| 1. |
- André, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Method Development for Identifying and Analysing Stakeholders in Climate Change Adaptation Processes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 14:3, s. 243-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is now widely recognized that stakeholder interaction and dialogue is essential to improve decisions about and awareness of climate change. The term ‘stakeholder’ is broad and researchers and practitioners may have interrelated and contrasting views on who is a stakeholder or who is (or should be) responsible for adaptation to climate change. To engage stakeholders in research or other projects on adaptation thus requires a careful mapping of the stakeholder landscape and identification of relevant actors at different levels. Through a case study approach, based on studies of two Swedish urban regions, Stockholm and Gothenburg, this paper proposes a systematic method to analyse and identify roles and responsibilities in the stakeholder landscape. The initial mapping exercise was complemented by participatory studies of local and regional stakeholders’ perceptions of who is, or should be, involved in adaptation and their significance for climate change adaptation in the respective regions. The results indicate the value of careful stakeholder analysis for sustainable, effective, planned adaptation that is flexible, but also systematic enough to fulfil practical and scientific requirements for the study and advancement of ongoing adaptation processes and implementation.
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| 2. |
- Beland Lindahl, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Place Perceptions and Controversies over Forest Management: Exploring a Swedish Example
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 15, s. 201-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the role of place perceptions in controversies over forest management. A neo-Durkheimian approach to frame analysis is used to explore actors' perceptions of places, forests and policy. This is combined with an examination of actors' varying capacity to influence policy-making using an interpretive policy analysis framework. Empirically, the analysis investigates a controversy over natural resource management in Jokkmokk municipality, northern Sweden. The research draws upon qualitative data collected from a variety of state, economic and social actors. It shows how a systematic analysis of place-related frames can elucidate the policy-making process. It demonstrates how conflicting place meanings divide actors, their frames and interpretive communities. However, social organization and loyalties are also important in shaping actions. The analytical framework offers a sociologically based approach to exploring the role of place perceptions in natural resource politics. It facilitates in-depth understanding of policy-making and may thus contribute to strengthening efforts to manage conflicts and to develop equitable governance systems for natural resource management.
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| 3. |
- Birnbaum, Simon, 1977-
(författare)
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Environmental co-governance, legitimacy, and the quest for compliance : When and why is stakeholder participation desirable?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 18:3, s. 306-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deliberative forms of stakeholder participation have been widely embraced as a key measure for addressing legitimacy deficits and non-compliance in environmental governance. However, the great significance of such collaborative structures for state-stakeholder interaction is much too often accepted uncritically as an established truth in the environmental policy discourse. Building on examples from the literature on fisheries co-governance, this article constructs a conceptual and normative framework for interpreting and assessing such views about co-governance, legitimacy and compliance. Analysing central claims in this discourse in relation to different concepts and standards of legitimacy helps us identify and distinguish many powerful reasons to welcome co-governance. However, the article defends the need to do so cautiously and reflectively. It is conceptually misleading to suggest that more intense forms of co-governance will generally improve the overall level of social legitimacy and, thereby, compliance rates among stakeholders. Furthermore, it is argued that the democratic value of co-governance is not fundamental. The democratic desirability of such arrangements should be primarily assessed on instrumental-pragmatic grounds, focusing on their capacity to serve the wider ideals of equal citizenship and public reason.
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| 4. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental representatives : whom, what, and how are they representing?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20:1, s. 114-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Literature on environment and representation in politics, management, and deliberation has paid little attention on the people involved: environmental representatives. The aim of this paper is to illuminate how environmental representatives in various organizational and professional contexts understand their role as representatives, and how they are shaped by their contexts. The paper argues that it is crucial to learn about the everyday reality of individual representatives to better understand the limitations and possibilities they face. The study is based on 19 interviews with environmental representatives from five organizational and professional contexts: the state, civil society, business, science, and media in Sweden. The paper concludes that some differences in experiences, for example, in freedom and constraint, can be understood in relation to the representatives’organizational and professional affiliation. Other experiences are common: (i) all categories stated the importance of being impartial and well read; (ii) complex layers of affiliation imply that representation requires sensitivity and adjustment between different situations; and (iii) the performative aspects of representation include the representatives’claims-making, others’attributions, and long-term learning of their role. The article contributes an understanding of organizational conditions and the often paradoxical, layered, multifaceted, and cautious representation these individual actors perform.
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| 5. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-
(författare)
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Establishing credibility : Practising standard-setting ideals in a Swedish seafood-labelling case
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 8:2, s. 135-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Market-based non-state governance arrangements, many examples of which are seen in the environmental field, require the active approval of a broad group of stakeholders. This paper makes the theoretical argument that credibility is a key issue in the establishment of such arrangements, and examines empirically the effort to develop a trustworthy eco-labelling scheme for seafood in Sweden. Many policy actors view eco-labelling as a particularly credible instrument that consumers and businesspeople can use to demonstrate environmentally friendly behaviour. But establishing credibility is complicated, especially if the issues are controversial and if there is mistrust among the groups. This paper analyses the challenges involved in practising six standard-setting ideals, the fulfilment of which is seen to establish credibility: inclusiveness, independence, auditability, scientific validity, global applicability and the balancing of feasibility versus environmental stringency. The ideals are subjects of framing, debating, power struggles and negotiation; and are dependent upon context, situational and historical factors. The assumed positive relationship between ideals and credibility is complicated because of the challenges involved in practising the ideals. This article draws upon the literature on non-state authority, governance and standardization.
