| 1. |
- Agardh, Emilie E., et al.
(författare)
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Disease Burden Attributed to Drug use in the Nordic Countries : a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries share similarities in many social and welfare domains, but drug policies have varied over time and between countries. We wanted to compare differences in mortality and disease burden attributed to drug use over time. Using results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we extracted age-standardized estimates of deaths, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs per 100 000 population for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden during the years 1990 to 2019. Among males, DALY rates in 2019 were highest in Finland and lowest in Iceland. Among females, DALY rates in 2019 were highest in Iceland and lowest in Sweden. Sweden have had the highest increase in burden since 1990, from 252 DALYs to 694 among males, and from 111 to 193 among females. Norway had a peak with highest level of all countries in 2001-2004 and thereafter a strong decline. Denmark have had the most constant burden over time, 566-600 DALYs among males from 1990 to 2010 and 210-240 DALYs among females. Strict drug policies in Nordic countries have not prevented an increase in some countries, so policies need to be reviewed.
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| 2. |
- Ahorsu, Daniel Kwasi, et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Fear of COVID-19, Mental Health, and Preventive Behaviours Across Pregnant Women and Husbands : An Actor-Partner Interdependence Modelling
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 68-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present cross-sectional study examined the actor-partner interdependence effect of fear of COVID-19 among Iranian pregnant women and their husbands and its association with their mental health and preventive behaviours during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. A total of 290 pregnant women and their husbands (N = 580) were randomly selected from a list of pregnant women in the Iranian Integrated Health System and were invited to respond to psychometric scales assessing fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours. The findings demonstrated significant dyadic relationships between husbands and their pregnant wives' fear of COVID-19, mental health, and preventive behaviours. Pregnant wives' actor effect of fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours but not anxiety. Moreover, a husband actor effect of fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours. Additionally, there were significant partner effects observed for both the pregnant wives and their husbands concerning all outcomes. The present study used a cross-sectional design and so is unable to determine the mechanism or causal ordering of the effects. Also, the data are mainly based on self-reported measures which have some limitations due to its potential for social desirability and recall biases. Based on the findings, couples may benefit from psychoeducation that focuses on the effect of mental health problems on pregnant women and the foetus.
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| 3. |
- Ahorsu, Daniel K., et al.
(författare)
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The Fear of COVID-19 Scale : Development and Initial Validation
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 1537-1545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, and anxiety among individuals worldwide. The present study developed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to complement the clinical efforts in preventing the spread and treating of COVID-19 cases.Methods: The sample comprised 717 Iranian participants. The items of the FCV-19S were constructed based on extensive review of existing scales on fears, expert evaluations, and participant interviews. Several psychometric tests were conducted to ascertain its reliability and validity properties.Results: After panel review and corrected item-total correlation testing, seven items with acceptable corrected item-total correlation (0.47 to 0.56) were retained and further confirmed by significant and strong factor loadings (0.66 to 0.74). Also, other properties evaluated using both classical test theory and Rasch model were satisfactory on the seven-item scale. More specifically, reliability values such as internal consistency (α =.82) and test–retest reliability (ICC =.72) were acceptable. Concurrent validity was supported by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (with depression, r = 0.425 and anxiety, r = 0.511) and the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale (with perceived infectability, r = 0.483 and germ aversion, r = 0.459).Conclusion: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, a seven-item scale, has robust psychometric properties. It is reliable and valid in assessing fear of COVID-19 among the general population and will also be useful in allaying COVID-19 fears among individuals.
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| 4. |
- Akbari, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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The Persian Exercise Addiction Inventory—Adult and Youth Versions : Psychometric Properties Based on Rasch Analysis Among Iranians
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21, s. 3376-3392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercise addiction is a morbid-compulsive behavioral pattern characterized by a loss of control over exercise and which results in major detrimental consequences in the affected individual’s life. Although the condition is not formally recognized in official psychiatric texts, exercise addiction can lead to clinical impairment of everyday activities just like other more traditional addictions. This has led to the development of many instruments to assess exercise addiction. One of the most widely used instruments is the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) which has been translated into a number of languages and has separate versions of the scale for adults and adolescents (i.e., the EAI-Y for youth). However, there are currently no Persian versions. Therefore, the present study translated the EAI into Persian and assessed its psychometric properties using Rasch analysis among both Iranian adults (n = 745, age range = 19–30 years, 60.53% female) and Iranian adolescents (n = 562, age range = 13–18 years, 62.45% female). An online survey was used to collect data from September to November 2021. Confirmatory factor analyses and the Rasch analyses confirmed the unidimensional structure of the EAIs and good reliability using the Omega coefficient (.71 to.72). Also, separation reliability on item, scale, and person-level was established, along with supported measurement invariance, demonstrating that EAI can discriminate individuals on a high or low level of exercise addiction independent of their age and gender. Overall, the Persian EAI demonstrated sound psychometrics in screening for exercise addiction among Iranian adults and adolescents.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Kristina, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Can a History of Childhood Trauma Impact the Effectiveness of Treatment in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders? A 2.5- and 5-Year Follow-up
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experienced childhood trauma (CT) is prevalent in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Few studies examine how experienced CT affects alcohol-treatment outcome. This study accordingly investigates whether experienced CT independently affects treatment outcome 2.5- and 5-years post-treatment, controlling for other significant variables, such as self-efficacy, self-directedness, and mental health. Participants (n = 349) with AUDs (without severe psychiatric comorbidity or drug dependence) were recruited from three alcohol-treatment settings and followed up 2.5- and 5 years after treatment initiation. The group with experienced CT had more mental health problems, less self-efficacy, and less self-directedness. Multiple and logistic regressions were conducted using the outcome variables total number of DSM-IV criteria and abstinence. The results indicated that CT did not independently affect treatment outcome. Individuals with AUDs and experienced CT benefitted the same from alcohol treatment as those without such experience; however, studies should also examine groups with AUD and psychiatric comorbidity.
