| 1. |
- Bellardini, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of gender on strength training in older people : a Swedish population study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 27:s1, s. 155-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical exercise contributes to healthy ageing, and strength training has beenshown to improve independence in older people.Method: Six hundred older people wererandomly selected from the Swedish population, and sent a self-completion questionnaire(57% response rate, n¼343) examining exercise history, current strength training, andperceived benefits and barriers to strength training.Results: Gender was associated with aperceived positive effect of strength training on quality of life (Women 42% vs. Men 27%).The most commonly reported benefits of strength training were better mobility (71%), energy(70%), and muscle strength (69%), with most benefits endorsed more commonly by womenthan men. The most commonly reported barriers to strength training were believing otherforms of exercise more suitable (49%) and cost (20%; Women 31% vs. Men 13%).Discussion:To better promote healthy ageing, interventions should be embedded in an understanding ofthe effect of gender on exercise behaviour.
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| 2. |
- Chan, Derwin, et al.
(författare)
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Consistency tendency and the theory of planned behavior : a randomized controlled crossover trial in physical activity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 35:6, s. 665-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study examined the effects of consistency tendency on the predictive power of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in relation to physical activity behavior.Methods: In this randomized controlled cross-over trial, we recruited 770 undergraduate students from Indonesia who were randomly assigned into two groups. Participants completed physical activity versions of TPB measures at T1 (baseline) and T2 (post 1 week), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at T3 (post 1 month). At T1 and T2, the TPB questions were either presented in ensemble-order (i.e., consistency tendency supressed) or alternate-order (i.e., consistency tendency facilitated).Results: The parameter estimates of the model (CFI > .92, TLI > .90, SRMR < .08, RMSEA < .08) aligned with the tenets of TPB. As compared to ensemble-order, a TPB measured in alternate-order yielded stronger cross-sectional relationships, but this pattern did not appear in the prospective relationships in TPB (i.e., intention/perceived behavioral control and behavior).Conclusions: Consistency tendency inflated the factor correlations of cross-sectionally measured TPB variables, but the inflation was not observed in the prospective prediction of behavior. Health psychology questionnaires with items presented in ensemble order may represent a viable means of reducing the confounding effect of consistency tendency. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 3. |
- Cheng, Helen, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between childhood biomedical factors, maternal smoking, personality traits, Body and Mass Index and the prevalence of asthma in adulthood
- 2018
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 33:9, s. 1116-1129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The study set out to investigate socio-economic, biomedical, health and behavioural and psychological factors in childhood and adulthood associated with the prevalence of asthma in adulthood, drawing data from The National Child Development Studies (NCDS), a birth cohort in the UK.DESIGN: The National Child Development Study, a nationally representative sample of 17,415 babies born in Great Britain in 1958 and followed up at 7, 11, 33 and 50 years was used.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The prevalence of asthma at age 50 was the outcome measure. The analytic sample consists of 5118 participants with complete data on a set of measures at birth, at ages 7, 11, 33 and 50 years.RESULTS: Using logistic regression analyses, results showed that childhood asthma (OR = 6.77: 4.38-10.48, p < .001) and respiratory symptoms (OR = 1.83: 1.18-2.86, p < .01), maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR = 1.26: 1.00-1.59, p < .05), Body and Mass Index (BMI) (OR = 1.03: 1.02-1.05, p < .001), traits Neuroticism (OR = 1.13: 1.01-1.21, p < .05) and Conscientiousness (OR = 0.76: 0.76-0.96, p < .01), as well as sex (OR = 1.49: 1.15-1.94, p < .001) were all significantly associated with the prevalence of asthma in adulthood.CONCLUSION: The study shows that both childhood and adulthood psychological and sociological factors are significantly associated with the prevalence of asthma in adulthood, though more work need to be done in this area.
