| 1. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, et al.
(författare)
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Practitioner and Client Explanations for Disparities in Health Care Use Between Migrant and Non-migrant Groups in Sweden : A Qualitative Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 15:1, s. 188-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate variations in explanations given for disparities in health care use between migrant and nonmigrant groups, by clients and care providers in Sweden. Qualitative evidence collected during in-depth interviews with five ‘migrant’ health service clients and five physicians. The interview data generated three categories which were perceived by respondents to produce ethnic differences in health service use: ‘‘Communication issues’’, ‘‘Cultural differences in approaches to medical consultations’’ and ‘‘Effects of perceptions of inequalities in care quality and discrimination’’. Explanations for disparities in health care use in Sweden can be categorized into those reflecting social/structural conditions and the presence/absence of power and those using cultural/behavioural explanations. The negative perceptions of ‘migrant’ clients held by some Swedish physicians place the onus for addressing their poor health with the clients themselves and risks perpetuating their health disadvantage. The power disparity between doctors and ‘migrant’ patients encourages a sense of powerlessness and mistreatment among patients.
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| 2. |
- Albin, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Stroke Mortality in Finnish-Born Migrants Living in Sweden 1970-1999 and in Swedish-Born Individuals
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 16:1, s. 18-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A limited number of studies have been found on stroke mortality in migrants showing higher mortality for some groups. Influence of time of residence has been studied by one research group. An earlier study showed a significantly higher number of deaths in Diseases of the circulatory system in Finnish migrants compared with native Swedes. To test the hypothesis of a higher mortality in and a decrease in mortality over time in stroke among Finnish migrants in Sweden. The study was based on National Population data, the study population included 321,407 Swedish and 307,174 foreign born persons living in Sweden 1987-1999. Mean age was lower at time for death for Finnish migrants than native Swedes, men 5.1 years difference and women 2.3 years. The difference decreased over time. The risk of death by stroke was higher for migrants with short time of residence than with long time (<= 10 years, OR 1.61-1.36 vs >= 11 year, OR 1.18). Migrants with short time of residence died 9.8-5.3 years earlier than native Swedes. The hypothesis was confirmed and an indication of adjustment to life in the new country was found. International studies show similar results for other migrant groups but further studies are needed to verify if the same pattern can be found in other migrants groups in Sweden and to generalise the findings.
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| 3. |
- Albin, Bjorn, et al.
(författare)
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Higher mortality and different pattern of causes of death among foreign-born compared to native Swedes 1970-1999
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 8:2, s. 101-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous Swedish longitudinal study of mortality among 723,948 foreign born and native-born Swedes, 1970-1999, increased mortality was found among foreign-born persons. This study describes and analyses the differences in mortality between 361,974 foreign-born persons and 361,974 native Swedes during the period 1970-1999, based on data from Statistics Sweden and the National Board of Health and Welfare. The mortality pattern showed dissimilarities; with a significantly higher number of deaths among foreign-born persons in six diagnose groups and a significantly lower mean age at time of death. A high number of deaths were found for migrants from Denmark in Neoplasm, for migrants from Finland and Poland in Diseases of the circulatory system and for migrants from Yugoslavia in Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions. There is a tendency to a more similar pattern between foreign- and Swedish-born persons over time. Migration may be a risk factor for health, and therefore seems to be an important factor to consider when studying morbidity and health and when planning preventive work.
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| 4. |
- Arfken, Cynthia L, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol use among Arab Americans : what is the prevalence?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 13:4, s. 713-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information is limited on alcohol use among Arab Americans. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans by reviewing existing surveys using an acculturation model. Secondary data analysis. Nationally, English-speaking immigrant Arab Americans reported lower rates of lifetime alcohol use (50.8%), past month use (26.4%) and binge drinking (10%) than the White majority group. In a state survey, self-identified English-speaking Arab Americans were less likely to report past month use (45.6%) than the White majority group but reported similar rate of binge drinking (17.0%). Locally, lifetime drinking was reported by 46.2% of the immigrants but only 13.4% of refugees fleeing war. Few databases are available to estimate alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans; the limited data suggest a drinking pattern consistent with acculturation. However, the potential influence of other factors is unknown and needs to be investigated.
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| 5. |
- Arnetz, Bengt B, et al.
