| 1. |
- Leahy, M.J., et al.
(författare)
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Biophotonic methods in microcirculation imaging
- 2007
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Ingår i: Medical Laser Application. - : Elsevier BV. - 1615-1615 .- 1878-3228. ; 22:2, s. 105-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visible and near-infrared light, particularly in the wavelength region of 600-1100 nm, offer a window into human and animal tissues due to reduced scattering and absorption. We review the main biophotonic methods applied to visualisation and assessment of the microcirculation and document the progress made over the past 10 years in particular. Applications, particularly in human skin, are of special topical importance due to an improved knowledge of its role and its value as a surrogate for other organs in drug testing at a time when drug development is under severe pressure. © 2007.
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| 2. |
- Ghafouri, Bijar, et al.
(författare)
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Newly identified proteins in human nasal lavage fluid from non-smokers and smokers using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 2:1, s. 112-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) were analyzed with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and proteins were identified with peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desoption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. In some cases, the identification was verified by analysis of post-source decay fragmentation spectra. Many of the identified proteins were new forms or fragments of previously found proteins (e.g. albumin, lactoferrin, cystatin, calgranulin, von Ebners gland protein and palate lung nasal epithelium clone), while others were proteins that have previously been indicated by 2-DE image matching or immunoblots (e.g. apolipoprotein AI, lysozyme C, and Clara cell secretory protein). Some new proteins, not shown before in 2-DE patterns of NLF were also found, e.g. mammaglobin B, 2-microglobulin and immunoglobulin J chain. Of the identified NLF proteins many appear to be involved in inflammatory and immune responses. A study was therefore conducted to investigate if the levels of these proteins were changed in smokers compared to nonsmokers. It was found that NLF from smokers contained decreased levels of Clara cell secretory protein, and increased proportions of a truncated variant of lipocortin-1, three acidic forms of α1-antitrypsin, and one phosphorylated form of cystatin S. Furthermore, NLF from smokers contained increased proportions of a new variant of palate lung nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC), a recently identified airway irritation marker. The results demonstrate that 2-DE of NLF may be used to assess alterations of proteins or post-translationally modified proteins in smokers. Clara cell secretory protein (CC 16, CC 10) and lipocortin-1 are two anti-inflammatory, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, and α1-antitrypsin and cystatin S are two proteinase inhibitors. Changed levels of these proteins may therefore be of importance to the airway inflammation caused by smoking. The results also support the notion that PLUNC is involved in inflammatory responses in the upper airways.
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| 3. |
- Hallman, K., et al.
(författare)
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Palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols with air as reoxidant
- 2001
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 343:3, s. 260-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidation of primary and secondary aliphatic and secondary benzylic alcohols into their corresponding aldehydes and ketones was achieved in good yields with palladium catalysts using air as the reoxidant of palladium. The use of palladacycle 1 resulted in higher yields and a faster reaction than the use of Pd(OAc)(2) as the palladium source.
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| 4. |
- Macher, M.-B., et al.
(författare)
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Triacylglycerol analysis of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils by silver ion HPLC
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 24:3, s. 179-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fast and reliable method was developed for the analysis of positional and geometrical triacylglycerol isomers in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. A binary gradient of heptane/acetonitrile was employed in silver ion HPLC with evaporative light scattering detection. Good resolution of native and partially hardened oils was achieved within 22 min for palm oil and within 60 min for rapeseed oil. Initial stability problems were found to be caused by decreasing acetonitrile concentration in the solvent mixture, due to selective evaporation of acetonitrile. By tightening the bottle caps and plugging the usual ventilation inlets, this could be prevented; the system then became very stable. A complementary system (heptane/acetone) was used to confirm the absence of 1,2-elaidin-3-palmitin in the hydrogenated samples. This system shows better resolution in the more saturated region (up to three double bonds). However, for less saturated species, peak-split problems occurred (e.g. for triolein), and the elution strength of acetone was not sufficient for the elution of the most polyunsaturated triacylglycerols of rapeseed oil. This would have required a ternary gradient with an additional, stronger solvent, e.g. acetonitrile. Hence, the original heptane/acetonitrile system was retained as the method of choice. It is sufficiently fast and accurate over a wide range of unsaturation to make it suitable for hydrogenation process control, especially of continuous processes with rapidly changing product composition.
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| 5. |
- Adewole, Kayode S., et al.
(författare)
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DFTMicroagg: a dual-level anonymization algorithm for smart grid data
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Security. - : Springer. - 1615-5262 .- 1615-5270. ; 21, s. 1299-1321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) smart meters has given rise to fine-grained electricity usage data at different levels of time granularity. AMI collects high-frequency daily energy consumption data that enables utility companies and data aggregators to perform a rich set of grid operations such as demand response, grid monitoring, load forecasting and many more. However, the privacy concerns associated with daily energy consumption data has been raised. Existing studies on data anonymization for smart grid data focused on the direct application of perturbation algorithms, such as microaggregation, to protect the privacy of consumers. In this paper, we empirically show that reliance on microaggregation alone is not sufficient to protect smart grid data. Therefore, we propose DFTMicroagg algorithm that provides a dual level of perturbation to improve privacy. The algorithm leverages the benefits of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and microaggregation to provide additional layer of protection. We evaluated our algorithm on two publicly available smart grid datasets with millions of smart meters readings. Experimental results based on clustering analysis using k-Means, classification via k-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithm and mean hourly energy consumption forecast using Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average with eXogenous (SARIMAX) factors model further proved the applicability of the proposed method. Our approach provides utility companies with more flexibility to control the level of protection for their published energy data.
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| 6. |
- Afewerki, Samson, et al.
