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1.
  • Blennow, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Neutrinos from WIMP annihilations obtained using a full three-flavor Monte Carlo approach
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :1, s. 21-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are one of the main candidates for making up the dark matter in the Universe. If these particles make up the dark matter, then they can be captured by the Sun or the Earth, sink to the respective cores, annihilate, and produce neutrinos. Thus, these neutrinos can be a striking dark matter signature at neutrino telescopes looking towards the Sun and/or the Earth. Here, we improve previous analyses on computing the neutrino yields from WIMP annihilations in several respects. We include neutrino oscillations in a full three-flavor framework as well as all effects from neutrino interactions on the way through the Sun (absorption, energy loss, and regeneration from tau decays). In addition, we study the effects of non-zero values of the mixing angle theta(13) as well as the normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchies. Our study is performed in an event-based setting which makes these results very useful both for theoretical analyses and for building a neutrino telescope Monte Carlo code. All our results for the neutrino yields, as well as our Monte Carlo code, are publicly available. We find that the yield of muontype neutrinos from WIMP annihilations in the Sun is enhanced or suppressed, depending on the dominant WIMP annihilation channel. This effect is due to an effective favor mixing caused by neutrino oscillations. For WIMP annihilations inside the Earth, the distance from source to detector is too small to allow for any significant amount of oscillations at the neutrino energies relevant for neutrino telescopes.
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2.
  • Hällgren, Tomas, et al. (författare)
  • Triplet leptogenesis in left-right symmetric seesaw models
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing / SISSA. - 1475-7516. ; 2008:01, s. 014-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We discuss scalar triplet leptogenesis in a specific left-right symmetric seesaw model. We show that the Majorana phases that are present in the model can be effectively used to saturate the existing upper limit on the CP-asymmetry of the triplets. We solve the relevant Boltzmann equations and analyze the viability of triplet leptogenesis. It is known for this kind of scenario that the efficiency of leptogenesis is maximal if there exists a hierarchy between the branching ratios of the triplet decays into leptons and Higgs particles. We show that triplet leptogenesis typically favors branching ratios with not too strong hierarchies, since maximal efficiency can only be obtained at the expense of suppressed CP-asymmetries.
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3.
  • Lindner, Manfred, et al. (författare)
  • Soft L-e - L-mu - L-tau flavour symmetry breaking and sterile neutrino keV Dark Matter
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2011:01, s. 034-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We discuss how a L-e - L-mu - L-tau flavour symmetry that is softly broken leads to keV sterile neutrinos, which are a prime candidate for Warm Dark Matter. This is to our knowledge the first model where flavour symmetries are applied simultaneously to active and sterile neutrinos explaining at the same time active neutrino properties and this peculiar Dark Matter scenario. The essential point is that different scales of the symmetry breaking and the symmetry preserving entries in the mass matrix lead to one right- handed neutrino which is nearly massless compared to the other two. Furthermore, we naturally predict vanishing theta(13) and maximal theta(23), while the correct value of theta(12) must come from the mixing of the charged leptons. We can furthermore predict an exact mass spectrum for the light neutrinos, which will be testable in the very near future.
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4.
  • Addazi, Andrea, et al. (författare)
  • Gravitational echoes of lepton number symmetry breaking with light and ultralight Majorons
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - 1475-7516. ; 2023:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We formulate a version of the low-scale Majoron model equipped with an inverse seesaw mechanism featuring lepton-number preserving dimension-6 operators in the scalar potential. Contrary to its dimension-4 counterpart, we find that the model can simultaneously provide light and ultralight Majorons, neutrino masses and their mixing, while featuring strong first-order cosmological phase transitions associated to the spontaneous breaking of the lepton number and the electroweak symmetries in the early Universe. We show by a detailed numerical analysis under which circumstances the model can be probed via the primordial gravitational wave spectrum potentially observable at LISA and other planned facilities. We discuss which implications result for collider physics observables, such as scalar trilinear couplings, the scalar mixing angle and the mass of a new CP-even Higgs boson.
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5.
  • Adrian-Martinez, S., et al. (författare)
  • A first search for coincident gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present the results of the first search for gravitational wave bursts associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy, particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line configuration during the period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and first science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with the neutrino events. No significant coincident events were observed. We place limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of merger and core-collapse events.
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6.
  • Blennow, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Neutrinos from Kaluza-Klein dark matter in the Sun
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing / SISSA. - 1475-7516. ; 2010:01, s. 018-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigate indirect neutrino signals from annihilations of Kaluza-Klein dark matter in the Sun. Especially, we examine a five- as well as a six-dimensional model, and allow for the possibility that boundary localized terms could affect the spectrum to give different lightest Kaluza-Klein particles, which could constitute the dark matter. The dark matter candidates that are interesting for the purpose of indirect detection of neutrinos are the first Kaluza-Klein mode of the U(1) gauge boson and the neutral component of the SU(2) gauge bosons. Using the DarkSUSY and WimpSim packages, we calculate muon fluxes at an Earth-based neutrino telescope, such as IceCube. For the five-dimensional model, the results hat we obtained agree reasonably well with the results that have previously been presented in the literature, whereas for the six-dimensional model, we find that, at tree-level, the results are the same as for the five-dimensional model. Finally, if the first Kaluza-Klein mode of the U(1) gauge boson constitutes the dark matter, IceCube can constrain the parameter space. However, in the case that the neutral component of the SU(2) gauge bosons is the LKP, the signal is too weak to be observed.
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7.
  • Calogero, Simone, 1974, et al. (författare)
  • Cosmology with matter diffusion
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2013:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We construct a viable cosmological model based on velocity diffusion of matter particles. In order to ensure the conservation of the total energy- momentum tensor in the presence of diffusion, we include a cosmological scalar field phi which we identify with the dark energy component of the universe. The model is characterized by only one new degree of freedom, the diffusion parameter sigma. The standard Lambda CDM model can be recovered by setting sigma = 0. If diffusion takes place (sigma > 0) the dynamics of the matter and of the dark energy fields are coupled. We argue that the existence of a diffusion mechanism in the universe may serve as a theoretical motivation for interacting models. We constrain the background dynamics of the diffusion model with Supernovae, H(z) and BAO data. We also perform a perturbative analysis of this model in order to understand structure formation in the universe. We calculate the impact of diffusion both on the CMB spectrum, with particular attention to the integrated Sachs-Wolfe signal, and on the matter power spectrum P(k). The latter analysis places strong constraints on the magnitude of the diffusion mechanism but does not rule out the model.
