| 1. |
- Bayram Özdemir, Sevgi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of Cultural Clashes at Home and Ethnic Victimization in School : “I Live Between Two Cultures, and Neither of Them Understands Me”
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; :177, s. 179-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims to examine the extent to which adolescents of immigrant background experience acculturative stress (i.e., cultural clashes with parents and ethnic victimization in school) in multiple contexts, and the reasons why such stress takes a toll on their psychological functioning and views of themselves. The analytic sample includes adolescents of immigrant background residing in Sweden (N=423, Mage=13.19, SD=.51). Cluster analysis revealed five distinct groups of adolescents, based on their reports of cultural clashes with parents and ethnic victimization in school: (1) low on both acculturative stressors, (2) average on both acculturative stressors, (3) high on cultural clashes only, (4) high on ethnic victimization only, and (5) high on both acculturative stressors. Mediation analysis showed that adolescents who experienced cultural clashes at home and who were also victimized by their peers in school reported higher levels of feeling in between cultures than adolescents in all the other clusters (except those high on cultural clashes only), and in turn reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower levels of self-esteem. The present study highlights the importance of understanding immigrant youth’s experiences across multiple contexts simultaneously in order to develop a holistic perspective on their adjustment and integration processes.
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| 2. |
- Caravita, Simona C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Contact with migrants and perceived school climate as correlates of bullying toward migrants classmates
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - Oxford, United Kingdom : John Wiley & Sons. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 177, s. 141-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates whether the quantity and quality of contact with migrants and perceiving that cultural diversity is accepted at school (as a dimension of the perceived school climate) are associated with perpetrating bullying toward migrant classmates. Quantity and quality of contact are also examined as moderators of the association between perceived cultural acceptance at school and bullying toward migrant students. One hundred and sixtysix adolescents (Mage = 16.26; SD = 1.53) belonging to the societal majority group answered a battery of self-report measures. Bullying migrant peers was associated with more negative quality of the contact. Bullying migrants was also associated with lower perceived acceptance of cultural diversity at school for the adolescents reporting higher levels of contact with migrants at school. The role of contact in explaining bullying toward migrant peers is also discussed in light of possible interventions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ferguson, Gail M., et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral and Academic Adjustment of Remotely Acculturating Adolescents in Urban Jamaica
- 2019
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; :164, s. 27-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remote acculturation (RA) is a modern form of non-migrant acculturation toward distant cultures prompted by indirect/ intermittent globalization-related cultural exposure. RA theory holds that not only are global cultures now pouring into local neighborhoods, but many youth are also internalizing these remote cultures. How well do they fare? Prior studies in Jamaica and elsewhere have reported that U. S./ Western-oriented adolescents exhibit poorer health habits. However, no studies have yet investigated adolescents' behavioral or academic adjustment in the context of RA, whether in Jamaica or elsewhere. Therefore, 245 adolescents and their mothers from high schools in Kingston, Jamaica (M-adolescent_age = 13.3; M-mother_age = 40.2) completed questionnaires assessing their RA in terms of behaviors and values, as well as the adolescents' behavioral resilience and grades. SEM analyses revealed that RA was, indeed, linked to adolescent behavioral and academic adjustment in Jamaica. Overall, Jamaican orientation was associated with better adaptation whereas European American orientation was associated with worse.
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| 5. |
- Ferrer-Wreder, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Personal and ethnic identity in Swedish adolescents and emerging adults
- 2012
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. - 9781118544112 ; 138, s. 61-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chapter describes empirical evidence about identity development in Swedish adolescents and emerging adults and highlights cultural and contextual influences that may be specific to coming of age in Sweden. Broad trends in identity options are evident in the lives of many youth living in Sweden. Although research on identity and diversity is in its infancy in Sweden, due at least in part to its tradition of longitudinal research, its contribution to understanding advances in adolescent-parent and peer relations, and its contributions to developmental interactionist metatheories of human development, the country has the potential to forge a new generation of identity research that takes into account the ongoing process of person-environment interactions.
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| 6. |
- Forslund, Tommie, et al.
(författare)
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Admissibility of attachment theory, research and assessments in child custody decision‐making? Yes and No!
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2021:180, s. 125-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attachment theory, research, and assessments have become increasingly applied to settle child custody cases. We discuss such applications in relation to admissibility criteria for scientific evidence and testimony proposed by Faigman et al. (2014). We argue that attachment theory and research can provide valid “framework evidence”; group-based attachment research has yielded general principles suitable as a frame of reference for pertinent court decisions. In particular, child custody decision-making should generally be guided by research indicating that children benefit from attachment networks. In contrast, assessments of attachment quality fall short of providing valid “diagnostic evidence”; information that a specific individual/dyad is a “true” instance of a general group-level principle. In particular, such assessments do not yield valid information about whether a particular caregiver has better caregiving skills than another caregiver and will better support child development. We conclude that attachment theory and research should be admissible for framework but not for diagnostic testimony.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Kristina, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Between empowerment and powerlessness : Separated minors in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2012:136, s. 65-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes the migration experiences of thirteen separated minors who arrived in Sweden between 1943 and 2008. Using the framework of "dislocation" and the "liberated self," this chapter shows that the experiences of separated minors are shaped in the intersection between contexts and conditions of transnational migration and the Swedish reception system. Their efforts to continue living based on the past and building a new life during a period of transition between different countries and between childhood and adulthood can be described as "a life on hold." The paradox that migration serves simultaneously to empower and render children powerless is discussed.