(författare)
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Off-Cycle Catalyst Cooperativity in Amine/Transition Metal Combined Catalysis : Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanes as Key Species in Co-Catalytic Enantioselective Carbocyclizations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 364:8, s. 1394-1401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of off-cycle catalyst cooperativity in amine/metal combined catalysis is disclosed. The experimental and density functional theory study of the amine/metal co-catalyzed enantioselective Michael/carbocyclization cascade reaction between allenes and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes reveals that the dual catalysts can perform off-cycle cooperativity that gives access to stable bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane species that limits the carbocycle product formation. Insight into this mode of co-catalyst cooperativity sheds new light on the chiral amine/metal co-catalyzed reactions of to date and gives deeper understanding for improved future design of this type of enantioselective reactions.
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| 7. |
- Agasti, Soumitra, et al.
(författare)
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Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Benzofurans : An Approach Towards the Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled Compounds
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 357:10, s. 2331-2338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Palladium-catalyzed oxidative annulations between phenols and alkenylcarboxylic acids produced a library of benzofuran compounds. Depending on the nature of the substitution of the phenol precursor, either 2,3-dialkylbenzofurans or 2-alkyl-3-methylene-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans can be synthesized with excellent regioselectivity. Reactions between conjugated 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acids and phenol gave 3-alkylidenedihydrobenzofuran alkaloid motifs while biologically active 7-arylbenzofuran derivatives were prepared by starting from 2-phenylphenols. More interestingly, selective incorporation of deuterium from D2O has been discovered, which offers an attractive one-step method to access deuterated compounds.
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| 8. |
- Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Boosting the Globalization of Plant Proteomics through INPPO : Current Developments and Future Prospects
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 12:3, s. 359-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO) is a non-profit-organization consisting of people who are involved or interested in plant proteomics. INPPO is constantly growing in volume and activity, which is mostly due to the realization among plant proteomics researchers worldwide for the need of such a global platform. Their active participation resulted in the rapid growth within the first year of INPPO's official launch in 2011 via its website (www.inppo.com) and publication of the 'Viewpoint paper' in a special issue of PROTEOMICS (May 2011). Here, we will be highlighting the progress achieved in the year 2011 and the future targets for the year 2012 and onwards. INPPO has achieved a successful administrative structure, the Core Committee (CC; composed of President, Vice-President, and General Secretaries), Executive Council (EC), and General Body (GB) to achieve INPPO objectives. Various committees and subcommittees are in the process of being functionalized via discussion amongst scientists around the globe. INPPO's primary aim to popularize the plant proteomics research in biological sciences has also been recognized by PROTEOMICS where a section dedicated to plant proteomics has been introduced starting January 2012, following the very first issue of this journal devoted to plant proteomics in May 2011. To disseminate organizational activities to the scientific community, INPPO has launched a biannual (in January and July) newsletter entitled 'INPPO Express: News & Views' with the first issue published in January 2012. INPPO is also planning to have several activities in 2012, including programs within the Education Outreach committee in different countries, and the development of research ideas and proposals with priority on crop and horticultural plants, while keeping tight interactions with proteomics programs on model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and Medicago truncatula. Altogether, the INPPO progress and upcoming activities are because of immense support, dedication, and hard work of all members of the INPPO community, and also due to the wide encouragement and support from the communities (scientific and non-scientific).
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| 9. |
- Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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INPPO Actions and Recognition as a Driving Force for Progress in Plant Proteomics : Change of Guard, INPPO Update, and Upcoming Activities
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 13:21, s. 3093-3100
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO) is a non-profit organization whose members are scientists involved or interested in plant proteomics. Since the publication of the first INPPO highlights in 2012, continued progress on many of the organization's mandates/goals has been achieved. Two major events are emphasized in this second INPPO highlights. First, the change of guard at the top, passing of the baton from Dominique Job, INPPO founding President to Ganesh Kumar Agrawal as the incoming President. Ganesh K. Agrawal, along with Dominique Job and Randeep Rakwal initiated the INPPO. Second, the most recent INPPO achievements and future targets, mainly the organization of first the INPPO World Congress in 2014, tentatively planned for Hamburg (Germany), are mentioned.
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| 10. |
- Ahlberg Helgee, Edit, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Origin of Space Charge in Grain Boundaries of Proton-Conducting BaZrO3
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 13:1, s. 19-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Segregation energies of oxygen vacancies and protons near three symmetric tilt grain boundaries (GBs) in BaZrO3 are determined using density functional theory. Two of the GBs have the [-110] direction as tilt axis whith a (111) or (112) plane as GB plane, while the third has the [001] direction as tilt axis and a (210) plane as GB plane. Both defects are found to segregate to all three GBs, with vacancy segregation energies of -0.5 and -1.5 eV and proton segregation energies of about -0.8 eV. The effects of the calculated segregation energies on defect concentrations and electrostatic potential in the GB region are investigated using a thermodynamic space charge model. An increased concentration of defects is seen in all GBs, giving electrostatic potential barriers around 0.6 V at 400-900 K. Protons are found to give important contributions to the space charge in all three GBs.
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| 11. |
- Ahlsten, Nanna, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Rhodium-catalysed coupling of allylic, homoallylic, and bishomoallylic alcohols with aldehydes and N-tosylimines : insights into the mechanism
- 2009
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 351:16, s. 2657-2666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The isomerisation of alkenols followed by reaction with aldehydes or N-tosylimines catalysed by rhodium complexes has been studied. The catalytically active rhodium complex is formed in situ from commercially available (cyclooctadiene)rhodium(l) chloride dimer [Rh(COD)Cl](2). The tandem process affords aldol and Mannich-type products in excellent yields. The key to the success of the coupling reaction is the activation of the catalysts by reaction with postassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK), which promotes a catalytic cycle via alkoxides rather than rhodium hydrides. This mechanism minimises the formation of unwanted by-products. The mechanism has been studied by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and deuterium labelling experiments.