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| 6. |
- Berman, Anne H., et al.
(författare)
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Counselor and Drug Detox Inpatient Verbal Behaviors in a Single Session of Motivational Interviewing and Subsequent Substance Use-Related Patient Outcomes
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 17:1, s. 73-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effects of counselor and client verbal behaviors, in a single motivational interviewing (MI) session during inpatient detoxification, were evaluated in relation to 17 study participants' self-reported drug use 3 months later. Also, counselor-to-client transitions in the single MI session were explored for 24 participants, using the Motivational Interviewing Sequential Code for Observing Process Exchanges (MI-SCOPE) coding instrument. Surprisingly, counselor neutral/double-sided reflections predicted lower levels of drug use (r = -0.42), higher treatment interest (r = 0.40), and self-efficacy for abstaining from drug use when experiencing positive feelings (r=0.48) and negative feelings or craving (r = 0.40). Client change talk predicted motivation to change (r = 0.42) and perceptions of negative aspects of drug use (r = 0.44), while higher levels of client sustain talk predicted lower levels of drug use (r = -0.45) and lower interest in treatment (r = -0.68). The counselor-client transition analysis showed an odds ratio (OR) of 13.84 (95% CI 9.75; 19.66) for client change talk in response to counselor reflections on change talk (RCT), and an OR of 55.98 (95% CI 26.53; 118.12) for client sustain talk in response to counselor reflections on sustain talk (RST). Future research should increase sample size and extend follow-up.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Binde, Per, 1956
(författare)
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A mutual support group for young problem gamblers
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 10:4, s. 524-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Swedish mutual support group for young problem gamblers is described and discussed. During the study period, 116 weekly meetings occurred, usually involving six to ten participants; in total, 69 problem gamblers (66 male and three female), aged 17–25, and 23 partners and friends attended the meetings. Half the gamblers had problems with Internet poker, one fifth with electronic gambling machines, and the rest with other forms of gambling and computer gaming. Nearly half the problem gamblers participated in under five mutual support meetings, while just over a third attended ten or more meetings. Gambling problems ceased or lessened among most participants in ten or more meetings. In some cases, attending just one or a few meetings had a positive impact on the problems. This mutual support group provides relatively effective help to adolescents and young adults with gambling problems, offering a valuable alternative and complement to professional treatment.
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| 9. |
- Binde, Per, 1956
(författare)
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A Swedish mutual support society of problem gamblers
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 10:4, s. 512-523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutual support societies for problem gamblers have existed in Sweden for 20 years. They have helped more people with gambling problems than any other institution inside or outside the Swedish health care system. This paper outlines the background of these societies and describes the meetings of one of them. Data come from interviews with members of a local society and participation in mutual support meetings. It is argued that these mutual support societies provide help in a variety of ways and in all phases of recovery from gambling problems. In particular, they help people form personal narratives about the origin, progression, and resolution of their problems, narratives that give insight and guide recovery. These mutual support societies are valuable complements and alternatives to professional treatment.
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| 10. |
- Binde, Per, 1956
(författare)
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Exploring the impact of gambling advertising: An interview study of problem gamblers
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 7:4, s. 541-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study qualitatively explored the impact of gambling advertising on problem gambling by interviewing twenty-five people with current or past gambling problems. Interviews were relatively long and involved the participants’ viewing numerous examples of gambling advertising. A quarter of the participants reported that gambling advertising had no impact on their problems, slightly over half of them reported that advertising had a marginal impact, and one fifth reported a tangible impact. However, none considered advertising to be a main cause of their gambling problems. The negative self-perceived impact was primarily that advertising triggered impulses to gamble. Advertising thus increased already high involvement in gambling and/or made it harder to stick to a decision to gamble less or not at all.
