| 1. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Broad frequency rotatory testing
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 105:s455, s. 48-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The method of broad-frequency-band rotatory testing with results from normal subjects and patients with peripheral uni- and bilateral loss as well as central vestibular disorders are reviewed. The following conclusions are drawn: adequate testing of the vestibulo-ocular reflex including side detection of unilateral loss in light or in darkness can only be done with either random or high-frequency (2.5–3 Hz) sinusoidal stimulation. Measurements of compensatory eye movements at lower frequencies where vestibular and non-vestibular signals interact are of interest for central vestibular diagnosis. A decreased ability to suppress vestibular nystagmus is not an uncommon finding in patients with large acoustic neuromas or pathology in the brainstem or cerebellum.
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| 2. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of compensatory eye movements in light and darkness
- 1984
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 96:s406, s. 209-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad frequency-band rotatory test has been used to quantify compensatory eye movements in 13 healthy subjects during light and darkness conditions. Eye movements were recorded by EOG. Head movements were recorded either by a potentiometer attached to the chair's axis of rotation or by an angular rate sensor attached to a bite-board. Gain and phase values between eye and head velocity were calculated. A systematic error in the higher frequency range is introduced in the results by assuming head movement equal to chair movement. Different instructions in the dark can alter the gain values at lower frequencies (up to 2 Hz) during sinusoidal stimulation. During pseudorandom stimulation no such differences can be obtained. During all test conditions with the rate sensor the gain values approach unity at about 3 Hz.
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| 3. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Visual suppression tests in acoustic neuroma patients
- 1989
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 108:s468, s. 349-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty-five patients with a unilateral acoustic neuroma were investigated preoperatively with visual suppression tests during rotatory oscillation and caloric irrigation. During a sinusoidal oscillation, 29% of the patients showed a reduced suppression compared to 9% during pseudo-random oscillation and 11 % in the caloric test. In the sinusoidal and caloric tests the majority of the patients with deficient suppression had large or medium-sized tumors. In a few patients with small tumors, pathology was observed in both sinusoidal and randomized tests, presumably as a sign of unconcentration. The study shows that the sinusoidal visual suppression test and to a lesser degree suppression during caloric irrigation are of value for identification of brainstem-cerebellum compression of acoustic neuromas.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Larsby, Birgitta
(författare)
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Pursuit eye movements. Methodological aspects
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 105:s455, s. 24-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reduced smooth pursuit ability is often a sign of central vestibular pathology. Methodological aspects of stimulation, recording of eye movements and analysis of results in the evaluation of the smooth pursuit function are discussed. A method for evaluation of the smooth pursuit function over a broad frequency range is presented and the effects of target predictability and age on recorded parameters are shown.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Ödkvist, L. M., et al.
(författare)
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When and how to use Gentamicin in the treatment of Meniere's disease
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 117:S526, s. 54-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gentamicin given as local therapy for severe Meniere's disease is of considerable value in the control of vertigo. The ototoxic antibiotic is instilled through the tympanic membrane causing a peripheral vestibular loss and possibly also diminished endolymph production. In order to achieve the best results with gentamicin treatment it is of utmost importance that the diagnosis is correct. Given to a patient with vertigo of other than peripheral origin, the outcome would be worsening of the existing symptoms and addition of new ones. The method should be used only by physicians who are very familiar with vertigo and otology, and only in patients with such a disturbing degree of vertigo that they are well motivated to receive treatment. Thorough information regarding the disease, the treatment procedure and the symptoms caused by a unilateral peripheral vestibular loss should be given to the patient. Vestibular rehabilitation, including movement therapy, should be given by the physician or, preferably, a well trained physiotherapist on an individual basis or in patient groups together with written practice programmes for use at home. Vertigo attacks are usually relieved in 95% of patients. Twenty percent of patients experience an added hearing loss in the treated ear, although this number is reduced if the treatment is given as a single installment on consecutive days with extra installments given one month later if the vertigo remains.