(författare)
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Specific Trauma Subtypes Improve the Predictive Validity of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire in Iraqi Refugees
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 16:6, s. 1055-1061
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trauma exposure contributes to poor mental health among refugees, and exposure often is measured using a cumulative index of items from the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Few studies, however, have asked whether trauma subtypes derived from the HTQ could be superior to this cumulative index in predicting mental health outcomes. A community sample of recently arrived Iraqi refugees (N = 298) completed the HTQ and measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms. Principal components analysis of HTQ items revealed a 5-component subtype model of trauma that accounted for more item variance than a 1-component solution. These trauma subtypes also accounted for more variance in PTSD and depression symptoms (12 and 10 %, respectively) than did the cumulative trauma index (7 and 3 %, respectively). Trauma subtypes provided more information than cumulative trauma in the prediction of negative mental health outcomes. Therefore, use of these subtypes may enhance the utility of the HTQ when assessing at-risk populations.
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| 6. |
- Bakken, Kjersti S., et al.
(författare)
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Obstetric Outcomes of First- and Second-Generation Pakistani Immigrants: A Comparison Study at a Low-Risk Maternity Ward in Norway
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 19, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. This population-based study compares obstetric outcomes of first- and second-generation Pakistani immigrants and ethnic Norwegians who gave birth at the low-risk maternity ward in Baerum Hospital in Norway from 2006 to 2013. We hypothesized that second-generation Pakistani immigrants are more similar to the ethnic Norwegians because of increased acculturation. Outcome measures were labor onset, epidural analgesia, labor dystocia, episiotomy, vaginal/operative delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, birth weight, transfer to a neonatal intensive care unit, and neonatal jaundice. Compared to first-generation Pakistani immigrants, the second-generation reported more health issues before pregnancy, and they had a higher proportion of preterm births compared to Norwegians. Newborns of first-generation immigrants were more often transferred to a neonatal intensive care compared to Norwegian newborns. Few intergenerational differences in the obstetric outcomes were found between the two generations. A high prevalence of consanguinity in second-generation immigrants suggests the maintenance of a traditional Pakistani marriage pattern.
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| 7. |
- Barkho, Evone, et al.
(författare)
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Intimate Partner Violence Among Iraqi Immigrant Women in Metro Detroit : A Pilot Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 13:4, s. 725-731
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Violence against women is an important public health problem. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among immigrant Iraqi women, and to explore the association between IPV and self-rated health. A pilot study using a previously published, self-report questionnaire was carried out among a convenience sampling of 55 Iraqi women in greater Detroit. The overall prevalence of controlling behavior, threatening behavior, and physical violence was 93, 76, and 80%, respectively. Approximately 40% of the women reported having poor or fair health, and 90% reported experiencing one or more types of psychosomatic symptoms. Self-rated health was inversely related to exposure to threatening behavior and physical violence, and positively related to knowledge of one's legal rights. The prevalence of IPV in this sample was high. Results indicated a significant association between exposure to IPV and women's physical health and psychosomatic symptoms.
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| 8. |
- Busetta, Annalisa, et al.
(författare)
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A Universal Health Care System? Unmet Need for Medical Care Among Regular and Irregular Immigrants in Italy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 20:2, s. 416-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Italy has a universal health care system that covers, in principle, the whole resident population, irrespective of citizenship and legal status. This study calculates the prevalence of unmet need for medical care among Italian citizens, regular and irregular immigrants and estimates logistic regression models to assess whether differences by citizenship and legal status hold true once adjusting for potential confounders. The analysis is based on two Surveys on Income and Living Conditions of Italian households and households with foreigners. Controlling for various factors, the odds of experiencing unmet need for medical care are 27% higher for regular immigrants than for Italian citizens and 59% higher for irregular immigrants. The gaps by citizenship and legal status are even more striking among those with chronic illnesses. These results reveal the high vulnerability of immigrants in Italy and the need to develop more effective policies to achieve health care access for all residents.