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| 12. |
- Ahlström, Lars-Henric, et al.
(författare)
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Standard addition - A way of improving quantification of banned azo dyes in leather
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9314 .- 1615-9306. ; 28:17, s. 2407-2412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An analytical procedure based on supercritical-fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction was applied on six different real leather samples for the determination of banned azo dyes. Determination of the dyes was performed indirectly by measuring their corresponding harmful aromatic amines, formed after reduction. A comparative study between external standard calibration and standard addition using both the dyes as well as the corresponding amines showed that the latter quantification method provided the highest accuracy.
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| 13. |
- Al-Jarah, S. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Capillary electrophoretic and mass spectrometric analysis of a polydisperse fluorosurfactant
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 28:3, s. 239-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fluorosurfactant has been studied using capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The fluorosurfactant, FC134, can be used as a buffer additive in capillary electrophoresis in order to decrease wall adsorption of proteins and in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. However, it has been discovered that this fluorosurfactant is polydisperse, thus containing substances with different lengths and structures. In this work, the fluorosurfactant sample components were separated by capillary electrophoresis. An uncoated as well as a poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated capillary were used with running electrolytes containing methanol and acetic acid. Following the capillary electrophoretic separation, fractions were collected for further analysis by MALDI-MS. Non-fractionated samples were also analyzed both by MALDI-MS and by ESI-MS.
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| 14. |
- Albar, JP, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting proteomics knowledge in Europe
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9861 .- 1615-9853. ; 7:S1, s. 90-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early transition of knowledge from highly specialised and sophisticated proteomics research to a diverse community in need of know-how is a challenge that requires backing from advanced research centres and groups, and a coordinating body for the dissemination of this knowledge. The European Proteomics Association (EuPA) Education Committee signified this as a priority area when the EuPA was formed, and began its program to coordinate proteomics training and knowledge dissemination in 2006. This repor t serves as an update of our past activities and an announcement of upcoming events. Over the last year the EuPA Education Committee has coordinated or suppor ted dif ferent educational activities including basic and advanced courses, a summer school, workshops and tutorials. A new programme of basic courses dubbed Teaching the Teachers has been initiated. These courses reach a larger, Europe wide, audience in a short timeframe, thus improving the oppor tunities for trainees of elementary proteomics techniques. Another impor tant event has been the merger of the EuPA and HUPO (Human Proteome Organisation) Education Committees into a single one in order to combine ideas and ef for ts that will favour global education in proteomics.
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| 15. |
- Alfredsson, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Isobaric labeling-based quantitative proteomics of FACS-purified immune cells and epithelial cells from the intestine of Crohn's disease patients reveals proteome changes of potential importance in disease pathogenesis.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9861 .- 1615-9853. ; 23:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent flares of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Disease etiology is poorly understood and is characterized by dysregulated immune activation that progressively destroys intestinal tissue. Key cellular compartments in disease pathogenesis are the intestinal epithelial layer and its underlying lamina propria. While the epithelium contains predominantly epithelial cells, the lamina propria is enriched in immune cells. Deciphering proteome changes in different cell populations is important to understand CD pathogenesis. Here, using isobaric labeling-based quantitative proteomics, we perform an exploratory study to analyze in-depth proteome changes in epithelial cells, immune cells and stromal cells in CD patients compared to controls using cells purified by FACS. Our study revealed increased proteins associated with neutrophil degranulation and mitochondrial metabolism in immune cells of CD intestinal mucosa. We also found upregulation of proteins involved in glycosylation and secretory pathways in epithelial cells of CD patients, while proteins involved in mitochondrial metabolism were reduced. The distinct alterations in protein levels in immune- versus epithelial cells underscores the utility of proteome analysis of defined cell types. Moreover, our workflow allowing concomitant assessment of cell-type specific changes on an individual basis enables deeper insight into disease pathogenesis.
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| 16. |
- Alnegren, Patrik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Metallic Bipolar Plates for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 16:1, s. 39-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High temperature polymer membrane fuel cells (HTPEMFCs) are promising devices for future mobile applications. To minimize phosphoric acid migration from the membranes and to reduce the total stack weight and size metallic bipolar plates are a promising alternative. So far only very few published results are available on the use of metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFCs. During this work a single test cell was equipped with metallic endplates to investigate the possibility of using metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFC stacks. Furthermore we tried to simulate the environments present in an HTPEMFC by furnace exposures in an attempt to develop a simplified test method for accelerated corrosion of bipolar plate materials. It was found that the performance of the HTPEM test cell decreased by about 15 mu V h(-1). More corrosion products were seen on the cathode side samples, whereas on the anode side sample the corrosion attack of the steel was more severe. These results were successfully replicated in simulated furnace experiments.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Amini, Ahmad
(författare)
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Separation of somatropin charge variants by multiple-injection CZE with Polybrene/chondroitin sulfate A double-coated capillaries
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 36:16, s. 2686-2690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of dynamic double-coated fused-silica capillaries with Polybrene and chondroitin sulfate A has been compared with uncoated fused-silica capillaries for the determination of recombinant human growth factor (somatropin) charge variants. The separations were carried out under the same electrophoretic conditions as described in the European Pharmacopoeia, i.e. at pH 6.0 and 30 degrees C. The coating significantly reduced the interactions between the proteins and the surface of the fused-silica capillary. The first five separations performed in a new bare fused-silica capillary were discarded because of very poor separation performance as a result of protein-surface interactions. There was an approximate twofold increase in the interday migration time precision (%RSD 6.5%) in the double-coated capillaries. The method was successfully transferred to a multiple CZE mode where two samples were analyzed in a single electrophoretic run. The average purity of somatropin certified reference standard was 98.0% (%RSD 0.3%) determined by using uncoated and coated capillaries.