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| 8. |
- Agerhäll, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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High rate of early recurrence of peritonsillar abscess among adolescents and young adults
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 143:7, s. 602-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) can be treated with aspiration or incision for drainage, but a subsequent PTA can occur if tonsillectomy is not performed. Better understanding is needed of when tonsillectomy should be performed to avoid PTA recurrence.Objective: This study investigated the recurrence rate of PTA following aspiration or incision for drainage and evaluated the risk factors for recurrence.Methods: The medical records of 292 patients treated for PTA were reviewed. Recurrence of PTA and elective or quinsy tonsillectomy were the primary endpoints. A Cox proportional hazards regression model for PTA recurrence was constructed with sex, age, and PTA history as predictors.Results: Young age was the only significant predictor of PTA recurrence. Patients aged 15 to 24 years had a 30-day recurrence rate of 15.5% and a total recurrence rate of 26.6%. The total recurrence rate among patients over 30 years of age was significantly less at 4.0% (Fisher’s exact test, p <.05).Conclusion and Significance: Based on our results, tonsillectomy should be considered for PTA in patients between 15 and– 25 years of age and, to effectively avoid future recurrence of PTA, should be performed urgently.
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| 9. |
- Aghajanzadeh, Susan, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective 5-year study of trismus prevalence and fluctuation in irradiated head and neck cancer patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 142:7-8, s. 620-626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Trismus is a complication post-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC), which causes pain, eating limitations and reduced quality-of-life. However, little is known about the condition long-term or how trismus fluctuates within an irradiated population. Aim/Objective To prospectively map trismus prevalence in irradiated HNC patients up to 5-years following treatment completion including describing intra-group fluctuation of maximum interincisal opening (MIO). Materials and Methods 211 patients receiving curatively intended radiotherapy for HNC were included in this prospective study. Patients were followed pre-radiotherapy (baseline), 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36- and 60-months post-radiotherapy completion using MIO. Results Mean MIO at baseline, 12-months and 5-years following radiotherapy were 51.5 mm, 41.7 mm and 41.3 mm respectively. A total of 28% (n = 36) fulfilled the trismus criterion at 5-years post-radiotherapy. Eighty percent of patients (n = 24) with trismus at 5 years post-radiotherapy also suffered from trismus at 12 months post-radiotherapy, whilst 88-92% of all patients reported reduced MIO at any given timepoint compared to baseline. 15% of patients never exceeded an MIO of >35 mm at any time-point. Conclusion Trismus is a prevalent long-term complication of HNC and its treatment, which does not appear to heal spontaneously. The majority of fluctuations in MIO occur during the first 12 months post-radiotherapy completion.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Ahlberg, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Early self-care rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 131:5, s. 552-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSIONS: No positive effects of early preventive rehabilitation could be identified. The results do not contradict the proposition that rehabilitation based on self-care can be effective but it is important to establish evidence-based training programs and identify proper instruments for selection of patients and evaluation of intervention. OBJECTIVES: Patients with head and neck cancer suffer from functional impairments due to intense treatment. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of an experimental early preventive rehabilitation using hard, objective end points in a nonselective, longitudinal, prospective cohort study. METHODS: In all, 190 patients were included in the program and received instructions for training before the start of treatment with the aim of reducing swallowing problems and reducing mouth opening and stiffness in the neck. A control group of 184 patients was recruited. RESULTS: There was no difference in weight loss and 2-year survival between the two groups. No positive effects concerning functional impairments were found in patient-reported outcome measures.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Akagi, Nana, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of acute endolymphatic hydrops overload on the endolymphatic sac
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 128:3, s. 239-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSIONS: Homeostasis of endolymph volume is a complex mechanism, in which the endolymphatic sac (ES) may play an important role. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the effect of acute endolymphatic hydrops (EH) on the ES and to gain further information about the volume and pressure regulative function of the ES. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Distilled water was injected into the middle ear cavity of adult CBA/J mice. The ESs were studied morphologically by light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Mild EH was found, particularly in the upper turn of the cochlea. Acute EH led to an increase in the size of the ES lumen, accompanied by collapse of the lateral intercellular spaces and dense perisaccular tissue, changes which had reversed 2 h after the injection.