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| 9. |
- Gyberg, Fanny, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Discrimination and its relation to psychosocial well-being among diverse youth in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2021:176, s. 163-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiences of discrimination and links to well-being have been examined extensively, but several gaps remain. The current study addresses four of those gaps by 1) examining both aggregated and source-specific forms of discrimination, 2) comparing the experiences of minority and majority group members, 3) expanding the range of outcomes to include socially and developmentally appropriate measures, and 4) conducting the study in Sweden, a context in which discrimination and well-being are not well-understood. The sample consisted of 573 adolescents and emerging adults (71% women, Mage = 19.21 years) who completed survey measures of discrimination and psychosocial well-being (self-esteem, life satisfaction, school adjustment, and identity distress). Findings indicated that minority groups reported more frequent discrimination, and more often cited ethnicity as the source of discrimination, whereas majority groups most often cited gender. Experiencing discrimination was related to poorer psychosocial well-being similarly for all groups. Youth experiencing ethnic discrimination were more often subjected to multiple forms of discrimination compared with those subjected to other forms of discrimination. Taken together, this study brings important information on the complexity of discrimination among youth in the multicultural context of migration in Sweden.
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| 10. |
- Haque, Md Atiqul, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking the Silence : Investigating the Prevalence and Key Risk Factors of Child Maltreatment among Male Working Children in a Rural Community in Bangladesh
- 2023
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Child labor is widely regarded as one of the most severe forms of child maltreatment (CM), but little is known about how working children, especially in low-income countries like Bangladesh, experience different forms of CM. This paper explores the extent of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect experienced by working children and determines the important risk factors for these forms of CM among them. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 398 working children from four local Bazars (rural marketplace) of Raiganj Upazila, Sirajganj district, who were enrolled in this study in March and April of 2017, through a snowball approach, due to a lack of a list of working children. The International Child Abuse Screening Tools for Children (ICAST-C) was used to estimate the different forms of CM in this study. Results. Lifetime prevalence of psychological abuse (PsyA), physical abuse (PA), neglect, and sexual abuse (SA) were 100%, 100%, 82.7%, and 13.5%, while the past year prevalence rates were 100%, 84.2%, 67.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. Common forms of PsyA experienced by children include shouting, yelling, or screaming, as well as restrictions on outings and time-outs. PA typically involves slapping on the face or head, hitting with objects (excluding the buttocks), and ear twisting. Watching pornography is the primary form of SA, while the leading form of neglect is unmet medical needs. The prevalence of PsyA, PA, SA, and neglect was higher among children who lived with individuals other than their parents. Both PsyA and PA were found to be associated with family violence, such as the presence of weapons in the household and adults engaging in frightening screaming behavior. Additionally, children who were bullied by their siblings, had a parent with a primary level of education or less, and always felt safe at home were at an increased risk of experiencing PA. Children who did not feel safe at home all the time were more likely to experience SA. Furthermore, for every one-year increase in schooling, the likelihood of experiencing neglect decreased by 8.3% (B: -.157, P value < .003). Conclusion. Nearly all male working children in rural areas of Bangladesh experienced PsyA and PA, and adult negligence was also prevalent. Although male SA is not a widely discussed issue in Bangladesh, the results of this study are alarming.
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| 11. |
- Lansford, Jennifer E., et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities and peer support for aggression and delinquency during adolescence in nine countries.
- 2020
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2020:172, s. 73-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study tested culture-general and culture-specific aspects of adolescent developmental processes by focusing on opportunities and peer support for aggressive and delinquent behavior, which could help account for cultural similarities and differences in problem behavior during adolescence. Adolescents from 12 cultural groups in 9 countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States) provided data at ages 12, 14, and 15. Variance in opportunities and peer support for aggression and delinquency, as well as aggressive and delinquent behavior, was greater within than between cultures. Across cultural groups, opportunities and peer support for aggression and delinquency increased from early to mid-adolescence. Consistently across diverse cultural groups, opportunities and peer support for aggression and delinquency predicted subsequent aggressive and delinquent behavior, even after controlling for prior aggressive and delinquent behavior. The findings illustrate ways that international collaborative research can contribute to developmental science by embedding the study of development within cultural contexts.
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| 12. |
- Miklikowska, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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All together now : Cooperative classroom climate and the development of youth attitudes toward immigrants
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1520-3247 .- 1534-8687. ; 2021:177, s. 123-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although classrooms have been described as an important socialization agent for the development of intergroup attitudes, the role of classroom climate has rarely been investigated. This 5-wave study of Swedish adolescents (N = 892, 51.1% girls, nested in 35 classrooms) examined the role of cooperative classroom climate for the development of youth attitudes toward immigrants. The results of multilevel analyses showed that adolescents who perceived classroom climate to be more cooperative had lower levels of anti-immigrant attitudes compared to youth who perceived the classroom climate as less cooperative. Similarly, classrooms with a more cooperative climate were more positive toward immigrants than classrooms with a less cooperative climate. In addition, cooperative classroom climate did not moderate the effects of classroom ethnic diversity on youth attitudes. These findings suggest that cooperative classroom climate reduces the risk of prejudice development.
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| 13. |
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