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| 9. |
- Chaparro, M. Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Parental Nativity and Length of Stay in the US on Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among WIC-Enrolled Preschool-Aged Children
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 17:2, s. 333-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to US culture is negatively associated with fruits and vegetables (F&V) intake. Our goal was to investigate how parent's nativity and length of stay in the US influences preschoolers' F&V intake. We analyzed survey data from 2,352 children, aged 36-60 months, who participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Los Angeles County. Using multiple linear regression, we examined children's F&V intake by parent's nativity and years in the US, adjusting for possible confounders. Children of foreign born parents who had lived in the US for < 10 years consumed fewer servings of vegetables than children of US born parents and of foreign born parents who had lived in the US for a parts per thousand yen10 years. Children of newer immigrant families may be at greater risk for consuming poor-quality diets. Research to identify determinants of poor diet quality among children of immigrant families may increase the effectiveness of WIC in addressing this population's nutritional needs.
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| 10. |
- Degni, Filio, et al.
(författare)
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Communication and Cultural Issues in Providing Reproductive Health Care to Immigrant Women : Health Care Providers' Experiences in Meeting Somali Women Living in Finland
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 14:2, s. 330-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communication problems due to language and cultural differences between health care professionals and patients are widely recognized. Finns are described as more silent whereas one concurrent large immigrant group, the Somalis, are described as more open in their communication. The aim of the study was to explore physicians-nurses/midwives' communication when providing reproductive and maternity health care to Somali women in Finland. Four individual and three focus group interviews were carried out with 10 gynecologists/obstetricians and 15 nurses/midwives from five selected clinics. The health care providers considered communication (including linguistic difficulties), cultural traditions, and religious beliefs to be problems when working with Somali women. Male and female physicians were generally more similar in communication style, interpersonal contacts, and cultural awareness than the nurses/midwives who were engaged in more partnership-building with the Somali women in the clinics. Despite the communication and cultural problems, there was a tentative mutual understanding between the Finnish reproductive health care professionals and the Somali women in the clinics.
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| 11. |
- Elsouhag, D., et al.
(författare)
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Factors Associated with Healthcare Utilization Among Arab Immigrants and Iraqi Refugees
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 17:5, s. 1305-1312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arab migrants-both immigrants and refugees-are exposed to pre- and post- migration stressors increasing their risk for health problems. Little is known, however, about rates of, or factors associated with, healthcare utilization among these two groups. A sample of 590 participants were interviewed approximately 1 year post-migration to the United States. Factors associated with healthcare utilization, including active and passive coping strategies, were examined using logistic regressions. Compared to national healthcare utilization data, immigrants had significantly lower, and refugees had significantly higher rates of healthcare utilization. Being a refugee, being married, and having health insurance were significantly associated with medical service utilization. Among refugees, less use of psychological services was associated with the use of medications and having problem-focused (active) strategies for dealing with stress. Healthcare utilization was significantly higher among refugees, who also reported a greater need for services than did immigrants.
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| 12. |
- Eltahir Mohammed, Salma Elmukashfi, et al.
(författare)
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The Cantril Ladder as a Measure of Well-Being and Life Satisfaction Among Refugee Youth Experiencing Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given the number of refugee youth whom require mental health support, there is a need to provide community-based interventions that can be easily scaled-up at a low cost. Yet, safety procedures associated with community-based intervention require careful consideration. The Cantril Ladder is a visual scale used to assess life satisfaction. It could be a useful tool to track the well-being of participants throughout an intervention. However, concerns have been raised about the validity of single-item life satisfaction measures and it is recommended they are tested when used in specific populations. This is particularly relevant to the refugee youth population who experience ongoing stress due to concern for family, friends, housing, and schooling and whose perceptions of life satisfaction may differ to the cohorts the Cantril Ladder has previously been tested with. The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of the Cantril Ladder as a measure of well-being and life satisfaction in refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms by exploring the relationship between how the youth scored on the Cantril Ladder with their scores on measures of depression and self-efficacy. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was applied to self-reported survey data in order to test how refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (n = 51) score on the Cantril Ladder compared with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE) scores. The mean Cantril Ladder score in the present sample was 5.33 (SD = 2.77). The PHQ-9 and GSE total scores together explained 19.1% of the variability in the Cantril Ladder score. The Cantril Ladder showed moderate concurrent validity with validated measures of depression and self-efficacy. These findings have important implications for intervention programs designed to support refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress, as the Cantril Ladder offers a promising way to track well-being throughout the program as part of a wider safety protocol procedure. Additional research is required to not only confirm these findings, but also to test the face validity of the Cantril Ladder for a more complete validation of life satisfaction.