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| 6. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-
(författare)
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How state-dependent is a non-state-driven rule-making project? : the case of forest certification in Sweden
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 5:2, s. 165-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, environmental organizations (EOs) have, in co-operation with forest companies and social interest groups, introduced a voluntary certification scheme in accordance with the Forest Stewardship Council's (FSC) principles for sustainable forestry. Sweden was one of the first countries in which a nationally based FSC standard was introduced successfully. It is interesting to examine why a non-state-driven rule-making project has been comparatively successful in Sweden, where the state is often regarded as strong, pragmatic and open for big interest organizations and, therefore, could be expected to be the natural arena for forest regulation initiatives. This article asks: (1) why the certification project was initiated and driven from outside of the state; and (2) to what extent the Swedish state had an impact none the less. The case presented here reveals that the initiatives of EOs were partly motivated by their view that state regulatory processes and frameworks have failed to take care of environmental problems. However, the case also shows indications of state dependency/embeddedness and the article analyses the following factors: (1) regulatory framework; (2) political culture; (3) policy discourse and policy networks; and (4) state legitimacy. These findings suggest that non-state-driven rule-making can receive strength through a positive relationship with the state
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| 7. |
- Brokking, Peter, 1964-
(författare)
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Moving with the Times: An Examination of Ten Years of Dutch Transport Planning
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 3:1, s. 31-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When the Dutch government presented the Second Transport Structure Plan (SW-II) in 1988, it pronounced a new view on transport planning that would give equal weight to accessibility and liveability. Mobility control and selective accessibility were central themes, which would benefit both the environment and economy. A few years later, it became evident that most of the core objectives of the SW-II would not be reached. The professional debate on the implementation of Dutch transport planning indicated a number of explanations for the inadequacy of the national policies, mainly related to the institutional context of public planning, and the lack of coordination between the actors involved. In response to the experiences of the SW-II, the proposed new national transport policy announces better cooperation between the actors in the field of transport planning, and replaces sustainable development with sustainable economy.
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| 8. |
- Brukas, Vilis
(författare)
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New World, Old Ideas-A Narrative of the Lithuanian Forestry Transition
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 17, s. 495-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radical socio-economic transition has brought significant yet vaguely understood challenges for forestry in the countries of the former Eastern Bloc. This study narrates the case of the Lithuanian forestry transition, structured along the divides of actor versus structure and material versus ideational world. The narrative exposes remarkably stable forest policy with a significant exception of increased environmental consideration, induced mainly by strong external pressures. The forest policy arena is dominated by state authorities that are grounded in the theory of normal forest, rather distrust private forestry and primarily rely on regulatory instruments. Though the prevailing forestry paradigm has been challenged by researchers, arguing for administrative reforms, increased economic efficiency and larger decision freedom, the alternative ideas were either neglected or denounced fiercely. Such conservatism is a combined effect of ideological heritage of the forestry profession intermingled with vested interests by state forestry authorities.
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| 9. |
- Bäckstrand, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The Road to Paris : Contending Climate Governance Discourses in the Post-Copenhagen Era
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 21:5, s. 519-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we advance discourse analysis to interpret how the state and direction of climate governance is imagined or interpreted by the multitude of actors present at UN climate conferences. We approach the annual Conferences of the Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as active political sites that project ideas, assumptions and standards for the conduct of global politics. This paper examines to what extent the discourses of green governmentality, ecological modernization and civic environmentalism identified by Backstrand and Lovbrand [(2006). Planting trees to mitigate climate change. Contested discourses of ecological modernization, green governmentality and civic environmentalism. Global Environmental Politics, 6(1), 51-71; Backstrand, K., & Lovbrand, E. (2007). Climate governance beyond 2012. Competing discourses of green governmentality, ecological modernization and civic environmentalism. In M. Pettenger (Ed.), The social construction of climate change. Ashgate] a decade ago still inform how climate governance is imagined and enacted in the post-Copenhagen era. After reviewing scholarship on climate governance and International Relations, we introduce our discursive framework and systematically compare three contending discourses of climate governance articulated at COP 17 in Durban (2011), COP 19 in Warsaw (2013) and COP 20 in Lima (2014). We end by discussing whether the discursive struggles played out at UN climate conferences represent a shift in the ways in which climate governance was imagined and enacted on the road to Paris, and to what extent our findings may help to extend scholarship in this field.
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| 10. |
- Coffey, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing biodiversity policy designs in Australia, France and Sweden : Comparative lessons for transformative governance of biodiversity?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 25:3, s. 287-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biodiversity decline undermines the conditions for life on Earth resulting in calls for transformative governance of biodiversity. Under the Convention on Biological Diversity, national biodiversity strategies provide the primary mechanism through which governments demonstrate their conservation efforts. With many countries due to develop new strategies under the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, it is timely to assess existing ones to identify policy design elements that could be ‘ratcheted up’ to meet the transformative agenda. This article analyzes andc ompares the policy designs of national biodiversity strategies in Australia, France and Sweden. We cover problem framing, policy goals, targeted groups, implementing agents, and policy instruments, to draw lessons on how national strategies can be designed to further support transformation of biodiversity governance. We identify elements in these strategies that can be used to inspire future ones: a negotiated framing of biodiversity and participatory processes in France, nested and integrated goals, targets and measures in Sweden, and an engagement with indigenous knowledge in Australia. However, to bring about transformative change, the analysis also shows the need for novel and fundamental re-designs to successfully target indirect drivers of biodiversity loss, shift power relations, and make biodiversity conservation a priority rather than an option.
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| 11. |
- Colona, Francesco
(författare)
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Urban decarbonization policy as assembling process : heterogeneous elements, networks and (un)making of target groups in a Swedish municipality between serendipity and design
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge; Taylor & Francis. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 25:3, s. 314-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, I approach urban decarbonization policy as an assembling process. Based on interview material in the municipality of Umea, Sweden, the article highlights three important aspects of how planners, strategists and project managers produce decarbonization policies, initiatives or experimental projects. The first shows how an important part of the policymaking is to contend with and bring together heterogeneous elements (e.g. low-carbon mobility initiatives, private companies, municipal transport system) to work for one goal (e.g. some families experimenting with car-free life). The second shows how cultivating relations within and outside the municipality offices allows project managers to form trusted networks that are instrumental towards more efficient policymaking and implementation. The last shows how planners unmake and remake target groups to produce coherent and effective policies. While each of these aspects, respectively, highlight typical tropes of assemblage thinking (i.e. heterogeneity, relationality and coherence) together they share a concern with the labour and work required by policy as an assembling process. Making policy on cross-sectional issues such as decarbonization, reveals labour as a relevant category to attend to the necessary tension between mission-oriented design and an openness and ability to capitalize on more serendipitous moments and opportunities.
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| 12. |
- de Boon, Auvikki, et al.
(författare)
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Governing dual objectives within single policy mixes : an empirical analysis of large carnivore policies in six European countries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 23:4, s. 399-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policy mixes (i.e. the total structure of policy processes, strategies, and instruments) are complex constructs that can quickly become incoherent, inconsistent, and incomprehensive. This is amplified when the policy mix strives to meet multiple objectives simultaneously, such as in the case of large carnivore policy mixes. Building on Rogge and Reichardt's analytical framework for the analysis of policy mixes, we compare the policy mixes of Norway, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, Germany (specifically Saxony and Bavaria), and Spain (specifically Castilla y León). The study shows that the large carnivore policy mixes in the case countries show signs of lacking vertical and horizontal coherence in the design of policy processes, weak consistency between objectives and designated policy instruments, and, as a consequence, lacking comprehensiveness. We conclude that creating consistent, coherent, and comprehensive policy mixes that build on multiple objectives requires stepping away from sectorized policy development, toward a holistic, systemic approach, strong collaborative structures across policy boundaries and regions, the inclusion of diverse stakeholders, and constant care and attention to address all objectives simultaneously rather than in isolation.
