↓ Direkt till sidans innehåll
↓ Direkt till sidans sekundära innehåll (sidomenyn)

Träfflista för sökning "L773:1475 0961 "

Search: L773:1475 0961

Result 1-50 of 355

Sort/group result

Sort by: Hits per page:

Enumeration	Reference	Cover	Find
1.	Lasaitiene, Daina, 1970, et al. (author) Neonatal ACE inhibition in rats interferes with lung development 2004 In: Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:1, s. 65-8 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is developmentally up-regulated and it is essential for kidney development in several species. Given the fact that the rat lung undergoes postnatal development, the mammalian lung possesses the highest angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels and ACE activity increases during the first weeks postpartum, we tested the hypothesis that ACE inhibition influences postnatal lung development. Rats were given the ACE inhibitor enalapril (10 mg kg(-1)) from 0 to 9 days of age and their lungs were examined at day 4 and 9. Lung structure was evaluated by means of light microscopy, and surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured by means of a Wilhelmy balance. Neonatal ACE inhibition lowered the surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and caused widening of respiratory airspaces and thinning of alveolar septa. Our results suggest that early postnatal ACE inhibition in rats interferes with lung development.
2.	Liu, Shaowen, et al. (author) Electrophysiology of inducible atrial flutter in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. 2004 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:1, s. 19-24 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
3.	Wisén, Anita, et al. (author) A refined technique for determining the respiratory gas exchange responses to anaerobic metabolism during progressive exercise - repeatability in a group of healthy men. 2004 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:1, s. 1-9 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The respiratory gas exchange and ventilation during an incremental cycle exercise test were analysed in a group of 19 healthy, moderately fit men. Different computer algorithms were used to estimate the VO2 values where: (i) the rate of VCO2 increase just exceeds the rate of VO2 increase (DX, derivative crossing), (ii) VCO2/VO2 = 1·00 (PX, point of crossing) and (iii) ventilation (VE) increases disproportionately in relation to VCO2 (PQ, point of VCO2 equivalent rise). The DX and PQ measurements were analysed using a new approach employing polynomial regression and the value of PX was determined following low-pass filtration of raw data. The repeatability of the measurements was evaluated with a 5-6 week interval between the tests. The correlations between tests were 0·75 at DX, 0·85 at PX and 0·62 at PQ. The mean differences between the repeated tests were not statistically significant. The repeatability of VO2, in absolute values expressed as ±2 SD of the differences between the tests, had values of 5·0, 6·1 and 9·5 ml min-1 kg-1 for DX, PX and PQ, respectively. The mean value of VO2 for each measurement point expressed as a percentage of VO2max was 54% at DX, 68% at PX and 70% at PQ. The most common sequence of the measured values was DX < PX < PQ, but the sequence DX < PQ < PX was also observed. It is concluded that the gas exchange responses to developing anaerobic metabolism during progressive exercise can be characterized by a series of thresholds. However, the considerable variation in absolute values in the two testing occasions requires further attention.
4.	Aaltonen, H. L., et al. (author) Deposition of inhaled nanoparticles is reduced in subjects with COPD and correlates with the extent of emphysema : Proof of concept for a novel diagnostic technique 2018 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 38:6, s. 1008-1014 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often based on spirometry, which is not sensitive to early emphysema. We have recently described a method for assessing distal airspace dimensions by measuring recovery of nanoparticles in exhaled air after a single-breath inhalation followed by breath-hold. Recovery refers to the non-deposited particle fraction. The aim of this study was to explore differences in the recovery of exhaled nanoparticles in subjects with COPD and never-smoking controls. A secondary aim was to determine whether recovery correlates with the extent of emphysema. Method: A total of 19 patients with COPD and 19 controls underwent three repeats of single-breath nanoparticle inhalation followed by breath-hold. Particle concentrations in the inhaled aerosol, and in an alveolar sample exhaled after breath-hold, were measured to obtain recovery. Findings: The patients with COPD had a significantly higher mean recovery than controls, 0·128 ± 0·063 versus 0·074 ± 0·058; P = 0·010. Also, recovery correlated significantly with computed tomography (CT) densitometry variables (P<0·01) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL,CO; P = 0·002). Interpretation: Higher recovery for emphysema patients, relative to controls, is explained by larger diffusion distances in enlarged distal airspaces. The nanoparticle inhalation method shows potential to be developed towards a tool to diagnose emphysema.
5.	Abrahamsson, Pernilla, et al. (author) Detection of myocardial ischaemia using surface microdialysis on the beating heart 2011 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 31:3, s. 175-181 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Microdialysis (MD) can be used to study metabolism of the beating heart. We investigated whether microdialysis results obtained from epicardial (surface) sampling reflect acute changes in the same way as myocardial sampling from within the substance of the ventricular wall. In anaesthetized open-thorax pigs a coronary snare was placed. One microdialysis probe was placed with the sampling membrane intramyocardially (myocardial), and a second probe was placed with the sampling membrane epicardially (surface), both in the area which was made ischaemic. Ten minutes collection intervals were used for microdialysis samples. Samples from 19 pigs were analysed for lactate, glucose, pyruvate and glycerol during equilibration, baseline, ischaemia and reperfusion periods. For both probes (surface and myocardial), a total of 475 paired simultaneous samples were analysed. Results from analyses showed no differences in relative changes for glucose, lactate and glycerol during baseline, ischaemia and reperfusion. Surface microdialysis sampling is a new application of the microdialysis technique that shows promise and should be further studied.
6.	Abrahamsson, Pernilla, et al. (author) Surface microdialysis sampling : a new approach described in a liver ischaemia model 2012 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 32:2, s. 99-105 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract We recently have shown that samples from microdialysis (MD) probes placed on the surface of the heart reflect metabolic events in the myocardium. This new interesting observation challenges us to consider whether surface application of MD applies to other parenchymatous organs and their surfaces. In 13 anesthetized pigs, transient liver ischaemia was achieved by occlusion of arterial and venous inflow to the liver. Two probes on liver surface and two in parenchyma were perfused with a flow rate of 1 mu l per min (n = 13). An identical set-up was used for probes with a flow rate of 2 mu l per min (n = 9). Samples were collected for every 15-min period during 60 min of baseline, 45 min of ischaemia and 60 min of reperfusion. Lactate, glucose, pyruvate and glycerol were analysed in MD samples. We focused on relative changes in the present study. There was a strong agreement in relative lactate and glucose levels between probes placed on liver surface and those on parenchyma. No significant differences in relative changes in lactate and glucose levels were seen between samples from surface probes and probes in liver parenchyma during equilibration, baseline, ischaemia or reperfusion with a flow rate of 1 mu l per min. MD sampling applied on the liver surface is a new application area for the MD technique and may be used to monitor liver metabolism during both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
7.	Ahlander, Britt-Marie, 1954-, et al. (author) An echo-planar imaging sequence is superior to a steady-state free precession sequence for visual as well as quantitative assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance stress perfusion 2017 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 37:1, s. 52-61 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: To assess myocardial perfusion, steady-state free precession cardiac magnetic resonance (SSFP, CMR) was compared with gradient-echo-echo-planar imaging (GRE-EPI) using myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) as reference.METHODS: Cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion was recorded in 30 patients with SSFP and in another 30 patients with GRE-EPI. Timing and extent of inflow delay to the myocardium was visually assessed. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratios were calculated. Myocardial scar was visualized with a phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence (PSIR). All scar positive segments were considered pathologic. In MPS, stress and rest images were used as in clinical reporting. The CMR contrast wash-in slope was calculated and compared with the stress score from the MPS examination. CMR scar, CMR perfusion and MPS were assessed separately by one expert for each method who was blinded to other aspects of the study.RESULTS: Visual assessment of CMR had a sensitivity for the detection of an abnormal MPS at 78% (SSFP) versus 91% (GRE-EPI) and a specificity of 58% (SSFP) versus 84% (GRE-EPI). Kappa statistics for SSFP and MPS was 0·29, for GRE-EPI and MPS 0·72. The ANOVA of CMR perfusion slopes for all segments versus MPS score (four levels based on MPS) had correlation r = 0·64 (SSFP) and r = 0·96 (GRE-EPI). SNR was for normal segments 35·63 ± 11·80 (SSFP) and 17·98 ± 8·31 (GRE-EPI), while CNR was 28·79 ± 10·43 (SSFP) and 13·06 ± 7·61 (GRE-EPI).CONCLUSION: GRE-EPI displayed higher agreement with the MPS results than SSFP despite significantly lower signal intensity, SNR and CNR.
8.	Ahlund, Catherine, et al. (author) Pulse wave analysis on fingertip arterial pressure : effects of age, gender and stressors on reflected waves and their relation to brachial and femoral artery blood flow 2008 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 28:2, s. 86-95 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the contour of the arterial pressure pulse (pulse wave analysis; PWA) adds information about arterial stiffness etc., beyond that obtained from absolute pressures. Peripheral pulses normally show an anterograde systolic peak and two reflected peaks: one in systole and one in diastole. The amplitudes and timings of these were estimated from finger pressure recordings in three study groups. We studied the usefulness of continuous digital pressures for PWA. METHODS: First, PWA from intra-arterial (brachial) and non-invasive finger pressure recordings was compared. Secondly, stress-induced (mental arithmetics and cold pressor test) changes in pressure pulse reflection were compared with blood flow changes in brachial and femoral arteries (ultrasound). Thirdly, the influence of age and gender on digital pulse pressures was investigated at rest and during exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pulse wave analysis results from brachial and digital pressures correlated strongly. Stress induced changes in systolic reflection were associated with changes in brachial artery flow patterns, whereas diastolic reflection was associated with femoral artery flow changes. At rest, age increased systolic reflection without affecting diastolic reflection. Exercise increased systolic reflection and reduced diastolic reflection more in older subjects (>40 years) than in younger (<40 years). In conclusion, PWA from continuous, digital pressure recordings is a convenient technique to study the arterial function at rest and during exposure to stressors in broad populations. The two reflected waves are differently regulated, which may indicate different anatomical origin.
