| 1. |
- Dey, Debargha, et al.
(författare)
-
Communicating the intention of an automated vehicle to pedestrians : The contributions of eHMI and vehicle behavior
- 2021
-
Ingår i: IT-Information Technology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1611-2776 .- 2196-7032. ; 63:2, s. 123-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to bridge the communication gap between an automated vehicle (AV) and pedestrians to replace the missing driver-pedestrian interaction. However, the relative impact of movement-based implicit communication and explicit communication with the aid of eHMIs on pedestrians has not been studied and empirically evaluated. In this study, we pit messages from an eHMI against different driving behaviors of an AV that yields to a pedestrian to understand whether pedestrians tend to pay more attention to the motion dynamics of the car or the eHMI in making road-crossing decisions. Our contributions are twofold: we investigate (1) whether the presence of eHMIs has any objective effect on pedestrians’ understanding of the vehicle’s intent, and (2) how the movement dynamics of the vehicle affect the perception of the vehicle intent and interact with the impact of an eHMI. Results show that (1) eHMIs help in convincing pedestrians of the vehicle’s yielding intention, particularly when the speed of the vehicle is slow enough to not be an obvious threat, but still fast enough to raise a doubt about a vehicle’s stopping intention, and (2) pedestrians do not blindly trust the eHMI: when the eHMI message and the vehicle’s movement pattern contradict, pedestrians fall back to movement-based cues. Our results imply that when explicit communication (eHMI) and implicit communication (motion-dynamics and kinematics) are in alignment and work in tandem, communication of the AV’s yielding intention can be facilitated most effectively. This insight can be useful in designing the optimal interaction between AVs and pedestrians from a user-centered design perspective when driver-centric communication is not available.
|
|
| 2. |
- Girod, Bernd, et al.
(författare)
-
Videocodierung mit mehreren Referenzbildern
- 2003
-
Ingår i: it - Information Technology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1611-2776 .- 2196-7032.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bewegungskompensierte Prädiktion mit Hilfe mehrerer vergangener oder zukünftiger Referenzbilder, so genannte Multiframe-Prädiktion, kann die Kompression von Videosignalen verbessern. Multiframe-Prädiktion lässt sich in Verbindung mit den von MPEG bekannten P-Bildern, oder auch – durch Multihypothesen-Prädiktion – in Verbindung mit B-Bildern verwenden. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die aktuellen Entwicklungen zusammen, die inzwischen weitgehend in die Videocodier-Standards ITU-T Rec. H.263 und H.264/AVC – dem neuen gemeinsamen Standard von ITU-T VCEG und ISO/IEC MPEG – übernommen wurden. H.264/AVC Video übertrifft MPEG-2 bereits jetzt um mehr als den Faktor 2X.
|
|
| 3. |
- Höttger, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
APP4MC: Application platform project for multi- and many-core systems
- 2017
-
Ingår i: it - Information Technology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2196-7032 .- 1611-2776. ; 59:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since especially the automotive domain increasingly utilizes multi- and many-core systems, appropriate models, analyses, and tooling are required to address challenges that were nearly non existent so far. APP4MC is an open source Eclipse platform that provides AUTOSAR compliant common data models namely AMALTHEA, basic parallelization features, visualizations, and the great possibility to add any existing tooling. For example, Eclipse Capra can be added to provide comprehensive traceability throughout the development processes but any proprietary, commercial, open-source, or prototypical implementations can be integrated. The platform enables the creation and management of complex tool chains including performance simulation and validation. The entire community benefits from reduced hardware costs, faster time to market, higher quality systems, and rapid adoption. APP4MC is not retricted to the automotive domain and utilizable in robotics or generic real-time systems as well.
|
|
| 4. |
- Novakazi, Fjolle, 1987, et al.
(författare)
-
Who's in charge?: The influence of perceived control on responsibility and mode awareness in driving automation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: IT - Information Technology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1611-2776 .- 2196-7032. ; 62:2, s. 77-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fully automated drive still lies far ahead in the future. Therefore, vehicles with multiple modes of operation will not disappear fully as many road types, traffic and weather conditions will not allow fully automated drive. Instead, fragmented trips with regard to automation will prevail, where drivers will have different levels of automation available at different times. Given this scenario and the complexity of vehicles offering multiple levels of automation with different driving modes depending on prevailing conditions, the need for drivers to understand their responsibility during the different modes becomes critical. The aim of this paper is to contribute to further understanding of how perceived control influences the driver's mode awareness of and responsibility for the driving task by reporting on an on-road Wizard-of-Oz study under real driving conditions. The results show that when confronted with a vehicle offering both a level 2 and a level 4 driving automation system, drivers have difficulty in determining whether control is allocated to them or to the system. Further results show that perceived control and responsibility for the driving task are closely linked, and that the driver's perception of the driving system influence how they interact with it. Finally, conclusions are drawn regarding the way perceived control influences mode awareness when interacting with a vehicle that features multiple levels of automation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fischer-Hübner, Simone, 1963-
(författare)
-
Census 2011 and Privacy : Editorial
- 2011
-
Ingår i: It-information technology. - Munich : Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH. - 1611-2776. ; 53:1, s. 3-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 6. |
- Kessler, Christoph, 1966-
(författare)
-
Programming Techniques for the Cell Processor
- 2011
-
Ingår i: it - Information Technology. - : Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH. - 1611-2776. ; 53:2, s. 66-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell Broadband Engine is a heterogeneous multicore processor designed mainly for applications in scientific computing, graphics, and gaming with high performance requirements. We give an overview of its architecture, review some selected development tools and programming frameworks, and describe techniques for writing efficient programs for Cell.
|
|