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| 19. |
- Amouzgar, Kaveh, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Radial basis functions as surrogate models with a priori bias in comparison with a posteriori bias
- 2017
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Ingår i: Structural and multidisciplinary optimization (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-147X .- 1615-1488. ; 55:4, s. 1453-1469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to obtain a robust performance, the established approach when using radial basis function networks (RBF) as metamodels is to add a posteriori bias which is defined by extra orthogonality constraints. We mean that this is not needed, instead the bias can simply be set a priori by using the normal equation, i.e. the bias becomes the corresponding regression model. In this paper we demonstrate that the performance of our suggested approach with a priori bias is in general as good as, or even for many test examples better than, the performance of RBF with a posteriori bias. Using our approach, it is clear that the global response is modelled with the bias and that the details are captured with radial basis functions. The accuracy of the two approaches are investigated by using multiple test functions with different degrees of dimensionality. Furthermore, several modeling criteria, such as the type of radial basis functions used in the RBFs, dimension of the test functions, sampling techniques and size of samples, are considered to study their affect on the performance of the approaches. The power of RBF with a priori bias for surrogate based design optimization is also demonstrated by solving an established engineering benchmark of a welded beam and another benchmark for different sampling sets generated by successive screening, random, Latin hypercube and Hammersley sampling, respectively. The results obtained by evaluation of the performance metrics, the modeling criteria and the presented optimal solutions, demonstrate promising potentials of our RBF with a priori bias, in addition to the simplicity and straight-forward use of the approach.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Anderson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Total Synthesis of Capsaicin Analogues from Lignin-Derived Compounds by Combined Heterogeneous Metal, Organocatalytic and Enzymatic Cascades in One Pot
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 356:9, s. 2113-2118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The total synthesis of capsaicin analogues was performed in one pot, starting from compounds that can be derived from lignin. Heterogeneous palladium nanoparticles were used to oxidise alcohols to aldehydes, which were further converted to amines by an enzyme cascade system, including an amine transaminase. It was shown that the palladium catalyst and the enzyme cascade system could be successfully combined in the same pot for conversion of alcohols to amines without any purification of intermediates. The intermediate vanillyl-amine, prepared with the enzyme cascade system, could be further converted to capsaicin analogues without any purification using either fatty acids and a lipase, or Schotten-Baumann conditions, in the same pot. An aldol compound (a simple lignin model) could also be used as starting material for the synthesis of capsaicin analogues. Using l-alanine as organocatalyst, vanillin could be obtained by a retro-aldol reaction. This could be combined with the enzyme cascade system to convert the aldol compound to vanillylamine in a one-step one-pot reaction.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Maintaining high anaerobic succinic acid productivity by product removal
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bioprocess and biosystems engineering (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-7591 .- 1615-7605. ; 33:6, s. 711-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During dual-phase fermentations using Escherichia coli engineered for succinic acid production, the productivity and viable cell concentration decrease as the concentration of succinic acid increases. The effects of succinic acid on the fermentation kinetics, yield, and cell viability were investigated by resuspending cells in fresh media after selected fermentation times. The cellular succinic acid productivity could be restored, but cell viability continuously decreased throughout the fermentations by up to 80% and subsequently the volumetric productivity was reduced. Omitting complex nutrients in the resuspension media had no significant effect on cellular succinate productivity and yield, although the viable cell concentration and thus the volumetric productivity was reduced by approximately 20%. By resuspending the cells, the amount of succinate produced during a 100-h fermentation was increased by more than 60%. The results demonstrate that by product removal succinic acid productivity can be maintained at high levels for extended periods of time.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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SOFC Cell Design Optimization Using the Finite Element Method Based CFD Approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6854 .- 1615-6846. ; 14:2, s. 177-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fuel cells are hopeful for future energy systems, because they are energy efficient and able to use renewable fuels. A coupled computational fluid dynamics approach based on the finite element method, in three-dimensions, is used to illustrate a planar intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell. Governing equations for momentum, gas-phase species, heat, electron and ion transport are implemented and coupled to kinetics describing electrochemical reactions. Three different cell designs are compared in a parametric study. The importance of the cathode support layer is revealed, because this layer significantly decreases the oxygen gas-phase resistance within the cathode (at positions under the interconnect ribs) in the direction normal to the cathode/electrolyte interface as well as the electron resistance inside the cathode (at positions under the air channel) in the same direction. It is concluded that wider and thinner gas channels enable a more compact design with only a slightly decreased cell current density (per cross-sectional electrode/electrolyte interface area), i.e. a considerably increased volumetric cell current can be achieved.
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| 24. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and bioanalytical evaluation of morphine-3-O-sulfate and morphine-6-O-sulfate in human urine and plasma using LC-MS/MS
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 35:3, s. 367-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to synthesize morphine-3-O-sulfate and morphine-6-O-sulfate for use as reference substances, and to determine the sulfate conjugates as possible heroin and morphine metabolites in plasma and urine by a validated LC-MS/MS method. Morphine-6-O-sulfate and morphine-3-O-sulfate were prepared as dihydrates from morphine hydrochloride, in overall yields of 41 and 39% with product purities of >99.5% and >98%, respectively. For bioanalysis, the chromatographic system consisted of a reversed-phase column and gradient elution. The tandem mass spectrometer was operated in the positive electrospray mode using selected reaction monitoring, of transition m/z 366.15 to 286.40. The measuring range was 5500?ng/mL for morphine-3-O-sulfate and 4.5454?ng/mL for morphine-6-O-sulfate in plasma. In urine, the measuring range was 505000?ng/mL for morphine-3-O-sulfate and 45.44544?ng/mL for morphine-6-O-sulfate. The intra-assay and total imprecision (coefficient of variation) was below 11% for both analytes in urine and plasma. Quantifiable levels of morphine-3-O-sulfate in authentic urine and plasma samples were found. Only one authentic urine sample contained a detectable level of morphine-6-O-sulfate, while no detectable morphine-6-O-sulfate was found in plasma samples.