9.	Ahmeti, Artan, et al. (author) Prognostic value of left atrial volume index in acute coronary syndrome : A systematic review and meta-analysis 2021 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; , s. 128-135 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: In the absence of mitral valve disease, increased left atrial volume (LAV) is a marker of diastolic dysfunction and long-standing elevated left ventricle (LV) pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the role of increased baseline LAV in predicting clinical outcome of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods: We systematically searched all electronic databases up to September 2020 in order to select clinical trials and observational studies, which assessed the predictive role of LAV indexed (LAVI) on clinical outcome in patients with ACS. Primary clinical endpoints were as follows: major adverse cardiac events (MACE), all-cause mortality and hospitalization. Secondary endpoints were in-hospital complications.Results: A total of 2,705 patients from 11 cohort studies with a mean follow-up 18.7 +/- 9.8 months were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with low LAVI had low risk for MACE (15.9% vs. 33.7%; p < .01), long-term all-cause mortality (9.14% vs. 18.1%; p < .01), short-term mortality (3.31% vs. 9.38%; p = .02) and lower hospitalization rate (11.6% vs. 25.5%; p < .01) compared to patients with increased LAVI. Atrial fibrillation and cardiogenic shock as in-hospital events were lower (p < .05 for all) in patients with low LAVI but ventricular fibrillation/tachycardia was not different between groups (p = .14).Conclusion: Increased LAVI is an independent predictor of outcome in patients with ACS. Thus, assessment of LA index in these patients is important for better risk stratification and guidance towards optimum clinical management.
10.	Aneq Åström, Meriam, et al. (author) Determination of right ventricular volume and function using multiple axially rotated MRI slices 2011 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 31:3, s. 233-239 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Pandgt;Background: The conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method for right ventricular (RV) volume and motion, using short-axis (SA) orientation, is limited by RV anatomy and shape. We suggest an orientation based on six slices rotated around the long axis of the RV, rotated long axis (RLA). Materials and methods: Three phantoms were investigated in SA and RLA using cine balanced steady-state free precession MRI. Volumes were calculated based on segmentation and checked against true volumes. In 23 healthy male volunteers, we used six long-axis planes from the middle of the tricuspid valve to the RV apex, rotated in 30 degrees increments. For comparison, short-axis slices were acquired. Imaging parameters were identical in both acquisitions. Results: Right ventricular end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic (ESV) and stroke volumes (SV) determined in the RLA 179 center dot 1 +/- 29 center dot 3; 80 center dot 1 +/- 17 center dot 1; 99 center dot 3 +/- 16 center dot 9 ml and in the SA were 174 center dot 0 +/- 21 center dot 1; 78 center dot 8 +/- 13 center dot 6; 95 center dot 3 +/- 14 center dot 5 ml with P-values for the difference from 0 center dot 17 to 0 center dot 64 (ns). Interobserver variability ranged between 3 center dot 2% and 6 center dot 6% and intraobserver variability between 2 center dot 8% and 6 center dot 8%. In SA views, consensus for the definition of the basal slice was necessary in 39% of the volunteers for whom the average volume change was 20% in ESV and 10% in EDV. Conclusions: The RLA method results in better visualization and definition of the RV inflow, outflow and apex. Accurate measurement of RV volumes for diagnosis and follow-up of cardiac diseases are enhanced by the RLA orientation, even though additional acquisition time is required.
11.	Appelberg, Jonas, 1964-, et al. (author) Lung aeration during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea 2010 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 30:4, s. 301-307 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract P>Background: Previous studies have indicated that patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have altered ventilation and lung volumes awake and the results suggest that this may be a determinant of severity of desaturations during sleep. However, little is known about regional lung aeration during sleep in patients with OSA. Methods: Twelve patients with OSA were included in the study. Computed tomography was used to study regional lung aeration during wakefulness and sleep. Lung aeration was calculated in ml gas/g lung tissue in four different regions of interest (ROI1-4), along the border of the lung from ventral to dorsal. Results: Lung aeration in the dorsal (dependent) lung region (ROI4) was lower during sleep compared to wakefulness 0 center dot 78 +/- 0 center dot 19 versus 0 center dot 88 +/- 0 center dot 19 (mean +/- SD) ml gas/g lung tissue (P = 0 center dot 005). Associations were found between awake expiratory reserve volume and change in lung aeration from wakefulness to sleep in ROI4 (r = -0 center dot 69; P = 0 center dot 012). In addition, the change in lung aeration in the dorsal region correlated to sleep time (r = 0 center dot 69; P = 0 center dot 014) but not to time in supine position. The difference in lung aeration between inspiration and expiration (i.e. ventilation), was larger in the ventral lung region when expressed as ml gas per g lung tissue. In two patients it was noted that, during on-going obstructive apnoea, lung aeration tended to be increased rather than decreased. Conclusions: Aeration in the dorsal lung region is reduced during sleep in patients with OSA. The decrease is related to lung volume awake and to sleep time.
12.	Asp, AM, et al. (author) Aspects of carotid structure and function in health and different stages of chronic kidney disease 2018 In: Clinical physiology and functional imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-097X .- 1475-0961. ; 38:3, s. 402-408 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
13.	Asp, Anna M., et al. (author) Cardiac remodelling and functional alterations in mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction: Comparison with healthy subjects 2015 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 35:3, s. 223-230 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract © 2014 The Authors. Introduction: Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) and reduced LV function correlate with poor prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aim is to investigate whether mild-to-moderate CKD is associated with cardiac abnormalities. Methods: Echocardiography, including tissue Doppler imaging, was performed in 103 patients with CKD at stages 2-3 and 4-5, and in 53 healthy controls. The systolic (s′) and diastolic myocardial velocity (e′), and the transmitral diastolic flow velocity (E) were measured, and E/e′ was calculated. Results: Patients with chronic kidney disease had higher mean E/e′ than controls (mean E/e′: controls 5·00 ± 1·23 versus CKD 4-5 6·36 ± 1·71, P < 0·001 and versus CKD 2-3 5·69 ± 1·47, P = 0·05), indicating altered diastolic function in the patients. The CKD groups showed lower longitudinal systolic function than controls, as assessed by atrio-ventricular plane displacement and s′ (mean s′: controls 11·5 ± 1·9 cm s < sup > -1 < /sup > versus CKD 4-5 10·4 ± 2·1 cm s < sup > -1 < /sup > , P = 0·03 and versus CKD 2-3 10·4 ± 2·1 cm s < sup > -1 < /sup > , P = 0·02). The prevalence of LVH was higher in patients with CKD than in controls (controls 13% versus CKD 4-5 37%, P = 0·006 and versus CKD 2-3 30%, P = 0·03). Conclusion: Alterations in systolic and diastolic myocardial function can be seen in mild-to-moderate CKD compared with controls, indicating that cardiac involvement starts early in CKD, which may be a precursor of premature cardiac morbidity.
14.	Asp, A. M., et al. (author) Cardiovascular changes in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease compared with healthy subjects: a 5-year follow-up study 2020 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 40:2, s. 91-98 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background There is limited knowledge about how cardiovascular parameters change over time in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). We studied several cardiovascular biomarkers over a 5-year period in patients with mild-to-moderate CKD and in healthy controls. Methods Fifty-four patients with CKD stages 2-3 and 54 controls were included. The CKD patients were closely monitored and well controlled for hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, ankle-brachial index (ABI), carotid and cardiac ultrasound (including measurement of the left ventricular mass index (LVMI)), and biochemical analyses were evaluated. Results Renal function decreased in both groups, with no significant difference in the change over time. In the CKD patients, none of the BP variables increased over time, but in the controls, average 24-h and daytime systolic BP increased significantly. ABI increased slightly in the CKD patients (P<0 center dot 001), but not in the controls (P = 0 center dot 963), and phosphate had a significant positive effect on ABI. Although in the CKD patients, there was no significant increase over time in common carotid artery diameter (P = 0 center dot 274), there was a small but significant increase in the controls (P = 0 center dot 001). LVMI increased significantly over time in both groups. Conclusions In our study of patients with mild-to-moderate CKD, the progression of cardiovascular changes over time was relatively slow. Good BP control and treatment of other risk factors may have contributed to slow the progress of cardiovascular involvement, which emphasizes the importance of dedicated care in this population.
15.	Backman, M, et al. (author) Echocardiographic measurements of left atrial volume in patients with ischaemic heart disease 2022 In: Clinical physiology and functional imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-097X .- 1475-0961. ; 42:3, s. 220-223 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
16.	Bajraktari, Gani, et al. (author) Left atrial structure and function predictors of recurrent fibrillation after catheter ablation : a systematic review and meta-analysis 2020 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 40:1, s. 1-13 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Catheter ablation (CA) has become a conventional treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), but remains with high recurrence rate. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine left atrial (LA) structure and function indices that predict recurrence of AF.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry, up to September 2017 in order to select clinical trials and observational studies which reported echocardiographic predictors of AF recurrence after CA. Eighty-five articles with a total of 16 126 patients were finally included.Results: The pooled analysis showed that after a follow-up period of 21 +/- 12 months, patients with AF recurrence had larger LA diameter with weighted mean difference (WMD: 2 center dot 99 ([95% CI 2 center dot 50-3 center dot 47], P<0 center dot 001), larger LA volume index (LAVI) maximal and LAVI minimal (P<0 center dot 0001 for both), larger LA area (P<0 center dot 0001), lower LA strain (P<0 center dot 0001) and lower LA total emptying fraction (LA EF) (P<0 center dot 0001) compared with those without AF recurrence. The most powerful LA predictors (in accuracy order) of AF recurrence were as follows: LA strain <19% (OR: 3 center dot 1[95% CI, -1.3-10 center dot 4], P<0 center dot 0001), followed by LA diameter >= 50 mm (OR: 2 center dot 75, [95% CI 1 center dot 66-4 center dot 56,] P<0 center dot 0001), and LAVmax >150 ml (OR: 2 center dot 25, [95% CI, 1.1-5 center dot 6], P = 0 center dot 0002).Conclusions: Based on this meta-analysis results, a dilated left atrium with diameter more than 50 mm and volume above 150 ml or myocardial strain below 19% reflect an unstable LA that is unlikely to hold sinus rhythm after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.