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| 11. |
- Chang, K. -C, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Testing of Three COVID-19-Related Scales Among People with Mental Illness
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 324-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) may result in psychological health problems among different populations. Moreover, believing COVID-19 information and preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors are relevant constructs associated with fear of COVID-19. Therefore, the present study validated three instruments assessing fear, beliefs, and preventive behaviors related to COVID-19 among individuals with mental illness. Moreover, relationships between the three constructs were examined. Individuals with mental illness (N = 400; 178 females; mean age = 46.91 years) completed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Believing COVID-19 Information Scale (BCIS), Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale (PCIBS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The FCV-19S, BCIS, and PCIBS demonstrated a single-factor structure with satisfactory fit indices. Moreover, believing COVID-19 information positively and significantly associated with fear of COVID-19, and fear of COVID-19 negatively and significantly associated with preventive behaviors and positively and significantly associated with psychological distress. The FCV-19S, BCIS, and PCIBS may assist healthcare providers in assessing COVID-19-related information among individuals with mental illness. Consequently, relevant programs may be designed to help individuals with mental illness going through the period of crisis.
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| 12. |
- Cruce, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Recovery-promoting Care as Experienced by Persons with Severe Mental Illness and Substance Misuse
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 10:5, s. 660-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores recovery-promoting care as experienced by persons with concomitant severe mental illness and substance misuse. Sixteen in-depth interviews, based on an interview guide concerning their experiences of health, life situation and care, were held with eight participants in an outpatient treatment programme. The analysis aimed to identify themes reflecting the diversity and complexity of the phenomenon recovery-promoting care. Six themes emerged: "entirety", "participation and reciprocal relations", "stability", "symptom control", "mindfulness", and "dignity and autonomy". The participants reported that care conveying experiences of meaningfulness and providing empowerment increased their motivation and their capacity to take an active part in the recovery process. The findings of the study underscore the importance of incorporating the patients' perspectives on what promotes recovery when offering mental health services.
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| 13. |
- Dauber, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Co-occurring Mental Disorders in Substance Abuse Treatment : the Current Health Care Situation in Germany
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 16:1, s. 66-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim of this study was to investigate the current health care situation for patients with co-occurring mental disorders in addiction treatment. Therefore, data from the German Substance Abuse Treatment System (N = 194,406) was analysed with regard to the prevalence of comorbid mental disorders, treatment characteristics and outcomes of patients with comorbid psychiatric diagnosis. In outpatient setting, the prevalence of comorbid diagnoses was considerably lower (4.6%) than in inpatient setting (50.7%), but mood and anxiety disorders were the most prevalent additional diagnoses in both settings. In the treatment of patients with these comorbid disorders, we found higher rates of complementary internal and external (psychiatric) treatment, more co-operations and referrals after treatment, and positive treatment process outcomes. Findings indicate that the knowledge of an additional diagnosis influences the health care provision of affected patients and can therefore be seen as the essential precondition for providing adequate and comprehensive treatment. This highlights the importance of a sufficient consideration and diagnostic assessment of mental disorders in addiction treatment to further improve the health care situation of comorbid patients.
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| 14. |
- Granero, Roser, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotype of Gambling Disorder Patients with Lotteries as a Preferred Form of Gambling
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21, s. 3306-3329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lottery gambling can become an addictive behavior which can significantly interfere with daily functioning. The objectives of this work were to estimate the prevalence of lottery gambling, to assess the profile related to this gambling type in a large clinical sample of patients who met criteria for gambling disorder (GD), and to compare this profile with the other two non-strategic forms of gambling (slot-machines and bingo). Sample included n = 3,531 patients consecutively attended for treatment-seeking due to gambling-related problems. All the participants met criteria for GD and were into the range of 18 to 85 years old. Sociodemographic variables, GD severity, psychopathological state, and personality traits were assessed. Statistical comparisons between the groups defined by the patients’ gambling preference (lotteries versus other gambling activities) were conducted, with chi-square test and analysis of variance. The prevalence of lotteries as the only gambling activity was 2.5%, 8.9% for lottery gambling as primary activity with other secondary gambling types, and 20.6% for lotteries as primary or secondary gambling activity. Lottery gambling and bingo gambling were more prevalent among women (bingo included the highest percentage of women). Compared to slot machine gambling, lotteries and bingo grouped older patients and those with later age of onset of the gambling-related problems. Bingo gambling showed the highest psychological distress and the most dysfunctional personality traits. This study shows the high frequency of lottery gambling among treatment-seeking for GD patients, and it provides empirical evidence about the profile associated with this gambling activity compared to other non-strategic gambling forms. The likelihood of lottery gambling is higher for women, patients married or living with a stable partner, and those within higher social position indexes.