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| 18. |
- Akagi, Nana, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of inner ear blood flow changes on the endolymphatic sac
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 128:11, s. 1187-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSIONS: That the endolymphatic sac (ES) reacts to changes in inner ear blood flow may be important for homeostasis of the inner ear fluid volume and pressure. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the effect of changes in inner ear blood flow on the ES and to learn more about the volume and pressure regulatory function of the ES. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Epinephrine or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was injected into the middle ear cavity of adult CBA/J mice. The ES were analyzed morphologically by light microscopy. RESULTS: Epinephrine reduced the luminal size of the ES leading to an accumulation of intraluminal homogeneous substance. Injection of SNP increased the size of the ES lumen, accompanied by a collapse of the lateral intercellular space (LIS) and dense perisaccular tissue. These changes were almost reversed 4 h after injection.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Gert, et al.
(författare)
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Neck vibration causes short-latency electromyographic activation of lower leg muscles in postural reactions of the standing human.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 122:3, s. 284-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study how quickly cervical proprioceptive information induced muscular responses in the lower leg to control posture in the standing human we investigated lower leg muscle electromyography and force-plate data from 10 healthy normal subjects, when perturbed by posterior neck muscle vibration. At the onset of vibration the tibialis anterior muscle was activated at latencies of 70-100 ms whilst the triceps surae muscle was inhibited at the same latencies. At offset the opposite pattern was observed. These findings suggest that a short-latency integrative system, rather than a direct reflex, mediates the cervical influence on posture. The short latencies also imply that activation of postural muscles in response to vibration towards the neck muscles occurs faster than would be expected if it was caused only by a perceptive illusion of movement.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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The role of cognition in tinnitus
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 126, s. 39-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions: The role of cognition in tinnitus is difficult to ignore. First, tinnitus is likely to disrupt cognitive functioning, and there are some indications that tinnitus patients have impaired capacity to perform certain cognitive tasks. Second, evidence is emerging that tinnitus patients show cognitive bias in the way they handle information. Such information processing style suggests either depressive functioning, or anxious vigilance, or both. Finally, self-report measures of tinnitus distress all require conscious recollection of how tinnitus is perceived and the consequences of tinnitus. Such reports necessitate cognitive capacity. Objectives: To review the literature on the interface between cognitive function and tinnitus with special regard to the role of different levels of information processing. Materials and methods: A selective systematic literature search was conducted using the search engines of Medline and Psychological Abstracts, and by hand search of conference proceedings. Results: There are yet relatively few published studies on cognitive functioning in tinnitus patients. Most research has been conducted by a few separate research groups. However, the available studies clearly implicate an important role of cognitive processes at different levels from basic cognitive function to more conscious appraisal of the consequences of tinnitus. Finally, a tentative model of the road from tinnitus generation to annoyance via cognitive function is suggested.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Andersson, Morgan, et al.
(författare)
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Nasal treatment with a microemulsion reduces allergen challenge-induced symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 128:6, s. 666-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions. Intranasal microemulsion treatment can attenuate allergen challenge-induced nasal symptoms and plasma exudation in allergic rhinitis. We hypothesize that the mechanism of action involves modification of the allergen-mucosa interaction. The present observation suggests a novel principle for prevention in allergic rhinitis. Objective. To evaluate a specific microemulsion as a treatment for allergic rhinitis in an acute allergen challenge model. Patients and methods. Patients with allergic rhinitis were examined out of the pollen season. Treatment with a single dose of a specific microemulsion was given in a single-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover design using a nasal pool device. Nasal allergen challenges were carried out and symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored. Furthermore, nasal lavages were performed and levels of the plasma protein alpha(2)-macroglobulin were measured as an index of exudative inflammation. Results. The allergen challenges produced significant increases in nasal symptoms (p = 0.007) and in nasal lavage fluid levels of alpha(2)-macroglobulin (p = 0.008). The challenge-induced symptoms as well as the plasma exudation were attenuated by treatment with the microemulsion (p = 0.016 and 0.012, respectively, compared with placebo).