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| 25. |
- Appelblad, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Fast hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic separations on bonded zwitterionic stationary phase
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 31:9, s. 1529-1536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Separation science is an art of obtaining adequate resolution of the desired compounds in minimum time, and with minimum effort in terms of sample preparation and data evaluation. In LC, where selectivity is a main driving force for separation, the availability of different separation modes capable of operating at high flow rates is a way to make combined optimal use of selectivity, efficiency, and speed. The separation of polar and hydrophilic compounds is problematic in RP LC due to the poor retention. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is a more straightforward separation mode to address this problem. Herein, it is shown that separations in HILIC mode are equally efficient as for RP, providing a potential for very fast separations on short columns. This is not only facilitated by the low viscosity of the mobile phase compositions used, compared to typical RP eluents, but also due to higher column permeability. To exemplify this, baseline separations of uracil and cytosine are shown in less than 4 s and of Tamiflu® and its main metabolite in less than 40 s, both under isocratic conditions. HILIC must therefore be considered having potential for high throughput purposes, and being an attractive candidate as the second separation dimension in 2-D HPLC.
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| 26. |
- Arrigoni, Giorgio, et al.
(författare)
-
Chemical derivatization of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine containing peptides to increase sensitivity for MALDI-based analysis and for selectivity of MS/MS analysis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9861 .- 1615-9853. ; 6:3, s. 757-766
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important and common ways of regulating protein function in cells. However, phosphopeptides are difficult to analyse, ionising poorly under standard MALDI conditions. Several methods have been developed to deal with the low sensitivity and specificity of phosphopeptide analysis. Here, we show an approach using a simple one-step beta-elimination/Michael addition reaction for the derivatization of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine. The substitution of the negatively charged phosphate group by a positively charged S-ethylpyridyl group greatly improves the ionisation of the modified peptides, especially in MALDI MS, increasing the sensitivity of the analysis. The modification allows the formation of a unique fragment ion at m/z 106 under mild collisional activation conditions, which can be used for parent (precursor) ion scanning in order to improve both the sensitivity and the selectivity of the analysis. The optimisation of the approach is described for a standard model peptide and protein and then applied to phosphorylation analysis in two biologically derived proteins purified from different experimental systems.
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| 27. |
- Aryana, Bijan, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Users’ participation in requirements gathering for smart phones applications in emerging markets
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297. ; 14:2, s. 265-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents insights from using requirements gathering techniques for country-specific customization of smart phones in two emerging markets, Iran and Turkey. In each country, a group of users participated in requirements gathering sessions that were aimed at developing design ideas for overcoming country-specific usability problems. Using qualitative content analysis, it was found that in each country some specific interaction activities were considered more when participants generated design ideas for country-specific usability problems. It was also found that even for similar usability problems, participants suggested country-specific solutions. Therefore, it is suggested that participation of local users in the design process should not be limited to identification of usability problems, but should also include the problem-solving phase that is usually a phase in design and development processes in which requirements gathering techniques are being used.
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| 28. |
- Asplund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibodies for profiling the human proteome-The Human Protein Atlas as a resource for cancer research
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 12:13, s. 2067-2077
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this review, we present an update on the progress of the Human Protein Atlas, with an emphasis on strategies for validating immunohistochemistry-based protein expression patterns and on the possibilities to extend the map of protein expression patterns for cancer research projects. The objectives underlying the Human Protein Atlas include (i) the generation of validated antibodies toward a major isoform of all proteins encoded by the human genome, (ii) creating an information database of protein expression patterns in normal human tissues, in cells, and in cancer, and (iii) utilizing generated antibodies and protein expression data as tools to identify clinically useful biomarkers. The success of such an effort is dependent on the validity of antibodies as specific binders of intended targets in applications used to map protein expression patterns. The development of strategies to support specific target binding is crucial and remains a challenge as a large fraction of proteins encoded by the human genome is poorly characterized, including the approximately one-third of all proteins lacking evidence of existence. Conceivable methods for validation include the use of paired antibodies, i.e. two independent antibodies targeting different and nonoverlapping epitopes on the same protein as well as comparative analysis of mRNA expression patterns with corresponding proteins.
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| 29. |
- Astell, A. J., et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a pragmatic evaluation of ICTs for older adults with cognitive impairment at scale : the IN LIFE experience
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - Heidelberg, Germany : Springer. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297. ; 21:1, s. 1-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementing information and communications technology (ICT) at scale requires evaluation processes to capture the impacton users as well as the infrastructure into which it is being introduced. For older adults living with cognitive impairment, thisrequires evaluation that can accommodate diferent levels of cognitive impairment, alongside input from family and formalcaregivers, plus stakeholder organisations. The European Horizon 2020 project INdependent LIving support Functions forthe Elderly (IN LIFE) set out to integrate 17 technologies into a single digital platform for older people living with cognitive impairment plus their families, care providers and stakeholders. The IN LIFE evaluation took place across six nationalpilot sites to examine a number of variables including impact on the users, user acceptance of the individual services andthe overall platform, plus the economic case for the IN LIFE platform. The results confrmed the interest and need amongolder adults, family caregivers, formal caregivers and stakeholders, for information and communications technology (ICT).Relative to the baseline, quality of life improved and cognition stabilised; however, there was an overall reluctance to payfor the platform. The fndings provide insights into existing barriers and challenges for adoption of ICT for older peopleliving with cognitive impairment.