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| 15. |
- Grossi, G, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol Use among Swedish Patients with Stress-Induced Exhaustion Disorder, and Its Relation to Anxiety, Depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life
- 2022
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20:4, s. 2180-2193
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Harmful drinking may be a cause and an effect of psychological distress, and compromises the effects of treatment for psychiatric conditions. There is a paucity of studies investigating patterns of alcohol consumption among patients with stress-induced exhaustion disorder (SED). The aims of this investigation were (1) to assess the prevalence of self-rated hazardous drinking in a sample of 808 Swedish patients with SED (mean age 43 ± 9 years, 84% women), and (2) to investigate differences in sociodemographic variables, psychological symptoms, health-related quality of life, and sleep variables between patients with different drinking patterns The design was cross-sectional and data were collected with questionnaires at pre-treatment. Twelve percent of female and 13% of male patients reported Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores indicating hazardous drinking. Female patients with hazardous drinking reported higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower mental wellbeing, than other women. Female patients reporting no drinking reported poorer physical function and more pain, than other women. No differences were seen between male patients with different drinking patterns. Although patients with SED report a lower frequency of harmful drinking than other psychiatric samples, alcohol consumption needs to be addressed in the assessment and treatment of this condition.
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| 16. |
- Huang, Y. -T, et al.
(författare)
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Specific Internet Disorders in University Students in Taiwan and Hong Kong : Psychometric Properties with Invariance Testing for the Traditional Chinese Version of the Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-Use Disorders (ACSID-11)
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorder (ACSID-11) is a psychometric instrument assessing different types of problematic internet use. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version and evaluate whether the traditional Chinese version showed similar and robust psychometric evidence to that of original ACSID-11 using a German sample. The present study was longitudinal and comprised 1257 university students in the first study and 409 university students in the follow-up study. Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω were used for testing internal consistency of the ACSID-11. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine construct validity. Multi-group CFA was performed to assess the invariance of the factor structure across region and sex. Moreover, Pearson correlations were conducted to examine the test–retest reliability and concurrent validity of ACSID-11. The results suggested satisfactory levels of test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the ACSID-11. The four-factor structure of the ACSID-11 was replicated and confirmed in both Taiwan and Hong Kong samples. The study findings demonstrated that the traditional Chinese version of the ACSID-11 is reliable and valid for assessing and distinguishing specific internet-use disorders and is applicable across regions and sexes among emerging adults in Taiwan and Hong Kong.
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| 17. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Problem Gambling and Problem Gaming in Elite Athletes : a Literature Review.
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21, s. 1837-1853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers have raised concerns about mental health in elite athletes, including problem gambling, where research hitherto is scarce. While gambling has been assessed in the younger student-athlete population, neither gambling nor the recently recognized behavioral addiction of gaming disorder has been sufficiently addressed in the elite athlete population. The present systematic literature review aimed to summarize research knowledge on the prevalence and correlates of problem gambling and problem gaming in elite athletes. Research papers were searched systematically using the Scopus, PsycINFO, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases and evaluated following a PRISMA paradigm. For the elite athlete population, eight reports on problem gambling and one report on problem gaming were found. While at least five papers indicated an increased risk of problem gambling in elite athletes compared to the general population, one study from Australia indicated the opposite. Problem gambling was generally more common in male athletes. Knowledge of problem gaming prevalence is thus far limited. It is concluded that increased research in problem gambling and problem gaming in elite athletes is warranted.
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| 18. |
- Iversen, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of the Norwegian Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 1446-1464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Fear of COVID19 Scale (FCV-19S), randomly selected individuals from a larger registry study were invited. We assessed the reliability and validity of the instrument in a sample of 1089 adults in Norway (response rate 73%). Internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s alpha (0.88) was acceptable. Omega alphaHierarchical (ωt = 0.69) was lower indicating that the general factor is less reliable, explaining 69% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the FCV-19S is not strictly unidimensional. Exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model (cognitive and somatic fear), which were highly correlated (r = 0.84). The Norwegian version of the FCV-19S showed an underlying two-factor structure. However, the high correlation means the two latent factors (cognitive and somatic fear) act as indicators for a second order general factor and support use of the FCV-19S sum score. The FCV-19S appears to be a valid instrument to assess fear of COVID-19 with good psychometric properties.
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| 19. |
- Kostenius, Catrine, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Mental Health in School—Young People from Scotland and Sweden Sharing Their Perspectives
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 18:6, s. 1521-1535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rate of mental ill health has increased among children and youth during the past decade in Scotland and Sweden. School is important in influencing both health and education. The starting point for health promotion in school involves those who are affected, the students. The aim of this study was to describe and understand how mental health can be promoted in school from the perspective of young people. A total of 14 Scottish and Swedish young people aged 15–21, 11 girls and 3 boys from 3 municipalities, participated in 4 focus groups. The phenomenological analysis resulted in one main theme: Everyone is being there for each other encompassing three themes without any relative order of precedence: being in a safe, inclusive, and well-informed space; meeting adults who are available, listening, and taking action; and feeling significant and being of significance to others. Based on these findings, we suggest the following aspects to be essential when aiming to promote mental health in schools: (1) value and appreciate young people’s experiences, (2) view everyone in school regardless of age or profession to be an important piece in the mental health promotion puzzle by adopting a “whole school approach,” (3) foster a listening culture that focuses on building enabling relationships, (4) promote health and learning simultaneously to increase health literacy, (5) educate about mental health to minimize stigma and increase confidence in taking appropriate action.