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Annertz, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha B-crystallin - a validated prognostic factor for poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavityl
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 134:5, s. 543-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: Alpha B-crystallin was found to be an independent prognostic marker for poor prognosis in oral cavity tumours. For oropharyngeal cancer, alpha B-crystallin had no prognostic value. Objective: The aim of this study was to see if earlier findings of alpha B-crystallin as an independent prognostic marker, and SPARC/osteonectin, PAI-1 and uPA as a prognostic combination for poor outcome in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck could be confirmed in a new set of tumours. Methods: In a consecutive series of patients, assessed and primarily treated at a tertiary referral centre, histological sections from 55 patients with oral and SCC (OOPHSSC) with complete clinical data and follow-up were obtained. Oral and oropharyngeal tumours were studied separately. Immunohistochemical detection of alpha B-crystallin, SPARC/osteonectin, PAI-1 and uPA expression was performed. Results: Thirty-five patients had an oral tumour and 20 patients an oropharyngeal tumour. Twenty-five oral tumours stained negatively and 10 positively for alpha B-crystallin. For oropharyngeal tumours the figures were 15 negatively and 5 positively. Median disease-specific survival (DSS) for both sites was 33.8 and 11.9 months, for negative and positive alpha B-crystallin staining, respectively (p=0.046). For the oral cavity, median DSS was 27.3 months for negative tumours and 7.5 months for positive tumours (p=0.012). Corresponding figures for oropharyngeal tumours were 33.8 and 34.1 months (p=0.95). Thus, significance in survival was only found in oral cavity tumours. In multivariate analyses there were no significant differences in DSS in the oropharyngeal group when adjusted for tumour size (T status) and presence of neck node metastasis (N status). In the oral cavity group, the significantly better DSS for negative tumours became even stronger when adjusted for T and N status. No statistical difference was found in DSS between positive and negative staining for SPARC/osteonectin, PAI-1 or uPA.
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| 30. |
- Annertz, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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High-risk HPV and survival in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma : 5-year follow up of a population-based study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 8:134, s. 843-851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSION: No statistically significant 5-year survival difference was seen in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OOPSCC) between high-risk HPV-positive and -negative groups in this population-based study. OBJECTIVES: To see if the formerly observed higher risk for recurrence or second primary tumour (SPT) in high-risk HPV-positive patients with OOPSCC corresponds to worse survival. METHODS: A total of 128 consecutive, previously untreated patients with OOPSCC, who were part of a population-based case-control study in southern Sweden during 2000-2004, were included. A mouthwash sample was collected and exfoliated cells were collected with cotton-tipped swabs from the tonsillar fossa and the tumour. Specimens were analysed for HPV DNA using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Disease-specific survival (DSS) and DSS difference between HPV-negative and HPV-positive patients were calculated. The relationship between age, stage, high-risk HPV status and DSS was assessed. Oral and oropharyngeal tumours were assessed separately. RESULTS: Mean DSS in months was 80.7/68.6 (high-risk HPV-negative/high-risk HPV-positive) for oral cavity tumours (p = 0.18) and 67.6/78.3 (high-risk HPV-negative/high-risk HPV-positive) for oropharyngeal tumours (p = 0.47). For oral cavity tumours, age, T status, N status and stage all showed significant differences in DSS. For oropharyngeal tumours, no significant difference regarding DSS was found.
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| 31. |
- Annertz, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The increase in incidence of cancer of the tongue in the Nordic countries continues into the twenty-first century
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 132:5, s. 552-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: This study shows a persistent trend of an increase in the incidence of carcinoma of the tongue into the twenty-first century for both sexes and all age groups except for young males. Objectives: During the last decades increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue in young adults has been reported. We previously showed an increased incidence in SCC of the tongue in Scandinavia in 1960-1994, most pronounced in patients aged 20-39 years. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the trend of increased incidence of tongue cancer continued into the twenty-first century in a population-based study in the Nordic countries. Methods: Data for all reported SCCs of the tongue and base of tongue in patients aged 20-79 years during 1960-2008 were extracted from the NORDCAN registry, based on the National Cancer registries in the Nordic countries. Data from Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and Iceland were analyzed. The age groups 20-39, 40-64, and 65-79 years were studied separately as well as male and female figures. Results: In all, 12 280 cases were reported, of which 673 were diagnosed in patients aged 20-39 years. The trend of an increase persisted after 1994 in both sexes and all three age groups except in young males.