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8.
  • Catena, Riccardo, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • WIMP capture by the Sun in the effective theory of dark matter self-interactions
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the capture of WIMP dark matter by the Sun in the non-relativistic effective theory of dark matter self-interactions. The aim is to assess how self-interactions affect the expected neutrino flux coming from WIMP annihilation in the Sun, and to do so in a model independent manner. We consider all non-relativistic Galilean invariant selfinteraction operators that can arise from the exchange of a heavy particle of spin less than or equal to 1 for WIMPs of spin equal to 0, 1/ 2 and 1. We show that for interaction operators depending at most linearly on the momentum transfer, the WIMP-induced neutrino flux can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude compared to the same flux in absence of self-interactions. This is true even for standard values of the thermally averaged annihilation cross-section. This conclusion impacts the analysis of present and future observations performed at neutrino telescopes.
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9.
  • Freitas, Felipe F., et al. (författare)
  • Impact of SM parameters and of the vacua of the Higgs potential in gravitational waves detection
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2022:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work we discuss two different phases of a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model (SM) together with an extension that also includes new fermion fields, in particular, a Majoron model equipped with an inverse seesaw mechanism. All considered scenarios contain a global U(1) symmetry and allow for first-order phase transitions while only two of them are strong enough to favour the detection of primordial gravitational waves (GWs) in planned experiments such as LISA. In particular, this is shown to be possible in the singlet extension with a non vanishing real VEV at zero temperature and also in the model with extra fermions. In the singlet extension with no additional fermions, the detection of GWs strongly depends on the U(1) symmetry breaking pattern of the scalar potential at zero temperature. We study for the first time the impact of the precision in the determination of the SM parameters on the strength of the GWs spectrum. It turns out that the variation of the SM parameters such as the Higgs boson mass and top quark Yukawa coupling in their allowed experimental ranges has a notable impact on GWs detectability prospects.
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10.
  • Freitas, Felipe F., et al. (författare)
  • Ultralight bosons for strong gravity applications from simple Standard Model extensions
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2021:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We construct families, and concrete examples, of simple extensions of the Standard Model that can yield ultralight real or complex vectors or scalars with potential astrophysical relevance. Specifically, the mass range for these putative fundamental bosons (∼ 10-10-10-20 eV) would lead dynamically to both new non-black hole compact objects (bosonic stars) and new non-Kerr black holes, with masses of ∼ Mo˙ to ∼ 1010 Mo˙, corresponding to the mass range of astrophysical black hole candidates (from stellar mass to supermassive). For each model, we study the properties of the mass spectrum and interactions after spontaneous symmetry breaking, discuss its theoretical viability and caveats, as well as some of its potential and most relevant phenomenological implications linking them to the physics of compact objects.
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11.
  • Frommert, Mona, et al. (författare)
  • The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the CMB
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigate the statistics of the cosmic microwave background using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. We show that, when we correctly de-correlate the data, the partition function of the Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter is compatible with the Kolmogorov distribution and, contrary to previous claims, the CMB data are compatible with Gaussian fluctuations with the correlation function given by standard ΛCDM. We then use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to derive upper bounds on residual point source power in the CMB, and indicate the promise of this statistics for further datasets, especially Planck, to search for deviations from Gaussianity and for detecting point sources and Galactic foregrounds.
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12.
  • Hällgren, Tomas, et al. (författare)
  • Indirect detection of Kaluza-Klein dark matter from latticized universal dimensions
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing / SISSA. - 1475-7516. ; 2006:06, s. 014-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We consider Kaluza-Klein dark matter from latticized universal dimensions. We investigate two different lattice models, where the models differ in the choice of boundary conditions. The models reproduce relevant features of the continuum model for Kaluza-Klein dark matter. For the model with simple boundary conditions, this is the case even for a model with only a few lattice sites. We study the effects of the latticization on the differential flux of positrons from annihilation of Kaluza-Klein dark matter in the galactic halo. We find that for different choices of the compactification radius, the differential positron flux rapidly converges to the continuum model results as a function of the number of lattice sites. In addition, we consider the prospects for upcoming space-based experiments such as PAMELA and AMS-02 to probe the latticization effect.
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13.
  • J., Adam, et al. (författare)
  • Study of cosmic ray events with high muon multiplicity using the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2016:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • ALICE is one of four large experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, specially designed to study particle production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Located 52 meters underground with 28 meters of overburden rock, it has also been used to detect muons produced by cosmic ray interactions in the upper atmosphere. In this paper, we present the multiplicity distribution of these atmospheric muons and its comparison with Monte Carlo simulations. This analysis exploits the large size and excellent tracking capability of the ALICE Time Projection Chamber. A special emphasis is given to the study of high multiplicity events containing more than 100 reconstructed muons and corresponding to a muon areal density ρμ > 5.9 m-2. Similar events have been studied in previous underground experiments such as ALEPH and DELPHI at LEP. While these experiments were able to reproduce the measured muon multiplicity distribution with Monte Carlo simulations at low and intermediate multiplicities, their simulations failed to describe the frequency of the highest multiplicity events. In this work we show that the high multiplicity events observed in ALICE stem from primary cosmic rays with energies above 1016 eV and that the frequency of these events can be successfully described by assuming a heavy mass composition of primary cosmic rays in this energy range. The development of the resulting air showers was simulated using the latest version of QGSJET to model hadronic interactions. This observation places significant constraints on alternative, more exotic, production mechanisms for these events. © 2016 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration.
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14.