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| 13. |
- Dreyer, Marion, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory Deliberation, Risk Governance and Management of the Marine Region in the European Union
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 16:4, s. 497-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, marine environmental risks are governed in a complex multi-level system. The role that the marine region could or should play as a level of risk governance has attracted growing attention of late. In this context, reference has been made to the regional sea as one level at which participatory processes in the future governing of European Union’s (EU) marine environment and resources are required. The paper unfolds the particular challenges that one faces when trying to implement stakeholder and citizen participatory deliberation at marine region level. The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive is highlighted as a key European environmental policy initiative and participatory deliberation at regional sea level is underlined as a requirement for the Directive’s successful implementation. The paper’s account of participatory deliberation is informed by perspectives of inclusive risk governance and reflexive governance. The discussion of the challenges draws on the distinction between horizontal and vertical risk governance. The paper’s main argument is that frequently encountered problems of participatory deliberation are exacerbated when deliberation is to be carried out at the regional sea level, i.e. at a large trans-boundary scale. These problems include the ‘inclusivity-effectiveness dilemma’, a fragmentation of participation efforts and a loose connection to actual decision-making.
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| 14. |
- Dymén, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Engendering Climate Change : The Swedish Experience of a Global Citizens Consultation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 16:2, s. 161-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on gender dimensions of climate change response is needed if we are to succeed in providing decision-makers with a relevant scientific basis for climate change policy. Although action at the municipal level has become a high priority for Swedish climate change response, knowledge of how gender perspectives affect that response is scarce. This paper contributes knowledge of how to integrate a gender perspective in planning for climate change response, through the modification and application of a system of gender categorization that was originally developed for evaluating the World Bank's performance of environmental impact assessments. That system is used, in this paper, to analyse the Swedish component of a global citizen consultation, World Wide Views on Global Warming. The research is based on analysis of our participation in the World Wide Views as well as interviews and documentation. A conclusion from our analysis is that the Swedish part of the citizen consultation was driven by an approach that, according to the system of gender categorization, strongly demonstrated both feminine and masculine attributes. The results show that an approach that incorporates not only masculine attributes, but also feminine ones, is likely to generate a more robust and concrete climate change response.
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| 15. |
- Elofsson, Anna Katarina, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Local Governance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Air Travel
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20:5, s. 578-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global greenhouse gas emissions from air travel (GHG-A) are on the rise, and projections point towards a rapid growth in the coming decades. This study aims to examine how local government (cities), addresses GHG-A in their Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAP). To fulfil this aim, over 200 SEAPs were analysed focusing on three issues: (1) Treatment of GHG-A in local emissions inventories; (2) Policy initiatives within this domain; and (3) The cities’ perceptions of the conflicts of interests. Results showed that more than half of the cities acknowledge the challenge of GHG-A, around one third include GHG-A in their emissions inventories, and more than one quarter have initiated policy interventions. To categorise these interventions, we have added a mode ‘governing by agenda setting’ to an existing analytical framework, ‘Modes of governing’. With their authority limited to the local setting, this mode of governing is a common channel for cities to push changes at higher levels.
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| 16. |
- Fischer, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of the will to improve: how "sustainability' sidelined local livelihoods in a carbon-forestry investment in Uganda
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20, s. 328-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a win-win' discourse on local sustainable development and global climate change mitigation regarding Kachung, a Swedish-Norwegian climate forestry investment in Uganda certified under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). In many ways, this investment is a typical example of how private interests and capital accumulation are prioritised over local concerns in natural resource management under neoliberalism. This study, however, indicated that investors had genuine intentions of creating mutual benefits for the global environment and local people. Drawing on Li (2007), we show that this will to improve' was nevertheless constructed in ways that resulted in prioritisation of global climate change mitigation over local context-specific concerns.We identify three core factors making the win-win discourse around Kachung plantation especially resilient: (i) the perceived urgency of climate change mitigation, (ii) the apolitical framing of sustainability' as an environmental issue that can be fixed through external technical interventions and (iii) the devaluation of local and context-specific knowledge. We end by suggesting that research on the neoliberalisation of nature focus more on analysing the rationales behind specific interventions. This would leave us better equipped to suggest how such interventions should be modified to produce true wins for local contexts.
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| 17. |
- Grainger, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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The development and intersection of highland-coastal scale frames : a case study of water governance in central Peru
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 21:4, s. 373-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scale framing makes an important difference to how complex environmental policy issues are defined and understood by different groups of actors. Increasing urban water demand and uncertain future climatic conditions in the Andes present major water governance challenges for the coastal regions of Peru. An understudied dimension of Peruvian water governance is how scale framing shapes the way problems are defined, and solutions are pursued. Here, we aim to strengthen the understanding of scale framing as it relates to highland-coastal interactions in central Peru between 2004 and 2015. By analysing this period of significant water governance reforms, we identify five prominent water-related frame dimensions and three differently scaled policy storylines and reveal how they developed and intersected over time. The storylines, supported by particular visualisations, either foreground 'urbanshed'-level investment in water supply infrastructure, community-level cultural restoration for improved local agricultural production, or nationwide watershed-level financial mechanisms for highland ecosystem conservation. Our study shows how the intersection of these storylines at different moments during the policy process often had a strengthening effect, creating a coalition of actors who were then able to generate sufficient momentum and support within the Peruvian government for the implementation of conservation-based watershed investments.
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| 18. |
- Granberg, Mikael, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation and Maladaptation in Australian National Climate Change Policy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 16:2, s. 147-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines Australia's national policies for adapting to climate change impacts. Recent developments in research funding, institutional capacities and extreme events have resulted in a greater interest and level of activity in adaptation policy. Based on a historical review of national policy, adaptation policy is considered within a political frame and political values, especially the values of neoliberalism, within adaptation policy are identified. Of interest are the implications of these values for the outcomes of adaptation policy, with attention given to the problem of maladaptation.