17.	Berg, Hans E., et al. (author) Threshold-automated CT measurements of muscle size and radiological attenuation in multiple lower-extremity muscles of older individuals 2020 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : WILEY. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 40:3, s. 165-172 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Muscle atrophy and fat infiltration, two indicators of deconditioning and weakness in elderly frail patients, are typically assessed by means of manual image analysis from computed tomography (CT) scans. As this time-consuming image analysis limits its wider use in clinical studies, the use of tissue thresholds to semi-automatically assess muscle composition has been suggested. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between manual and semi-automated analysis of both cross-sectional area (CSA) and radiological attenuation (RA), in multiple muscles of the lower extremities in aged (77 +/- 6 years) sedentary individuals (n = 40). The participants underwent CT scans of their lower limbs, including hip, thigh and calf muscles. The subsequent analysis of CSA and RA was conducted using both manual segmentation and semi-automatic thresholds (-30 to +150 Hounsfield units). Automated measurements were generally strongly correlated with manually encircled CSA in all muscle groups (R = 0.79-0.99, p < .05) and shortened the analysis time by 70% (p < .05). In m. iliopsoas, however, the CSA became overestimated (15%, p < .05) with thresholded measurements, while the assessment of both CSA and RA was underestimated in muscles with high-fat content (i.e., the gluteal muscles) and in individuals with high-fat infiltration. In conclusion, using the semi-automated technique with conventional thresholds is a time-saving method that delivers accurate gross size of the muscle groups, particularly in the thigh. However, caution should be exercised when using semi-automated techniques for assessing CSA and fat infiltration in muscles with high-fat content.
18.	Bhat, Misha, et al. (author) Fetal iGRASP cine CMR assisting in prenatal diagnosis of complicated cardiac malformation with impact on delivery planning 2019 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 39:4, s. 231-235 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Limited visualisation of the fetal heart and vessels by fetal ultrasound due to suboptimal fetal position, patient habitus and skeletal calcification may lead to missed diagnosis, overdiagnosis and parental uncertainty. Counseling and delivery planning may in those cases also be tentative. The recent fetal cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) reconstruction method utilising tiny golden angle iGRASP (iterative Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel MRI) allows for cine imaging of the fetal heart for use in clinical practice. This case describes an unbalanced common atrioventricular canal where limited ultrasound image quality and visibility of the aortic arch precluded confirming or ruling out presence of a ventricular septal defect. Need of prostaglandins or neonatal intervention was thus uncertain. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging confirmed ultrasound findings and added value by ruling out a significant ventricular septal defect and diagnosing arch hypoplasia. This confirmed the need of patient relocation for delivery at a paediatric cardiothoracic surgery centre and prostaglandins could be initiated before the standard postnatal ultrasound. The applied CMR method can thus improve diagnosis of complicated fetal cardiac malformation and has direct clinical impact. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
19.	Bidhult, Sebastian, et al. (author) A new vessel segmentation algorithm for robust blood flow quantification from two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance images 2019 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 39:5, s. 327-338 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Blood flow measurements in the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery from phase-contrast magnetic resonance images require accurate time-resolved vessel segmentation over the cardiac cycle. Current semi-automatic segmentation methods often involve time consuming manual correction, relying on user experience for accurate results. The purpose of this study was to develop a semi-automatic vessel segmentation algorithm with shape constraints based on manual vessel delineations for robust segmentation of the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery, to evaluate the proposed method in healthy volunteers and patients with heart failure and congenital heart disease, to validate the method in a pulsatile flow phantom experiment, and to make the method freely available for research purposes. Algorithm shape constraints were extracted from manual reference delineations of the ascending aorta (n=20) and pulmonary artery (n=20) and were included into a semi-automatic segmentation method only requiring manual delineation in one image. Bias and variability (bias±SD) for flow volume of the proposed algorithm versus manual reference delineations were 0·0±1·9ml in the ascending aorta (n=151; 7 healthy volunteers; 144 heart failure patients) and -1·7±2·9 ml in the pulmonary artery (n=40; 25 healthy volunteers; 15 patients with atrial septal defect). Inter-observer bias and variability were lower (p=0·008) for the proposed semi-automatic method (-0·1±0·9ml) compared to manual reference delineations (1·5±5·1ml). Phantom validation showed good agreement between the proposed method and timer-and-beaker flow volumes (0·4±2·7ml). In conclusion, the proposed semi-automatic vessel segmentation algorithm can be used for efficient analysis of flow and shunt volumes in the aorta and pulmonary artery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
20.	Bjällmark, Anna, et al. (author) Differences in myocardial velocities during supine and upright exercise stress echocardiography in healthy adults 2009 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 29:3, s. 216-223 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Tissue Velocity Imaging (TVI) is a method for quantitative analysis of longitudinal myocardial velocities, which can be used during exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography. It is of interest to evaluate cardiac response to different types of stress tests and the differences between upright and supine bicycle exercise tests have not been fully investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare cardiac response during supine and upright exercise stress tests. Twenty young healthy individuals underwent supine and upright stress test. The initial workload was set to 30 W and was increased every minute by a further 30 W until physical exhaustion. Tissue Doppler data from the left ventricle were acquired at the end of every workload level using a GE Vivid7 Dimension system (> 200 frames s(-1)). In the off-line processing, isovolumic contraction velocity (IVCV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), isovolumic relaxation velocity (IVRV), peak early diastolic velocity (E') and peak late diastolic velocity (A') were identified at every workload level. No significant difference between the tests was found in PSV. On the contrary, E' was shown to be significantly higher (P < 0.001) during supine exercise than during upright exercise and IVRV was significantly lower (P < 0.001) during supine exercise compared to upright exercise. Upright and supine exercise stress echocardiography give a comparable increase in measured systolic velocities and significant differences in early diastolic velocities.
21.	Bjöersdorff, Mimmi, et al. (author) Detection of lymph node metastases in patients with prostate cancer: Comparing conventional and digital F-18 -fluorocholine PET-CT using histopathology as a reference 2022 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CD with [F-18]-fluorocholine (FCH) is used to detect and stage metastatic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer. Improvements to hardware and software have recently been made. We compared the capability of detecting regional lymph node metastases using conventional and digital silicon photomultiplier (SiPM)-based PET-CT technology for FCH. Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) histopathology was used as a reference method. Methods: The study retrospectively examined 177 patients with intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer who had undergone staging with FCH PET-CT before ePLND. Images were obtained with either the conventional Philips Gemini PET-CT (n = 93) or the digital SiPM-based GE Discovery MI PET-CT (n = 84) and compared. Results: Images that were obtained using the Philips Gemini PET-CT system showed 19 patients (20%) with suspected lymph node metastases, whereas the GE Discovery MI PET-CT revealed 36 such patients (43%). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 0.3, 0.84, 0.47, and 0.72 for the Philips Gemini, while they were 0.58, 0.62, 0.31, and 0.83 for the GE Discovery MI, respectively. The areas under the curves in a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were similar between the two PET-CT systems (0.57 for Philips Gemini and 0.58 for GE Discovery MI, p = 0.89). Conclusions: Marked differences in sensitivity and specificity were found for the different PET-CT systems, although the overall diagnostic performance was similar. These differences are probably due to differences in both hardware and software, including reconstruction algorithms, and should be considered when new technology is introduced.
22.	Björkander, Inge, et al. (author) Long-term stability of heart rate variability in chronic stable angina pectoris, and the impact of an acute myocardial infarction 2009 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 30, s. 698-699 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the balance between cardiac parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic influences. Reduced HRV has adverse prognostic implications. The time course for changes in HRV over prolonged periods of time and the influence of an acute coronary event on HRV are not well established. METHODS: Heart rate variability was assessed in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris, who were followed for 3 years within the Angina Prognosis Study in Stockholm. Patients who suffered an acute myocardial infarction after the study were re-examined after this event. We assessed HRV by the simple geometric method differential index, and traditional time- and frequency-domain measurements of HRV. RESULTS: The differential index was essentially unchanged during the study (i.e. the ratio month 36/month 1 was 1.00 +/- 0.06, n = 261). Also most other time and frequency indices of HRV (SDNN, r-MSSD, SDNNIDX, total power, and VLF, LF, HF respectively; n = 63) remained largely unchanged; pNN50 and LF/HF were, however, less reproducible. In 21 patients with a subsequent acute myocardial infarction, SDNN, SDNNIDX, total power, LF and LF/HF were reduced following the event, whereas differential index, pNN50 and HF remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Differential index and other indices of HRV are stable and reproducible in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. High-frequency HRV (reflecting cardiac parasympathetic activity) and the differential index changed little following an acute coronary event, and may be suitable for predictions of the future risk of sudden death even in the presence of a recent acute coronary event.