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| 20. |
- Kronenberg, Linda M., et al.
(författare)
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Burden and Expressed Emotion of Caregivers in Cases of Adult Substance Use Disorder with and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or Autism Spectrum Disorder
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 14:1, s. 49-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To identify and compare caregiver burden and expressed emotion (EE) in adult substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without co-occurring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To examine possible differences in correlations between caregiver burden and EE across patient groups. Design and Methods Cross-sectional study with measures of perceived burden (Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire: IEQ), subjective stress (General Health Questionnaire: GHQ) and perceptions of expressed emotion (Level of Expressed Emotion: LEE) in informal caregivers for patients with SUD, SUD+ADHD or SUD+ASD. Findings No differences in caregiver burden or expressed emotion when caregivers for patients with SUD were compared to caregivers for patients with SUD+ADHD. A moderate but non-significant difference for caregivers of patients with SUD versus SUD+ASD, which disappeared when the number of contact hours between patient and caregiver for the SUD only group was controlled for. The IEQ sum scores also substantially correlated with the LEE sum scores. Conclusion Informal caregivers for patients with only SUD show higher levels of burden and EE than informal caregivers for patients with SUD and a co-occurring ASD. This difference was largely explained by the higher number of contact hours between patient and caregiver in the SUD only group.
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| 21. |
- Lecuona, O., et al.
(författare)
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A Network Analysis of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) : An Intercontinental Large-Scale Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aimed to use a novel method (i.e., network analysis) to examine if the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) has its unidimensional structure supported across different subgroups, including gender groups, continent groups, and age groups. Participants from five continents (n = 545 in Africa; n = 27,910 in Americas; n = 4640 in Asia; n = 88,835 in Europe; and n = 1633 in Oceania) completed the IGDS9-SF. The IGDS9-SF items showed a positively correlated network with moderate-to-high predictability (mean of R2 = 0.338, SD = 0.068). Moreover, the network analysis results suggested that the IGDS9-SF is very likely to have a one-factor model. This one-factor model was further found to be invariant across gender groups (men vs. women), continent groups (Africa, Americas, Asian, Europe, and Oceania), and age groups (minor aged under 18 years, young adults aged between 18 and 30 years, and adults aged 30 years or above).
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| 22. |
- Li, L., et al.
(författare)
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Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) Across China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Iran : Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Measurement Invariance, and Network Analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The popularity and advancement of smartphones generate a new phenomenon of smartphone addiction. To promote early identification of individuals at risk of smartphone addiction, healthcare providers could assess if an individual has nomophobia (i.e., anxiety and worry of having no smartphone at hand). The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) across four countries: China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Iran. Via cross-sectional design and convenience sampling, 7871 participants (5969 Chinese, 534 Bangladeshi, 666 Pakistani, and 702 Iranian) completed the NMP-Q. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and network analysis were used to examine the psychometric properties of the NMP-Q across the four countries. CFA identified a four-factor structure (Tucker-Lewis index = 0.934, comparative fit index = 0.943, standardized root mean square residual = 0.037, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.079) for the NMP-Q, and the four-factor structure was measurement invariant across genders and countries. Network analysis results supported the CFA findings via visualized correlations among the NMP-Q items. The four-factor structure of the NMP-Q was consistently found in the four countries of China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Iran, indicating that the NMP-Q includes four specific domains. Measurement invariance suggests the NMP-Q may effectively assess nomophobia across genders and countries.