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| 13. |
- Ersson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Tuberculosis Among Individuals Born in a High-Endemic Setting, Now Living in a Low-Endemic Setting
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 21:6, s. 1373-1379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Of all individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in Sweden 2015 were 90% born in other countries. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to avoid TB transmission. Lack of knowledge about TB and anticipated negative social consequences have proved to be significant contributing factors to delay in seeking health care. This study aimed to understand the perception of TB among people originating from a high-endemic region, currently living in a low-endemic region. A qualitative study design, with male and female participants from a high-endemic region divided into focus groups. A semi-structured interview guide was used to elicit their perceptions of TB. A qualitative content analysis was performed on the recorded material from the interviews. The informants noted that their attitude towards individuals with TB had changed, previously they had felt prejudiced towards them whereas now they felt supportive. It seems possible to diminish TB stigma by ensuring suitable health care is available in combination with correct information about transmission, infectiousness and treatment.
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| 14. |
- Hedemalm, Azar, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Reported adherence and social support among immigrants compared to native Swedes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 12:1, s. 124-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenges experienced by heart failure patients have seldom been studied from the perspective of immigrants. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare immigrant and native Swedish patients regarding changes in physical limitation, emotional state, social support and self-care. METHOD: A comparative study was conducted including 23 consecutively selected immigrants and 46 Swedish patients. Baseline and 4-month follow-up interviews were conducted using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, Short Form-36, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, MOS Social Support Survey, and European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale. RESULTS: A larger number of immigrants adhered to prescribed medications (P = 0.02) and significantly less (P = 0.048) felt having somebody to confide to compared to Swedish patients. However the distress level, frequency and severity of symptoms and signs, physical function, emotional state and self care were similar between the groups over time. CONCLUSION: Caregivers should be aware that immigrants may be in need of greater emotional support than has previously been anticipated.
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| 15. |
- Jamil, Hikmet, et al.
(författare)
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Risk Factors for Hookah Smoking Among Arabs and Chaldeans
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 16:3, s. 501-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hookah smoking is more prevalent among individuals of Middle Eastern descent. This study examined general and ethnic-specific risk factors for hookah smoking among Arabs and Chaldeans. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was conducted among 801 adults residing in Southeast Michigan. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to predict risk factors for hookah smoking. Hookah smoking was significantly more prevalent among Arabs (32 %) than Chaldeans (26 %, p < 0.01) and being Arab was a risk factor for lifetime hookah use. Younger age (<25 years), being male, higher annual income, and having health insurance were significant risk factors for hookah use. Chaldeans believed to a greater extent than Arabs that smoking hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking (75 vs. 52 %, p < 0.001). Hookah smoking is prevalent in both ethnic groups, but significantly higher among Arabs. Results indicate that prevention efforts should target younger males with higher incomes.
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| 16. |
- Jamil, H, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported asthma in Chaldeans, Arabs, and African Americans : factors associated with asthma
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 13:3, s. 568-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the prevalence of asthma is increasing worldwide, there are striking, and largely unexplained differences across various racial and ethnic groups. The current study looks at the prevalence of asthma and risk factors between Chaldeans, Arabs, and African Americans. We used Health Assessment Survey data representing 3,136 respondents. Prevalence across the three ethnic groups were compared using unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios, accounting for multiple risk factors. There were significant socio-demographic differences across all ethnic groups. Asthma prevalence was significantly lower in Arabs (9.4%) and Chaldeans (5.4%) than in Non-Middle Eastern Whites (14.4%). African American prevalence was 14.4%. The significantly lower prevalence of asthma among Chaldean and Arabs, as compared to African Americans, were not explained by traditional risk factors included in our models. We therefore, suggest that future studies should explore the possible role of ethnic-specific differences in gene × environmental interactions in the precipitation and/or exacerbation of asthma.
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| 17. |
- Jen, K. -L. Catherine, et al.