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| 32. |
- Anniko, Matti
(författare)
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Acta Oto-Laryngologica
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 138:3, s. 192-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Anniko, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Nitric oxide in guinea pig vestibular sensory cells following gentamicin exposure in vitro
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 121:3, s. 346-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gentamicin-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in the vestibular end organs of the guinea pig was investigated using the new fluorescence indicator 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate for direct detection of NO. Utricular maculae and isolated vestibular sensory cells were examined to locate NO production sites. The fluorescence intensity of the sensory cells was augmented by stimulation with gentamicin. This increase in fluorescence was inhibited by the presence of the non-specific inhibitor for nitric oxide synthase, L-N(G)-nitroarginine methylester, and by the non-specific N-methyl-D-aspartic acid antagonist (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate. These findings indicate that NO may play an important role in the ototoxicity of aminoglycoside.
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| 35. |
- Anniko, M, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 138:3, s. 191-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Arenaz Búa, Beatriz, et al.
(författare)
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Voice and swallowing after total laryngectomy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 138:2, s. 170-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Voice and swallowing problems are often seen in patients with advanced larynx cancer, after total laryngectomy (TL) and chemo/radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of voice and swallowing problems in patients who have been laryngectomised and investigate if these symptoms were related to age, time after TL, radiotherapy and TNM-classification. In addition, we studied how often the patients changed their voice prostheses and the need of therapeutic interventions after TL. Methods: Forty-five patients were included in the study and completed the Swedish version of the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire and the Voice Handicap Index-T. Results: Swallowing problems were reported by 89% of the patients and moderate-to-severe voice handicap was reported by 66%. Most of the subjects who had dysphagia also presented voice problems (rs = 0.67 p ≤ .01). Additional therapeutic interventions to manage problems with voice and/or swallowing after TL were required in 62% of the patients. Conclusions: Swallowing and voice problems after TL are common. Thus, the preoperative information and assessment of these functions, as well as the treatment and the post-operative rehabilitation should be evaluated and optimised to provide better functional results after treatment of advanced larynx cancer.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Aschan, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Xylene exposure. Electronystagmografic and gaschromatografic studies in rabbit
- 1977
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 84:1-6, s. 370-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complaints of vertigo from people who are exposed to industrial solvents have focused interest on their toxic effect on the nervous system. In order to evaluate the influence of an organic solvent, xylene, on the mammalian vestibular system, a series of rabbit experiments were performed. To achieve a constant concentration, the xylene was infused as a lipid emulsion. Blood concentrations were estimated by gas chromatography. Elec-tronystagmography in darkness revealed that at blood xylene concentrations of 30 ppm all rabbits had a positional nystagmus. The beat direction was the opposite of positional alcohol nystagmus. Another difference between the alcohol and the xylene reaction was that rotatory nystagmus responses were exaggerated. The relations between the present findings and the reactions and blood concentrations in people exposed to industrial solvents are discussed.
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| 40. |
- Ask, Per, et al.
(författare)
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A simple device measuring differences in level in the oesophagus
- 1978
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 85:3-4, s. 296-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A device for measuring the difference in level between the pressure transducer and a point of measurment is described. It can be used in oesophageal manometry with waterfilled catheters to measure and compensate for superimposed hydrostatic pressure. The practical application of the method is illustrated.
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| 41. |
- Astradsson, Thorsteinn, et al.