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| 4. |
- De Smedt, R H, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with adverse drug events in patients with heart failure : Exploring the role of medication beliefs and perceptions.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - London : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 27:5, s. 570-587
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes coping strategies that patients with heart failure (HF) use to manage adverse drug events (ADEs). The included coping strategies were social support seeking, information seeking, non-adherence and taking alleviating medication. The role of beliefs about medication and ADE perceptions in explaining these coping strategies was assessed using the Self-Regulation Model. We performed a cross-sectional study including 250 HF patients who experienced an ADE. Patients completed validated questionnaires assessing their coping strategies, ADE perceptions and medication beliefs. Social support (60%) and information seeking (32%) were the most commonly used strategies to cope with ADEs. Non-adherence was reported by 7% of the patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that demographics, clinical factors and medication beliefs explained only a small amount of the variance in coping strategies, whereas ADE perceptions explained a substantial amount of variance. Path analysis showed that patients' perceptions about the timeline, consequences and controllability of ADEs by the health care provider were directly related to their coping behaviour. The effect of patients' medication beliefs on their coping strategies was consistent with mediation through their ADE perceptions. Our results support the value of the Self-Regulation Model in understanding patients' coping behaviour with regard to ADEs.
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| 5. |
- Elfström, Magnus, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting emotional well being during acute rehabilitation in a European spinal cord injury sample
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; , s. 162-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine what resource and coping variables that could predict emotional well being during the acute phase of spinal cord injury rehabilitation. All newly acquired injuries were approached in selected British, Swiss, Swedish, German, Austrian and Irish spinal centres. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire booklet at 6 weeks post injury and again at 12 weeks. Stepwise hierarchical regression analyses were performed on data from 281 questionnaire packs from 14 European spinal centres. Gender, age and severity of impairment were controlled for. Sense of coherence, the coping strategy social reliance, threat and challenge appraisals, perceived manageability, and perceived quality of social support made significant contributions to the variance in measures of emotional well-being (anxiety, depression and a psychological subscale of a quality of life scale). Psychological assessment during acute stages may assist in identifying ‘at risk’ patients and provide guidance for therapeutic intervention.
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| 6. |
- Elfström, Magnus, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Temperamental and behavioural characteristics of adults seeking treatment for severe dental fear
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 24:sup. 1, s. 162-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Other psychological/behavioral factors in addition to fear and traditional measures of psychopathology should possibly be considered in the assessment and treatment of dental fear. The present study investigated fear and personality profiles among severely fearful adult patients. Participants were 230 consecutive adults applying for treatment of severe dental anxiety at a specialized clinic. Background data included dental treatment and dental fear history, general anxiety and depression assessments. Cluster analyses were performed. Four different fear and personality subgroups were judged to best represent data: (I) Fearful, extrovert, outgoing, (II) Highly fearful, extrovert, outgoing, (III) Fearful, inhibited, and (IV) Highly fearful, multiple problems. The view that adults with dental fear comprise a heterogeneous group was strengthened. Apart from different levels of dental fear, there seems to be varying temperamental and behavioral characteristics that need to be further studied and that may lead to a better match of treatment for these patients.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Salutogenesis and Resilience : two sides of the same coin?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 27:Suppl1, s. 41-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Conceptual clarification of salutogenesis (Antonovsky 1987) and resilience – what is common and different? Methods: A systematic research synthesis 1992–2010 based on about 1300 papers on Sense of Coherence. Findings: Similarities and differences emerge. Salutogenesis stems from stress research exploring why some people stay healthy despite major life events and adversities while resilience research refer to risk of negative health development. Both concepts emphasize resources: the salutogenic framework talks about Generalized Resistance Resources while resilience uses protective factors. The two concepts differ when it comes to the adjustment process where resilience concept always is connected with risk factors. Discussion: The new knowledge derived from the research synthesis on the SOC reveal promising results indicating the usefulness in health promotion research, expanding the knowledge from resilience research on risks to salutogenic research on resources. While salutogenesis has its focus on health promotion resilience is more connected to health protection.
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| 8. |
- Ivarsson, Andreas, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between physical activity and core affects within and across days: a daily diary study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Psychology & Health. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 36:1, s. 43-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate (a) if daily physical activity at the within-person level is related to four different core affects the same evening, (b) if core affects in the evening predict physical activity the following day, and (c) if physical activity predicts core affects the following day. Design: A total of 166 university students were asked to complete the affect and physical activity measures once a day (in the evening), for seven days. Bivariate unconditional latent curve model analyses with structured residuals were performed to investigate the relations within days and across days between the core affects and physical activity. Main outcome measures: Core affects and physical activity. Results: Physical activity had positive within-day associations with pleasant-activated and pleasant-deactivated core affects and a negative within-day association with unpleasant-deactivated affective responses. There were, however, no statistically significant relations between core affects and physical activity across days. Conclusion: These results highlight that the measurement interval might be an important factor that influences the association between core affects and physical activity behaviors.