(författare)
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Pre- and Post-displacement Stressors and Body Weight Development in Iraqi Refugees in Michigan
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 17:5, s. 1468-1475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Refugees have typically experienced stress and trauma before entering the US. Stressors and mental health disorders may contribute to obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the body mass index (BMI) in Iraqi refugees settled in Michigan in relationship to pre- and post-migration stressors and mental health. Anthropometric and demographic data were collected from 290 Iraqi refugees immediately after they arrived in Michigan and one year after settlement. Significant increases were observed in BMI (+0.46 +/- A 0.09 kg/m(2), p < 0.0001) and the percentage of refugees suffering from hypertension (from 9.6 to 13.1 %, p < 0.05). Significant increases in stress, depression and acculturation, as well as decreases in post-migration trauma and social support, were also observed. Linear regression analyses failed to link stressors, well-being, and mental health to changes in BMI. It is likely that acculturation to a new lifestyle, including dietary patterns and physical activity levels, may have contributed to these changes.
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| 18. |
- Jen, K-L. Catherine, et al.
(författare)
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Sex Differences and Predictors of Changes in Body Weight and Noncommunicable Diseases in a Random, Newly-Arrived Group of Refugees Followed for Two Years
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 20:2, s. 283-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have reported that none of the psychological/mental variables examined predicted the increase in BMI and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Iraqi refugees after 1 year resettlement in Michigan. We continuously followed the same cohort of refugees for 2 years (Y2 FU) to further determine the gender difference in predicting of increased BMI and NCDs. Only 20% of the BMI variability could be accounted for by the factors examined. Number of dependent children and depression were positively and stress negatively associated with BMI in male refugees but not in females. Number of dependent children was negatively associated with changes in BMI and in males only. Two-third of the NCD variability was accounted for by gender, BMI, employment status, depression, posttraumatic stress disorders and coping skills. Unmarried, unemployed and with high PTSD scores at Y2 in males were positively and number of dependent children was negatively associated with NCD changes in females. Factors such as dietary patterns and lifestyle may have contributed to the increased BMI and NCDs in these refugees at 2 years post-settlement.
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| 19. |
- Juarez, Sol Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the 'Healthy Migrant Paradox' in Sweden. A Cross Sectional Study Focused on Perinatal Outcomes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 18:1, s. 42-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence shows that in some contexts immigrants have better health than natives in spite of coming from poorer socioeconomic contexts and of facing socioeconomic disadvantages in the host country. However, this is a country or origin- and outcome-specific phenomenon. This study compares different health outcomes derived from birthweight and gestational age among different migrant groups residing in Sweden. Cross-sectional study based on the Swedish Medical Birth Register for years 1987-1993. Multinomial regression models were performed to obtain crude and adjusted Odd Ratios and their 95 % Confidence Intervals. Overall, immigrants show a higher risk of LBW and preterm and a lower risk of macrosomia and post-term. Moreover, some groups performed worse than natives even in indicators at the two ends of the distribution. The healthy migrant paradox is also outcome-specific within different perinatal indicators and the selection explanation cannot fully account for this phenomenon.
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| 20. |
- Juárez, Sol P., et al.
(författare)
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Revisiting the Healthy Migrant Paradox in Perinatal Health Outcomes Through a Scoping Review in a Recent Host Country
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 19:1, s. 205-214
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ample evidence shows that, in many developed countries, immigrants have similar or better perinatal health outcomes than natives despite facing socioeconomic disadvantages in the host country (“healthy migrant paradox” –HMP). This scoping review aims to: (1) summarize the literature on perinatal health among immigrants and natives in Spain and (2) examine whether there is evidence of the HMP in a context of recent migration. A total of 25 articles published between 1998 and 2014 were reviewed. Overall, we found evidence of the HMP in low birthweight and to a lesser extent in preterm, though the patterns vary by origin, but not in macrosomia and post-term. The results are consistent across settings, levels of adjustment, and birth year. Policies should be oriented towards identifying the modifiable risk factors leading to a higher risk of macrosomia and post-term among immigrants.