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| 19. |
- Haikola, Simon, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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The modern railway and the Swedish state - Competing storylines about state capacity, modernisation and material dependencies in the Swedish high-speed rail discourse, 1995–2020
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 24:3, s. 325-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contrast to its successful decarbonisation of the electricity system, Sweden has failed to achieve momentum in its attempts to decarbonise transport. This paper examines the reasons for this failure by investigating the discourse around investment in Swedish transport infrastructure. Our analysis focusses specifically on discussions about establishing high-speed rail (HSR) spanning 25 years. We identify three central discursive themes: the issue of financing, the role of the state in socio-technical change, and fatalism. We then trace these themes to storylines within the HSR discourse that each tell a story about good transport governance, informed by a specific interpretation of Swedish modernisation. Four storylines converge in a ‘‘deflationary’’ discourse coalition, characterised by ideas of sound finance and depoliticised governance, that reinforces material dependencies on existing transport infrastructure. A competing, ‘‘Weberian’’ discourse coalition is united through a contrasting storyline that instead highlights state capacity as evidenced by Swedish modernisation.
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| 20. |
- Hansson-Forman, Katarina, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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A view through the lens of policy formulation : the struggle to formulate Swedish moose policy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - London : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 23:4, s. 528-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policy formulation refers to how problems identified in the agenda-setting phase transform into government programs. As the process of designing policy alternatives expresses and allocates power among different interests, policy formulation affects both implementation and outcomes. This paper examines the Swedish moose policy of 2010, revealing that the policy portrays the issue of moose as an ecological problem, while motivations for adopting policy measures are largely described in economic terms. Because of this incongruity, the policy may not achieve its goals. Furthermore, implementation principles stemming from different design strategies clash in the attempt to incorporate both local and ecosystem-based levels of management into a single system, leaving the policy implementation with many uncertainties and tensions. To deliver the policy’s goal, the government could consider clarifying the operationalization of the ecosystem-based management approach and identifying the prerequisites necessary for building capacity, dealing with strong stakeholders, and ensuring fair representation of key actors. Future research should further explore the consequences of policy imbalances in relation to intended goals, the importance of understanding the rationales and design strategies underpinning implementation principles, and the need to discuss operationalization of EBM in relation to different types of objects of management and to issues of scale.
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| 21. |
- Hassler, Björn
(författare)
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Environmental Conventions, Pro-active Countries and Unilateral Initiatives : Sweden and the Case of Oil Transportation on the Baltic Sea
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 10:4, s. 339-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine oil transportation in the Baltic Sea has increased significantly during the past decade. This may pose a significant threat to the environment, partly due to the increased risk of accidents and partly because of deliberate flushing of oil tanks at sea and other diffuse emissions. The problem is examined from a Swedish point of view, emphasizing possible ways of reducing environmental risks associated with marine oil transportation in which cooperative solutions will be required to solve current collective action dilemmas. It is argued that since international conventions tend to suffer from lowest-common-denominator (LCD) effects whereby the least interested actors often set the level of ambition, pro-active countries may benefit from adopting dual strategies where unilateral initiatives and convention-based cooperation are made part of an integrated approach. Countries such as Sweden that are especially vulnerable to ecological threats from marine oil transportation may thus have strong incentives to provide targeted support to less exposed countries. It is concluded that unilateral and sub-regional initiatives may serve an important objective in complementing international conventions and thereby reduce negative effects from Lcd outcomes.
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| 22. |
- Hassler, Björn, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Management in Regional Marine Governance? : The Baltic Sea Context
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 15:2, s. 225-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, European marine governance seems to be undergoing significant changes. From having been based largely on scientific expert knowledge, restricted risk assessments and governmental regulation, we are now witnessing a management turn towards holistic perspectives, the inclusion of stakeholders, adaptive governance, and co-production of knowledge—the so-called ecosystem approach to management (EAM). By using the Baltic Sea as an example of these changes, we have taken a closer look at the 2007 Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) of the Helsinki Commission and the recent organizational changes within the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Informed by a Reflexive Governance perspective, the primary objective has been to analyse the extent to which institutional preconditions for using an EAM exist in these two cases. Our results show that even though the BSAP has been designed with an EAM approach as its core philosophy, existing implementation, financing, monitoring, and enforcement structures make it unlikely that actual management modes will change significantly in the near feature. Changes in the ICES have occurred as a result of an internal restructuring process characterized by integrative and learning elements. It has been shown that adopting a broad social science perspective and a reflexive governance viewpoint can elucidate how factors such as inadequate institutional change, limited cooperation over sector borders, and adjustment problems caused by path dependency can threaten the successful turn towards the EAM in marine governance.
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| 23. |
- Hassler, Björn, 1964-
(författare)
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Transnational environmental collective action facing implementation constraints : the case of nutrient leakage in the Baltic Sea Action Plan
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 19:4, s. 408-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While scholars have showed a long-standing interest for how to design effective environmental treaties and other international agreements, less interest has been paid to implementation phases of these agreements. This article takes the Eutrophication Segment in the Baltic Sea Action Plan as an example of a regional effort to reduce nutrient leakages, where national reporting of adopted strategies has been a key mechanism to improve implementation effectiveness. It is shown that although transnational collective action theory is a powerful tool to analyse underlying drivers and priorities in state implementation policies, a deeper analysis of domestic and external constraints can shed additional light on observed implementation gaps. Varying views among countries on, for example, the role of stakeholder participation, legitimacy and top-down governing versus multi-stakeholder governance approaches may comprise domestic constraints that make effective and efficient implementation problematic. In terms of external constraints, states’ balancing of action plan objectives versus other international commitments, such as other environmental treaties and EU Directives, is shown to potentially reduce implementation efficiency as well.
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| 24. |
- Hoover, Fushcia-Ann, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental justice implications of siting criteria in urban green infrastructure planning
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 23:5, s. 665-682
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green infrastructure (GI) has become a panacea for cities working to enhance sustainability and resilience. While the rationale for GI primarily focuses on its multifunctionality (e.g. delivering multiple ecosystem services to local communities), uncertainties remain around how, for whom, and to what extent GI delivers these services. Additionally, many scholars increasingly recognize potential disservices of GI, including gentrification associated with new GI developments. Building on a novel dataset of 119 planning documents from 19 U.S. cities, we utilize insights from literature on justice in urban planning to examine the justice implications of criteria used in the siting of GI projects. We analyze the GI siting criteria described in city plans and how they explicitly or implicitly engage environmental justice. We find that justice is rarely explicitly discussed, yet the dominant technical siting criteria that focus on stormwater and economic considerations have justice implications. We conclude with recommendations for centering justice in GI spatial planning.