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| 23. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Selfitis Behavior Scale Across Two Persian-Speaking Countries, Iran and Afghanistan : Advanced Psychometric Testing in a Large-Scale Sample
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 18:1, s. 222-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selfitis—which started off as a hoax but has now been investigated empirically—has been defined as the obsessive–compulsive desire to take photos of oneself and post them on social media. Furthermore, a scale to assess selfitis, the Selfitis Behavior Scale (SBS), has been developed. This study applied advanced psychometric testing methods, including confirmatory factor analysis (utilizing classical test theory) and the Rasch model (utilizing modern test theory), to examine the psychometric properties among Persian speakers (in Iran and Afghanistan). The participants (3163 Iranians and 1100 Afghanistani) completed an online survey posted on Instagram pages. The SBS showed promising properties, including satisfactory reliability (e.g., internal consistency and test–retest reliability), excellent construct validity (e.g., good fit in the CFA and Rasch models), and acceptable measurement invariance across Iranian and Afghan samples. Consequently, the SBS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing selfitis among Persian-speaking samples.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of the Persian Generalized Trust Scale : Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Rasch Models and Relationship with Quality of Life, Happiness, and Depression
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 19, s. 1854-1865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The psychometric properties of the Generalized Trust Scale (GTS) are well established. Furthermore, previous studies have found that the GTS is positively associated with better mental health and lower distress, and the literature finds that trust is good for mental health. However, current literature does not have any psychometric evidence concerning the Persian GTS. This study translated the GTS into Persian and validated its psychometric properties. After translating the GTS into Persian using robust and standardized translation procedure, 1200 Iranians (mean age = 34.83 years; 583 [48.6%] males) completed the GTS, along with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Short Form-12 (SF-12), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form (OHQ-SF). The factor structure of Persian GTS was confirmed by a unidimensional model with a method factor (comparative fit index = 0.998; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.992). The unidimensional model was also supported by Rasch analysis (mean square = 0.75 to 1.31). Other properties of the Persian GTS were satisfactory. More specifically, test-retest reliability was good (intraclass correlational coefficient = 0.865), internal consistency was good (alpha = 0.881), and concurrent validity was supported (standardized beta = - 0.086 with depression in the HADS [p = 0.045]; = - 0.162 with anxiety in the HADS [p < 0.001]; = 0.077 with mental component score in the SF-12 [p = 0.044]; = 0.624 with OHQ-SF [p < 0.001]). The six-item Persian GTS has promising psychometric properties and can be an effective measure to assess trust among Iranians.
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| 26. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Smartphone application-based addiction among Iranian adolescents : A psychometric study
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 17:4, s. 765-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) can be used in screening for the risk of smartphone addiction. This study aimed to validate a Persian version of the SABAS using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Rasch analysis, and latent class analysis (LCA). In a sample of 3807 Iranian adolescents, CFAs were used to confirm the factor structure of SABAS, Rasch models were used to examine the unidimensionality of SABAS, and LCAs were used to classify the adolescents in terms of application preferences and smartphone application-based addiction. The unidimensional structure of SABAS was supported by CFA and Rasch model. LCA classified the sample into three subgroups (i.e., low, medium, high) in terms of risk of smartphone addiction. This study showed the unidimensionality of the Persian SABAS with robust psychometric properties. It can be used by healthcare providers in screening for risk of addiction to smartphone applications and provide early intervention if necessary.
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| 27. |
- Nordin, Conny, et al.
(författare)
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Increased CSF homocysteine in pathological gamblers compared with healthy controls
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 7:1, s. 168-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurocognitive disturbances suggesting a frontal lobe dysfunction have been observed in pathological gamblers and alcohol dependents. Given that a high homocysteine level has been suggested to be a mediating factor in alcohol-related cognitive decline, we have determined homocysteine and cobalamine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from 11 pathological male gamblers and 11 healthy male controls. Compared with healthy controls, pathological gamblers displayed higher CSF levels of homocysteine while the opposite was the case with CSF cobalamine. Smoking decreased the levels of homocysteine while the concentrations of cobalamine were increased. Homocysteine is a sulphur-containing amino acid exerting cytotoxic effects in living cells. The metabolism of homocysteine to methionine is mediated by cobalamine and folate. Human studies suggest that homocysteine plays a role in brain damage and cognitive and memory decline. The relationship between pathological gambling, homocysteine, cobalamine, folate (not determined in the study) and cognitive processing warrants further investigation.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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The YouTube Addiction Scale : Psychometric Evidence for a New Instrument Developed Based on the Component Model of Addiction
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technological advances have created the environment for Internet addiction (IA). A specific form of IA is social media addiction. Moreover, social media addiction may be further classified into general or specific social media addiction, with YouTube addiction among the latter because YouTube is viewed as a video streaming application. The present study aimed to design an instrument assessing YouTube addiction (named as the YouTube Addiction Scale, YAS) for psychometric testing. Guided by the component model of addiction, the YAS included six items corresponding to salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse. Through an online survey, the first sample (N = 530; 50.6% female) completed the YAS together with other measures assessing general social media addiction, psychological distress, and demographic information. Afterward, a second sample (N = 512; 45.5% female) completed the YAS in another period of time. The YAS was found to be unidimensional with strong factor loadings in both exploratory factor analysis (the first sample) and confirmatory factor analysis (the second sample). Internal consistency of the YAS was acceptable for both samples. Using the first sample's data, Rasch models suggested that the six items in the YAS all fit well in the embedded construct of YouTube addiction. No differential item functioning was displayed for all YAS items across age, gender, and weekly time spent using YouTube. Network analysis results showed that the YAS items grouped together and had a clear distance from all items assessing general social media addiction. In addition, participants with higher levels of YouTube addiction had significantly greater general social media addiction, psychological distress, and time spent on YouTube. The YAS has promising psychometric properties for healthcare providers and researchers to assess individuals' YouTube addiction levels. Future studies should examine the extent to which with the use of YAS, healthcare providers may monitor the severity of individuals' YouTube addiction and provide early intervention, if needed.