  • Jönsson, Jakob, et al. (författare)
  • Tentative detection of the gravitational magnification of Type Ia supernovae
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2007:6, s. 002-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The flux from distant Type Ia supernovae (SNe) is likely to be amplified or de-amplified by gravitational lensing due to matter distributions along the line of sight. A gravitationally lensed supernova would appear brighter or fainter than the average SN at a particular redshift. We estimate the magnification of 26 SNe in the GOODS fields and search for a correlation with the residual magnitudes of the SNe. The residual magnitude, i.e. the difference between observed and average magnitude predicted by the 'concordance model' of the Universe, indicates the deviation in flux from the average SN. The linear correlation coefficient for this sample is r = 0.29. For a similar, but uncorrelated sample, the probability of obtaining a correlation coefficient equal to or higher than this value is ~10%, i.e. a tentative detection of lensing at ~90% confidence level. Although the evidence for a correlation is weak, our result is in accordance with what could be expected given the small size of the sample.
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15.
  • Kavanagh, Bradley J., et al. (författare)
  • Signatures of Earth-scattering in the direct detection of Dark Matter
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2017:1, s. 012-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Direct detection experiments search for the interactions of Dark Matter (DM) particles with nuclei in terrestrial detectors. But if these interactions are sufficiently strong, DM particles may scatter in the Earth, affecting their distribution in the lab. We present a new analytic calculation of this 'Earth-scattering' effect in the regime where DM particles scatter at most once before reaching the detector. We perform the calculation self-consistently, taking into account not only those particles which are scattered away from the detector, but also those particles which are deflected towards the detector. Taking into account a realistic model of the Earth and allowing for a range of DM-nucleon interactions, we present the EarthShadow code, which we make publicly available, for calculating the DM velocity distribution after Earth-scattering. Focusing on low-mass DM, we find that Earth-scattering reduces the direct detection rate at certain detector locations while increasing the rate in others. The Earth's rotation induces a daily modulation in the rate, which we find to be highly sensitive to the detector latitude and to the form of the DM-nucleon interaction. These distinctive signatures would allow us to unambiguously detect DM and perhaps even identify its interactions in regions of the parameter space within the reach of current and future experiments.
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16.
  • Morais, António P., et al. (författare)
  • Probing multi-step electroweak phase transition with multi-peaked primordial gravitational waves spectra
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2020:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Multi-peaked spectra of the primordial gravitational waves are considered as a phenomenologically relevant source of information about the dynamics of sequential phase transitions in the early Universe. In particular, such signatures trace back to specific patterns of the first-order electroweak phase transition in the early Universe occurring in multiple steps. Such phenomena appear to be rather generic in multi-scalar extensions of the Standard Model. In a particularly simple extension of the Higgs sector, we have identified and studied the emergence of sequential long- and short-lasting transitions as well as their fundamental role in generation of multi-peaked structures in the primordial gravitational-wave spectrum. We discuss the potential detectability of these signatures by the proposed gravitational-wave interferometers.
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17.
  • Pasechnik, Roman, et al. (författare)
  • Dark Energy from graviton-mediated interactions in the QCD vacuum
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Adopting the hypothesis about the exact cancellation of vacuum condensates contributions to the ground state energy in particle physics to the leading order in graviton-mediated interactions, we argue that the observable cosmological constant can be dynamically induced by an uncompensated quantum gravity correction to them after the QCD phase transition epoch. To start with, we demonstrate a possible cancellation of the quark-gluon condensate contribution to the total vacuum energy density of the Universe at temperatures T < 100 MeV without taking into account the graviton-mediated effects. In order to incorporate the latter, we then calculate the leading-order quantum correction to the classical Einstein equations due to metric fluctuations induced by the non-perturbative vacuum fluctuations of the gluon and quark fields in the quasiclassical approximation. It has been demonstrated that such a correction to the vacuum energy density has a form epsilon(Lambda) similar to G Lambda(6)(QCD), where G is the gravitational constant, and Lambda(QCD) is the QCD scale parameter. We analyze capabilities of this approach based on the synthesis between quantum gravity in quasiclassical approximation and theory of non-perturbative QCD vacuum for quantitative explanation of the observed Dark Energy density.
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18.
  • Prokhorov, George, et al. (författare)
  • Light meson gas in the QCD vacuum and oscillating universe
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2018:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have developed a phenomenological effective quantum-field theoretical model describing the "hadron gas" of the lightest pseudoscalar mesons, scalar σ-meson and σ-vacuum, i.e. the expectation value of the σ-field, at finite temperatures. The corresponding thermodynamic approach was formulated in terms of the generating functional derived from the effective Lagrangian providing the basic thermodynamic information about the "meson plasma + QCD condensate" system. This formalism enables us to study the QCD transition from the hadron phase with direct implications for cosmological evolution. Using the hypothesis about a positively-definite QCD vacuum contribution stochastically produced in early universe, we show that the universe could undergo a series of oscillations during the QCD epoch before resuming unbounded expansion.
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19.
  • Vieu, Thibault, et al. (författare)
  • Electroweak phase transitions in multi-Higgs models : The case of Trinification-inspired THDSM
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2018:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The rich vacuum structure of multi-Higgs extensions of the Standard Model (SM) may have interesting cosmological implications for the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). As an important example of such class of models, we consider a particularly simple low-energy SM-like limit of a recently proposed Grand-Unified Trinification model with the scalar sector composed of two Higgs doublets and a complex singlet and with a global U(1) family symmetry. The fermion sector of this model is extended with a family of vector-like quarks which enhances CP violation. With the current study, we aim at exploring the generic vacuum structure and uncovering the features of the EWPT in this model relevant for cosmology. We show the existence of different phase transition patterns providing strong departure from thermal equilibrium. Most of these observations are not specific to the considered model and may generically be expected in other multi-Higgs extensions of the SM.
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20.
  • Green, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • Light fields during inflation from BOSS and future galaxy surveys
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; 2024:05
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Primordial non-Gaussianity generated by additional fields present during inflation offers a compelling observational target for galaxy surveys. These fields are of significant theoretical interest since they offer a window into particle physics in the inflaton sector. They also violate the single-field consistency conditions and induce a scale-dependent bias in the galaxy power spectrum. In this paper, we explore this particular signal for light scalar fields and study the prospects for measuring it with galaxy surveys. We find that the sensitivities of current and future surveys are remarkably stable for different configurations, including between spectroscopic and photometric redshift measurements. This is even the case at non-zero masses where the signal is not obviously localized on large scales. For realistic galaxy number densities, we demonstrate that the redshift range and galaxy bias of the sample have the largest impact on the sensitivity in the power spectrum. These results additionally motivated us to explore the potentially enhanced sensitivity of Vera Rubin Observatory's LSST through multi-tracer analyses. Finally, we apply this understanding to current data from the last data release of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR12) and place new constraints on light fields coupled to the inflaton.