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| 9. |
- Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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The role of psychological mechanisms to insomnia in its early phase : A focus on arousal, distress, and sleep-related beliefs
- 2008
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 23:6, s. 691-705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether arousal, distress, and sleep-related beliefs are related to the development of insomnia. From a randomly selected sample of 3,600 individuals from the general population (50-60 year), 2,239 participants filled out a baseline and 1-year follow-up questionnaire. Logistic regression and cluster analysis were used to investigate whether the psychological mechanisms were related to the development of new cases of insomnia over one year and whether it was possible to classify the participants based on their profiles of psychological mechanisms. The results showed that arousal, sleep-related beliefs, and depression were significantly related to the development of new cases of insomnia (13% of the variance). High scores on all three mechanisms were characteristic of one cluster (18% new cases of insomnia) and low scores on the mechanisms of another cluster (5% new cases of insomnia). This study shows that arousal, sleep-related beliefs, and depression are associated with the development of insomnia, and that psychological mechanisms often co-occur in individuals who develop insomnia.
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| 10. |
- Jansson, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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The role of anxiety and depression in the development of insomnia : cross-sectional and prospective analyses
- 2006
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 21:3, s. 383-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between anxiety, depression and insomnia, and to investigate whether anxiety and depression are related to future insomnia. This study employed a combination of a cross-sectional and a prospective design. From a randomly selected sample from the general population (N = 3600), 1936 participants filled out a baseline and 1-year follow-up survey on insomnia, anxiety and depression. Odds ratios (ORs) estimations were used to investigate the associations between anxiety, depression, and insomnia. In the cross-sectional study, anxiety (OR: 4.61) and depression (OR: 2.42) showed moderate to strong associations with insomnia. However, the prospective study showed that anxiety (OR: 3.35) was more strongly related than depression (OR: 1.96) to the development of insomnia 1 year later. While anxiety seems to play a key role in the development of insomnia, depression may be considered as a possible precipitating mechanism but even more likely as a consequence of insomnia.
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| 11. |
- Koteles, Ferenc, et al.
(författare)
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No evidence for interactions between modern health worries, negative affect, and somatic symptom distress in general populations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 36:11, s. 1384-1396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Three theoretically grounded hypotheses were tested that predict interactions between modern health worries (MHWs), somatic symptom distress, and negative affect.Design: Cross-sectional.Main outcome measures: Hypotheses were tested in a representative German sample (n = 2306) and a near-representative Swedish sample (n = 3406). Participants completed the 12-item Modern Health Worries Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire 15-Item Somatic Symptom Severity Scale (both samples), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item Depression Scale (German sample), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Swedish sample).Results: According to the results obtained from the two samples, MHWs were only weakly associated with somatic symptoms and negative affectivity. Frequentist and Bayesian linear regression analyses showed an interaction only in one case. All other factors being equal, individuals high on somatic symptoms and MHWs did not experience disproportionately less anxiety or depression; those high on MHWs and negative affect were characterized by disproportionately more symptoms in the German sample but not in the Swedish sample; and high level of negative affect did not strengthen the positive association between somatic symptoms and MHWs.Conclusion: Based on data from two large community samples, temporal stability of MHWs cannot be explained by somatic symptom distress and negative affectivity.