(författare)
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Trismus in patients with head and neck cancer and 5-year overall survival
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 138:12, s. 1123-1127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trismus is a common complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer but its impact on survival is unknown.Aims/Objectives: This prospective study evaluates the incidence of trismus in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy and the impact of trismus on 5-year overall survival.Material and methods: Two hundred forty-four patients with head and neck cancer were included. All patients received instructions on jaw exercises and were evaluated before initiation of radiotherapy and at 2, 6, and 12 months after termination of radiotherapy.Results: One year after treatment 25% had a reduced maximum interincisal opening (MIO) of 13 mm or more as compared to the pretreatment MIO. Trismus was most prevalent in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer. A trend towards worse 5-year overall survival was seen among patients with trismus.Conclusions: The trismus rate was approximately 30% at 12 months. Jaw exercises should primarily be offered to patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer who are most likely to benefit. Further studies are required to investigate the effect of trismus on survival.Significance: This study identifies patients likely to benefit from jaw exercises and provides basis for further research on trismus and survival.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Benson, Mikael, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Connectivity can be used to identify key genes in DNA microarray data: a study based on gene expression in nasal polyps before and after treatment with glucocorticoids
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 127:10, s. 1074-1079
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions. The presented analysis of nasal polyposis using connectivity based on the PubGene literature co-citation network demonstrates that this tool can be used to identify key genes in DNA microarray studies of human polygenic diseases. Objectives. DNA microarray studies of complex diseases may reveal differential expression of hundreds of genes. According to network theory and studies of yeast cells, genes that are connected with several other genes appear to have key regulatory roles. This study aimed to examine if this principle can be translated to DNA microarray studies of human disease, using nasal polyposis as a base for the analysis. Materials and methods. The connectivity of differentially expressed genes from a previously described microarray study of nasal polyposis before and after treatment with glucocorticoids was determined. This was done using the literature co-citation network PubGene. Results. In all, 166 genes were differentially expressed; 39 of these were previously defined as inflammatory and considered important for nasal polyposis. The connectivity of all differentially expressed genes was analysed using the PubGene literature co-citation network. Seventy-four of the 166 genes were connected to other genes. By contrast, the average number of connected genes among 100 sets of 166 randomly chosen genes was 31.5. A small number of the differentially expressed genes were highly connected, while most genes had few or no connections. This indicated a scale-free network. The most connected gene was interleukin-8, an inflammatory gene of known importance for nasal polyposis. Twenty-eight of the 74 connected genes were inflammatory (38%), compared with 11 of the 92 unconnected genes (12%), p < 0.0001. Since most evidence suggests that nasal polyps are inflammatory in their nature, this supports the hypothesis that connected genes have more disease relevance than unconnected genes.
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| 46. |
- Benson, Mikael, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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DNA microarray analysis of chromosomal susceptibility regions to identify candidate genes for allergic disease: A pilot study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 124:7, s. 813-819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective-To examine whether DNA microarray analysis of chromosomal susceptibility regions for allergy can help to identify candidate genes. Material and Methods-Nasal biopsies were obtained from 23 patients with allergic rhinitis and 12 healthy controls. RNA was extracted from the biopsies and pooled into three patient and three control pools. These were then analysed in duplicate with DNA microarrays containing 12626 genes. Candidate genes were further examined in nasal biopsies (real-time polymerase chain reaction) and blood samples (single nucleotide polymorphisms) from other patients with allergic rhinitis and from controls. Results-A total of 37 differentially expressed genes were identified according to criteria involving both the size and consistency of the gene expression levels. The chromosomal location of these genes was compared with the chromosomal susceptibility regions for allergic disease. Using a statistical method, five genes were identified in these regions, including serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type, 5 (SPINK5) and HLA-DRB2. The relevance of these genes was examined in other patients with allergic rhinitis and in controls; none of the genes were differentially expressed in nasal biopsies. Moreover, no association between allergic rhinitis and SPINK5 polymorphisms was found, at either the genotype or haplotype level. Conclusions-DNA microarray analysis of chromosomal susceptibility regions did not lead to identification of candidate genes that could be validated in a new material. However, because gene polymorphisms may cause differential gene expression, further studies, including validation data, are needed to examine this approach.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Bergemalm, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term objective and subjective audiologic consequences of closed head injury