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| 30. |
- Poorebrahim, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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A Prospective Study Examining the Relationship Between Dispositional Mindfulness and Insomnia Among Male Prisoners in Iran : The Mediating Effect of Psychological Distress and Perceived Stress
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 19-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given the high stress and unfriendly environment caused by imprisonment, prisoners are at risk of developing insomnia. It is important to understand potential intervention (in this case, mindfulness) in improving insomnia for this population. The present study investigated whether dispositional mindfulness can be beneficial in helping relieve insomnia among Iranian prisoners. It also investigated whether psychological distress and perceived stress are potential mediators. Male prisoners (N = 208) aged 39.08 years (SD = 7.85) completed questionnaires and reported their demographic information and mindfulness (at baseline); psychological distress and sleep quality (at 1 month after baseline assessment); sleep quality and insomnia (at 3 months after baseline assessment). The mediation models using 10,000 bootstrapping resamples showed that sleep quality and insomnia significantly improved when mindfulness increased. Moreover, psychological distress and stress partially mediated the aforementioned association between dispositional mindfulness and sleep quality/insomnia. Using mindfulness to improve sleep quality/insomnia may be a promising psychological intervention for prisoners.
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| 31. |
- Sakib, Najmuj, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Validation of the Bangla Fear of COVID-19 Scale : Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Rasch Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20:5, s. 2623-2634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recently developed Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) is a seven-item uni-dimensional scale that assesses the severity of fears of COVID-19. Given the rapid increase of COVID-19 cases in Bangladesh, we aimed to translate and validate the FCV-19S in Bangla. The forward-backward translation method was used to translate the English version of the questionnaire into Bangla. The reliability and validity properties of the Bangla FCV-19S were rigorously psychometrically evaluated (utilizing both confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis) in relation to socio-demographic variables, national lockdown variables, and response to the Bangla Health Patient Questionnaire. The sample comprised 8550 Bangladeshi participants. The Cronbach α value for the Bangla FCV-19S was 0.871 indicating very good internal reliability. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the uni-dimensional factor structure of the FCV-19S fitted well with the data. The FCV-19S was significantly correlated with the nine-item Bangla Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-90) (r = 0.406, p < 0.001). FCV-19S scores were significantly associated with higher worries concerning lockdown. Measurement invariance of the FCV-19S showed no differences with respect to age or gender. The Bangla version of FCV-19S is a valid and reliable tool with robust psychometric properties which will be useful for researchers carrying out studies among the Bangla speaking population in assessing the psychological impact of fear from COVID-19 infection during this pandemic.
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| 32. |
- Shorter, G. W., et al.
(författare)
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Few Interventions Support the Affected Other on Their Own: a Systematic Review of Individual Level Psychosocial Interventions to Support Those Harmed by Others Alcohol Use
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : SPRINGER. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over 100 million individuals worldwide experience negative outcomes as a function of a family member or loved ones substance use. Other reviews have summarized evidence on interventions; however, success often depends on the behavior of the individual causing harm, and they may not be ready or able to change. The aim of this study was to identify and describe evaluations of psychosocial interventions which can support those affected by alcohol harm to others independent of their drinking relative or friend. A systematic review/narrative synthesis of articles from 11 databases pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021203204) was conducted. Those experiencing the harm were spouses/partners or adult children/students who have parents with alcohol problems. Studies (n = 7) were from the UK, the USA, Korea, Sweden, Mexico, and India. Most participants were female (71-100%). Interventions varied from guided imagery, cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and anger management. Independent interventions may support those affected by anothers alcohol use, although there was considerable variation in outcomes targeted by the intervention design. Small-scale studies suggest psychosocial interventions ease suffering from alcohols harm to others, independent of the drinking family member. Understanding affected others experience and need is important given the impact of alcohols harm to others; however, there is a lack of quality evidence and theoretical underpinning informing strategies to support these individuals.
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| 33. |
- Topor, Alain, et al.
(författare)
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Micro-affirmations and Recovery for Persons with Mental Health and Alcohol and Drug Problems : User and Professional Experience-Based Practice and Knowledge
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 9:2, s. 374-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recurrent factors contributing to a recovery process from co-occurring mental health and addiction problems mentioned by users and professionals have been analyzed as part of working alliances and helpful relationships. Still, we lack knowledge about how helpful relationships are developed in daily practice. In this article, we focus on the concrete construction of professional helpful relationships. Forty persons in recovery and fifteen professionals were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed according to thematic analysis, resulting in three themes presented as paradoxes (1) My own decision, but with the help of others; (2) The need for structures and going beyond them; and (3) Small trivial things of great importance. Micro-affirmations have a central role in creating helpful relationships by confirming the individuals involved as more than solely users or professionals. More attention and appreciation should be paid to practices involving micro-affirmations.