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21.
  • He, Yutong, et al. (författare)
  • Modified propagation of gravitational waves from the early radiation era
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the propagation of cosmological gravitational wave (GW) backgrounds from the early radiation era until the present day in modified theories of gravity. Comparing to general relativity (GR), we study the effects that modified gravity parameters, such as the GW friction & alpha;M and the tensor speed excess & alpha;T, have on the present-day GW spectrum. We use both the WKB estimate, which provides an analytical description but fails at superhorizon scales, and numerical simulations that allow us to go beyond the WKB approximation. We show that a constant & alpha;T makes relatively insignificant changes to the GR solution, especially taking into account the constraints on its value from GW observations by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, while & alpha;M can introduce modifications to the spectral slopes of the GW energy spectrum in the low-frequency regime depending on the considered time evolution of & alpha;M. The latter effect is additional to the damping or growth occurring equally at all scales that can be predicted by the WKB approximation. In light of the recent observations by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations, and the potential observations by future detectors such as SKA, LISA, DECIGO, BBO, or ET, we show that, in most of the cases, constraints cannot be placed on the effects of & alpha;M and the initial GW energy density E*GW separately, but only on the combined effects of the two, unless the signal is observed at different frequency ranges. In particular, we provide some constraints on the combined effects from the reported PTA observations.
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22.
  • Abdo, A. A., et al. (författare)
  • Constraints on cosmological dark matter annihilation from the Fermi-LAT isotropic diffuse gamma-ray measurement
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2010:04
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The first published Fermi large area telescope (Fermi-LAT) measurement of the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission is in good agreement with a single power law, and is not showing any signature of a dominant contribution from dark matter sources in the energy range from 20 to 100 GeV. We use the absolute size and spectral shape of this measured flux to derive cross section limits on three types of generic dark matter candidates: annihilating into quarks, charged leptons and monochromatic photons. Predicted gamma-ray fluxes from annihilating dark matter are strongly affected by the underlying distribution of dark matter, and by using different available results of matter structure formation we assess these uncertainties. We also quantify how the dark matter constraints depend on the assumed conventional backgrounds and on the Universe's transparency to high-energy gamma-rays. In reasonable background and dark matter structure scenarios (but not in all scenarios we consider) it is possible to exclude models proposed to explain the excess of electrons and positrons measured by the Fermi-LAT and PAMELA experiments. Derived limits also start to probe cross sections expected from thermally produced relics (e. g. in minimal supersymmetry models) annihilating predominantly into quarks. For the monochromatic gamma-ray signature, the current measurement constrains only dark matter scenarios with very strong signals.
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23.
  • Agarwalla, Sanjib, et al. (författare)
  • Neutrino Probes of the Nature of Light Dark Matter
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dark matter particles gravitationally trapped inside the Sun may annihilate into Standard Model particles, producing a flux of neutrinos. The prospects of detecting these neutrinos in future multi-kt neutrino detectors designed for other physics searches are explored here. We study the capabilities of a 34/100 kt liquid argon detector and a 100 kt magnetized iron calorimeter detector. These detectors are expected to determine the energy and the direction of the incoming neutrino with unprecedented precision allowing for tests of the dark matter nature at very low dark matter masses, in the range of 10–25 GeV. By suppressing the atmospheric background with angular cuts, these techniques would be sensitive to dark matter-nucleon spin-dependent cross sections at the fb level, reaching down to a few ab for the most favorable annihilation channels and detector technology.
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24.
  • Blennow, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • A halo-independent lower bound on the dark matter capture rate in the Sun from a direct detection signal
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; :05
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We show that a positive signal in a dark matter (DM) direct detection experiment can be used to place a lower bound on the DM capture rate in the Sun, independent of the DM halo. For a given particle physics model and DM mass we obtain a lower bound on the capture rate independent of the local DM density, velocity distribution, galactic escape velocity, as well as the scattering cross section. We illustrate this lower bound on the capture rate by assuming that upcoming direct detection experiments will soon obtain a significant signal. When comparing the lower bound on the capture rate with limits on the high-energy neutrino flux from the Sun from neutrino telescopes, we can place upper limits on the branching fraction of DM annihilation channels leading to neutrinos. With current data from IceCube and Super-Kamiokande non-trivial limits can be obtained for spin-dependent interactions and direct annihilations into neutrinos. In some cases also annihilations into tau tau or bb start getting constrained. For spin-independent interactions current constraints are weak, but they may become interesting for data from future neutrino telescopes.
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25.
  • Blennow, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Halo-independent tests of dark matter direct detection signals : Local DM density, LHC, and thermal freeze-out
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2015:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • From an assumed signal in a Dark Matter (DM) direct detection experiment a lower bound on the product of the DM-nucleon scattering cross section and the local DM density is derived, which is independent of the local DM velocity distribution. This can be combined with astrophysical determinations of the local DM density. Within a given particle physics model the bound also allows a robust comparison of a direct detection signal with limits from the LHC. Furthermore, the bound can be used to formulate a condition which has to be fulfilled if the particle responsible for the direct detection signal is a thermal relic, regardless of whether it constitutes all DM or only part of it. We illustrate the arguments by adopting a simplified DM model with a Z' mediator and assuming a signal in a future xenon direct detection experiment.
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26.
  • Blennow, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Pinning down inelastic dark matter in the Sun and in direct detection
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; 2016:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the solar capture rate of inelastic dark matter with endothermic and/or exothermic interactions. By assuming that an inelastic dark matter signal will be observed in next generation direct detection experiments we can set a lower bound on the capture rate that is independent of the local dark matter density, the velocity distribution, the galactic escape velocity as well as the scattering cross section. In combination with upper limits from neutrino observatories we can place upper bounds on the annihilation channels leading to neutrinos. We find that, while endothermic scattering limits are weak in the isospin-conserving case, strong bounds may be set for exothermic interactions, in particular in the spin-dependent case. Furthermore, we study the implications of observing two direct detection signals, in which case one can halo-independently obtain the dark matter mass and the mass splitting, and disentangle the endothermic/exothermic nature of the scattering. Finally we discuss isospin violation.