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| 12. |
- Kritz, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 38:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We aimed to determine what older adults perceive to be need-supportive behaviours of peer walk leaders, drawing primarily from Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Design: Experienced peer leaders (n = 13; Mage = 73.23, SD = 6.55) and walkers (n = 17; Mage = 72.88, SD = 5.79) were recruited from existing walking groups. Individuals who expressed an interest in becoming a peer leader (n = 18; Mage = 72.72, SD = 4.99) or walker (n = 20; Mage = 78.90, SD = 10.45) were recruited from retirement villages. Main Outcome Measures: We conducted semi-structured interviews to identify leader behaviours that support autonomy, competence, and relatedness and analysed the data using framework analysis. Results: We identified eight main themes: eliciting walker interest, acknowledging and adapting to walkers’ requirements, ensuring walkers feel comfortable, cared for, and socially integrated, supporting walker confidence, and promoting success experiences. Inexperienced leaders differed from other sub-groups in what they perceived to be supportive behaviours. Conclusion: Future peer leaders could use the identified behaviours to help older adults feel motivated during group walks. New peer leaders can be educated about potential differences between what they describe as supportive and what walkers and experienced leaders perceive as need-supportive behaviours. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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A cluster randomised controlled trial of an intervention based on the Health Action Process Approach for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in Iranian adolescents
- 2017
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 32:12, s. 1449-1468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intervention programme based on the Health Action Process Approach and designed to increase the intake of fruit and vegetables (F&V) among Iranian adolescents aged 13 to 18.DESIGN: A randomised controlled trial with three arms examined the short- (1 month) and long-term (6 months) effects of the intervention. There were two intervention groups (one included adolescents only [A group; n = 510]; the second included mothers and adolescents [M + A group; n = 462]) and a control group (n = 483). All participants were recruited from schools.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Social cognitions, self-regulatory processes and F&V intake.RESULTS: The intervention led to an increase in F&V intake for adolescents in the short and long terms. Adolescents in the M + A group increased their F& V intake more than adolescents in the A group. Outcome expectancies, self-monitoring, intentions, action and coping planning, perceived social support and behavioural automaticity mediated the effect of the intervention on F&V intake.CONCLUSION: The theory-based intervention led to an increase in F&V intake and promoted more positive social cognitions and self-regulatory processes among Iranian adolescents. The findings also provide evidence that involving mothers in an intervention can confer additional benefit.
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| 16. |
- Lindqvist Bagge, Ann-Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health, stress, and well-being measured before (2019) and during (2020) COVID-19 : a Swedish socioeconomic population-based study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Compare mental health, stress, and well-being in the Swedish population as measured before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional design using data measured before (Jan-2019; n = 2791) and during (Oct/Nov-2020; n = 2926) COVID-19 pandemic in Swedish population-representative cohorts. Following constructs were measured: anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10 items), health-related quality of life (HRQOL[Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population]) and self-rated health (SRH) was assessed with a single-item question. Results: When adjusting for age, sex, education, and income there were significantly higher levels of anxiety (M = 9.15 vs. 8.48, p < 0.01) and depression (M = 3.64 vs. 3.30, p = 0.03), lower levels of stress (M = 14.06 vs. 14.91, p < 0.001), but worsened HRQOL (M = 76.40 vs. 77.92, p < 0.01) and SRH (M = 6.91 vs. 7.20, p < 0.001), observed in 2020 compared to 2019. For the negative effects seen in anxiety, depression, HRQOL, and SRH, higher income and education had a protective effect. The decrease in stress was also correlated with higher income. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a small but significant worsening in mental health and well-being in the general Swedish population, where higher socioeconomic status seemed to have a protective effect.
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| 17. |
- Linton, Steven J, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Are fear-avoidance beliefs related to the inception of an episode of back pain? : a prospective study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 14:6, s. 1051-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing have been implicated in chronic pain and theoretical models have been developed that feature these factors in che transition from acute to chronic pain. However, little has been done to determine whether these factors occur in the general population or whether they are associated with the inception of an episode of neck or back pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the effects of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing on the development of an episode of self-reported pain and associated physical functioning. To achieve this, we selected a sample of 415 people from the general population who reported no spinal pain during the past year. At the pretest a battery of questionnaires was administered to assess beliefs about pain and activity and it featured the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and a modified version of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. One year later outcome was evaluated by self-reports of the occurrence of a pain episode as well as a self-administered physical function test. The results showed that scores on both fear-avoidance and catastrophizing were quite low. During the one year follow-up, 19% of the sample suffered an episode of back pain. Those with scores above the median on fear-avoidance beliefs at the pretest had twice the risk of suffering an episode of back pain and a 1.7 times higher risk of lowered physical function at the follow-up. Catastrophizing was somewhat less salient, increasing the risk of pain or lowered function by 1.5, but with confidence intervals falling below unity. These data indicate that fear-avoidance beliefs may be involved at a very early point in the development of pain and associated activity problems in people with back pain. Theoretically, our results support the idea that fear-avoidance beliefs may develop in an interaction with the experience of pain. Clinically, the results suggest that catastrophizing and particularly fear-avoidance beliefs are important in the development of a pain problem and might be of use in screening procedures.