23.	Blomstrand, Peter, et al. (author) Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging for the detection of myocardial ischaemia, a comparison with myocardial perfusion SPECT 2004 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:5, s. 289-295 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In order to compare the diagnostic ability of pulsed tissue Doppler and myocardial perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in patients with a history of unstable coronary artery disease, CAD, 26 patients, 22 men and four women, age 47-76 years, were investigated in a prospective study, 5-10 day after an episode of unstable angina. Tissue Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography were performed during dobutamine stress testing and myocardial scintigraphy after bicycle exercise and at rest. Patients with a normal SPECT had higher peak systolic velocity during dobutamine infusion, 18.9 ± 4.1 cm s-1, than patients with ischaemia, 12.2 ± 3.8 cm s-1 (P<0.001) or scar, 8.8 ± 3.0 cm s-1 (P<0.01). In a territorial analysis the difference in peak systolic velocity between areas with a normal and abnormal SPECT was less apparent. Failure to achieve ≥13 cm s-1 in mean-peak systolic velocity was the most accurate criterion for detection of significant CAD on SPECT. We conclude that pulsed tissue Doppler can be used for objective quantification of left ventricular wall motion during dobutamine stress testing and for identification of patients with CAD on SPECT but not for identification of regional ischaemia.
24.	Boano, Gabriella, et al. (author) Effect of cryothermic and radiofrequency Cox-Maze IV ablation on atrial size and function assessed by 2D and 3D echocardiography, a randomized trial. To freeze or to burn 2023 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : WILEY. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:6, s. 431-440 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundAtrial linear scars in Cox-Maze IV procedures are achieved using Cryothermy (Cryo) or radiofrequency (RF) techniques. The subsequent postoperative left atrial (LA) reverse remodelling is unclear. We used 2- and 3-dimensional echocardiography (2-3DE) to compare the impact of Cryo and RF procedures on LA size and function 1 year after Cox-maze IV ablation concomitant with Mitral valve (MV) surgery. MethodsSeventy-two patients with MV disease and AF were randomized to Cryo (n = 35) or RF (n = 37) ablation. Another 33 patients were enroled without ablation (NoMaze). All patients underwent an echocardiogram the day before and 1 year after surgery. The LA function was assessed on 2D strain by speckle tracking and 3DE. ResultsForty-two ablated patients recovered sinus rhythm (SR) 1 year after surgery. They had comparable left and right systolic ventricular function, LA volume index (LAVI), and 2D reservoir strain before surgery. At follow-up, the 3DE extracted reservoir and booster function were higher after RF (37 & PLUSMN; 10% vs. 26 & PLUSMN; 6%; p < 0.001) than Cryo ablation (18 & PLUSMN; 9 vs. 7 & PLUSMN; 4%; p < 0.001), while passive conduit function was comparable between groups (24 & PLUSMN; 11 vs. 20 & PLUSMN; 8%; p = 0.17). The extent of LAVI reduction depended on the duration of AF preoperatively. ConclusionsSR restoration after MV surgery and maze results in LA size reduction irrespective of the energy source used. Compared to RF, the extension of ablation area produced by Cryo implies a structural LA remodelling affecting LA systolic function.
25.	Borrelli, Pablo, et al. (author) Artificial intelligence-based detection of lymph node metastases by PET/CT predicts prostate cancer-specific survival 2021 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 41:1, s. 62-67 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Introduction Lymph node metastases are a key prognostic factor in prostate cancer (PCa), but detecting lymph node lesions from PET/CT images is a subjective process resulting in inter-reader variability. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods can provide an objective image analysis. We aimed at developing and validating an AI-based tool for detection of lymph node lesions. Methods A group of 399 patients with biopsy-proven PCa who had undergone(18)F-choline PET/CT for staging prior to treatment were used to train (n = 319) and test (n = 80) the AI-based tool. The tool consisted of convolutional neural networks using complete PET/CT scans as inputs. In the test set, the AI-based lymph node detections were compared to those of two independent readers. The association with PCa-specific survival was investigated. Results The AI-based tool detected more lymph node lesions than Reader B (98 vs. 87/117;p = .045) using Reader A as reference. AI-based tool and Reader A showed similar performance (90 vs. 87/111;p = .63) using Reader B as reference. The number of lymph node lesions detected by the AI-based tool, PSA, and curative treatment was significantly associated with PCa-specific survival. Conclusion This study shows the feasibility of using an AI-based tool for automated and objective interpretation of PET/CT images that can provide assessments of lymph node lesions comparable with that of experienced readers and prognostic information in PCa patients.
26.	Borrelli, P., et al. (author) Automated classification of PET-CT lesions in lung cancer: An independent validation study 2022 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 42:5, s. 327-332 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Introduction Recently, a tool called the positron emission tomography (PET)-assisted reporting system (PARS) was developed and presented to classify lesions in PET/computed tomography (CT) studies in patients with lung cancer or lymphoma. The aim of this study was to validate PARS with an independent group of lung-cancer patients using manual lesion segmentations as a reference standard, as well as to evaluate the association between PARS-based measurements and overall survival (OS). Methods This study retrospectively included 115 patients who had undergone clinically indicated (18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT due to suspected or known lung cancer. The patients had a median age of 66 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 61-72 years). Segmentations were made manually by visual inspection in a consensus reading by two nuclear medicine specialists and used as a reference. The research prototype PARS was used to automatically analyse all the PET/CT studies. The PET foci classified as suspicious by PARS were compared with the manual segmentations. No manual corrections were applied. Total lesion glycolysis (TLG) was calculated based on the manual and PARS-based lung-tumour segmentations. Associations between TLG and OS were investigated using Cox analysis. Results PARS showed sensitivities for lung tumours of 55.6% per lesion and 80.2% per patient. Both manual and PARS TLG were significantly associated with OS. Conclusion Automatically calculated TLG by PARS contains prognostic information comparable to manually measured TLG in patients with known or suspected lung cancer. The low sensitivity at both the lesion and patient levels makes the present version of PARS less useful to support clinical reading, reporting and staging.
27.	Brodin, Lars-Åke (author) Tissue Doppler, a fundamental tool for parametric imaging 2004 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:3, s. 147-155 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Tissue Doppler has been used for clinical applications since 1989. It has been developed from a pulsed Doppler acquisition tool towards a method where extraction of velocities can be performed from colour-coded images. This has introduced a further development into different forms of parametric images describing different myocardial functions as colour-coded information, like deformation imaging, motion imaging and phase imaging. The technical requirements have been established with temporal requirements of frame rates in acquisition exceeding 100 frames s(-1). The most powerful application of the tissue Doppler technique today is perhaps to quantify the myocardial functional reserve, during stress echocardiography, making the method applicable to diagnose the presence of coronary disease with an accuracy exceeding that of nuclear and other non-invasive techniques. The method has also great potential for future developments with introduction of more regional measuring variables.
28.	Brolin, EB, et al. (author) Plasma biomarker levels and non-obstructive coronary artery disease determined by coronary computed tomography angiography 2018 In: Clinical physiology and functional imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-097X .- 1475-0961. ; 38:2, s. 246-253 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
29.	Brolin, Gustav, et al. (author) The accuracy of quantitative parameters in Tc-99m-MAG3 dynamic renography : a national audit based on virtual image data 2016 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 36:2, s. 146-154 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Assessment of image analysis methods and computer software used in Tc-99m-MAG3 dynamic renography is important to ensure reliable study results and ultimately the best possible care for patients. In this work, we present a national multicentre study of the quantification accuracy in Tc-99m-MAG3 renography, utilizing virtual dynamic scintigraphic data obtained by Monte Carlo-simulated scintillation camera imaging of digital phantoms with time-varying activity distributions. Three digital phantom studies were distributed to the participating departments, and quantitative evaluation was performed with standard clinical software according to local routines. The differential renal function (DRF) and time to maximum renal activity (T-max) were reported by 21 of the 28 Swedish departments performing Tc-99m-MAG3 studies as of 2012. The reported DRF estimates showed a significantly lower precision for the phantom with impaired renal uptake than for the phantom with normal uptake. The T-max estimates showed a similar trend, but the difference was only significant for the right kidney. There was a significant bias in the measured DRF for all phantoms caused by different positions of the left and right kidney in the anterior-posterior direction. In conclusion, this study shows that virtual scintigraphic studies are applicable for quality assurance and that there is a considerable uncertainty associated with standard quantitative parameters in dynamic Tc-99m-MAG3 renography, especially for patients with impaired renal function.
30.	Brudin, Lars, et al. (author) Comparison of two commonly used reference materials for exercise bicycle tests with a Swedish clinical database of patients with normal outcome 2014 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 34:4, s. 297-307 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Reference values for working capacity, blood pressure, heart rate, perceived exertion, etc. during bicycle exercise tests have been sought after for many years. This is because earlier commonly used reference values for physical work capacity have been either too low or too high when compared to the clinical experience of several Swedish departments of clinical physiology. The aim of the study was to compare two commonly used reference materials with normal outcomes from a clinical database. Methods: Data from a clinical database of standardized exercise tests in Kalmar, Sweden, between 2004 and 2012, and having been judged as normal, were divided into 5-year categories of 5-10 to 75-80 years of age covering people from 7 to 80 years of age. Results: Maximal working capacity (W-max), maximal heart rate, maximal systolic blood pressure and maximal perceived exertion are presented for each of the 15 age categories. Regression equations are also presented for each sex with age and height as independent predictors. Quantitative comparisons of W-max are calculated for the three materials and possible explanations discussed. Conclusions: Values of W-max lie between the two reference materials most commonly used in Sweden. In addition, the present material covers subjects aged 7-19 years.