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| 34. |
- Ullah, Irfan, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 Fear Among Pakistanis : Psychometric Evaluation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale Using Item Response Theory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21, s. 1240-1255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) assesses the fear of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has been translated and validated into over 20 languages. The present study conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analyses on the FCV-19S among a sample of 937 Pakistani adults (mean [SD] age of 25.83 [11.80] years; 537 [57.3%] females). The CFA and IRT confirmed the unidimensionality of the FCV-19S. The Likert-type scale used in the FCV-19S was supported by the proper threshold orderings. Additionally, no DIF contrast had an absolute value larger than 0.5 regarding the participants' characteristics of gender, age, living status, and education in the IRT findings. The FCV-19S was found to be valid and reliable with strong psychometric properties among the Pakistani adult population.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Widinghoff, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric Drug Prescription and Temporal Associations with a First Diagnosis of Gambling Disorder—Results from a National Register Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21:2, s. 993-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychiatric comorbidity is common in gambling disorder (GD), but there are few studies on larger nationwide samples of treatment-seeking patients. Also, temporal associations between GD and other psychiatric disorders are often difficult to study. To address the prevalence and the temporal associations of prescriptions for psychiatric disorders — both in specialized care and primary care — in patients with a GD diagnosis (ICD-10 F63.0). Data was derived from national health registers in Sweden. All patients who were diagnosed with GD in specialized health care in 2005–2016 were included and run against the nationwide database on prescription of pharmaceuticals aimed for psychiatric disorders (n = 2018). Prevalence of psychiatric drug prescription was used as a proxy for psychiatric comorbidity and studied for two 2-year periods (period 1 and 2) prior to GD and one 2-year period (period 3) after the diagnosis. Controlling for gender, age, and time periods, for eight drug categories (anti- epileptics, anti-psychotics, benzodiazepine derivatives, anxiolytics, hypnotics, anti- depressants and drugs used in addictive disorders), significant increases in drug prescription were seen. For central stimulants, a significant increase was seen upon receiving the GD diagnosis (from period 2 to 3), and for benzodiazepines, an increase was seen prior to the GD diagnosis (from period 1 to 2), but not upon diagnosis (from period 2 to 3). Psychiatric comorbidity in GD is common. Drug prescription for psychiatric problems increased markedly in the years temporarily associated with a first diagnosis of GD. The findings may call for early screening for problem gambling in patients with treatment contacts for increasingly poor mental health.
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| 38. |
- Winter, Taylor, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the English Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and Its Relationship with Behavior Change and Political Beliefs
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 21, s. 372-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has many individuals around the world fearing for their lives. The constant news coverage, rapid transmission, and relatively high mortality rate, make fearfulness a natural response. To assess the fear of COVID-19, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was developed. The primary aim of the present study was to conduct the first psychometric assessment and validation of the English version of the FCV-19S. Two samples were collected in New Zealand. Sample 1 comprised 1624 participants of which 1397 completed all questions and were used in the analyses. Sample 2 comprised 1111 participants of which 1023 completed all questions and were used in the analyses. Several psychometric tests were conducted to ascertain the scale’s reliability and validity. Across both samples, the FCV-19S had high internal consistency. Consistent with the earlier validation studies, the FCV-19S displayed a moderately strong relationship with the perceived infectability and germ aversion subscales of the perceived vulnerability to disease scale (PVDS). Furthermore, FCV-19S scores were negatively correlated with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) scores. With respect to the motivating role of fear, there was a significant relationship between FCV-19S scores and adherence to the lockdown rules that were implemented in New Zealand. Finally, consistent with recent reports on the politicization of the COVID-19 pandemic, an exploratory question found that participants who rated themselves as more conservative tended to report lower FCV-19S scores. The English version of the COVID-19S is a sound unidimensional scale with robust psychometric properties and can be used with confidence among English-speaking populations.
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| 39. |
- Kotera, Yasuhiro, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural insights from two global mental health studies: self-enhancement and ingroup biases
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This commentary highlights two cross-cultural issues identified from our global mental health (GMH) research, RECOLLECT (Recovery Colleges Characterisation and Testing) 2: self-enhancement and ingroup biases. Self-enhancement is a tendency to maintain and express unrealistically positive self-views. Ingroup biases are differences in one’s evaluation of others belonging to the same social group. These biases are discussed in the context of GMH research using self-report measures across cultures. GMH, a field evolving since its Lancet series introduction in 2007, aims to advance mental health equity and human rights. Despite a 16.5-fold increase in annual GMH studies from 2007 to 2016, cross-cultural understanding remains underdeveloped. We discuss the impact of individualism versus collectivism on self-enhancement and ingroup biases. GMH research using concepts, outcomes, and methods aligned with individualism may give advantages to people and services oriented to individualism. GMH research needs to address these biases arising from cross-cultural differences to achieve its aim.
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