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| 21. |
- Kim, Yunhwan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Mental Health Problems Among Adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011 : The Role of Immigrant Status and the Proportions of Immigrant Adolescents in Their Surrounding Community
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 22:2, s. 232-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared the mental health of native and immigrant adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011 and examined whether the municipality-level proportion of immigrant adolescents moderated the association between individual-level immigrant status and mental health. The sample (14,189 adolescents aged 15–16) was obtained from a repeated cross-sectional study conducted from 1995 to 2011. Adolescent self-report data (gender, immigrant status, economic situation, and mental health) and municipality-level data (proportion of immigrant adolescents) were used in multilevel linear regression analyses. Immigrant adolescents reported more mental health problems than their native Swedish peers. The long-term trend in mental health problems did not differ between the two groups. The association between individual immigrant status and mental health did not differ according to the municipality-level rate of immigrant adolescents. These findings highlight the need for public health attention to and efforts to address immigrant adolescents’ mental health problems in Sweden.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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The Association Between Self-perceived Health and Sleep-Quality and Anxiety Among Newly Arrived Refugees in Sweden : A Quantitative Study.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 22, s. 82-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research findings suggest that insomnia could be related to decreased health status and that it could also be affected by traumatic life experiences, such as war. Good health is important for newly arrived refugees for an effective integration process. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to investigate the association between self-perceived health and sleep quality among newly arrived refugees in Sweden. The results are based on 681 migrants who participated in a survey between 2015 and 2016. There was a significant odds ratio (OR) after adjustment for confounders for newly arrived refugees that were experiencing bad self-perceived health to also experience bad sleep: OR 8.07 (4.34-15.00). Furthermore, the OR remained significant but lower after adjustments for confounders for newly arrived refugees that had bad self-perceived health to be suffering from anxiety during sleep, with OR 3.83 (2.11-6.94).
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| 24. |
- Morville, Anne-Le, et al.
(författare)
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A Longitudinal Study of Changes in Asylum Seekers Ability Regarding Activities of Daily Living During Their Stay in the Asylum Center
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - New York : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 17:3, s. 852-859
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to assess change in activities of daily living (ADL) ability amongst asylum seekers and if there were any difference between tortured and non-torture following a 10 months post-arrival period, and if self-reported health and exposure to torture were factors related to change in ADL-ability. The study was a combined baseline, follow-up correlational study amongst individuals from Afghanistan, Iran and Syria, living in Danish asylum centers. Forty-three persons aged 20-50, were invited and participated in the baseline study. Twenty-two were still in asylum center at the follow-up and 17 of them participated. ADL-ability was measured using Assessment of Motor and Process Skills and questionnaires about exposure to torture, self-reported mental health and pain. ADL motor and process measures, well-being and self-rated health declined from baseline to follow-up. Measures of pain and depression increased. Exposure to physical torture and change in ADL motor (r = 0.525) measures were associated, as well as change in current pain and change in ADL process (r = 0.525) measures. Due to preponderance of torture survivors analysis of group difference was not applicable. Health care workers should be aware of ADL concerns and exposure to torture in this population to best address their needs within rehabilitation settings.
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| 25. |
- Mutola, Sianga, et al.
(författare)
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The Plight of Female Cameroonian Migrant Sex Workers in N’Djamena, Chad: A Case of Intersectionality
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 24:2, s. 430-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most countries, sex-work is criminalized and frowned upon. This leads to human rights abuses, especially for migrant female sex workers. The burden is heavier on migrant female sex-workers whose gender and foreign citizenship intersect to produce a plethora of adverse health, social, and legal outcomes. This phenomenological study explores the intersectionality of individual factors leading to human rights abuses among migrant Cameroonian female sex workers in N’Djamena, Chad. Ten female sex workers and two key-informants were interviewed, and being a small sample, they gave detailed information about their experiences. The data was later analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants narrated experiences of social exclusion, exposure to diverse abuses, and health risks due to gender, immigrant status, and illegality of sex work. The experiences of female migrant sex workers, within contexts of sex work criminalization, are exacerbated by the intersectionality of these factors. Women endure several vulnerabilities in many African countries, more so when they have to survive on sex work as foreigners in a country where the act is illegal. © 2021, The Author(s).
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| 26. |
- Nkulu Kalengayi, Faustine Kyungu, et al.
(författare)
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Fear of deportation may limit legal immigrants' access to HIV/AIDS-related care : a survey of Swedish language school students in Northern Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 14:1, s. 39-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing rates of HIV infection that are currently being reported in high-income countries can be partly explained by migration from countries with generalized epidemics. Yet, early diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in immigrants remains a challenge. This study investigated factors that might be limiting immigrants' access to HIV/AIDS care. Data from 268 legal immigrant students of two Swedish language schools in Northern Sweden were analyzed using logistic regression. Thirty-seven percent reported reluctance to seek medical attention if they had HIV/AIDS. Fear of deportation emerged as the most important determinant of reluctance to seek care after adjusting for socio-demographic factors, knowledge level, stigmatizing attitudes and fear of disclosure. Targeted interventions should consider the heterogeneity of migrant communities and the complex interplay of various factors which may impede access to HIV-related services. The myth about deportation because of HIV/AIDS should be countered.