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| 25. |
- Hovik, Sissel, et al.
(författare)
-
Management of protected areas in Norway and Sweden : challenges in combining central governance and local participation
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 12:2, s. 159-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neither Norway nor Sweden has fulfilled international commitments to the principles of direct public involvement in nature conservation, which involve (we believe) the state adopting an 'enabling' role, mobilizing governance resources to support decentralized decision-making while retaining powers to intervene when necessary to defend important minority interests or support international objectives. We analyse four attempts to establish nature conservation areas with substantial levels of direct public involvement in the two countries and argue that in each case, flaws in the setting of the areas' boundaries, the framework for participation and conflict resolution mechanisms have undermined public involvement. Hence, there is a need to design more effective, enabling rules to encourage local actor involvement in nature conservation and resolve any political issues that arise as a consequence of such involvement, before the international commitments can be fulfilled.
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| 26. |
- Hrelja, Robert, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Creating Transformative Force? : The Role of Spatial Planning in Climate Change Transitions Towards Sustainable Transportation
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 17:5, s. 617-635
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informed by the concept of strategy-making, this paper analyses the ability of spatial planning to support local climate change transitions towards sustainable transportation in two case studies of planning in Swedish municipalities with comparatively high climate ambitions. The analysis shows that the expectations on planning to effect change need to be moderated. Not even in these climate-ambitious municipalities did transportation planning result in strategic reorientation. While climate change was clearly filtered into local strategy-making, no new climate frame was established. Rather in goals it was linked to an overall attractive city storyline. Transportation planners have sought to mobilize force through developing new tools and routines to strengthen the role of climate change. In detailed planning, however, when plans become legally binding, agency in relation to climate change was limited by allowing private actors a pivotal position. Also, tools were used selectively and when settling priorities, climate change was subordinate to economic growth interests. While the planning observed can be regarded as weak, its ability to support climate transition would have been even weaker had it not been linked to the attractive city storyline. Consequently, to facilitate climate transition mobilizing force needs to be generated within the current local implementation structure.
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| 27. |
- Hysing, Erik, 1977-
(författare)
-
Greening transport : explaining urban transport policy change
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - London : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 11:3, s. 243-261
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transport policy has proven highly resistant to change despite growing environmental problems. However, in the Swedish city of Örebro, objectives and policy measures in support of ecological sustainability have successfully been introduced in urban transport policies adopted by the local government. This article explains how this 'greening' became possible. Three variables of change proved highly important to understand policy change in this case: (i) new policy ideas of sustainable transport, (ii) reorganization of the local administration and (iii) the pressure of green policy entrepreneurs. A common denominator behind all these changes was the reformation of urban transport into a political issue through discursive changes and an active involvement by elected politicians, that is, politicization. The continuing importance of politics in contemporary policy processes as complex as transport is an important lesson from this case, that is, politics still matters.
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| 28. |
- Johansson, Johanna, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Constructing and justifying risk and accountability after extreme events : public administration and stakeholders’ responses to a wildfire disaster
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 22:3, s. 353-365
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impacts of extreme weather events, causing severe storms and wildfires, cascade across administrative borders within a country, challenging the steering capacity of governance networks at different political scales. This paper examines how accountability and risk were constructed and negotiated in the aftermath of Sweden’s largest wildfire. It draws on results from an interview study with executives of organizations and landowners involved, and an analysis of government reports about the wildfire’s cause and consequences. Although the fire was human-caused, public administrative bodies paid considerable attention to the local emergency services and their poor handling of the wildfire, caused by lack of knowledge of forest fire behavior. The study confirms many of the challenges associated with governance networks. It finds that issues about who to hold accountable, in what forum and for what issue are not fully addressed, being overwhelmed by demands for better knowledge of forest fire prevention and improved coordination and collaboration. To conclude, the paper calls for a better-informed public administration, forest sector and interrelated networks that take responsibility for their actions or lack thereof.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Kronsell, Annica, et al.
(författare)
-
Critical masculine and feminine norms in sustainable municipal transport policies and planning
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 25:6, s. 663-675
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transport planning has historically been dominated by masculinity norms with minimal attention to sustainability, but these norms are challenged. Our analytical framework explores municipal solutions to sustainable transport that go beyond traditional norms and advances knowledge on how gendered sustainability norms are articulated in municipal transport policies and planning documents. The article investigates whether masculine and feminine norms on sustainability affect transport planning and if they are concretely expressed in transport solutions in planning and policy documents in Swedish municipalities, considered high achievers in sustainable transport. The article also observes gender representation and political affiliation related to gender sustainability norms. Our results show that all municipal committees that handle transport planning adhere to masculine and feminine sustainability norms but that there are significant differences in the content of the policies. Our results do not verify a relation between norms and the representation of men and women in the transport committees, we find evidence of divergences between masculine and feminine norms in relation to political ideas.
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| 31. |
- Lidskog, Rolf, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ecological modernization in practice? : the case of sustainable development in Sweden
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 14:4, s. 411-427
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is widely considered a forerunner in environmental policy and one of the most ecologically modernized countries in the world. However, like most other countries, it has not been able to escape from economic recession, high unemployment rates and increasing social segregation. Doubts have also been raised as to whether the rosy picture of successful eco-modernization corresponds to policy in practice. How does Sweden stand the test when bold sustainable development goals confront the challenges of financial and economic crisis and strong pressure on its social welfare system? The analysis finds that Sweden has officially adopted an eco-modernist understanding of society where economic growth, social welfare and environmental values and interests support each other, with economic growth notably considered the crucial driver. However, reconciling these dimensions into one integrated strategy for sustainable development is easier said than done, and it is shown that the gulf between policy rhetoric and practice is deeper than recognized and may even be increasing. The article finally addresses the question of whether this conclusion indicates the dead-end of eco-modernization as a discursive guideline for sustainable development or if it is rather a trigger for a more radical approach to eco-modernization.
