field of induced pluripotency. We conclude by introducing the exciting and novel method of direct reprogramming which involves the conversion of fibroblasts to neurons without inducing a pluripotent state. SUMMARY: The area of cell transplantation has been revitalized by the identification of parameters which predispose patients to graft-induced dyskinesias and by the emergence of novel methods of generating dopaminergic neurons. Hopefully, the Transeuro clinical trials will give further impetus and act as a stepping stone to future trials employing stem-cell-derived neurons.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Leuzy, Antoine, et al.
(författare)
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Current advances in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 34:2, s. 266-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review provides a concise overview of recent advances in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease lesions. RECENT FINDINGS: Important recent advances for CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarkers include the introduction of fully automated assays, the development and implementation of certified reference materials for CSF Aβ42 and a unified protocol for handling of samples, which all support reliability and availability of CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Aβ deposition can be detected using Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in both CSF and plasma, though a much more modest change is seen in plasma. Tau aggregation can be detected using phosphorylated tau (P-tau) at threonine 181 and 217 in CSF, with similar accuracy in plasma. Neurofilament light (NfL) be measured in CSF and shows similar diagnostic accuracy in plasma. Though total tau (T-tau) can also be measured in plasma, this measure is of limited clinical relevance for Alzheimer's disease in its current immunoassay format. SUMMARY: Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, including Aβ, P-tau and NfL can now be reliably measured in both CSF and blood. Plasma-based measures of P-tau show particular promise, with potential applications in both clinical practice and in clinical trials.
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| 13. |
- Magnusson, Måns, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral vestibular disorders with acute onset of vertigo.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 15:1, s. 5-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disorders of the vestibular nerve and end organs are the most common causes of vertigo. The advances in recognizing different forms of canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis, which sometimes present with continuous positional nystagmus, have revealed a peripheral vestibular aetiology in which central nervous system lesions were previously suspected. Treatments using repositioning manoeuvres are also successful in cases in which nystagmus does not appear, and when administered by less specialized physicians. In acute vestibulopathy, suspicions of the activation of herpes virus infections as a causative agent are increasing, but no reports on the treatment of such infections are yet available. New treatments are in development for use in Ménière's disease.
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| 14. |
- Malmgren, Kristina, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Reappraisal of corpus callosotomy.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Current opinion in neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 28:2, s. 175-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corpus callosotomy is a palliative surgical treatment modality that has gone in and out of favor. The purpose of this review is to summarize the studies of callosotomy in the past years as a treatment for severe drug-resistant epilepsy with traumatizing drop attacks, mostly in children and also in some adults. The aim is also to discuss knowledge gaps and suggest how these could be addressed.
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| 15. |
- Melin, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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Genetics in glioma : lessons learned from genome-wide association studies
- 2013
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 26:6, s. 688-692
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to describe the recent knowledge gathered from the identification of seven genomic regions that have been linked to the risk of developing malignant glioma. Recent findings The recent novel discoveries in fine mapping and genotype-phenotype studies will be highlighted. Through imputation and next-generation sequencing a novel genetic variant, rs55705857, with a strong association at 8q24 has been discovered and validated in two studies. This locus is specifically associated with IDH1-mutated and IDH2-mutated tumors and oligodendroglial tumors, albeit the specific mechanism of tumor development is not understood. The genetic variants associated with the risk of glioma in the EGFR gene have also been associated with specific somatic aberrations, including loss at the CDKN2A/B locus and allele specific loss of EGFR in the tumors. A specific TP53 low frequency variant has also been associated with glioma risk and validated in a separate data set. The genetic risk in the telomere regulating genes TERT and RTEL appear to be associated with higher grade tumors without IDH mutations. Summary The link of genetic loci to specific tumor subtypes may have relevance for understanding glioma biology, and for developing new diagnostic tools and targeted therapy for glioma.
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| 16. |
- Münch, Mirjam, et al.
(författare)
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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells : classification, function and clinical implications
- 2013
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 26:1, s. 45-51
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review The discovery of a new class of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) revealed their superior role for various nonvisual biological functions, including the pupil light reflex, and circadian photoentrainment. Recent findings Recent works have identified and characterized several anatomically and functionally distinct ipRGC subtypes and have added strong new evidence for the accessory role of ipRGCs in the visual system in humans. Summary This review summarizes current concepts related to ipRGC morphology, central connections and behavioural functions and highlights recent studies having clinical relevance to ipRGCs. Clinical implications of the melanopsin system are widespread, particularly as related to chronobiology.
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| 17. |
- Novikova, Liudmila N, et al.
(författare)
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Biopolymers and biodegradable smart implants for tissue regeneration after spinal cord injury.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 16:6, s. 711-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews recent experimental advances in the development of biosynthetic implants for repair of spinal cord injury.RECENT FINDINGS: Various important advances in the development of biosynthetic conduits for spinal cord repair have recently been reported. It was found that implantation of freeze dried alginate sponge into completely transected spinal cord supports axonal regeneration across the lesion site. A poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold seeded with neural stem cells has been developed that promotes axonal regeneration across the gap. It was found that polyethylene glycol can reseal damaged spinal cord axons and restore impulse conduction. Findings have been reported that poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate conduits in combination with alginate and fibronectin provide neuroprotection for axotomized descending neurones. It has been reported that conduits made of fibronectin mats or fibrin in combination with neurotrophic growth factors promote axonal growth into the grafts. Finally, magnetic resonance imaging after experimental spinal cord injury has been used to monitor regeneration in biosynthetic conduits in vivo over time.SUMMARY: Biosynthetic conduits carrying extracellular matrix molecules and different cell lines, and supplemented with neurotrophic growth factors have yielded encouraging results in the treatment of experimental spinal cord injury. These findings provide a basis for further development of techniques aimed at spinal cord repair in humans.