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 121:6, s. 724-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During a period of 5 years, a total of 47 patients, 16-60 years of age, with major closed head injury (CHI) were admitted to 2 Swedish medical centres. Seven to 11 years after injury, 25 of them (mean age 40.8 years; range 25-59 years) were evaluated using peripheral and central auditory tests, and most of them also completed 2 questionnaires concerning self-assessed hearing ability and quality of life. Twenty-two patients did not participate in the long-term follow-up tests: 15 were excluded for medical reasons and 4 did not wish to participate; an additional 2 were impossible to trace and 1 had died. As many as 68% of patients (17/25) demonstrated abnormalities on 1 or more of the audiometric tests, 14 on pure-tone audiometry (p < 0.02) and/or central audiometric tests (3 on central tests only and 2 on pure-tone audiometry only). Four out of six patients with available early post-traumatic audiograms showed a significant progressive deterioration. As a group, their assessments of hearing ability and quality of life were equal to or better than those of the controls. These results may indicate that a higher priority should be given to obtaining an early audiologic evaluation of every CHI patient than is the rule today. The impact of post-traumatic progress and central lesions on social hearing at an advanced age is highlighted.
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| 49. |
- Bergemalm, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Perception of the acoustic environment and neuroimaging findings : a report of six cases with a history of closed head injury
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 129:7, s. 801-808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: The main finding was the relation between difficulty in determining the direction of movement of a sound source and frontal lesions and poor working memory. Poor correspondence in some cases between functional findings and imaging findings can be due to the possibility of axonal degeneration as well as plastic reorganization. Objective: The purpose of the present investigation of six cases was to identify auditory, cognitive and neuroimaging long-term sequelae of closed head injury (CHI) with particular focus on environmental sound recognition and moving sound sources. Subjects and methods: Six subjects who had experienced CHI were investigated with auditory tests. Four subjects also completed cognitive testing. CT and MRI were performed. Results: There was a large individual variability of the test results with respect to morphological findings. In five cases with central auditory processing disorders morphological brain damage was demonstrated. Two cases with shortcomings on cognitive testing and with frontal brain lesions demonstrated problems in determining the direction of movement of a sound source. The results may indicate that basal frontal lobe structures play a role in following and determining the direction of movement of a sound source. Two cases had problems with environmental sound recognition; in one left temporal brain lesions were demonstrated.
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| 50. |
- Bergemalm, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Progressive hearing loss after closed head injury : a predictable outcome?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 123:7, s. 836-845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives-To evaluate the prevalence of progression of closed head injury (CHI)-induced hearing impairment, defined as greater than or equal to 15 dB HL deterioration at 1 or more frequencies, and to identify risk factors in patient history and initial status that could predict progression.Material and Methods-A total of 600 patients with major CHI were admitted to 2 Swedish medical centres during a 14-year period. The type of injury was established by means of CT and the severity of head injury was measured using the Swedish Reaction Level Scale (RLS). In 62 of these patients, pure-tone audiometry was performed soon after the injury. Forty-three patients agreed to participate in the present investigation, which was carried out 2-13 years after the injury. Each participant was evaluated using pure-tone audiometry and an itemized anamnesis was obtained.Results-There was a higher prevalence of hearing impairments in the study group compared to a control group. Thirty-two subjects (74%) showed a progression of greater than or equal to 15 dB, which was significantly greater than the spontaneous progression in the control group. Age and temporal bone fracture were risk factors for progression but not brain contusion only or RLS. There was an association between early pure-tone average (PTA) and progression as well as regression, i.e. the poorer the initial PTA the greater the progression as well as regression, indicating increased instability in the auditory system. Examination of patient histories did not reveal any single risk factors for progression. A serendipitous finding was a higher prevalence of reported memory shortcomings among those with post-traumatic tinnitus.Conclusion-Especially for those with fracture of the temporal bone the present results stress the importance of audiometric evaluation and follow-up, from both rehabilitation and medicolegal perspectives
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