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| 32. |
- Lidskog, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge, power and control : studying environmental regulation in late modernity
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 7:2, s. 89-106
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the same time as increased demands for standardization and control occur within the environmental field, regulation is being confronted by tendencies towards contextualization and fragmentation. This paper examines the question of how these seemingly opposing tendencies can be understood. The aim of this paper is to develop an approach for the study of risk regulation in contemporary society. Four elements are stressed as vital to consider when approaching environmental regulation: (i) the varying roles of science and expertise in regulation; (ii) the decisive role of intentional actors and regulatory organizations; (iii) the decisive but not exclusive role of the nation-state; and (iv) regulation as a process in which knowledge, risk and public concerns are constructed. In conclusion, the paper states that even if regulation is currently dispersed, the concepts of knowledge, power and control are still central to the study of environmental regulation.
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| 33. |
- Metzger, Jonathan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
The flexibility gamble : challenges for mainstreaming flexible approaches to climate change adaptation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive and flexible approaches based on implementing different measures as new information emerges have been proposed as a way of enabling robustness towards uncertain future climate change. However, the success of flexible approaches in practice depends on the stability of the relevant organizational landscapes. In this paper, we draw upon key insights from the institutional theories of organizations and research on public administration and climate adaptation in Sweden. We argue that potential organizational instabilities pose a substantial challenge for the mainstreaming of flexible approaches to climate adaptation. Given the unstable character of the relevant organizational landscape in a very stable country such as Sweden, it seems reasonable to also seriously doubt the capacity of the relevant authorities in less stable countries to carry out a great number of monitoring-intensive, and hence attention-demanding, adaptive governance processes over time. Based on our results we argue that it is perilous to simply assume that flexible approaches to climate adaptation will lead to greater robustness.
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| 34. |
- Mohedano Roldán, Alba, et al.
(författare)
-
Does stakeholder participation increase the legitimacy of nature reserves in local communities? Evidence from 92 Biosphere Reserves in 36 countries
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 21:2, s. 188-203
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to investigate if stakeholder participation increases the legitimacy of nature reserves in the surrounding community. Most previous studies of the effects of stakeholder participation in natural resource management have relied on case studies, but in this paper we use a combination of panel data from a two-wave survey (2008 and 2013) of 92 Biosphere Reserves (BRs) in 36 countries and semi-structured interview data from 65 stakeholder respondents in a sub-sample of 10 BRs to systematically investigate the effects of stakeholder participation on the legitimacy of the natural reserve in the local community. The data cover four levels of stakeholder participation: (1) Information, (2) Implementation, (3) Involvement and (4) Representation. These levels roughly correspond to rungs on Arnstein's ladder of participation, and the expected outcome is that the legitimacy of the nature reserve will increase in the surrounding local community as the degree of participation increases. However, findings suggest that there is no linear relationship between participation and legitimacy: climbing upwards on Arnstein's ladder of participation does not uniformly enhance the level of legitimacy of the nature reserve in the local community. Instead, a practice-based form of participation is what seems to increase legitimacy.
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| 35. |
- Mukhtar-Landgren, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Municipalities as enablers in urban experimentation
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 21:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the light of increasing urban challenges, municipalities are developing and advancing new forms of governing. One such example is ?urban experimentation?, a process where city-based innovation processes are initiated to test solutions that ? if deemed successful ? are intended to be scaled up with the ambition to leverage a broader urban sustainability transition. Research on experimental governance has shown that municipalities can play various roles in these processes, including the role as enabler. The article contributes to the literature on the roles of public actors in urban experimentation on sustainability challenges by advancing understanding of the less studied ?enabler? role. We probe the politics of enabling by focusing on the policy instruments employed by municipalities. Our aim is to provide deeper insights into the everyday work of urban administrations when they act in the ?enabler? role. One particular approach of urban experimentation is Urban Living Labs (ULL), and this paper analyses ULL that address sustainability challenges. Along the four dimensions of nodality, authority, treasury, and organisation, we identify the politics of enabling in four ULL examples from Sweden and the Netherlands.
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| 36. |
- Niemeyer, Simon
(författare)
-
Deliberation and ecological democracy : from citizen to global system
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 22:1, s. 16-29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecological democracy confronts a challenge of not only reconciling democracy and ecology, but doing so where human activities and their environmental consequences are increasingly global. Deliberative scholars dealing with these issues emphasise reflexive governance, involving the contestation of discourses, as part of the solution, mostly aimed at high-level institutions and intergovernmental cooperation. However, even at this level democracy demands responsiveness to the citizen. To this end, the paper explores citizen-level deliberation to inform possibilities for ecological democracy writ large, via a growing literature on deliberative governance and polycentrism. Different system levels are connected via ecologically reflexive capacity and the discursive conditions under which it is enhanced, including in small-scale minipublics. This understanding informs mechanisms for 'scaling up' deliberative quality to the wider public sphere via regulating the manipulation of public discourse. Minipublic deliberation, properly harnessed, can serve to decontaminate public debate of anti-reflexive strategic arguments and reshape public discourse. Such anti-reflexive strategies seek to shape the public will, specifically by de-emphasising ecology via intuitive arguments that short-cut public reasoning. Acting as discursive regulatory trustees, minipublics can improve reflexivity in the wider system via a nested polycentric approach that discursively connects citizens' deliberation to the global system both horizontally and vertically.
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| 37. |
- Niskanen, Johan, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mainstreaming passive houses: more gradual reconfiguration than transition
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge; Taylor & Francis. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 24:6, s. 612-624
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Buildings are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. A transition to low-carbon housing requires the introduction of very energy-efficient buildings on a global scale and effective policy measures to support such a transformation. In this article, we study one such radical solution for energy-efficient buildings - the passive house - through a national case study in Sweden. We identify three societal domains where passive houses increasingly become embedded in the building sector: Firstly, the framing of passive houses in the public debate shifted from being presented as a radical alternative for a future low-carbon housing sector to being perceived as a specific low-energy building market segment. Secondly, passive houses have become part of a broader regional institutional and political context rather than a niche. Finally, passive houses have become a driving force for stricter building regulations but in a way that rather led to the assimilation of selected passive house features into existing sectoral structures. We conclude that the dynamics of change we find is rather a mainstreaming process of gradual adaptation of construction sector structures and passive houses than a radical transformation of the built environment or the diffusion of new building technology.
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| 38. |
- Nobles, Eliza Catherine, 1995, et al.