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| 18. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1966-
(författare)
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Any novelty in hippocampal formation and memory?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - London : Current Science. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 18:4, s. 424-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Novel events tend to attract attention and become more effectively encoded in memory than predictable events. The hippocampus and medial-temporal cortical regions, along with regions of the prefrontal cortex, have been associated with enhanced memory for novel events. This review provides an update on recent studies of hippocampal novelty responses in relation to memory. RECENT FINDINGS: Several different types of novelty have been studied. Stimulus novelty effects have been observed as reduced neural activity in the medial-temporal and prefrontal regions when the same stimulus is repeatedly presented. Contextual novelty effects, the detection of a stimulus or event in an unexpected context, is impaired in patients with hippocampal damage. Single-trial analyses of brain activity show that the hippocampus rapidly habituates to contextually novel situations. Associative novelty, the detection of new arrangements of familiar stimuli, has also been related to the medial-temporal regions. A division of labour among the medial-temporal regions has been proposed such that associative novelty selectively engages the hippocampus, whereas stimulus novelty is mediated by the perirhinal cortex. However, a simple account of when the hippocampus versus other medial-temporal cortical regions is recruited awaits further studies. Increased dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission may account for enhanced memory encoding of novel events, and relate to structural neuronal changes. SUMMARY: Interindividual variability in the responsiveness of the hippocampal-novelty system may be genetically mediated, and personality factors can also play a role. A better understanding of such variability can have implications for interventions aimed at supporting memory and for the treatment of drug abuse.
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| 19. |
- Obici, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Recommendations for presymptomatic genetic testing and management of individuals at risk for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 29, s. S27-S35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review These recommendations highlight recent experience in genetic counselling for the severe autosomal-dominant, late-onset transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) disease, and present a structured approach towards identification and monitoring of asymptomatic carriers of the mutated gene. Recent findings The effectiveness of current treatment options is still limited in patients with TTR-FAP beyond stage I. Diagnosis in the early stages of TTR-FAP is essential to prevent or delay the progression of disease. Existing legal and cultural issues differ among countries within Europe. Experts of the European Network for TTRFAP (ATTReuNET) concluded that genetic counselling for diagnosed individuals and at-risk family members is mostly beneficial and should be carried out with care by trained professionals. Systematic and regular monitoring of an asymptomatic carrier is necessary to detect early signs of TTR-FAP and maximize the effectiveness of treatment. This includes five areas of assessment: history/clinical examination, sensorimotor function, autonomic dysfunction, cardiac function, and renal function. At least two related symptoms and positive biopsy findings are required to confirm diagnosis of TTR-FAP. Summary Early detection of TTR-FAP is essential to improve the prognosis of TTR-FAP. ATTReuNET recommends genetic counselling and routine monitoring for asymptomatic carriers of TTR-FAP.
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| 20. |
- Parman, Yesim, et al.
(författare)
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Sixty years of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) in Europe : where are we now? A European network approach to defining the epidemiology and management patterns for TTR-FAP
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 29, s. S3-S13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review Transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) is a highly disabling, life-threatening disease characterized by progressive sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy. The profile of the disease across Europe is inadequately understood at present. Recent findings The incidence and clinical presentation of TTR-FAP varies widely within Europe, with early and late-onset disease subtypes. In those regions in which the disease is endemic (Portugal, Sweden, Cyprus, and Majorca), a Val30Met substitution in the TTR gene is the predominant genetic cause, whereas in the rest of Europe, cases of TTR-FAP are mainly sporadic with genetic heterogeneity. Current management strategies lack cohesion and patients can experience years of misdiagnosis and suboptimal treatment. Summary The article aims to disseminate the findings and recommendations from two recent meetings of the European Network for TTR-FAP (ATTReuNET), a panel comprising representatives from 10 European countries (Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey) with expertise in the diagnosis and management of TTR-FAP. We explore the epidemiology and genetic mark of TTR-FAP across Europe and assess current management strategies, with a view to developing an alternative framework - a networked approach to disease management with an emphasis on collaboration and sharing of best practice.
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| 25. |
- Svenningsson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial: Update on movement disorders
- 2019
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Ingår i: Current opinion in neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 32:4, s. 564-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Svenningsson, P
(författare)
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Editorial: Update on movement disorders
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current opinion in neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 34:4, s. 539-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 27. |
- Svenningsson, P
(författare)
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Editorial: Update on movement disorders
- 2024
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Ingår i: Current opinion in neurology. - 1473-6551. ; 37:4, s. 392-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
- Takumida, Masaya, et al.
(författare)
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Nitric Oxide in the Inner Ear
- 2002
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Neurology. - 1350-7540 .- 1473-6551. ; 15:1, s. 11-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- During the past year significant advances have been made in our understanding of the functional significance of nitric oxide (NO) in the inner ear. NO synthase and the NO production site have now been localized using immunohistochemistry and a new fluorescence indicator for NO. The functional significance of NO in the inner ear, in particular as a neurotransmitter, is becoming increasingly clear. Increasing evidence suggests that excessive NO production may play an essential role in inner ear disorders. The production of an inducible form of NO synthase may be closely related to this phenomenon. Based on the mechanisms of inner ear disorders, new pharmacological strategies for preventing or treating inner ear disorders have been suggested.
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