  •  
27.
  • Challinor, A., et al. (författare)
  • Exploring cosmic origins with CORE : Gravitational lensing of the CMB
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is now a well-developed probe of the clustering of the large-scale mass distribution over a broad range of redshifts. By exploiting the non-Gaussian imprints of lensing in the polarization of the CMB, the CORE mission will allow production of a clean map of the lensing deflections over nearly the full-sky. The number of high-SAN modes in this map will exceed current CMB lensing maps by a factor of 40, and the measurement will be sample-variance limited on all scales where linear theory is valid. Here, we summarise this mission product and discuss the science that will follow from its power spectrum and the cross-correlation with other clustering data. For example, the summed mass of neutrinos will be determined to an accuracy of 17 meV combining CORE lensing and CMB two-point information with contemporaneous measurements of the baryon acoustic oscillation feature in the clustering of galaxies, three times smaller than the minimum total mass allowed by neutrino oscillation measurements. Lensing has applications across many other science goals of CORE, including the search for B-mode polarization from primordial gravitational waves. Here, lens-induced B-modes will dominate over instrument noise, limiting constraints on the power spectrum amplitude of primordial gravitational waves. With lensing reconstructed by CORE, one can delens the observed polarization internally, reducing the lensing B-mode power by 60 %. This can be improved to 70 % by combining lensing and measurements of the cosmic infrared background from CORE, leading to an improvement of a factor of 2.5 in the error on the amplitude of primordial gravitational waves compared to no delensing (in the null hypothesis of no primordial B-modes). Lensing measurements from CORE will allow calibration of the halo masses of the tens of thousands of galaxy clusters that it will find, with constraints dominated by the clean polarization-based estimators. The 19 frequency channels proposed for CORE will allow accurate removal of Galactic emission from CMB maps. We present initial findings that show that residual Galactic foreground contamination will not be a significant source of bias for lensing power spectrum measurements with CORE.
  •  
28.
  • Gümrükçüoğlu, A. E., et al. (författare)
  • Cosmology in bimetric theory with an effective composite coupling to matter
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2015:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the cosmology of bimetric theory with a composite matter coupling. We find two possible branches of background evolution. We investigate the question of stability of cosmological perturbations. For the tensor and vector perturbations, we derive conditions on the absence of ghost and gradient instabilities. For the scalar modes, we obtain conditions for avoiding ghost degrees. In the first branch, we find that one of the scalar modes becomes a ghost at the late stages of the evolution. Conversely, this problem can be avoided in the second branch. However, we also find that the constraint for the second branch prevents the doubly coupled matter fields from being the standard ingredients of cosmology. We thus conclude that a realistic and stable cosmological model requires additional minimally coupled matter fields.
  •  
29.
  • Nguyen, Nhat-Minh, et al. (författare)
  • Impacts of the physical data model on the forward inference of initial conditions from biased tracers
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigate the impact of each ingredient in the employed physical data model on the Bayesian forward inference of initial conditions from biased tracers at the field level. Specifically, we use dark matter halos in a given cosmological simulation volume as tracers of the underlying matter density field. We study the effect of tracer density, grid resolution, gravity model, bias model and likelihood on the inferred initial conditions. We find that the cross-correlation coefficient between true and inferred phases reacts weakly to all ingredients above, and is well predicted by the theoretical expectation derived from a Gaussian model on a broad range of scales. The bias in the amplitude of the inferred initial conditions, on the other hand, depends strongly on the bias model and the likelihood. We conclude that the bias model and likelihood hold the key to an unbiased cosmological inference. Together they must keep the systematics - which arise from the sub-grid physics that are marginalized over - under control in order to obtain an unbiased inference.
  •  
30.
  • Niblaeus, Carl, et al. (författare)
  • Neutrinos and gamma rays from long-lived mediator decays in the Sun
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigate a scenario where dark matter (DM) particles can be captured and accumulate in the Sun, and subsequently annihilate into a pair of long-lived mediators. These mediators can decay further out in the Sun or outside of the Sun. Compared to the standard scenario where DM particles annihilate directly into Standard Model particles close to the solar core, here we also obtain fluxes of gamma rays and charged cosmic rays. We simulate this scenario using a full three-dimensional model of the Sun, and include interactions and neutrino oscillations. In particular, we perform a model-independent study of the complementarity between neutrino and gamma ray fluxes by comparing the recent searches from IceCube, Super-Kamiokande, Fermi-LAT, ARGO and HAWC. We find that the resulting neutrino fluxes are significantly higher at high energy when the mediators decay further out in the Sun. We also find that gamma ray searches place stronger constraints than neutrino searches on these models even in cases where the mediators decay mainly inside the Sun, except in the approximately inner 10% of the Sun where neutrino searches are more powerful. We present our results in a model-independent manner and release a new version of the WimpSim code that can be used to simulate this scenario for arbitrary mediator models.
  •  
31.
  • Scott, P., et al. (författare)
  • Use of event-level neutrino telescope data in global fits for theories of new physics
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :11, s. 057-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present a fast likelihood method for including event-level neutrino telescope data in parameter explorations of theories for new physics, and announce its public release as part of DarkSUSY 5.0.6. Our construction includes both angular and spectral information about neutrino events, as well as their total number. We also present a corresponding measure for simple model exclusion, which can be used for single models without reference to the rest of a parameter space. We perform a number of supersymmetric parameter scans with IceCube data to illustrate the utility of the method: example global fits and a signal recovery in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMSSM), and a model exclusion exercise in a 7-parameter phenomenological version of the MSSM. The final IceCube detector con figuration will probe almost the entire focus-point region of the CMSSM, as well as a number of MSSM-7 models that will not otherwise be accessible to e. g. direct detection. Our method accurately recovers the mock signal, and provides tight constraints on model parameters and derived quantities. We show that the inclusion of spectral information significantly improves the accuracy of the recovery, providing motivation for its use in future IceCube analyses.
  •  
32.