31.	Brønd, Jan Christian, et al. (author) The ActiGraph counts processing and the assessment of vigorous activity. 2019 In: Clinical physiology and functional imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-097X .- 1475-0961. ; 39:4, s. 276-283 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different band-pass filters on the measurement bias with ActiGraph counts during high speed running and for estimating free-living vigorous physical activity (VPA). Two alternative band-pass filters were designed, extending the original frequency range from 0·29 to 1·66Hz (AG) to 0·29-4Hz (AC4) and 0·29-10Hz (AC10). Sixty-two subjects in three age groups participated in a structured locomotion protocol consisting of multiple walking and running speeds. The time spent in free-living VPA using the three different band-pass filters were evaluated in 1121 children. Band-pass filter specific intensity cut-points from both linear regression and ROC analysis was identified from a calibration experiment using indirect calorimetry. The ActiGraph GT3X+ device recording raw acceleration at 30Hz was used in all experiments. The linear association between counts and running speed was negative for AG but positive for AC4 and AC10 across all age groups. The time spent in free-living VPA was similar for all band-pass filters. Considering higher frequency information in the generation of ActiGraph counts with a hip/waist worn device reduces the measurement bias with running above 10km·h-1 . However, additional developments are required to accurately capture all VPA, including intermittent activities.
32.	Bytyçi, Ibadete, et al. (author) Compromised left atrial function and increased size predict raised cavity pressure : a systematic review and meta-analysis 2019 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 39:5, s. 297-307 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract Aim: This meta-analysis assesses left atrial (LA) cavity and myocardial function measurements that predict pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP).Methods: PubMed-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry were searched up to December 2018 for studies on the relationship of LA diameter, LA indexed volume (LAVI max, LAVI min), peak atrial longitudinal (PALS), peak atrial contraction (PACS) strain and total emptying fraction (LAEF) with PCWP. Eighteen studies with 1343 patients were included. sensitivity and specificity (with 95% CI) for evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and the best cut-off values for different LA indices in predicting raised PCWP were estimated using summary receiver operating characteristic analysis.Results: The pooled analysis showed association between PCWP and LA diameter: Cohen's d = 0 center dot 87, LAVI max: d = 0 center dot 92 and LAVI min: d = 1 center dot 0 (P<0 center dot 001 for all). A stronger correlation was found between PCWP and PALS: d = 1 center dot 26, and PACS: d = 1 center dot 62, total EF d = 1 center dot 22 (P<0 center dot 0001 for all). PALS <= 19% had a summary sensitivity of 80% (65-90) and summary specificity of 77% (52-92), positive likelihood ratio (LR+) 3 center dot 74, negative likelihood ratio (LR-) DOR > 15 center dot 1 whereas LAVI >= 34 ml m(-2) had summary sensitivity of 75% (55-89) and summary specificity 77% (57-90), with LR+ >3, LR- 0 center dot 32 and DOR >10 center dot 1.Conclusions: Compromised LA myocardial function and increased size predict raised cavity pressure. These results should assist in optimum follow-up of patients with fluctuating LA pressure.
33.	Bytyci, Ibadete, et al. (author) Left atrial stiffness predicts cardiac events in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction : The impact of diabetes 2021 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 41:2, s. 208-216 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and left atrial (LA) remodelling in a group of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and their combined impact on cardiac events (CE).Methods: This study included 136 consecutive HFrEF patients (65 +/- 11 years), 36 had DM, and 86 had increased LA stiffness (LASt). All patients underwent complete conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiographic measurements were made including LA volumes and function. LASt was calculated using the formula: LASt = E/e' ratio / PALS.Results: At 55 +/- 37 months follow-up, free survival from CE was 69% in patients without DM and 44.4% in those with DM (p < .0001). The CE free survival was lower in patients with increased LASt compared to normal LASt, (50 versus. 80%, p < .001), irrespective of the presence of DM (27 versus. 71%, p < .001).The best cut-off value of LASt for predicting CE in the group as a whole was >= 0.82% [81% sensitivity, 72% specificity and AUC 0.82 (p < .001)]. LASt >= 0.82% also predicted CE in no DM patients [78% sensitivity, 71% specificity and AUC 0.80 (p < .001)] and was a stronger predictor in DM patients [85% sensitivity, 71% specificity and AUC = 0.847 (p < .001)].Conclusion: High LA stiffness is associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with HFrEF. Diabetes has an additional incremental value in determining clinical outcome in those patients.
34.	Bytyci, Ibadete, et al. (author) Longitudinal myocardial function is more compromised in cardiac syndrome X compared to insignificant CAD : Role of stress echocardiography and calcium scoring 2022 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 42:1, s. 35-42 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the nature of myocardial dysfunction in the cardiac syndrome X (CSX) and insignificant coronary artery disease (ICAD) using dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and coronary calcium scoring (CAC).Methods: We prospectively studied 35 consecutive patients who complained of exertional angina, had ≥1 mm ST shift on exercise stress test but normal or no obstructive CAD (<50%) on angiography. Patients were divided into CSX (n = 27) with normal arteries and ICAD (n = 8) with insignificant stenosis.Results: CSX patients had more females, lower calcium score and less prevalent cardiac risk factors compared to ICAD (p < 0.05 for all). At peak stress, MAPSE and TAPSE failed to increase in both groups. LV septal and lateral s’ increased in the two groups but the increment increase was less in CSX than ICAD (p < 0.05) while other diastolic indices did not differ between groups (p > 0.05 for all). CAC correlated modestly with LV and RV systolic velocities: septal s' (r = −0.65, p < 0.001) lateral s' (r = −0.35, p = 0.04) and right s' (r = −0.53, p = 0.005) in CSX, while in ICAD patients only with RV s' (r = −0.58, p = 0.02). On multivariate model, only septal s' OR 1.816 (1.1090–3.820, p = 0.04) proved the most powerful independent predictor of CAC.Conclusions: Compromised LV longitudinal systolic velocities were more pronounced and calcium score as a surrogate for atherosclerosis was lower in CSX than ICAD. These findings strengthen the evidence for different pathogenesis of CSX compared to ICAD, with microvascular disease in the former and calcification in the latter.
35.	Bäcklin, Emelie, et al. (author) Pulmonary volumes and signs of chronic airflow limitation in quantitative computed tomography 2024 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 44:4, s. 340-348 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) offers pulmonary volumetric quantification but is not commonly used in healthy individuals due to radiation concerns. Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) is one of the diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where early diagnosis is important. Our aim was to present reference values for chest CT volumetric and radiodensity measurements and explore their potential in detecting early signs of CAL.MethodsFrom the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS), 294 participants aged 50–64, were categorized into non-CAL (n = 258) and CAL (n = 36) groups based on spirometry. From inspiratory and expiratory CT images we compared lung volumes, mean lung density (MLD), percentage of low attenuation volume (LAV%) and LAV cluster volume between groups, and against reference values from static pulmonary function test (PFT).ResultsThe CAL group exhibited larger lung volumes, higher LAV%, increased LAV cluster volume and lower MLD compared to the non-CAL group. Lung volumes significantly deviated from PFT values. Expiratory measurements yielded more reliable results for identifying CAL compared to inspiratory. Using a cut-off value of 0.6 for expiratory LAV%, we achieved sensitivity, specificity and positive/negative predictive values of 72%, 85% and 40%/96%, respectively.ConclusionWe present volumetric reference values from inspiratory and expiratory chest CT images for a middle-aged healthy cohort. These results are not directly comparable to those from PFTs. Measures of MLD and LAV can be valuable in the evaluation of suspected CAL. Further validation and refinement are necessary to demonstrate its potential as a decision support tool for early detection of COPD.
36.	Carlén, Anna, et al. (author) Loaded treadmill walking and cycle ergometry to assess work capacity : a retrospective comparison in 424 firefighters. 2017 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 37:1, s. 37-44 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The fitness of firefighters is regularly evaluated using exercise tests. We aimed to compare, with respect to age and body composition, two test modalities for the assessment work capacity. A total of 424 Swedish firefighters with cycle ergometer (CE) and treadmill (TM) tests available from Jan 2004 to Dec 2010 were included. We compared results from CE (6 min at 200 W, 250 W or incremental ramp exercise) with TM (6 min at 8° inclination, 4·5 km h(-1) or faster, wearing 24-kg protective equipment). Oxygen requirements were estimated by prediction equations. It was more common to pass the TM test and fail the supposedly equivalent CE test (20%), than vice versa (0·5%), P<0·001. Low age and tall stature were significant predictors of passing both CE and TM tests (P<0·05), while low body mass predicted accomplishment of TM test only (P = 0·006). Firefighters who passed the TM but failed the supposedly equivalent CE test within 12 months had significantly lower body mass, lower BMI, lower BSA and shorter stature than did those who passed both tests. Calculated oxygen uptake was higher in TM tests compared with corresponding CE tests (P<0·001). Body constitution affected approval differently depending on the test modality. A higher approval rate in TM testing suggests lower cardiorespiratory requirements compared with CE testing, even though estimated oxygen uptake was higher during TM testing. The relevance of our findings in relation to the occupational demands needs reconsidering.