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| 30. |
- Astell, A. J., et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a pragmatic evaluation of ICTs for older adults with cognitive impairment at scale: the IN LIFE experience
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - Heidelberg, Germany : Springer. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementing information and communications technology (ICT) at scale requires evaluation processes to capture the impact on users as well as the infrastructure into which it is being introduced. For older adults living with cognitive impairment, this requires evaluation that can accommodate different levels of cognitive impairment, alongside input from family and formal caregivers, plus stakeholder organisations. The European Horizon 2020 project INdependent LIving support Functions for the Elderly (IN LIFE) set out to integrate 17 technologies into a single digital platform for older people living with cognitive impairment plus their families, care providers and stakeholders. The IN LIFE evaluation took place across six national pilot sites to examine a number of variables including impact on the users, user acceptance of the individual services and the overall platform, plus the economic case for the IN LIFE platform. The results confirmed the interest and need among older adults, family caregivers, formal caregivers and stakeholders, for information and communications technology (ICT). Relative to the baseline, quality of life improved and cognition stabilised; however, there was an overall reluctance to pay for the platform. The findings provide insights into existing barriers and challenges for adoption of ICT for older people living with cognitive impairment.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Ayoglu, Burcu, et al.
(författare)
-
Multiplexed protein profiling by sequential affinity capture
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 16:8, s. 1251-1256
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody microarrays enable parallelized and miniaturized analysis of clinical samples, and have proven to provide novel insights for the analysis of different proteomes. However, there are concerns that the performance of such direct labeling and single antibody assays are prone to off-target binding due to the sample context. To improve selectivity and sensitivity while maintaining the possibility to conduct multiplexed protein profiling, we developed a multiplexed and semi-automated sequential capture assay. This novel bead-based procedure encompasses a first antigen capture, labeling of captured protein targets on magnetic particles, combinatorial target elution and a read-out by a secondary capture bead array. We demonstrate in a proof-of-concept setting that target detection via two sequential affinity interactions reduced off-target contribution, while lowered background and noise levels, improved correlation to clinical values compared to single binder assays. We also compared sensitivity levels with single binder and classical sandwich assays, explored the possibility for DNA-based signal amplification, and demonstrate the applicability of the dual capture bead-based antibody microarray for biomarker analysis. Hence, the described concept enhances the possibilities for antibody array assays to be utilized for protein profiling in body fluids and beyond.
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| 33. |
- Bah, Juho, et al.
(författare)
-
Carbocations as Lewis Acid Catalysts : Reactivity and Scope
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 357:1, s. 148-158
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One class of potential Lewis acids that has received negligible attention as a catalyst is the carbocation. Here we show the potential of triarylmethylium ions as highly powerful Lewis acid catalysts for organic reactions. The Lewis acidity of the triarylmethylium ion can be easily tuned by variation of the electronic properties of the aromatic rings and the catalytic activity of the carbocation is shown to correlate directly to the level of stabilization of the empty p(C)-orbital at the cationic carbon. The versatility of triarylmethylium ions as efficient Lewis acid catalysts for organic reactions is demonstrated in Diels-Alder, aza-Diels-Alder, conjugate addition, halogenation, epoxide rearrangement and intramolecular hetro-ene reactions.
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| 34. |
- Balletti, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
-
K3 polytopes and their quartic surfaces
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geometry. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1615-715X .- 1615-7168. ; 21:1, s. 85-98
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- K3 polytopes appear in complements of tropical quartic surfaces. They are dual to regular unimodular central triangulations of reflexive polytopes in the fourth dilation of the standard tetrahedron. Exploring these combinatorial objects, we classify K3 polytopes with up to 30 vertices. Their number is 36 297 333. We study the singular loci of quartic surfaces that tropicalize to K3 polytopes. These surfaces are stable in the sense of Geometric Invariant Theory.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Bartolome, Luis, et al.
(författare)
-
Determination of trace levels of dinitrophenolic compounds by microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction in environmental water samples
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9314 .- 1615-9306. ; 30:13, s. 2144-2152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fast and simple hollow fibre-based microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction (MMLLE) method is proposed for the determination of trace levels of dinitrophenolic compounds in water samples. The optimization step was performed using a three-variables Doehlert matrix design, involving the fibre length, the quantity of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in the acceptor phase and the extraction time. Using the established experimental conditions, some other parameters such as stirring speed, salt content, humic acids and different organic solvents as the acceptor phase were studied. Validation of the method included calibration experiments, linearity studies and determination of method LOD (MLD). The RSD was around 11% in all the experiments on different days at different concentrations. Separation and detection of four dinitrophenols were performed in 10 min with an RP-LC and a C-8 column ACN-citric buffer gradient elution and diode array detection.
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| 37. |
- Beck, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
-
Inequalities for f∗-vectors of lattice polytopes
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geometry. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1615-715X .- 1615-7168. ; 24:2, s. 141-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Ehrhart polynomial ehr(P)(n) of a lattice polytope P counts the number of integer points in the n-th dilate of P. The f*-vector of P, introduced by Felix Breuer in 2012, is the vector of coefficients of ehr(P)(n) with respect to the binomial coefficient basis {((n-1)(0)),((n-1)(1)),& mldr;,((n-1)(d))}, where d = dim P. Similarly to h/h*-vectors, the f*-vector of P coincides with the f-vector of its unimodular triangulations (if they exist). We present several inequalities that hold among the coefficients of f*-vectors of lattice polytopes. These inequalities resemble striking similarities with existing inequalities for the coefficients of f-vectors of simplicial polytopes; e.g., the first half of the f*-coefficients increases and the last quarter decreases. Even though f*-vectors of polytopes are not always unimodal, there are several families of polytopes that carry the unimodality property. We also show that for any polytope with a given Ehrhart h*-vector, there is a polytope with the same h*-vector whose f*-vector is unimodal.