(författare)
-
Barriers to equitable greening in urban environmental policies
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histories of racist and classist land use decision-making have resulted in environmental disparities across lines of race and income in many U.S. cities. To redress this, many municipal governments are adopting urban greening initiatives that aim to provide public health benefits and bolster climate resilience in underserved communities. Unfortunately, increasing the quantity of green space in these areas does not necessarily mitigate disparities as environmental quality is just one factor in the broader challenges imposed by legacy land use decision-making. Green development in underserved neighborhoods has the potential to worsen social and economic equity concerns due to the influence of market forces. Employing a mixed-method approach encompassing policy review, spatial exploration, and qualitative interviews, this research examined the policies that guide urban greening decision-making in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Results indicate that Philadelphia faces a complex array of obstacles that inhibit equitable urban greening through four themes: (1) perceptions of agency responsibilities, (2) approaches to stakeholder engagement, (3) patterns of disinvestment and maintenance, and (4) project siting decisions. New policies and approaches are recommended to address these obstacles.
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| 39. |
- Palm, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategies and implications for network participation in regional climate and energy planning
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 16:1, s. 3-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional climate and energy planning in Sweden has long been fairly weak. Starting in 2008, however, the regional administrative level was strengthened, when the County Administrative Boards (CABs) were commissioned to develop regional climate and energy strategies. Coordinating and involving various stakeholders in the strategy work was essential to the assignment. The process of developing these strategies is the present focus. The paper analyzes CAB use of various participation approaches when establishing networks, in order to examine how these strategies have influenced the implementation of regional climate and energy strategies and, consequently, the realization of their goals. From case studies of four Swedish counties, we conclude that different network participation approaches result in different implementation outcomes. A meta-governor using a policy participation strategy when establishing networks facilitates implementation, while a meta-governor using deliberative or learning strategies for network participation has few opportunities for implementation.
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| 40. |
- Paulsson, Alexander
(författare)
-
Making the sustainable more sustainable : public transport and the collaborative spaces of policy translation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20:4, s. 419-433
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates where and how sustainable transport goals are translated into public transport planning and operations. The case where this is explored is the Regional Public Transport Authority (RPTA) in Stockholm, Sweden. By drawing upon recent discussions on policy translation and political-administrative relationships, sustainable transport is found to be translated in two different collaborative spaces in the RTPA. In the market side of the authority, which is mainly preoccupied with procurement of traffic and compliance issues, sustainable transport is translated into quantitative goals (including biofuels, emissions, noise, etc.) and mechanically reproduced from the politicians via the civil servants to the private operators. In the planning side of the authority, sustainability measurements have been hard to quantify and the challenge to integrate land-use and transport planning is resolved in an organic manner, in specific projects, between the strategic transport planners in the RPTA and the land-use planners in the municipalities, at a distance from the politicians' involvement. Throughout the RPTA, sustainable transport has broadened to also include social sustainability, although this has been difficult to translate into quantitative measurements, which is the desired mode of governance by the politicians.
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| 41. |
- Pickering, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
-
Democratising planetary boundaries : experts, social values and deliberative risk evaluation in Earthsystem governance
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 22:1, s. 59-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent debates about the concept of planetary boundaries recall longstanding concerns about whether ecological limits are compatible with ecological democracy. The planetary boundaries framework (originally set out in Rockstrom et al., 2009a, 2009b) defines values for key Earth-system processes such as climate change and biodiversity that aim to maintain a safe distance from thresholds or levels that could endanger human wellbeing. Despite having a significant impact in policy debates, the framework has been criticised as implying an expert-driven approach to governing global environmental risks that lacks democratic legitimacy. Drawing on research on deliberative democracy and the role of science in democratic societies, we argue that planetary boundaries can be interpreted in ways that remain consistent with democratic decision-making. We show how an iterative, dialogical process to formulate planetary boundaries and negotiate planetary targets could form the basis for a democratically legitimate division of labour among experts, citizens and policy-makers in evaluating and responding to Earth-system risks. Crucial to this division of evaluative labour is opening up space for deliberative contestation about the value judgments inherent in collective responses to Earth-system risks, while also safeguarding the ability of experts to issue warnings about what they consider to be unacceptable risks.
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| 42. |
- Raitio, Kaisa
(författare)
-
Protected areas and indigenous rights in Sapmi: an agonistic reading of conflict and collaboration in land use planning
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 25, s. 342-354
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recognition of Indigenous Peoples' rights has sailed up as one of the most critical issues in land use planning, globally. In this paper, we use a recent planning process for a national park on traditional Sami territory in northern Sweden to demonstrate how state officials engaged in everyday conservation planning are pivotal in navigating colonial legislation and promoting policy change on Indigenous rights. The analysis contributes, among other, to scholarly debates about the role of conflict in land use planning and the practices of frontline bureaucrats in natural resource governance. Our contribution demonstrates the value of an agonistic lens that attends to the constructive role of conflict in democratic change in pluralistic societies. This concerns both how state officials approach disagreement as well as the way contestation can create novel spaces to promote structural changes towards sustainability and justice. By not assuming collaboration but respectfully seeking it, the state officials succeeded in re-designing a collapsed process to help actors explore larger structural issues around Indigenous rights and government policy. In our agnostic reading, then, contestation should be perceived not as oppositional to the establishment of collaboration but as a necessary, and productive, part of inclusive land use planning.
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| 43. |
- Rosvall, Max, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategic visions for local sustainability transition : measuring maturity in Swedish municipalities
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 25:5, s. 539-553
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of strategic visions based on concepts like climate-neutrality, net-zero emissions and energy efficiency is important to align action and build momentum. The agency of transition actors requires clear definitions and explanations of visions, enabling operationalization for action, monitoring and measuring of results. This paper develops a maturity scale for climate-related strategic visions among local governments. Further, the maturity of Swedish municipalities’ climate-related strategic visions is reviewed. The results show that out of Sweden’s 290 municipalities, 256 shows overall low maturity in their strategic visions, not supporting their local, regional and national system actors sufficiently. Furthermore, results from workshops indicate that the roles, mandate and process for working with municipal strategic visions are not clear. There is an ambiguity around visions that is hindering aligned action and progress.
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| 44. |
- Saunders, Fred P., et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge for environmental governance: probing science–policy theory in the cases of eutrophication and fisheries in the Baltic Sea
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 19:6, s. 769-782
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How science and policy interact has been a major research focus in the International Relations (IR) tradition, using the epistemic community (EC) concept, as well as in the alternative perspective of Science and Technology Studies (STS). Should science be autonomous and as apolitical as possible in order to ‘speak truth to power’, as suggested by EC or should the inevitable entanglement of science and politics be accepted and embraced so as to make advice more conducive to negotiating the explicit travails of political decision-making as suggested by STS? With this point of departure, we compare similarities and differences between science–policy interactions in the issue areas of eutrophication and fisheries management of the Baltic Sea. To examine how knowledge is mobilised, the concepts of ‘uncertainty’ and ‘coherence’ are developed, drawing on both EC and STS thinking. We then reflect on the explanatory value of these approaches in both cases and discuss how a separation of science and policy-making in the pursuit of achieving scientific consensus leads to ineffectual policies. Drawing on STS thinking, we urge for a re-conceptualisation of coherence in order to accommodate a more reflexive practice of science–policy interactions.