37.	Carlhäll, Carljohan, 1973-, et al. (author) A novel method to assess systolic ventricular function using atrioventricular plane displacement : a study in young healthy males and patients with heart disease 2004 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 24:4, s. 190-195 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Analysis of atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) is a well established method for assessment of both systolic and diastolic ventricular function. For several years, AVPD has been a clinical tool and there are many current, as well as potential, areas of application. However, clinical work has shown that the traditional method for evaluation of systolic ventricular function, called total AVPD, does not temporally reflect true systole. Systolic AVPD is a new approach for measuring AVPD to assess ventricular systolic function. We wished to apply this new model in healthy subjects and in patients with different common heart diseases. Twenty-eight young healthy males and 30 patients (aortic stenosis, left sided regurgitant lesions, postmyocardial infarction) were enrolled. AVPD was obtained at the four standard sites by M-mode. Total AVPD was measured in the conventional way and systolic AVPD by identifying true systole, by means of mitral- and aortic valve closure respectively. Ventricular volumes were calculated according to biplane Simpson's rule. The systolic AVPD measurements were significantly lower than the total measurements, at both atrioventricular planes in all groups (P<0·001). This discrepancy was greater at the mitral than at the tricuspid annulus in the patients 24·2% vs. 15·5% (P<0·001), but did not differ in the healthy subjects. At the mitral annulus, this discrepancy also seemed to be more pronounced in the patients than in the healthy subjects 24·2% vs. 10·7%. When assessing ventricular systolic function by AVPD, the conventional method overestimates the amplitude in relation to true systolic function in both patients with heart disease and in young healthy males. Thus, there are uncertainties regarding earlier estimations of AVPD in terms of expression of systolic function and regarding previously presented reference values. We recommend the proposed methodology.
38.	Carlsson, Marcus, et al. (author) Heart filling exceeds emptying during late ventricular systole in patients with systolic heart failure and healthy subjects – a cardiac MRI study 2019 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 39:3, s. 192-200 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Total heart volume (THV) within the pericardium is not constant throughout the cardiac cycle and THV would intuitively be lowest at end systole. We have, however, observed a phase shift between ventricular outflow and atrial inflow which causes the minimum THV to occur before end systole. The aims were to explain the mechanism of the late-systolic net inflow to the heart and determine whether this net inflow is affected by increased cardiac output or systolic heart failure. Methods and Results: Healthy controls (n = 21) and patients with EF<35% (n = 14) underwent magnetic resonance imaging with flow measurements in vessels to and from the heart, and this was repeated in nine controls during 140 μgram kg−1 min−1 adenosine infusion. Minimum THV occurred 78 ± 6 ms before end of systolic ejection (8 ± 1% of the cardiac cycle) in controls. The late-systolic net inflow was 12·3 ± 1·1 ml or 6·0 ± 0·5% of total stroke volume (TSV). Cardiac output increased 66 ± 8% during adenosine but late-systolic net inflow to the heart did not change (P = 0·73). In patients with heart failure, late-systolic net inflow of the heart′s left side was lower (3·4 ± 0·5%) compared to healthy subjects (5·3 ± 0·6%, P = 0·03). Conclusions: Heart size increases before end systole due to a late-systolic net inflow which is unaffected by increased cardiac output. This may be explained by inertia of blood that flows into the atria generated by ventricular systole. The lower late-systolic net inflow in patients with systolic heart failure may be a measure of decreased ventricular filling due to decreased systolic function, thus linking systolic to diastolic dysfunction.
39.	Carlsson, Marcus, et al. (author) Submaximal adenosine-induced coronary hyperaemia with 12 h caffeine abstinence: implications for clinical adenosine perfusion imaging tests. 2015 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 35:1, s. 49-56 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Adenosine is widely used as a vasodilator agent in myocardial perfusion imaging. Caffeine inhibits the effect, but the time of caffeine abstinence needed is under discussion and varies from 12 to 24 h. Therefore, our aim was to examine whether the time of caffeine abstinence affects the hyperaemic response using quantification of coronary sinus flow (CS F) with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) during adenosine infusion.
40.	Cauwenberghs, Nicholas, et al. (author) Cardiorespiratory fitness components in relation to clinical characteristics, disease state and medication intake: A patient registry study 2023 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : WILEY. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:6, s. 441-452 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundInterpretation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) results requires thorough understanding of test confounders such as anthropometrics, comorbidities and medication. Here, we comprehensively assessed the clinical determinants of cardiorespiratory fitness and its components in a heterogeneous patient sample. MethodsWe retrospectively collected medical and CPET data from 2320 patients (48.2% females) referred for cycle ergometry at the University Hospital Leuven, Belgium. We assessed clinical determinants of peak CPET indexes of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and its hemodynamic and ventilatory components using stepwise regression and quantified multivariable-adjusted differences in indexes between cases and references. ResultsLower peak load and peak O-2 uptake were related to: higher age, female sex, lower body height and weight, and higher heart rate; to the intake of beta blockers, analgesics, thyroid hormone replacement and benzodiazepines; and to diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation (p < 0.05 for all). Lower peak load also correlated with obstructive pulmonary diseases. Stepwise regression revealed associations of hemodynamic and ventilatory indexes (including heart rate, O-2 pulse, systolic blood pressure and ventilation at peak exercise and ventilatory efficiency) with age, sex, body composition and aforementioned diseases and medications. Multivariable-adjusted differences in CPET metrics between cases and controls confirmed the associations observed. ConclusionWe described known and novel associations of CRF components with demographics, anthropometrics, cardiometabolic and pulmonary diseases and medication intake in a large patient sample. The clinical implications of long-term noncardiovascular drug intake for CPET results require further investigation.
41.	Claesson, Jonas, et al. (author) Intestinal circulation, oxygenation and metabolism is not affected by oleic acid lung injury. 2005 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 25:6, s. 357-363 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This study was performed to establish a platform for further studies on effects of ventilatory treatment modalities on the intestines during mechanical ventilation of acute lung injury (ALI). We tested the hypotheses that oleic acid (OA) infusion causes changes in intestinal circulation, oxygenation and metabolism, and that OA is distributed to tissues outside the lung. This was performed as an experimental, prospective and controlled study in an university animal research laboratory. Thirteen juvenile anaesthetized pigs were used in the main study, where seven were given an intravenous infusion of 0.1 ml kg(-1) OA and six served as control (surgery only). In a separate study, four animals were given an intravenous infusion of 0.1 ml kg(-1) (3)H-labelled OA. We measured systemic and mesenteric (portal venous blood flow, jejunal mucosal perfusion) haemodynamic parameters, mesenteric oxygenation (jejunal tissue oxygen tension) and systemic cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6). We calculated mesenteric lactate flux and mesenteric oxygen delivery, uptake and extraction ratio. In the animals given 3H-OA, we measured 3H-OA in different tissues (lungs, heart, liver, kidney, stomach, jejunum, colon and arterial blood). We found that OA given intravenously is distributed in small amounts to the intestines. This intestinal exposure to OA does not cause intestinal injury when evaluating mesenteric blood flow, metabolism or oxygenation. OA infusion induced a moderate increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a decrease in PaO2/Fraction inspired O2 (P/F) ratio, giving evidence of severe lung injury. Consequently, the OA lung injury model is suitable for studies on intestinal effects of ventilatory treatment modalities during mechanical ventilation of ALI.
42.	da Silva, Cristina, et al. (author) Hemodynamic outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve system : an early assessment 2015 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 35:3, s. 216-222 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background and Aims: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established method for the treatment of high-risk patients with aortic stenosis (AS). The beneficial effects of TAVI in cardiac hemodynamics have been described in recent studies, but those investigations were mostly performed after an interval of more than 6 months following aortic valve implantation. The aim of this study is to investigate the acute and short-term alterations in hemodynamic conditions using the echocardiography outcomes in patients undergoing TAVI. Methods and Results: A total of 60 patients (26 males, 34 females; age 84·7 ± 5·8) who underwent TAVI with CoreValve system were included in the study. Echocardiography was performed before hospital discharge and at 3 months follow-up. As expected, TAVI was associated with an immediate significant improvement in aortic valve area (AVA) (from 0·64 ± 0·16 cm2 to 1·67 ± 0·41 cm2, P-value<0·001) and mean gradient (from 51·9 ± 15·4 mmHg to 8·8 ± 3·8 mmHg, P-value<0·001). At 3-month follow-up, systolic LV function was augmented (EF: 50 ± 14% to 54 ± 11%, P-value = 0·024). Left ventricle (LV) mass and left atrium (LA) volume were significantly reduced (LV mass index from 126·5 ± 30·5 g m-2 to 102·4 ± 32·4 g m-2; LA index from 42·9 ± 17·3 ml m-2 to 33·6 ± 10·6 ml m-2; P-value<0·001 for both). Furthermore, a decrement in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) from 47·5 ± 13·5 mmHg to 42·5 ± 11·2 mmHg, P-value = 0·02 was also observed. Despite the high incidence of paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) (80%), most of the patients presented mild or trace PVR and no significant progress of the regurgitation grade was seen after 3 months. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the beneficial effects of TAVI in cardiac function and hemodynamics occur already after a short period following aortic valve implantation.
43.	Dahlén, Elsa M, et al. (author) Is there an underestimation of intima-media thickness based on M-mode ultrasound technique in the abdominal aorta? 2012 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 32:1, s. 1-4 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Measuring intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid artery (CCA) is a valuable resource for the evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis. The main objective of this study was to explore whether a B-mode ultrasound technique, Philips ATL, and an M-mode ultrasound technique, Wall Track System (WTS), show interchangeable results when measured in CCA and the abdominal aorta (AA). A total of 24 healthy, young subjects were examined. IMT and lumen diameter (LD) of the AA and the CCA were measured twice by two skilled ultrasonographers with two different ultrasound equipment B-mode: (Philips, ATL and M-mode: WTS).The intra-observer variability of IMT in CCA and AA using B-mode showed a coefficient of variation 8% and 9%, and with M-mode 11% and 15%, respectively. Interobserver variability of IMT in CCA and AA using B-mode was 6% and 12%, and with M-mode 11% and 18%, respectively. CCA IMT was 0·53 ± 0·07 and 0·53 ± 0·09 mm using B-mode and M-mode, respectively. However, in AA, IMT was 0·61 ± 0·5 and 0·54 ± 0·10 mm using B-mode and M-mode, respectively. Thus, AA IMT was 11·5% thicker using B-mode (P<0·01). We received adequate IMT readings from the carotid artery as well as the AA using two commonly used B-mode and M-mode techniques. B-mode technique seems to show less variability, especially in the AA. More importantly, the two techniques measured different IMT thickness in the aorta, emphasizing the importance of using similar technique when comparing the impact of absolute values of IMT on cardiovascular disease.