  • Aartsen, M. G., et al. (författare)
  • Constraints on neutrino emission from nearby galaxies using the 2MASS redshift survey and IceCube
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The distribution of galaxies within the local universe is characterized by anisotropic features. Observatories searching for the production sites of astrophysical neutrinos can take advantage of these features to establish directional correlations between a neutrino dataset and overdensities in the galaxy distribution in the sky. The results of two correlation searches between a seven-year time-integrated neutrino dataset from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, and the 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) catalog are presented here. The first analysis searches for neutrinos produced via interactions between diffuse intergalactic Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) and the matter contained within galaxies. The second analysis searches for low-luminosity sources within the local universe, which would produce subthreshold multiplets in the IceCube dataset that directionally correlate with galaxy distribution. No significant correlations were observed in either analyses. Constraints are presented on the flux of neutrinos originating within the local universe through diffuse intergalactic UHECR interactions, as well as on the density of standard candle sources of neutrinos at low luminosities.
  •  
33.
  • Aartsen, M. G., et al. (författare)
  • Efficient propagation of systematic uncertainties from calibration to analysis with the SnowStorm method in IceCube
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1475-7516. ; :10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Efficient treatment of systematic uncertainties that depend on a large number of nuisance parameters is a persistent difficulty in particle physics and astrophysics experiments. Where low-level effects are not amenable to simple parameterization or re-weighting, analyses often rely on discrete simulation sets to quantify the effects of nuisance parameters on key analysis observables. Such methods may become computationally untenable for analyses requiring high statistics Monte Carlo with a large number of nuisance degrees of freedom, especially in cases where these degrees of freedom parameterize the shape of a continuous distribution. In this paper we present a method for treating systematic uncertainties in a computationally efficient and comprehensive manner using a single simulation set with multiple and continuously varied nuisance parameters. This method is demonstrated for the case of the depth-dependent effective dust distribution within the IceCube Neutrino Telescope.
  •  
34.
  • Aartsen, M. G., et al. (författare)
  • Searches for neutrinos from cosmic-ray interactions in the Sun using seven years of IceCube data
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; :2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cosmic-ray interactions with the solar atmosphere are expected to produce particle showers which in turn produce neutrinos from weak decays of mesons. These solar atmospheric neutrinos (SA nu s) have never been observed experimentally. A detection would be an important step in understanding cosmic-ray propagation in the inner solar system and the dynamics of solar magnetic fields. SA nu s also represent an irreducible background to solar dark matter searches and a detection would allow precise characterization of this background. Here, we present the first experimental search based on seven years of data collected from May 2010 to May 2017 in the austral winter with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. An unbinned likelihood analysis is performed for events reconstructed within 5 degrees of the center of the Sun. No evidence for a SA nu flux is observed. After inclusion of systematic uncertainties, we set a 90% upper limit of 1.02(-0.18)(+0.20).10(-13) GeV(-1)cm(-2)s(-1) at 1 TeV.
  •  
35.
  • Abbasi, R., et al. (författare)
  • First all-flavor search for transient neutrino emission using 3-years of IceCube DeepCore data
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Since the discovery of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, searches for their origins have focused primarily at TeV-PeV energies. Compared to sub-TeV searches, high-energy searches benefit from an increase in the neutrino cross section, improved angular resolution on the neutrino direction, and a reduced background from atmospheric neutrinos and muons. However, the focus on high energy does not preclude the existence of sub-TeV neutrino emission where IceCube retains sensitivity. Here we present the first all-flavor search from IceCube for transient emission of low-energy neutrinos, focusing on the energy region of 5.6-100 GeV using three years of data obtained with the IceCube-DeepCore detector. We find no evidence of transient neutrino emission in the data, thus leading to a constraint on the volumetric rate of astrophysical transient sources in the range of similar to 705- 2301Gpc(-3) yr(-1) for sources following a subphotospheric energy spectrum with a mean energy of 100 GeV and a bolometric energy of 10(52) erg.
  •  
36.
  • Abbasi, R., et al. (författare)
  • Searches for connections between dark matter and high-energy neutrinos with IceCube
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1475-7516. ; :10, s. 003-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work, we present the results of searches for signatures of dark matter decay or annihilation into Standard Model particles, and secret neutrino interactions with dark matter. Neutrinos could be produced in the decay or annihilation of galactic or extragalactic dark matter. Additionally, if an interaction between dark matter and neutrinos exists then dark matter will interact with extragalactic neutrinos. In particular galactic dark matter will induce an anisotropy in the neutrino sky if this interaction is present. We use seven and a half years of the High-Energy Starting Event (HESE) sample data, which measures neutrinos in the energy range of approximately 60 TeV to 10 PeV, to study these phenomena. This all-sky event selection is dominated by extragalactic neutrinos. For dark matter of similar to 1 PeV in mass, we constrain the velocity-averaged annihilation cross section to be smaller than 10(-23) cm(3)/s for the exclusive mu(+) mu(-) channel and 10(-22) cm(3)/s for the b (b) over bar channel. For the same mass, we constrain the lifetime of dark matter to be larger than 10(28) s for all channels studied, except for decaying exclusively to b (b) over bar where it is bounded to be larger than 10(27) s. Finally, we also search for evidence of astrophysical neutrinos scattering on galactic dark matter in two scenarios. For fermionic dark matter with a vector mediator, we constrain the dimensionless coupling associated with this interaction to be less than 0.1 for dark matter mass of 0.1 GeV and a mediator mass of 10(-4) GeV. In the case of scalar dark matter with a fermionic mediator, we constrain the coupling to be less than 0.1 for dark matter and mediator masses below 1MeV.
  •  
37.
  • Castello, Sveva, et al. (författare)
  • A cosmological underdensity does not solve the Hubble tension
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A potential solution to the Hubble tension is the hypothesis that the Milky Way is located near the center of a matter underdensity. We model this scenario through the Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi formalism with the inclusion of a cosmological constant (ΛLTB) and consider a generalized Gaussian parametrization for the matter density profile. We constrain the underdensity and the background cosmology with a combination of data sets: the Pantheon Sample of type Ia supernovae (both the full catalogue and a redshift-binned version of it), a collection of baryon acoustic oscillations data points and the distance priors extracted from the latest Planck data release. The analysis with the binned supernovae suggests a preference for a -13 % density drop with a size of approximately 300 Mpc, interestingly matching the prediction for the so-called KBC void already identified on the basis of independent analyses using galaxy distributions. The constraints obtained with the full Pantheon Sample are instead compatible with a homogeneous cosmology and we interpret this radically different result as a cautionary tale about the potential bias introduced by employing a binned supernova data set. We quantify the level of improvement on the Hubble tension by analyzing the constraints on the B-band absolute magnitude of the supernovae, which provides the calibration for the local measurements of H0. Since no significant difference is observed with respect to an analogous fit performed with a standard ΛCDM cosmology, we conclude that the potential presence of a local underdensity does not resolve the tension and does not significantly degrade current supernova constraints on H0.