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| 45. |
- Schubert, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of the ecosystem services approach in Swedish municipal planning
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 20:3, s. 298-312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While ecosystem-based planning approaches are increasingly promoted through international and national policies, municipalities are still struggling with translating them into practice. Against this background, this paper aims to increase the knowledge of current advances and possible ways to support the implementation of the ecosystem services (ES) approach at the municipal level. More specifically, we analyze how ES have been integrated into comprehensive planning within the municipality of Malmö in Sweden over the last 60 years, a declared forerunner in local environmental governance. Based on a content analysis of comprehensive plans over the period 1956–2014 and interviews with municipal stakeholders, this paper demonstrates how planning has shifted over time toward a more holistic view of ES and their significance for human well-being and urban sustainability. Both explicit and implicit applications of the ES concept were found in the analyzed comprehensive plans and associated programs and projects. Our study shows how these applications reflect international, national, and local policy changes, and indicates how municipalities can gradually integrate the ES approach into comprehensive planning and facilitate the transition from implicit to more explicit knowledge use.
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| 46. |
- Sjölander Lindqvist, Annelie, 1970
(författare)
-
Identity, science and politics indivisible: The Swedish wolf controversy deconstructed
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 10:1, s. 71-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although its numbers are steadily increasing, authorities, experts and environmentalists still consider the Scandinavian wolf population to be threatened due to poor pedigree and unlawful killings. An integrated predator policy stipulates that conflicts regarding carnivores must be minimized to assure them continued existence. The recovery of the Scandinavian wolf population has, however, been increasingly contested. While the view that Sweden should take actions to preserve and maintain a wolf population is widely supported by authorities, nature organizations and many members of the public, others disagree, emphasizing that local traditions, values and meanings are being jeopardized as a result of the recovery aims and practices of wolf management. The goal of the central state to work towards the recovery of wolves in Sweden is essentially not a conflict over wolves. Instead, the controversy illustrates how divergent perceptions of the local environment can be understood to constitute inconsistencies regarding how to understand the landscape, and most importantly, what the landscape conveys to people through providing a context for their relationships with 'nature' and with each other. It is in this setting that the recovery of endangered and protected predators unfolds. As will be demonstrated here, central state efforts to achieve an ecosystem that secures the survival of endangered wildlife creates a highly charged political context in which issues of cultural identity, local knowledge and expert science are indivisible.
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| 47. |
- Stepanova, Olga, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Resource Use Conflicts and Urban–Rural Resource Use Dynamics in Swedish Coastal Landscapes: Comparison and Synthesis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 15:4, s. 467-492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In European countries, the coasts are areas with high population density, intensive use of marine and terrestrial resources, and rapid urbanization. Coastal development creates conflicts and further ones are expected through climate change and sea level rise. In this article, the aim is knowledge synthesis for conflict research to support strategies for sustainable coastal zone management. For that purpose an interdisciplinary conceptual framework is elaborated and applied in exemplary conflict analyses. The framework combines knowledge from different fields of environmental and conflict research. In an analysis of 26 local, non-violent resource use conflicts in the Swedish metropolitan coastal areas of Gothenburg and Malmö, the themes of coastal landscape changes, resource management, and conflict analysis are connected in a governance perspective. The data were collected through qualitative, semi-structured interviews and discussions with local stakeholders and experts, document analysis and analysis of articles from local newspapers. The conflict analysis showed the multi-faceted and complex nature of the conflicts. Solutions require interdisciplinary research and knowledge synthesis. Our conclusions relate to the requirements of further development of knowledge integration and approaches to multi-scale environmental governance.
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| 48. |
- Storbjörk, Sofie, 1974-
(författare)
-
"It takes more to get a ship to change course" : Berriers for organizational learning and local climate adaptaion in Sweden
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; 12:3, s. 235-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In working with local climate adaptation, questions are raised of how to increase the capacity for integrating climate considerations in planning and decision-making. As part of the institutional dimension of adaptive capacity, how to foster processes of learning and reflexivity among different administrative units and actors is particularly essential. The aim of this paper is to analyse how the call for systematic organizational learning is manifested in local climate adaptation in two Swedish municipalities, illustrating what forms of learning occur and what learning challenges are identified. Despite the distinct and often contrasting approaches to climate adaptation adopted in the two municipalities-reflecting a variety of learning approaches-there are striking similarities in terms of difficulties in moving beyond the specialized few and reaching general acceptability as well as in the inability to mediate tensions between local sector interests, values and priorities and thus bringing about reflexive learning through experience. The paper shows that the cross-cutting nature of climate change needs to be further acknowledged in practice, including to what extent learning takes place among a specialized few key actors or as part of a systematic and cross-sectoral organizational mainstreaming as well as to what extent learning on paper is actually embraced as learning in use in concrete working practices.
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- Storbjörk, Sofie, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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‘We cannot be at the forefront, changing society’ : exploring how Swedish property developers respond to climate change in urban planning
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Routledge. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200. ; , s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is increasingly expected that private actors play the role as entrepreneurs and front-runners in implementing climate measures, whereas empirical studies of the position, role and engagement of private actors are scarce. Situated in the context of urban planning, a critical arena for triggering climate transitions, the aim of this paper is to explore how Swedish property developers respond to climate change.Qualitative analyses of corporate policy documents and semi-structured interviews with property developers reveal a vast divergence between the written policies, where leadership ambitions are high, and how the practice of property development is discussed in interviews. In the latter, there is little evidence of property developers pursuing a forward-looking or cutting-edge climate change agenda. Instead, they are critical of increased public regulation for climate-oriented measures. Explanations both confirm previous studies, highlighting lack of perceived customer demand, uncertainty of financial returns and limited innovations, and add new elements of place-dependency suggesting that innovative and front-runner practices can only be realized in the larger urban areas. Municipalities seeking to improve their climate-oriented profile in urban planning by involving private property developers need to develop strategies to maneuver the variance in responses to increase the effectiveness of implementation.
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