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| 38. |
- Bendsoe, MP, et al.
(författare)
-
Joakim Petersson 1968-2002 - Obituary
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Structural and multidisciplinary optimization (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-147X .- 1615-1488. ; 25:3
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
- Bendz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Membrane protein shaving with thermolysin can be used to evaluate topology predictors
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 13:9, s. 1467-1480
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Topology analysis of membrane proteins can be obtained by enzymatic shaving in combination with MS identification of peptides. Ideally, such analysis could provide quite detailed information about the membrane spanning regions. Here, we examine the ability of some shaving enzymes to provide large-scale analysis of membrane proteome topologies. To compare different shaving enzymes, we first analyzed the detected peptides from two over-expressed proteins. Second, we analyzed the peptides from non-over-expressed Escherichia coli membrane proteins with known structure to evaluate the shaving methods. Finally, the identified peptides were used to test the accuracy of a number of topology predictors. At the end we suggest that the usage of thermolysin, an enzyme working at the natural pH of the cell for membrane shaving, is superior because: (i) we detect a similar number of peptides and proteins using thermolysin and trypsin; (ii) thermolysin shaving can be run at a natural pH and (iii) the incubation time is quite short. (iv) Fewer detected peptides from thermolysin shaving originate from the transmembrane regions. Using thermolysin shaving we can also provide a clear separation between the best and the less accurate topology predictors, indicating that using data from shaving can provide valuable information when developing new topology predictors.
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| 40. |
- Bengtsson-Palme, Johan, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategies to improve usability and preserve accuracy in biological sequence databases
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 16:18, s. 2454-2460
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biology is increasingly dependent on large-scale analysis, such as proteomics, creating a requirement for efficient bioinformatics. Bioinformatic predictions of biological functions rely upon correctly annotated database sequences, and the presence of inaccurately annotated or otherwise poorly described sequences introduces noise and bias to biological analyses. Accurate annotations are, for example, pivotal for correct identifications of polypeptide fragments. However, standards for how sequence databases are organized and presented are currently insufficient. Here, we propose five strategies to address fundamental issues in the annotation of sequence databases: (i) to clearly separate experimentally verified and unverified sequence entries; (ii) to enable a system for tracing the origins of annotations; (iii) to separate entries with high-quality, informative annotation from less useful ones; (iv) to integrate automated quality-control software whenever such tools exist; and (v) to facilitate post-submission editing of annotations and metadata associated with sequences. We believe that implementation of these strategies, for example as requirements for publication of database papers, would enable biology to better take advantage of large-scale data.
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| 41. |
- Berggård, Tord, et al.
(författare)
-
Methods for the detection and analysis of protein-protein interactions
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9861 .- 1615-9853. ; 7:16, s. 2833-2842
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large number of methods have been developed over the years to study protein-protein interactions. Many of these techniques are now available to the nonspecialist researcher thanks to new affordable instruments and/or resource centres. A typical protein-protein interaction study usually starts with an initial screen for novel binding partners. We start this review by describing three techniques that can be used for this purpose: (i) affinity-tagged proteins (ii) the two-hybrid system and (iii) some quantitative proteomic techniques that can be used in combination with, e.g., affinity chromatography and coimmunoprecipitation for screening of protein-protein interactions. We then describe some public protein-protein interaction databases that can be searched to identify previously reported interactions for a given bait protein. Four strategies for validation of protein-protein interactions are presented: confocal microscopy for intracellular colocalization of proteins, coimmunoprecipitation, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and spectroscopic studies. Throughout the review we focus particularly on the advantages and limitations of each method.
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| 42. |
- Berglund, Aseel, et al.
(författare)
-
Paper Remote: An Augmented TV Guide and Remote Control
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society (UAIS). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297. ; 4:4, s. 300-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The television (TV) is one of the most common entertainment devices in homes. Searching and finding TV programs is a common task and using TV guides is one way of performing this. This paper presents three studies that are focused on examining audiences’ TV habits and TV guide usage, evaluating a new concept based on linking paper and pen with TV technology, and studying the audiences’ attitudes toward and anticipated interest in the future guide. The results of our first study emphasize the value of using paper based TV guides and also identify the deficiencies. We also found indications that the advantages and disadvantages of paper-based TV guides are related to the physical properties of paper. Thus, we suggest a solution that uses digital pen and paper technology to offer a new interaction method for TV. A research system “Paper Remote”, is developed and used in the two subsequent studies. Viewers tick designated areas on the paper-based guide to perform actions such as channel switching. However, this solution is not a substitute for the remote control device. We argue that these user studies on linking digital paper to the TV for everyday information navigation illuminate the possibilities of providing innovative solutions also for home information systems also.
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| 43. |
- Berglund, Aseel, et al.
(författare)
-
Using speech and dialogue for interactive TV navigation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - : Springer. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297. ; 3:3-4, s. 224-238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interaction techniques for interactive television (iTV) are currently complex and difficult to use for a wide-range of viewers. Few previous studies have dealt with the potential benefits of multimodal dialogue interaction in the context of iTV for the purpose of flexibility, usability, efficiency, and accessibility. This paper investigates the benefits of introducing speech and connected dialogue for iTV interaction, and presents a case study in which a prototype system was built allowing users to navigate the information space and control the operation of the TV by a speech-based natural language interface. The system was evaluated by analysing the user experience in five categories capturing essential aspects of iTV interaction: interaction style, information load, data access, effectiveness and initiative. Design considerations relevant for speech and dialogue information systems for TV interfaces also emerged from the analysis.