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| 27. |
- Sarkadi, Anna, Professor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting an Understanding of Forced Migration Among Host Country Children and Exploring Their Views on Refugee Children’s Needs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 25:1, s. 237-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We know that refugee children are vulnerable to develop mental health problems, particularly post-traumatic stress [1]. Yet, social relationships including the number of friends and quality of friendship appear to play an important protective role [2]. Feeling accepted and supported by peers reportedly promotes wellbeing among refugee children [3, 4], and is associated with lower levels of psychological distress [4], emotional difficulties [5] and aggression [6]. Conversely, perceived discrimination by peers is related to emotional problems and aggressive behaviour [6]. Given the significant role peers play for refugee children, efforts should be made to engage host country children with the topic of refugee children’s needs. This brief report describes a film-based activity carried out at a children’s science festival in Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala is a university town with a general education level higher than the national average, but also with less affluent areas from which schools visited the science festival. A short film conveyed a typical experience of a refugee child to provide the children with contextual knowledge and a qualitative survey was used to collect the children’s views on what they think refugee children might need when they arrive in a new country. The qualitative design was selected to give the children space to provide detail about their reasoning in their own words and to enable the nuanced perspectives of children across various ages to be captured. As the survey was explorative, there were no specific hypotheses.
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| 28. |
- Saunders, Milda, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Efficacy Trial to Educate Muslim Americans about the Islamic Bioethical Perspectives in End-of-Life Healthcare
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 26:1, s. 133-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the US, end-of-life health care (EOLHC) is often intensive and invasive, and at times may involve care that is inconsistent with patient values. US Muslims may not receive appropriate religious support, experience uncertainty around end-of-life decision-making, and under-utilize palliative and hospice care. As technological advancements and treatment options rise in EOLHC, Muslim American patients and their families need to understand more about the treatment options that are consistent with their beliefs. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a pilot mosque-based educational workshop focused on increasing Muslim Americans’ religious bioethics knowledge about end-of-life healthcare. Intervention sites were four mosques with racially and ethnically diverse members, two in the Chicago metropolitan area and two in the Washington, D.C. area. Eligible participants were self-reported Muslims, aged 18 years or older, who were proficient in English. The intervention included a pre and post-test survey and a workshop focused on the Islamic bioethical perspectives on EOLHC. Knowledge was measured with six true-false questions. Baseline and post-intervention scores were analyzed by McNemar’s test and bivariate correlation. Overall, the analysis showed a significant improvement in post-intervention participant knowledge. There was increased knowledge of Islamic bioethical views on the moral status of seeking healthcare, brain death controversies, and religious perspectives on withholding or withdrawing life support near the end of life. Our pilot intervention successfully increased participant knowledge and underscores the need to improve the Muslim community’s knowledge about the bioethical dimensions of EOLHC.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Wright, A. Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Kidnapping and Mental Health in Iraqi Refugees : The Role of Resilience
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : SPRINGER. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 19:1, s. 98-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although kidnapping is common in war-torn countries, there is little research examining its psychological effects. Iraqi refugees (N = 298) were assessed upon arrival to the U.S. and 1 year later. At arrival, refugees were asked about prior trauma exposure, including kidnapping. One year later refugees were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression disorder (MDD) using the SCID-I. Individual resilience and narratives of the kidnapping were also assessed. Twenty-six refugees (9 %) reported being kidnapped. Compared to those not kidnapped, those who were had a higher prevalence of PTSD, but not MDD, diagnoses. Analyses examining kidnapping victims revealed that higher resilience was associated with lower rates of PTSD. Narratives of the kidnapping were also discussed. This study suggests kidnapping is associated with PTSD, but not MDD. Additionally, kidnapping victims without PTSD reported higher individual resilience. Future studies should further elucidate risk and resilience mechanisms.
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| 31. |
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