44.	Davidsson, Anette, et al. (author) Influence of reconstruction algorithms on image quality in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging 2017 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 37:6, s. 655-662 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract INTRODUCTION: We investigated if image- and diagnostic quality in SPECT MPI could be maintained despite a reduced acquisition time adding Depth Dependent Resolution Recovery (DDRR) for image reconstruction. Images were compared with filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction using Ordered Subsets Expectation Maximization with (IRAC) and without (IRNC) attenuation correction (AC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stress- and rest imaging for 15 min was performed on 21 subjects with a dual head gamma camera (Infinia Hawkeye; GE Healthcare), ECG-gating with 8 frames/cardiac cycle and a low-dose CT-scan. A 9 min acquisition was generated using five instead of eight gated frames and was reconstructed with DDRR, with (IRACRR) and without AC (IRNCRR) as well as with FBP. Three experienced nuclear medicine specialists visually assessed anonymized images according to eight criteria on a four point scale, three related to image quality and five to diagnostic confidence. Statistical analysis was performed using Visual Grading Regression (VGR).RESULTS: Observer confidence in statements on image quality was highest for the images that were reconstructed using DDRR (P<0·01 compared to FBP). Iterative reconstruction without DDRR was not superior to FBP. Interobserver variability was significant for statements on image quality (P<0·05) but lower in the diagnostic statements on ischemia and scar. The confidence in assessing ischemia and scar was not different between the reconstruction techniques (P = n.s.).CONCLUSION: SPECT MPI collected in 9 min, reconstructed with DDRR and AC, produced better image quality than the standard procedure. The observers expressed the highest diagnostic confidence in the DDRR reconstruction.
45.	De Geer, Jakob, et al. (author) Large variation in blood flow between left ventricular segments, as detected by adenosine stress dynamic CT perfusion. 2015 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 35:4, s. 291-300 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Dynamic cardiac CT perfusion (CTP) is based on repeated imaging during the first-pass contrast agent inflow. It is a relatively new method that still needs validation.PURPOSE: To evaluate the variation in adenosine stress dynamic CTP blood flow as compared to (99m) Tc SPECT. Secondarily, to compare manual and automatic segmentation.METHODS: Seventeen patients with manifest coronary artery disease were included. Nine were excluded from evaluation for various reasons. All patients were examined with dynamic stress CTP and stress/rest SPECT. CTP blood flow was compared with SPECT on a per segment basis. Results for manual and automated AHA segmentation were compared.RESULTS: CTP showed a positive correlation with SPECT, with correlation coefficients of 0·38 and 0·41 for manual and automatic segmentation, respectively (P<0·0001). There was no significant difference between the correlation coefficients of the manual and automated segmentation procedures (P = 0·75). The average per individual global CTP blood flow value for normal segments varied by a factor of 1·9 (manual and automatic segmentation). For the whole patient group, the CTP blood flow value in normal segments varied by a factor of 2·9/2·7 (manual/automatic segmentation). Within each patient, the average per segment blood flow in normal segments varied by a factor of 1·3-2·0/1·2-2·1 (manual/automatic segmentation).CONCLUSION: A positive but rather weak correlation was found between CTP and (99m) Tc SPECT. Large variations in CTP blood flow suggest that a cut-off value for stress myocardial blood flow is inadequate to detect ischaemic segments. Dynamic CTP is hampered by a limited coverage.
46.	D'souza, MA, et al. (author) Membrane cut-off does not influence results regarding the measurement of small molecules - a comparative study between 20- and 100-kDa catheters in hepatic microdialysis 2014 In: Clinical physiology and functional imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-097X .- 1475-0961. ; 34:2, s. 109-113 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
47.	Eiken, Ola, et al. (author) Effects of local arteriosclerosis on carotid baroreflex sensitivity and on heart rate and arterial pressure variability in humans 2006 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 26:1, s. 9-14 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The study examined whether the alterations in heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) observed in patients with coronary artery disease can also be discerned in otherwise healthy subjects with mild-to-moderate arteriosclerosis in the carotid artery bifurcation. Based on the results of carotid duplex ultrasonography, subjects were designated as either having no arteriosclerotic lesions (n = 18), unilateral (n = 19) or bilateral lesions (n = 18) in the bifurcation. Electrocardiograms were recorded and simultaneous and continuous records of arterial pressure were obtained. Resting HRV was determined by calculating the spectral power density in three frequency bands: 0-0.05 Hz [very low frequency (VLF) band], 0.05-0.15 [low frequency (LF) band] and 0.15-2 Hz (high frequency band), whereas the arterial pressure variability (APV) was determined from spectral power density of the VLF and LF bands. Carotid BRS was evaluated by measuring R-R intervals during application of pulse-synchronous graded pressures (40 to -65 mmHg) in a neck-chamber device. Analysis of variance revealed no effect of mild-to-moderate carotid arteriosclerosis on the spectral components of HRV and APV or on BRS. It thus appears that mild-to-moderate asymptomatic carotid arteriosclerosis does not affect carotid BRS, APV or HRV at rest.
48.	Ekelund, Ulf, et al. (author) The validity of the Computer Science and Applications activity monitor for use in coronary artery disease patients during level walking 2002 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 22:4, s. 248-253 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The principal aim of the present study was to examine the validity of the Computer Science and Applications (CSA) activity monitor during level walking in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. As a secondary aim, we evaluated the usefulness of two previously published energy expenditure (EE) prediction equations. Thirty-four subjects (29 men and five women), all with diagnosed CAD, volunteered to participate. Oxygen uptake (VO2) was measured by indirect calorimetry during walking on a motorized treadmill at three different speeds (3·2, 4·8 and 6·4 km h−1). Physical activity was measured simultaneously using the CSA activity monitor, secured directly to the skin on the lower back (i.e. lumbar vertebrae 4–5) with an elastic belt. The mean (±SD) activity counts were 1208 ± 429, 3258 ± 753 and 5351 ± 876 counts min−1, at the three speeds, respectively (P<0·001). Activity counts were significantly correlated to speed (r=0·92; P<0·001), VO2 (ml kg−1 min−1; r=0·87; P<0·001) and EE (kcal min−1; r=0·85, P<0·001). A stepwise linear regression analysis showed that activity counts and body weight together explained 75% of the variation in EE. Predicted EE from previously published equations differed significantly when used in this group of CAD patients. In conclusion, the CSA activity monitor is a valid instrument for assessing the intensity of physical activity during treadmill walking in CAD patients. Energy expenditure can be predicted from body weight and activity counts.
49.	Ekström, Ola, et al. (author) Increasing circulating levels of Tenascin C in response to the Wingate Anaerobic test 2023 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:4, s. 271-277 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract AIM: Tenascin C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein. It is involved in development and upregulated both during tissue repair and in several pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease. Extracellular matrix proteins play a role in promoting exercise responses, leading to adaptation, regeneration, and repair. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether a short anaerobic effort leads to increased levels of TNC in serum.METHODS: Thirty-nine healthy men performed a Wingate test followed by a muscle biopsy. Myoblasts were isolated from the muscle biopsies and differentiated to myotubes ex vivo. TNC RNA was quantified in the biopsies, myotubes and myoblasts using RNA sequencing. Blood samples were drawn before and 5 min after the Wingate test. Serum TNC levels were measured using ELISA.RESULTS: After the Wingate test, serum TNC increased on average by 23% [15-33], median [IQR]; P Wilcoxon < 0.0001. This increase is correlated with peak power output and power drop, but not with VO 2max . TNC RNA expression is higher in myoblasts and myotubes compared to skeletal muscle tissue. CONCLUSION: TNC is secreted systemically as a response to the Wingate anaerobic test in healthy males. The response was positively correlated with peak power and power drop, but not with VO 2max which implicates a relation to mechanical strain and/or blood flow. With higher expression in undifferentiated myoblast cells than muscle tissue, it is likely that TNC plays a role in muscle tissue remodelling in humans. Our findings open for research on how TNC contributes to exercise adaptation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
50.	El-Saadi, Walid, et al. (author) Four- to seven-year follow-up of pharmacological postconditioning with mangafodipir as an adjunct to primary PCI in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction 2023 In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : WILEY. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:6, s. 413-420 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract IntroductionAdverse left ventricular remodelling (AR) develops over time in approximately 30% of patients with a history of coronary artery disease. AR manifests as a structural change in the left ventricle (LV) in terms of increased volumes and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Manganese dipyridoxyl diphosphate (mangafodipir) has demonstrated interesting cardioprotective features in acute myocardial ischaemia. Pharmacological postconditioning (PP) with mangafodipir as an adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention may possibly reduce the development of AR over time in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this 4-7-year follow-up study is to investigate the potential benefits of PP with mangafodipir in STEMI patients. MethodThirteen out of the initial 20 patients that were included in the primary study of Karlsson et al. were followed up between April and June 2017. The study group underwent review of the hospital records, a clinical examination with ECG and blood sample analysis before cardiac magnetic resonance examination of the patient. LVEF, left ventricular diastolic volume, left ventricular end systolic volume, LV mass and myocardial strain in all directions were computed. ResultsThe PP group showed a decrease in LV volume, mass and higher LVEF at follow-up (p < 0.05) while the individual response of the placebo group showed features that are seen in AR. Although there was no difference in myocardial strain, measurement for the PP-group was higher in absolute terms. ConclusionPharmacological postconditioning with mangafodipir in STEMI demonstrated cardioprotective features compared to the placebo group at follow-up. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka

Permalink

Result 1-50 of 355

Refine your search

Type of publication: journal article (349); research review (6)

Type of content: peer-reviewed (352); other academic/artistic (2); pop. science, debate, etc. (1)

Author/Editor: Wollmer, Per (24); Arheden, Håkan (24); Lind, Lars (21); Trägårdh, Elin (17); Carlsson, Marcus (15); Edenbrandt, Lars (14); show more...; Dencker, Magnus (14); Greiff, Lennart (13); Engvall, Jan (12); Engblom, Henrik (11); Heiberg, Einar (11); Edenbrandt, Lars, 19 ... (11); Henein, Michael Y. (10); Lindqvist, Per (10); Thorsson, Ola (10); Hedström, Erik (10); Ugander, Martin (9); Andersson, Morgan (8); Brodin, Lars-Åke (8); Winter, Reidar (8); Johansson, Lars (7); Brudin, Lars (7); Ohlsson, Mattias (7); Jonson, Björn (7); Enqvist, Olof, 1981 (7); Nylander, Eva (7); Persson, Carl (7); Friberg, Peter, 1956 (7); Steding-Ehrenborg, K ... (7); Blomstrand, Peter (7); Bytyci, Ibadete (6); Rådegran, Göran (6); Pahlm, Olle (6); Palmer, John (6); Hedberg, Pär (6); Wohlfart, Björn (6); Janson, Christer (5); Ahlström, Håkan (5); Nowak, J. (5); Johansson, Göran (5); Waldenström, Anders (5); Ulen, Johannes (5); Agewall, S (5); Jogestrand, T (5); Wagner, Galen S (5); Ostenfeld, Ellen (5); Eiken, Ola (5); Minarik, David (5); Nihlén, Ulf (5); Cain, Peter (5); show less...

University: Lund University (148); Karolinska Institutet (70); Linköping University (53); University of Gothenburg (51); Uppsala University (50); Umeå University (33); show more...; Royal Institute of Technology (23); Örebro University (17); Jönköping University (11); Chalmers University of Technology (9); Malmö University (3); Mid Sweden University (2); Halmstad University (1); Stockholm University (1); University of Gävle (1); The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (1); RISE (1); show less...

Language: English (355)

Research subject (UKÄ/SCB): Medical and Health Sciences (260); Engineering and Technology (20); Natural sciences (2)

Year

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

LIBRIS.kb.se

Copy and save the link in order to return to this view