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| 44. |
- Berglund, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
-
A whole-genome bioinformatics approach to selection of antigens for systematic antibody generation
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 8:14, s. 2832-2839
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here, we present an antigen selection strategy based on a whole-genome bioinformatics approach, which is facilitated by an interactive visualization tool displaying protein features from both public resources and in-house generated data. The web-based bioinformatics platform has been designed for selection of multiple, non-overlapping recombinant protein epitope signature tags by display of predicted information relevant for antigens, including domain- and epitope sized sequence similarities to other proteins, transmembrane regions and signal peptides. The visualization tool also displays shared and exclusive protein regions for genes with multiple splice variants. A genome-wide analysis demonstrates that antigens for approximately 80% of the human protein-coding genes can be selected with this strategy.
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| 45. |
- Berman, Robert, 1976
(författare)
-
Convergence Rates for Discretized Monge-Ampere Equations and Quantitative Stability of Optimal Transport
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Foundations of Computational Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-3375 .- 1615-3383. ; 21, s. 1099-1140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent works-both experimental and theoretical-it has been shown how to use computational geometry to efficiently construct approximations to the optimal transport map between two given probability measures on Euclidean space, by discretizing one of the measures. Here we provide a quantitative convergence analysis for the solutions of the corresponding discretized Monge-Ampere equations. This yields H-1-converge rates, in terms of the corresponding spatial resolution h, of the discrete approximations of the optimal transport map, when the source measure is discretized and the target measure has bounded convex support. Periodic variants of the results are also established. The proofs are based on new quantitative stability results for optimal transport maps, shown using complex geometry.
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| 46. |
- Bertucci, Carlo, et al.
(författare)
-
HSA binding of HIV protease inhibitors : a high-performance affinity chromatography study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 32:10, s. 1625-1631
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The binding of HIV protease inhibitors, drugs important for anti-HIV chemotherapy, to HSA was examined by high-performance affinity chromatography. Frontal analysis was first used to determine the amount of anchored protein and the binding capacity for selected markers on this column. Zonal elution experiments then ranked the HSA bound fraction of the examined compounds. Information on the g region was obtained by competitive zonal elution experiments using probe binding compounds with known sites on HSA. An allosteric competition between HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) and valproate (a probe for the bilirubin site) was detected, consistent with a noncooperative binding mechanism. No significant competition was observed between the examined compounds and salicylate or ibuprofen, probes for sites I and II, respectively. The observations were confirmed by circular dichroism spectroscopy, based on the change in the induced circular dichroism signals of selected markers for the main binding sites of HSA when ritonavir was added as the competitor. These results were in good agreement with previous literature reports and provide more details on how PIs are transported in plasma and how they may compete with other drugs in the body.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Bielawski, Marcin, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficient and General One-Pot Synthesis of Diaryliodonium Triflates : Optimization, Scope and Limitations
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 349:17-18, s. 2610-2618
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Symmetrical and unsymmetrical diaryliodonium triflates have been synthesized from both electron-deficient and electron-rich arenes and aryl iodides with mCPBA and triflic acid. A thorough investigation of the optimization, scope and limitations has resulted in an improved one-pot protocol that is fast, high-yielding, and operationally simple. The reaction has been extended to the direct synthesis of symmetrical iodonium salts from iodine and arenes, conveniently circumventing the need for aryl iodides.
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| 49. |
- Björklund, Asa K, et al.
(författare)
-
Quantitative assessment of the structural bias in protein-protein interaction assays.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 8:22, s. 4657-46667
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With recent publications of several large-scale protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies, the realization of the full yeast interaction network is getting closer. Here, we have analysed several yeast protein interaction datasets to understand their strengths and weaknesses. In particular, we investigate the effect of experimental biases on some of the protein properties suggested to be enriched in highly connected proteins. Finally, we use support vector machines (SVM) to assess the contribution of these properties to protein interactivity. We find that protein abundance is the most important factor for detecting interactions in tandem affinity purifications (TAP), while it is of less importance for Yeast Two Hybrid (Y2H) screens. Consequently, sequence conservation and/or essentiality of hubs may be related to their high abundance. Further, proteins with disordered structure are over-represented in Y2H screens and in one, but not the other, large-scale TAP assay. Hence, disordered regions may be important both in transient interactions and interactions in complexes. Finally, a few domain families seem to be responsible for a large part of all interactions. Most importantly, we show that there are method-specific biases in PPI experiments. Thus, care should be taken before drawing strong conclusions based on a single dataset.
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| 50. |
- Bokhari, Ahmad Hasnain, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Topology optimization of an acoustic diode?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Structural and multidisciplinary optimization (Print). - : Springer. - 1615-147X .- 1615-1488. ; 63:6, s. 2739-2749
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By using topology optimization, we consider the problem of designing a passive acoustic device that allows for one-way flow of sound waves; such a device is often colloquially referred to as an acoustic diode. The Helmholtz equation is used to model the time harmonic linear wave propagation together with a Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) type boundary condition, and the finite element method is used for discretization. The objective of this study is to maximize the wave propagation in one direction (from left to right) and minimize the wave propagation in the reverse direction (from right to left) for planar incoming waves. The method of moving asymptotes (MMA) solves the optimization problem, and a continuation approach is used for the penalizing intermediate design variables. The results for the optimized waveguide show that more than 99.8% of the power of planar incoming waves get transmitted from left to right while less than 0.3% gets transmitted in the reverse direction for planar incoming waves in the specified frequency range. Since a true diode is a non-reciprocal device and here we used a linear acoustic wave model, which is basically reciprocal, we discuss details about how it appears to be possible to obtain a one-way waveguiding effect using this linear model.
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