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| 18. |
- McKee, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Causal attributions following a fall and health outcomes at 6 months post-fall
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 24:Suppl.1, s. 268-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Falls in older people decrease quality of life and increase mortality. There is littleresearch on perceptions of the cause of a fall and their influence on health outcomes. Method.A survey (N¼196) of older people hospitalised after a fall recorded attributions for the causeof the fall. A follow-up survey at 6 months measured functional limitation, anxiety anddepression. Findings. of the participants, 44.3% saw their fall as due to their character, 15.6%due to their behaviour, and 40.1% due to external factors. A hopelessness explanatory stylewas found in 21.1% of participants. Perceiving age as the cause of the fall predicted (p5.06)higher levels of depression at 6 months, while having hopelessness explanatory stylesignificantly predicted higher functional limitation (p¼.001). Discussion. Causal attributionsof fall events impact on physical and mental health outcomes, offering a route forpsychological intervention to reframe the meaning attached to a fall.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- McKee, Kevin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial factors in healthy ageing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 30:6, s. 607-626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 21. |
- McKee, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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The association between receipt of informal care and health in older people
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 26:Suppl. 2, s. 173-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Older people as care-receivers are under-researched. We examined the health and well-being of older people with differing levels of care need and receipt. Methods: Community resident older people (N = 1250) from a single UK metropolitan area were randomly recruited, and completed a questionnaire on social exclusion via interview. Participants were categorised into one of the four groups: receiving informal care; receiving informal support; no receipt of informal care/support despite need and no receipt of informal care/support, no need. Findings: Associations (p < 0.001) between group membership and health status (F = 75.7), functional status (F = 159.1), well-being (F = 29.5) and loneliness (F = 28.9) indicated the ‘receiving care’ and ‘no receipt of care/support despite need’ groups had the poorest health profiles. Logistic regression determined primary predictors of group membership. Discussion: A significant group of older people receives no informal care/support despite frailty. Research is needed to determine why some older people do not receive informal care appropriate to their needs.
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| 22. |
- McKee, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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The willingness of informal carers of older people to continue caring : results of the EUROFAMCARE study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 25:Suppl. 1, s. 59-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: The willingness to continue in the caregiving role has been shown to be one of the most significant factors in the breakdown of family care of an older person. Willingness to care was considered in the EUROFAMCARE study, which examined the characteristics of caregiving in six European countries. Methods: Nearly 6000 informal carers of older people (n = 1000 in Germany, Italy, Sweden, Greece, Poland and the UK) were recruited using a shared sampling protocol and interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Logistic regression procedures determined the best model of willingness to care in each country. Results: Between 29% and 14% of the variance in willingness to care was explained by the models. No single variable was significant in the models across all countries, but the negative impact of care was associated with low willingness in five countries, while being a son/daughter carer was associated with high willingness in four. The category of variables that explained the most variance in willingness to care was ‘caregiving circumstances and relationships’. Conclusions: If a carer's motivation for caregiving is to be maintained, support for carers must adequately address any negative impact of their role, and use a relationship-centred approach.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Nordin, Steven, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between emotional support and cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-age
- 2023
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Routledge. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To test the hypothesis of low emotional support being associated with lifestyle and biomedical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, estimated risk of CVD morbidity and mortality, and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged healthy adults.Methods and measures: Cross-sectional data were obtained from participants aged 40–60 years who had one or more conventional CVD risk factor. They underwent assessment based on questionnaires, clinical examination, blood sampling, and carotid ultrasound of plaque formation and carotid intima-media wall thickness (cIMT). Based on the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction, the participants were categorised as either low in emotional support (n = 884) or as a referent (n = 2570). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to study the associations.Results: Logistic regression analyses showed that low emotional support was significantly associated with smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity (OR = 1.53 − 1.94), estimated risk of CVD morbidity and mortality (OR = 1.56 − 1.68), and plaque formation (OR = 1.39). No significant associations were found regarding biomedical CVD risk factors or cIMT.Conclusion: The findings suggest that low social support is associated with lifestyle CVD risk factors, estimated risk of CVD morbidity and mortality, and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged healthy adults, encouraging causal evaluation with longitudinal data investigating an impact of emotional support on mechanisms underlying CVD.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Pagnini, F, et al.