  •  
38.
  • Aalbers, J., et al. (författare)
  • DARWIN : towards the ultimate dark matter detector
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • DARk matter WImp search with liquid xenoN (DARWIN(2)) will be an experiment for the direct detection of dark matter using a multi-ton liquid xenon time projection chamber at its core. Its primary goal will be to explore the experimentally accessible parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) in a wide mass-range, until neutrino interactions with the target become an irreducible background. The prompt scintillation light and the charge signals induced by particle interactions in the xenon will be observed by VUV sensitive, ultra-low background photosensors. Besides its excellent sensitivity to WIMPs above a mass of 5 GeV/c(2), such a detector with its large mass, low-energy threshold and ultra-low background level will also be sensitive to other rare interactions. It will search for solar axions,galactic axion-like particles and the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Xe-136, as well as measure the low-energy solar neutrino flux with <1% precision, observe coherent neutrino-nucleus interactions, and detect galactic supernovae. We present the concept of the DARWIN detector and discuss its physics reach, the main sources of backgrounds and the ongoing detector design and R&D efforts.
  •  
39.
  • Aartsen, M. G., et al. (författare)
  • Improved limits on dark matter annihilation in the Sun with the 79-string IceCube detector and implications for supersymmetry
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present an improved event-level likelihood formalism for including neutrino telescope data in global fits to new physics. We derive limits on spin-dependent dark matter-proton scattering by employing the new formalism in a re-analysis of data from the 79-string IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the Sun, including explicit energy information for each event. The new analysis excludes a number of models in the weak-scale minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) for the first time. This work is accompanied by the public release of the 79-string IceCube data, as well as an associated computer code for applying the new likelihood to arbitrary dark matter models.
  •  
40.
  • Abdalla, H., et al. (författare)
  • Searches for gamma-ray lines and 'pure WIMP' spectra from Dark Matter annihilations in dwarf galaxies with HESS
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; :11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dwarf spheroidal galaxies are among the most promising targets for detecting signals of Dark Matter (DM) annihilations. The H.E.S.S. experiment has observed five of these systems for a total of about 130 hours. The data are re-analyzed here, and, in the absence of any detected signals, are interpreted in terms of limits on the DM annihilation cross section. Two scenarios are considered: i) DM annihilation into mono-energetic gamma-rays and ii) DM in the form of pure WIMP multiplets that, annihilating into all electroweak bosons, produce a distinctive gamma-ray spectral shape with a high-energy peak at the DM mass and a lower-energy continuum. For case i), upper limits at 95% confidence level of about less than or similar to 3 x 10(-25) cm(3) s(-1) are obtained in the mass range of 400 GeV to 1TeV. For case ii), the full spectral shape of the models is used and several excluded regions are identified, but the thermal masses of the candidates are not robustly ruled out.
  •  
41.
  • Abdalla, H., et al. (författare)
  • Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array for probing cosmology and fundamental physics with gamma-ray propagation
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; :2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the new-generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy, provides unique capabilities to address significant open questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. We study some of the salient areas of gamma-ray cosmology that can be explored as part of the Key Science Projects of CTA, through simulated observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and of their relativistic jets. Observations of AGN with CTA will enable a measurement of gamma-ray absorption on the extragalactic background light with a statistical uncertainty below 15% up to a redshift z = 2 and to constrain or detect gamma-ray halos up to intergalactic-magnetic-field strengths of at least 0.3 pG. Extragalactic observations with CTA also show promising potential to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. The best limits on Lorentz invariance violation from gamma-ray astronomy will be improved by a factor of at least two to three. CTA will also probe the parameter space in which axion-like particles could constitute a significant fraction, if not all, of dark matter. We conclude on the synergies between CTA and other upcoming facilities that will foster the growth of gamma-ray cosmology.
  •  
42.
  • Abed Abud, A., et al. (författare)
  • Searching for solar KDAR with DUNE
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2021:10, s. 065-065
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
  •  
43.
  • Ackermann, M., et al. (författare)
  • Constraints on dark matter annihilation in clusters of galaxies with the Fermi large area telescope
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :5, s. 25-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nearby clusters and groups of galaxies are potentially bright sources of highenergy gamma-ray emission resulting from the pair-annihilation of dark matter particles. However, no significant gamma-ray emission has been detected so far from clusters in the first 11 months of observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We interpret this non-detection in terms of constraints on dark matter particle properties. In particular for leptonic annihilation final states and particle masses greater than similar to 200GeV, gamma-ray emission from inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons is expected to dominate the dark matter annihilation signal from clusters, and our gamma-ray limits exclude large regions of the parameter space that would give a good fit to the recent anomalous Pamela and Fermi-LAT electron-positron measurements. We also present constraints on the annihilation of more standard dark matter candidates, such as the lightest neutralino of supersymmetric models. The constraints are particularly strong when including the fact that clusters are known to contain substructure at least on galaxy scales, increasing the expected gammaray flux by a factor of similar to 5 over a smooth-halo assumption. We also explore the effect of uncertainties in cluster dark matter density profiles, finding a systematic uncertainty in the constraints of roughly a factor of two, but similar overall conclusions. In this work, we focus on deriving limits on dark matter models; a more general consideration of the Fermi-LAT data on clusters and clusters as gamma-ray sources is forthcoming.
  •  
44.