(författare)
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Erratum
- 2015
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Ingår i: Psychology & health. - 1476-8321. ; 30:5, s. I-I
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Prikken, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Parental illness intrusiveness and youth glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes: intergenerational associations and processes.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Psychology & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-8321 .- 0887-0446. ; 34:4, s. 438-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined associations between the functioning of youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents, including parenting dimensions as intervening mechanisms. The study adds to the existing literature by focusing on (1) the concept of parental illness intrusiveness; (2) the (understudied) periods of adolescence and emerging adulthood; and (3) maternal and paternal functioning.Questionnaires were completed by 317 patient-mother dyads and 277 patient-father dyads. All patients (aged 14-25) had type 1 diabetes. The hypothesised model was compared to an alternative model using structural equation modelling.Youth reported on depressive symptoms and treatment adherence; Physicians provided HbA1c-values. Parents reported on illness intrusiveness, depressive symptoms, and their child's treatment adherence. Patients and parents reported on psychological control and overprotection.The hypothesised path model had a good fit to the data. Parental illness intrusiveness was positively associated with depressive symptoms and both were positively related to overprotection and psychological control. Psychological control was positively related to patients' depressive symptoms and negatively to treatment adherence. Poorer treatment adherence was associated with worse HbA1c-values.These findings underscore the relevance of parental illness intrusiveness and emphasise the importance of mothers' and fathers' roles throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Saboonchi, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Body awareness, perfectionism and pain
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 24:Supp 1, s. 347-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 33. |
- Scheerman, Janneke Francisca Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A theory-based intervention delivered by an online social media platform to promote oral health among Iranian adolescents : A cluster randomized controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 35:4, s. 449-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Based on the Health Action Process Approach, we tested the efficacy of a theory-based program using an online social media platform (Telegram) to promote good oral hygiene behaviour among Iranian adolescents. Design: A three-arm randomized-controlled trial design was used, consisting of an adolescent only intervention group (A group; n?=?253), an adolescent and mother intervention group (A?+?M group; n?=?260), and a control group (n?=?278). Main outcome measures: Psychosocial variables, toothbrushing behaviour, Visual Plaque Index, and Community Periodontal Index. Results: Increases in adolescent toothbrushing at the one- and six-month follow-ups in both intervention groups compared to the control group were observed. Adolescents in the A?+?M group showed significant greater improvements in their toothbrushing behaviour, Visual Plaque Index, and Community Periodontal Index scores than adolescents in the A group. Improvements to toothbrushing social cognitions were also observed. Conclusions: Current results support the use of the theory-based program delivered by Telegram in improving good oral hygiene behaviour and oral health outcomes among Iranian adolescents. Involving mothers in an intervention can confer additional benefits for adolescent oral health.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Wolff, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Affective and cognitive attitudes, uncertainty avoidance and intention to obtain genetic testing : An extension of the Theory of Planned Behaviour
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychology and Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0887-0446 .- 1476-8321. ; 26:9, s. 1143-1155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To ensure successful implementation of genetic screening and counselling according to patients best interests, the attitudes and motives of the public are important to consider. The aim of this study was to apply a theoretical framework in order to investigate which individual and disease characteristics might facilitate the uptake of genetic testing. A questionnaire using an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour was developed to assess the predictive value of affective and cognitive expected outcomes, subjective norms, perceived control and uncertainty avoidance on the intention to undergo genetic testing. In addition to these individual characteristics, the predictive power of two disease characteristics was investigated by systematically varying the diseases fatality and penetrance (i.e. the probability of getting ill in case one is a mutation carrier). This resulted in four versions of the questionnaire which was mailed to a random sample of 2400 Norwegians. Results showed genetic test interest to be quite high, and to vary depending on the characteristics of the disease, with participants preferring tests for highly penetrant diseases. The most important individual predictor was uncertainty avoidance.
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