  • Ackermann, M., et al. (författare)
  • Limits on dark matter annihilation signals from the Fermi LAT 4-year measurement of the isotropic gamma-ray background
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We search for evidence of dark matter (DM) annihilation in the isotropic gamma-ray background (IGRB) measured with 50 months of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations. An improved theoretical description of the cosmological DM annihilation signal, based on two complementary techniques and assuming generic weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) properties, renders more precise predictions compared to previous work. More specifically, we estimate the cosmologically-induced gamma-ray intensity to have an uncertainty of a factor similar to 20 in canonical setups. We consistently include both the Galactic and extragalactic signals under the same theoretical framework, and study the impact of the former on the IGRB spectrum derivation. We find no evidence for a DM signal and we set limits on the DM-induced isotropic gamma-ray signal. Our limits are competitive for DM particle masses up to tens of TeV and, indeed, are the strongest limits derived from Fermi LAT data at TeV energies. This is possible thanks to the new Fermi LAT IGRB measurement, which now extends up to an energy of 820 GeV. We quantify uncertainties in detail and show the potential this type of search offers for testing the WIMP paradigm with a complementary and truly cosmological probe of DM particle signals.
  •  
45.
  • Adams, Douglas Q., et al. (författare)
  • DAMA annual modulation is not due to electron recoils from plasma/mirror dark matter with kinetic mixing
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; 2021:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • If dark matter is composed of new fundamental particles, Earth's orbital motion around the Sun may induce an annual modulation in the rate at which these particles interact in a terrestrial detector. The DAMA collaboration has identified at a 12σ confidence level such an annual modulation in their event rate. One previously proposed explanation is `plasma dark matter' (e.g. mirror dark matter) which would have electron recoils in the detector from interactions via kinetic mixing. We perform a chi-squared goodness-of-fit test of this plasma dark matter model to DAMA/LIBRA modulation amplitude which rejects the hypothesis of plasma dark matter as an explanation of this data at greater than 7σ.
  •  
46.
  • Ade, Peter, et al. (författare)
  • The Simons Observatory : science goals and forecasts
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial con figuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping approximate to 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, at a target level of sigma(r) = 0.003. The large aperture telescope will map approximate to 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.
  •  
47.
  • Aerdker, S., et al. (författare)
  • Numerical modeling of time dependent Diffusive Shock Acceleration
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - 1475-7516. ; 2024:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Motivated by cosmic ray (CR) re-acceleration at a potential Galactic Wind Termination Shock (GWTS), we present a numerical model for time-dependent Diffusive Shock Acceleration (DSA). We use the stochastic differential equation solver (DiffusionSDE) of the cosmic ray propagation framework CRPropa3.2 with two modifications: An importance sampling module is introduced to improve statistics at high energies in order to keep the simulation time short. An adaptive time step is implemented in the DiffusionSDE module. This ensures to efficiently meet constraints on the time and diffusion step, which is crucial to obtain the correct shock spectra. The time evolution of the spectrum at a one-dimensional planar shock is verified against the solution obtained by the grid-based solver VLUGR3 for both energy-independent and energy-dependent diffusion. We show that the injection of pre-accelerated particles can lead to a broken power law spectrum in momentum if the incoming spectrum of CRs is harder than the re-accelerated spectrum. If the injected spectrum is steeper, the shock spectrum dominates at all energies. We finally apply the developed model to the GWTS by considering a spherically symmetric shock, a spiral Galactic magnetic field, and anisotropic diffusion. The time-dependent spectrum at the shock is modeled as a basis for further studies.
  •  
48.
  • Aharonian, F., et al. (författare)
  • Search for the evaporation of primordial black holes with HESS
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1475-7516. ; :4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are hypothetical black holes predicted to have been formed from density fluctuations in the early Universe. PBHs with an initial mass around 1014-1015 g are expected to end their evaporation at present times in a burst of particles and very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. Those gamma rays may be detectable by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. This paper reports on the search for evaporation bursts of VHE gamma rays with H.E.S.S., ranging from 10 to 120 seconds, as expected from the final stage of PBH evaporation and using a total of 4816 hours of observations. The most constraining upper limit on the burst rate of local PBHs is 2000 pc-3 yr-1 for a burst interval of 120 seconds, at the 95% confidence level. The implication of these measurements for PBH dark matter are also discussed.
  •  
49.
  • Ahnen, M. L., et al. (författare)
  • Limits to dark matter annihilation cross-section from a combined analysis of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observations of dwarf satellite galaxies
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present the first joint analysis of gamma-ray data from the MAGIC Cherenkov telescopes and the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to search for gamma-ray signals from dark matter annihilation in dwarf satellite galaxies. We combine 158 hours of Segue 1 observations with MAGIC with 6-year observations of 15 dwarf satellite galaxies by the Fermi-LAT. We obtain limits on the annihilation cross-section for dark matter particle masses between 10 GeV and 100 TeV - the widest mass range ever explored by a single gamma-ray analysis. These limits improve on previously published Fermi-LAT and MAGIC results by up to a factor of two at certain masses. Our new inclusive analysis approach is completely generic and can be used to perform a global, sensitivity-optimized dark matter search by combining data from present and future gamma-ray and neutrino detectors.
  •  
50.
  • Ajello, M., et al. (författare)
  • Limits on large extra dimensions based on observations of neutron stars with the Fermi-LAT
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :2, s. 012-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present limits for the compactification scale in the theory of Large Extra Dimensions (LED) proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali. We use 11 months of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) to set gamma ray flux limits for 6 gamma-ray faint neutron stars (NS). To set limits on LED we use the model of Hannestad and Raffelt (HR) that calculates the Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton production in supernova cores and the large fraction subsequently gravitationally bound around the resulting NS. The predicted decay of the bound KK gravitons to gamma gamma should contribute to the flux from NSs. Considering 2 to 7 extra dimensions of the same size in the context of the HR model, we use Monte Carlo techniques to calculate the expected differential flux of gamma-rays arising from these KK gravitons, including the effects of the age of the NS, graviton orbit, and absorption of gamma-rays in the magnetosphere of the NS. We compare our Monte Carlo-based differential flux to the experimental differential flux using maximum likelihood techniques to obtain our limits on LED. Our limits are more restrictive than past EGRET-based optimistic limits that do not include these important corrections. Additionally, our limits are more stringent than LHC based limits for 3 or fewer LED, and comparable for 4 LED. We conclude that if the effective Planck scale is around a TeV, then for 2 or 3 LED the compactification topology must be more complicated than a torus.
  •  
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